2021年上海市16區(qū)初三英語(yǔ)二模匯編（解析版）-07 短文首字母填空（教師版）

專題07短文首字母填空（教師版）

目錄

一、寶山區(qū)十、浦東新區(qū)

二、崇明區(qū)十一、普陀區(qū)

三、奉賢區(qū)十二、青浦區(qū)

四、虹口區(qū)十三、松江區(qū)

五、黃浦區(qū)十四、徐匯區(qū)

六、嘉定區(qū)十五、楊浦區(qū)

七、金山區(qū)十六、長(zhǎng)寧區(qū)

八、靜安區(qū)

九、閔行區(qū)

一、寶山區(qū)

十、短文首字母填空

Whatislaughter?

Laughterisnaturalforpeople.Westarttolaughataboutfourmonthsofage.Westarttolaughevenbeforewe

starttospeak!

Laughterissocial.Itconnectsuswithotherpeople.Welaughmorewhenwearewithotherpeople.Studies

findthatweare30timesmorelikelytolaughwithothersthanwhenwearea56..Whenonepersonlaughs,other

peoplebegintolaugh,too.

Itisdifficulttopretend.Laughterish57..Trytolaughrightnow.It9sdifficult,isn'tit?Whenpeoplepretend

tolaugh,mostpeopleknowit'snotreal.Studiesshowthatpeopledon'tlikethesoundoffake（虛假的）laughter.

Whendopeoplelaugh?

Only10to20percentoflaughterisaboutsomethingfunny.Mostlaughterisaboutbeingfriendlywithother

people.Mostlaughtersays"Idon'twanttocompetewithyou.Iliketobewithyou."Thiskindoflaughterbrings

peoplet58..

Weoftenlaughwhenwefeeln59..Atthebeginningofthemeeting,someoneoftentellsajoke.It'susuallya

smalljoke,butwelaughalot.Ourlaughterhelpsusrelax.

Whatisfunny?

Somethingsarefunnybecausewedon'te60.them.Whenajokebegins,wealreadyhaveanideaaboutthe

end.Wethinkweknowtheend,butthenthejokeendsinadifferentway.Theendofthejokesurprisesus.Itmakes

uslaugh.

Sillythingsaresometimesfunny.Welaughatjokesaboutpeopleandtheirm61,becauseweknowsomething

theydon'tknow.Wethinkwearebetterthantheyare.

Noteveryonehasthesamesenseofhumor(幽默感).Somepeoplethinkajokeisfunny,butotherpeopledon't

thinkso.Peoplehavedifferentideaaboutwhatisfunny.Foryoungchildren,theworldisnew.Manythingssurprise

them,sotheylaughalot.Teenagersoftenworryaboutwhatothersthinkofthem.Theylaughtop62.themselves.

Teenagerslaughwhentheyfeelembarrassed.Adultslaughatthingsthatgivethemstress.Ourreasonsforlaughter

changeovertime.

【答案】

56.(a)lone

57.(h)onest

58.(t)ogether

59.(n)ervous

60.(e)xpect

61.(m)istakes

62.(p)rotect

【分析】

本文主要談?wù)撔υ谌藗兩钪械淖饔?，并解答人們何時(shí)會(huì)笑，為什么會(huì)笑。

56.

句意：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們和別人一起笑的可能性是我們獨(dú)處時(shí)的30倍。根據(jù)"Studiesfindthatweare30times

morelikelytolaughwithothersthanwhenweare”及后字母，可知，此處講人們獨(dú)處和跟其他人待在一起進(jìn)行

比較，alone表示“獨(dú)自的“，故填(a)lone。

57.

句意：笑聲是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。根據(jù)“Itisdifficulttopretend”可知，很難假裝，所以這是很誠(chéng)實(shí)的，honest表示“誠(chéng)實(shí)

的”符合，故填(h)onest。

58.

句意：這種笑聲讓人們走到一起。根據(jù)“Iliketobewithyou”可知，這種笑聲表達(dá)出來(lái)就是要跟對(duì)方走到一

起，together"?起”符合,故填⑴ogether。

59.

句意：當(dāng)我們感到緊張時(shí)，我們經(jīng)常笑。根據(jù)"Ourlaughterhelpsusrelax”可知，當(dāng)感到緊張時(shí)，通過(guò)笑來(lái)讓

人們放松，nervous“緊張的”符合，故填(n)ervous。

60.

句意：有些事情之所以有趣，是因?yàn)槲覀儾⒉黄诖鼈?。endofthejokesurprisesus.Itmakesus

laugh”可知，當(dāng)結(jié)果并不是我們預(yù)期那樣的時(shí)候，這件事情才變得有趣，excep(表示“期待”符合，don't后接

動(dòng)詞原形，故填(e)xpect。

61.

句意：我們嘲笑別人和他們的錯(cuò)誤，因?yàn)槲覀冎酪恍┧麄儾恢赖氖虑?。根?jù)"Sillythingsaresometimes

funny”可知，在他們的錯(cuò)誤這樣愚蠢的事情上讓人們嘲笑，mistake表示“錯(cuò)誤”，their修飾名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,

故填(m)istakes。

62.

句意：他們笑是為了保護(hù)自己。根據(jù)“Teenagersoftenworryaboutwhatothersthinkofthem”可知，擔(dān)心別人對(duì)

自己的想法，所以用笑來(lái)保護(hù)自己，protect“保護(hù)”符合，動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)t。后接動(dòng)詞原形，故填(p)rotect。

二、崇明區(qū)

十四、短文首字母填空

Whichismoreimportanttoourlives,theInternetorthewashingmachine?Manyofusmightanswer,

“TheInternet!?,TheInternethelpsusgatherinformation.Itallowsustoseeourfriendsinrealtime.

However,Ha-joo-chang,aprofessoratCambridgeUniversity,doesn'ta67..Hebelievesthewashingmachine

haschangedtheworldmorethantheInternet.Thatsoundsstrange,butChangisnota68..Manyexpertshave

calledthewashingmachinethegreatestinventionofthe20thcentury.Why?

Let'sbeh69.:Howmanyofuslovetodothelaundry(洗衣機(jī))？Itseemsthecycleofwashing,dryingand

ironingneverends.It'ssotiringandboring.

However,beforethewashingmachinewasinvented,womenoftenhadtospendlotsoftimewashingclothes.Many

ofthemsufferedfrombackp70..

Thewashingmachinefreedfromthelaundry.Manywomenfoundtheyhadenoughtimetoenterthelabor

market.Asaresult,thesocialstatusofwomenbegantochange.Today,mostwomencanmakeani71.living.

Theydon'thavetorelyonmenanylonger.

Tobetterunderstandtheinfluenceofwashingmachines,wecanlookatsocietiesw72?them.InmanyAfrican

countries,doingthelaundrytakeswomensixhoursaday,Womenthereh73.havetimetoworkorstartabusiness.

Itisdifficultforthemtofindawayoutofpoverty.Perhapsthingswillbealotdifferentiftheyhavewashing

machines.

Weoftentakethewashingmachineforgranted.Butthesemachinesdoplayanimportantroleinourlives.

Theyhavegreatlychangedtheworld.

【答案】

67.(a)gree

68.(a)lone

69.(h)onest

70.(p)roblem/(p)ain

71.(i)ndependent

72.(w)ithout

73.(h)ardly

【分析】

文章就互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和洗衣機(jī)對(duì)我們的生活哪個(gè)更重要，給出了一些不同的看法和論述。

67.

1.句意：然而，劍橋大學(xué)的Chang教授并不同意。根據(jù)句子成分，此處缺動(dòng)詞，且是動(dòng)詞原形。其次根據(jù)文

章第一段問(wèn)在我們生活中，網(wǎng)絡(luò)和洗衣機(jī)哪個(gè)更重要，有些人覺(jué)得網(wǎng)絡(luò)更重要，而第二段開(kāi)頭有個(gè)however

然而，來(lái)了一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折，意思劍橋大學(xué)的這個(gè)教授不同意這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，故填(a)gree。

68.

句意：這聽(tīng)起來(lái)很奇怪，但不止chang教授一個(gè)人。根據(jù)句子成分，此處缺形容詞，根據(jù)“Manyexpertshave

calledthewashingmachinethegreatestinventionofthe20thcentury.”可知,很多專家稱洗衣機(jī)是二十世紀(jì)最偉

大的發(fā)明。所以說(shuō)chang教授是不孤立的，故填(a)lone。

69.

句意：實(shí)話說(shuō)，我們當(dāng)中有多少人喜歡用洗衣機(jī)呢？根據(jù)句子成分，此處缺形容詞，結(jié)合句意，此處指的

是說(shuō)實(shí)話，故填(h)oneslo

70.

句意：他們中的許多人遭受背部問(wèn)題/疼痛。根據(jù)句子成分，此處缺名詞，再根據(jù)"womenoftenhadtospendlots

oftimewashingclothes.Manyofthemsufferedfromback...”及常識(shí)推測(cè)，洗衣服遭受背部問(wèn)題或疼痛，此處名

詞用單數(shù)形式，故填(p)roblem/(p)ain。

71.

句意：今天，大多數(shù)婦女可以獨(dú)立生活。根據(jù)句子成分，此處缺形容詞，再根據(jù)"Theydon'thavetorelyonmen

anylonger.“可知，婦女過(guò)上了獨(dú)立的生活，故填⑴ndependenl。

72.

句意：為了更好地理解洗衣機(jī)的影響，我們可以看看沒(méi)有洗衣機(jī)的社會(huì)。根據(jù)句子成分，此處缺介詞，再

根據(jù)"InmanyAfricancountries,doingthelaundrytakeswomensixhoursaday,“可知，在非洲很多國(guó)家，洗衣服

每天要花去女性六個(gè)小時(shí)。由此可推測(cè)出是“沒(méi)有洗衣機(jī)”，用介詞without,故填(w)ithout。

73.

句意：那里的婦女幾乎沒(méi)有時(shí)間工作或創(chuàng)業(yè)。根據(jù)句子成分，此處缺副詞，再根據(jù)"InmanyAfricancountries,

doingthelaundrytakeswomensixhoursaday,”可知，在非洲很多國(guó)家，洗衣服每天要花去女性六個(gè)小時(shí)。她

們幾乎沒(méi)有時(shí)間去工作或者做生意，此處應(yīng)填副詞hardly“幾乎不工故填(h)ardly。

三、奉賢區(qū)

十四、短文首字母填空

The"DoubleEleven^^ShoppingFestivalisoneofthelargestshoppingfestivalsinChina.Lastyear,the

festivalwentonforelevendays.Alibabaalonesaw498.2billionyuanintrade.

Manypeoplebelievesuchlargeshoppingfestivalscanhelpthems67.lotsofmoney.Afterall,manystores

dodiscount(打折)theirgoods.Butifyoutakeasecondlookatthesaleprices,you'llfindthatmanyofthemendin

"9"or".99”.Inoureverydaylife,wer68.say“Justgiveme5.99minutes",it'snotcommontosay“Justgiveme

59minutes”,either.Wearemorelikelytosay“Justgivemesixminutes”and"Justgiveme60minutes”.Whydo

storesprefertheotherwayround?

AccordingtoLeeE.Hibbett,aprofessorofmarketing,thispricingstrategy(策略)hasbeenaroundforabouta

century.Nooneknowswhoinventedit.However,storesalllikeit.Pricesthatendin”.99"and"9"simplygetmore

customers.

Thestrategy(策略)isbasedonthef69.thatwereadfromlefttoright.Onapricetag(標(biāo)簽)，thenumberon

thefarleftimpressesusthemost.So,eventhough5.99dollarsisprettyc70.to6dollars,it'sthe"5"that

impressesusmost.Aproductthatsellsfor5.99dollarsjustseemslikeabetterdealthanasimilaronethatsellsfor

6dollars.

Ina2016study,Hibbett,aprofessorofmarketingaskedaclothingcompanytor71.thepriceofoneofits

dresses.Heandhisworkmatesallthoughtfewerpeoplewouldbuythedress.Theresult,however,s72,them.

Demand(需求)increasedbyathird.Increasingthepricefrom$34to$44madenodifferenceatall.

Sobec73.withpricesthatendin"9"or".99”.Theymaymakeyouspendmoremoney!

【答案】

67.(s)ave

68.(r)arely

69.(f)act

70.(c)Iose

71.(r)aise

72.(s)urprised

73.(c)areful

【分析】

心理學(xué)研究表明，由于我們從左到右閱讀，在價(jià)格標(biāo)簽上，最左邊的數(shù)字會(huì)給我們留下最深刻的印象。因

此，當(dāng)我們購(gòu)物時(shí)，要小心那些以“9”或“.99”結(jié)尾的價(jià)格，它們可能會(huì)讓我們花更多錢。

67.

句意：很多人認(rèn)為這樣的大型購(gòu)物節(jié)可以幫他們節(jié)省很多錢。根據(jù)"Afterall,manystoresdodiscounttheir

goods.”可知許多商場(chǎng)打折，應(yīng)該是幫人們省錢。save節(jié)省。helpsb.dosth.幫助某人做某事。故填(s)ave。

68.

句意:在我們的II常生活中，我們很少說(shuō)“就給我5.99分鐘”，說(shuō)“就給我59分鐘”也不常見(jiàn)。結(jié)合常識(shí)可知

很少說(shuō)"Justgiveme5.99minutes”這句話，再由“either”可知用表示否定含義的副詞。rarely很少地。故填

(r)arely0

69.

句意：這個(gè)策略是基于我們從左到右閱讀的事實(shí)。根據(jù)"wereadfromlefttoright”結(jié)合常識(shí)可知從左到右閱

讀是個(gè)事實(shí)，fact事實(shí)，特指從左到右讀這一事實(shí)，用單數(shù)。故填⑴acl。

70.

句意：所以，盡管5.99美元和6美元很接近，但給我們印象最深的還是“5”。根據(jù)“5.99dollarsisprettyc…to

6dollars”及常識(shí)可知5.99美元很接近于6美元，becloseto接近。故填(c)lose。

71.

句意：在2016年的一項(xiàng)研究中，市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷教授希貝特要求一家服裝公司提高其一件連衣裙的價(jià)格。根據(jù)

^Increasingthepricefrom$34to$44madenodifferenceatall.”可知價(jià)格從34美元提高到了44美元。raise提

高。ask...todosth.要求...做某事。故填(r)aise。

72.

句意：然而，結(jié)果卻讓他們大吃一驚。價(jià)格上升后需求反而增長(zhǎng)這是令人吃驚的，句中缺少謂語(yǔ)，surprise

使驚訝，根據(jù)上下文可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，surprise的過(guò)去式是surprised。故填(s)urpriscd。

73.

句意：所以要小心以“9”或“.99”結(jié)尾的價(jià)格。根據(jù)“Theymaymakeyouspendmoremoney!”可知這些價(jià)格可能

會(huì)使人花更多錢，應(yīng)該小心，careful小心的，在句中作表語(yǔ)。故填(c)areful。

四、虹口區(qū)

十四、短文首字母填空

Withequalopportunities,womenareabletochoosetheirownidealjobs.Ifa9to5officejobisn'tyour

style,considerthefollowingf67.funjobsavailable.

Wedding（婚禮）planner

Whilesomewomendreamoftheirweddingday,othersgrowuptobeweddingplanners.B68.chancesare

available,asmorethan2millionweddingstakeplaceintheUnitedStateseachyearwithana69.spendofmore

than$1,000perweddingforaweddingplanner.

Disneycharacter

Imaginebeingpaidtobeaprincess.FormanywomenworkingattheDisneyresorts,thatise70.whatthey

do.TheWaltDisneyCompanywantslook-alikestoplaytheroleofDisneycharacters,likeCinderella,atits

DisneylandandDisneyWorldresorts.

Personalshopper

Ifyoulovetoshop,particularlywhenyouarespendingsomeoneelse'smoney,thenyoushouldconsider

b71.apersonalshopper.Personalshoppersmeettheircustomers'n72.,lifestyles,likesanddislikesandthenput

thatknowledgetousebybuyingtheirclothingandaccessories.Althoughthejobdoeshaveafewdrawbacks(缺

點(diǎn))，likefussycustomers,

Esaysthat"mostly,it'saprettygood

Doggydaycare

Womenwholovea73.mightthinkaboutopeningadoggydaycarecenter.Youcanspendyourdaysplaying

withdogs,beforesendingthemhomeattheendoftheday.

【答案】

67.(f)our

68.(B)usiness

69.(a)verage

70.(e)xactly

71.(b)eing

72.(n)eeds

73.(a)nimals

【分析】

婦女能夠選擇自己理想的工作，如果不喜歡朝九晚五的辦公室工作，本文推薦四種職業(yè)：婚禮策劃師：迪

斯尼人物替身：喜歡購(gòu)物，可以當(dāng)私人購(gòu)物者；喜歡動(dòng)物的女人可能會(huì)考慮開(kāi)一個(gè)狗兒日托中心。

67.

句意：如果一份朝九晚五的辦公室工作不是你的風(fēng)格，可以考慮以下四種有趣的工作。上文“Ifa9to5office

jobisn'tyourstyle”朝九晚五的辦公室工作不是你的風(fēng)格；根據(jù)下文提議，可考慮"Weddingplanner；Disney

character；Personalshopper；Doggydaycare”等四種工作；four"四"；故填(f)our。

68.

句意：商業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)是可以找到的，美國(guó)每年有200多萬(wàn)場(chǎng)婚禮，婚禮策劃師平均的每場(chǎng)婚禮費(fèi)用超過(guò)100。美

元。根據(jù)下文“asmorethan2millionweddingstakeplaceintheUnitedStates”每年有200多萬(wàn)場(chǎng)婚禮；可知有

很多的商業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)；business"商業(yè)"；故填(B)usiness。

69.

句意：商業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)是可以找到的，美國(guó)每年有200多萬(wàn)場(chǎng)婚禮，一位婚禮策劃師的平均每場(chǎng)婚禮費(fèi)用超過(guò)1000

美元。上文“asmorethan2millionweddingstakeplaceintheUnitedStateseachyear”介紹美國(guó)每年有200多萬(wàn)

場(chǎng)婚禮，根據(jù)"foraweddingplanner”提示可知此處指“一位婚禮策劃師平均每場(chǎng)婚禮費(fèi)用"；withanaverage

of'平均為...故填(a)verage。

70.

句意：對(duì)許多在迪士尼樂(lè)園工作的女性來(lái)說(shuō)，這恰恰是她們所做的。分析句子成分可知填副詞；根據(jù)“TheWalt

DisneyCompanywantslook-alikestoplaytheroleofDisneycharacters,likeCinderella,atitsDisneylandand

DisneyWorldresorts”迪士尼公司希望替身能扮演像灰姑娘這樣的迪士尼角色；可知上文指“許多在迪士尼樂(lè)

園工作的女性正是在做這種工作"；exactly“恰恰，準(zhǔn)確地”；故填(e)xactly。

71.

句意：如果你喜歡購(gòu)物，尤其是當(dāng)你在花別人的錢時(shí)，那么你應(yīng)該考慮當(dāng)一個(gè)私人購(gòu)物者。根據(jù)上文“Ifyou

lovetoshop,particularlywhenyouarespendingsomeoneclse'smoney”喜歡購(gòu)物且在花別人的錢；可知此處指

“考慮成為?個(gè)私人購(gòu)物者”；“be+a/a口+職業(yè)名詞”意為“當(dāng)一名……”；considerdoingsth”考慮做某事”;可知

填動(dòng)名詞；故填(b)eing。

72.

句意：個(gè)人購(gòu)物者滿足顧客的需求、生活方式、好惡，然后利用對(duì)顧客的了解購(gòu)買服裝和配飾。根據(jù)下文“then

putthatknowledgetousebybuyingtheirclothingandaccessories”可知,只有了解顧客的的需求、生活方式、

好惡才能幫助顧客買到他們中意的東西；need“需求”，此處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)表泛指；故填(n)eeds。

73.

句意：喜歡動(dòng)物的女人可能會(huì)考慮開(kāi)一個(gè)狗兒日托中心。根據(jù)下文“Youcanspendyourdaysplayingwithdogs,

beforesendingthemhomeattheendoftheday”可以和狗玩一整天；可知上文指“愛(ài)動(dòng)物的女人可以開(kāi)狗兒托育

中心“；animal“動(dòng)物”,用名詞復(fù)數(shù)表泛指;故填(a)nimals。

五、黃浦區(qū)

十、短文首字母填空

OnedaySamandJerryweregoinghomefromschool.Whenonturningacorner,Samcriedout,“Afight!

Letusgoandsee!”

“No,"saidJerry,4ietusgoquietlyhome!Wehavenothingtodowithitandmaygetintot51..”

“Youareacoward(月旦小鬼)andafraidtogo,“saidSam,andoffheran.

Jerrywents52.home,andintheafternoonwenttoschoolasusual.ButSamhadtoldalltheboysthatJerry

wasacoward,andtheylaughedathimalot.Jerryhadlearnedthatsometimesit'sunnecessarytoa53,withothers

andthatheoughttobeafraidofnothingbutdoingwrong.

Afewdayslater,Samwasswimmingwithsomeschoolmatesandsuddenlyhefeltasharppainintheleg.He

struggledandscreamedforhelp,buttherewasnor54..TheboyswhohadcalledJerryacowardgotoutofthe

waterasfastastheycould,buttheydidnoteventrytohelphim.

SamwasfastsinkingwhenJerrythrewoffhisclothesandsprangintothewater.Her55,Samjustashewas

sinkingthelasttime.Withgreate56.andwithmuchdangertohimself,hebroughtSamtotheshoreandthus

savedhislife.

Samandhisschoolmatesweres57.tocallJerryacoward.Theyfinallyrealizedthathewasbraverthanany

ofthem.Neverbeafraidtodogood,butalwaysfeartodoevil.

【答案】

51.(t)rouble

52.(s)traight

53.(a)rgue

54.(r)esponse/(r)eply

55.(e)ached

56.(e)ffort

57.(s)orry

【分析】

本文是一篇記敘文，講述r薩姆和杰里在上學(xué)路上發(fā)生的一件事。

51.

句意:我們與此事毫無(wú)關(guān)系，可能會(huì)惹上麻煩的。getintotrouble陷入困境、惹上麻煩，固定短語(yǔ)。故填(t)rouble。

52.

句意：杰里直接回家了，下午像往常一樣去了學(xué)校。分析句子成分結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)填副詞修飾動(dòng)詞went。

結(jié)合首字母提示可知，此處應(yīng)填straight,表示“直接地”符合語(yǔ)境；gostraighthome直接回家°故填(s)traight。

53.

句意：杰里已經(jīng)明白了有時(shí)候和別人爭(zhēng)論是沒(méi)有必要的，他只應(yīng)該害怕做錯(cuò)事。根據(jù)上文“ButSamhadtoldall

theboysthatJerrywasacoward,andtheylaughedathimalot.”及結(jié)合首字母提示可知，但是薩姆告訴所有的

男孩杰里是個(gè)膽小鬼，他們經(jīng)常嘲笑他。此處使用argue,表示“爭(zhēng)論”符合語(yǔ)境；arguewithsb.和某人爭(zhēng)論,

固定短語(yǔ)。故填(a)rgue。

54.

句意：他掙扎著呼救，但沒(méi)有回應(yīng)。boyswhohadcalledJerryacowardgotoutofthewaterasfast

astheycould,blittheydidnoteventrytohelphim.”可知，那些稱杰里為膽小鬼的孩子們盡快地從水里出來(lái)了，

但他們甚至沒(méi)有試著去幫助他。此處填response表示“回應(yīng)/回復(fù)”，符合語(yǔ)境。故填(r)esponse/(r)eplyo

55.

句意：當(dāng)他最后一次下沉?xí)r，他到達(dá)了薩姆身邊。到達(dá)：reach,這是講述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，時(shí)態(tài)為?般過(guò)

去時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用過(guò)去式，reach的過(guò)去式是reached。故填(r)eached。

56.

句意：他費(fèi)了很大的勁，冒著很大的危險(xiǎn)把薩姆拉到岸邊，救了他的命。wilhgreateffort全力以赴，用盡

全力；故填(e)ffort。

57.

句意：薩姆和他的同學(xué)都為曾經(jīng)把杰里稱為膽小鬼而感到抱歉。根據(jù)下文“Theyfinallyrealizedthathewas

braverthananyofthem.”及結(jié)合上文Sam的所作所為可知，他們終于意識(shí)到，他比他們?nèi)魏我粋€(gè)人都勇敢。

由此可推斷薩姆和他的同學(xué)都為把杰里稱為膽小鬼而感到抱歉抱歉：sorry,形容詞；besorryto對(duì)……感到

抱歉，固定短語(yǔ)。故填(s)orry。

六、嘉定區(qū)

十、短文首字母填空

AnnaDuwaswalkingalongthebeachwhenshenoticedplasticsthere.Shereacheddowntopickthemup,and

quicklyrealizedthereweremanymoretinypiecesthanshecoulddealwith.Itseemedi51.tocleanthemallup.

Du,12yearsoldatthetime,tiredtosolvetheproblemlikeanygoodscientist-first,bydoingalittlerr52..She

conductedsurveysandsearchedforinfbnnation.That'showshelearnedthat8milliontonsofplasticsendupinthe

oceanseveryyear.

Thenshegottoworkbuildingsomethingthatcouldhelpsolvetheproblem:aremote-operatedvehicle(遙控

潛水器)一ROV,HerROVcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.

TheactuallycoolpartofDu'sROVisthedetection(探測(cè))system.Sheusesac53.alongwiththreedifferent

kindsoflighttofindtheplasticsthroughpictures.Shealsousesvisible(可見(jiàn)的)lighttofindunnaturalcolorsthat

mightmaketheplasticsstandout.

“Shehasaverygoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblemlikethisandthengoafterit,“saysengineer

CaseyMachado,<4Itsoundss54.,butit'salevelofthinkingthat'sreallydifficult.”

Dostartedattendingpubliceventsandworkshopsatauniversitywhenshewasfiveyearsold,andsoshe

pickeduptheengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildherROV.ShesaysactuallygettingherROVtomovethrough

waterwellwasnoteasy.Shef55,manytimes,butshenevergaveuptryingandtesting.

Whenaskedaboutfutureplans,shesaidthatshewantedtoaddresstheeffectsofclimate(氣候)change.

thinktherearealotofproblemsthatcouldbesolvedwithnewi56.saysDu.

Duthanksherparents,whoforyearshavetakenhertostudentoutreachactivities,forsupportingherinterest

inscience,technology,engineeringandmath(STEM).Shesaysshehasbeenabletomeetstudentsandscientists

there.

“IknowIwanttobeanengineerbecauseIlikebuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems,saysDu."But

I'mnotsurewhatkindofengineerIwanttobeyet.^^

L57.,shehasplentyoftimetofigurethatoutatherage.

【答案】

51.(i)mpossible

52.(r)esearch

53.(c)amera

54.(s)imple

55.(Dailed

56.(i)deas/(i)nventions

57.(L)uckily

【分析】

本文主要講AnnaDu十二歲時(shí)就制作了自己的遙控潛水器，她從小就對(duì)STEM感興趣，長(zhǎng)大后想成為一名

工程師，幫助解決世界問(wèn)題。

51.

句意：要把它們?nèi)壳謇砀蓛羲坪跏遣豢赡艿?。根?jù)"andquicklyrealizedthereweremanymoretinypiecesthan

shecoulddealwith”她很快意識(shí)到有太多的小碎片讓她無(wú)法處理，可知，此處指把它們清理干凈是不可能的。

impossible"不可能的”，形容詞作表語(yǔ)。故填⑴mpossible。

52.

句意：當(dāng)時(shí)年僅12歲的杜，想要像任何一位優(yōu)秀的科學(xué)家一樣，首先，做一個(gè)小調(diào)查。根據(jù)“Sheconducted

surveysandsearchedforinfbrmation.”可知，她做了一個(gè)小調(diào)查，結(jié)合首字母聯(lián)想到research，科研，調(diào)查由

a可知，空處用單數(shù)。故填(r)esearch。

53.

句意：她使用一架相機(jī)和三種不同的光通過(guò)圖片找到塑料。根據(jù)“TheactuallycoolpartofDu，sROVisthe

detection(探測(cè))system.”和首字母可知，此處指利用攝像頭和三種不同的光源。camera“攝像機(jī)”，由a可知

用單數(shù)。故填(c)amera。

54.

句意：這聽(tīng)起來(lái)很簡(jiǎn)，但這是一種真正困難的思考水平。but前后句意表示轉(zhuǎn)折，根據(jù)difficult可知，空處

用其反義詞，結(jié)合首字母可知，此處用simple“簡(jiǎn)單的”，作表語(yǔ)。故填(s)imple。

55.

句意：她失敗了很多次，但她從來(lái)沒(méi)有放棄嘗試和測(cè)試。根據(jù)"butshenevergaveuptryingandtesting.”及首

字母可知，此處指失敗了很多次。fail表示“失敗”，描述的是過(guò)去的事情，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。故填⑴ailed。

56.

句意：我認(rèn)為有很多問(wèn)題可以用新的想法/發(fā)明來(lái)解決。根據(jù)“couldbesolvedwithnew...”及首字母可知，解

決問(wèn)題可以用新的想法或新的發(fā)明。idea“注意”；invention“發(fā)明”，此處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)表示泛指。故填⑴deas/

(i)nventionso

57.

句意：幸運(yùn)的是，以她的年齡，她有足夠的時(shí)間去思考。根據(jù)"shehasplentyoftimetofigurethatoutatherage.”

及首字母可知，此處應(yīng)填luckily“幸運(yùn)的是"，副詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填(L)uckily。

七、金山區(qū)

十四、短文首字母填空

Onmyfather^birthday,myparentsandIwentoutfordinner.Therestaurantwasbrightlylitandvery

noisy,withlotsofdiners.Waitersmoveb67.betweenthetables.

Wehadjustorderedourmealswhensuddenlyallthelightsintherestaurantwentout.Theplacewent

completelydark.Alltheconversationsintherestaurants68.foramoment,andtheneverybodystartedtalking

together."What'shappenedtothelights?M"Ooh,ifsablackout!”Somepeoplelaughed,andotherseemedalittle

w69..

Thentherestaurantmanagercamein,holdingacandle.Hespoketoallthediners,"Ladiesandgentlemen,I

amverysorryforthis.Ourpowerhasgoneout.Thepowerhasgoneoutacrossthewholeneighborhood,andwe

don'tknowwhenitwillberestored.Pleasebep70..Ourwaiterswillbringcandlessothatyoucancontinuewith

yourevening.^^

Thewaiterscameinwithlitcandlesandplacedthemonthetables.

Oneofthedinersasked,“Whataboutourmeals?^^

“Don'tworry,sir,"repliedthemanager.t€Fortunately,weusegasinourkitchen,note71.,sothechefcan

continuecookingallyourmeals.Onceagain,ladiesandgentlemen,Ia72.

Myfathersaidtome,"let'sgooutthestreetandtakealook.”

HeandIwentoutofthefrontdoorandlookedupanddownthestreet.Sureenough,itwasintotaldarkness.

Wewentbackinandsatatthetablewithmymother.Ourfaceswerelitupbythecandlelight.Thewaiter

broughtourmealsandwestartedeating.

“Youknow,1don'tmindthisatall.^^saidDad.Helookedaroundattherestaurant."It'squitepretty!AndIfeel

s73.I'mhavingabirthdaydinnerbycandlelight!^^

“Youalwayslookontherightside!MsaidMum.Wealllaughed.

【答案】

67.(b)usily

68.(s)topped

69.(w)orried

70.(p)atient

71.(e)lectricity

72.(a)pologize

73.(s)pecial

【分析】

本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了在父親生日那天，他和父母出去吃晚飯。剛點(diǎn)了餐，餐廳里的燈因停電突

然熄滅了。結(jié)果父親一點(diǎn)也不介意，因?yàn)檫@是真正在燭光下吃的一頓生日晚餐。

67.

句意：服務(wù)員在桌子間忙來(lái)忙去。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處的詞是修飾動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)是副詞；根據(jù)首字母提示

和句意,空處應(yīng)是busily,忙碌地。故填(b)usily。

68.

句意：餐廳里所有的談話都停了一會(huì)兒。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處是句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；結(jié)合前句“Theplace

wentcompletelydark.”語(yǔ)境可知，空處應(yīng)是stop,停止；句子是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過(guò)去式slopped。故填

(s)toppedo

69.

句意：其他人似乎有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心。根據(jù)前句“Somepeoplelaughed,”和首字母提示可知，空處應(yīng)是worried,擔(dān)心

的。故填worried,擔(dān)心的。故填(w)orried。

70.

句意：請(qǐng)耐心點(diǎn)。根據(jù)前句"Thepowerhasgoneoutacrossthewholeneighborhood,andwedon'tknowwhenit

willberestored.”語(yǔ)境和首字母提示可知，應(yīng)是請(qǐng)求大家耐心點(diǎn)，故空處應(yīng)是patient,耐心的，形容詞。故填

patiento故填(p)atient。

71.

句意：幸運(yùn)的是，我們廚房里用的是煤氣，而不是電，這樣廚師就可以繼續(xù)為你做飯了。根據(jù)前文因停電

而燈突然熄滅的語(yǔ)境和首字母提示可知，空處應(yīng)是electricity,電。故填(e)lectricity。

72.

句意：女士們先生們，我再次向你們道歉。根據(jù)前文停電語(yǔ)境和首字母提示可知，空處應(yīng)是apologize,道

歉；句子是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)力”是第一人稱，故動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用原形。故填(Apologize。

73.

句意：我覺(jué)得很特別我要在燭光下吃生日晚餐！根據(jù)后句"I'mhavingabirthdaydinnerbycandlelight

和首字母提示，feel是系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞，空處應(yīng)是special,特別的。故填(s)pecial。

八、靜安區(qū)

十四、短文首字母填空

Tourismhasbecomeahugeindustry.Touristsmakemillionsofforeigntripsayear,twiceasm67.as20years

ago.It'snowthelargestemployeronEarth.Clearly,itcandogreatgood,butitcanalsodogreatdamage.

It'struethattourismhasbroughtbenefitstomanyareasoftheworldthatwereverypoor.However,mass

tourismalsohassomebade68..Localcultureandcustomschangeasmoretouristsarrive.Toomuchtourism

damagestheenvironment.Andmoreandmoretouristsarebehavingbadly.

Complaintsfromlocalpeoplearegrowing.IncitiessuchasBarcelonaorVeniceresidentssaythattoomany

touristsarriveoncruiseships（游掄）.Asaresult,towncentresareovercrowded.Theytellstoriesabout

n69.partiesthatkeeppeopleawakeallnight.Infamousbeautyspots,wheretouristmoneywaswelcomed,people

arenowworriedaboutthedamagetouristsdototheenvironment.

Ofcourse,manytouristsenjoythebenefitsoftourisminaresponsibleway.Theychooseholidaysthatsupport

thelocaleconomyandtheyrespectthelocalcultureandtheenvironment.Environmentallyfriendlytourism,or

eco-tourism,isbecomingmorep70..

Responsibletouristbehaviourisnecessary,butitisn'tenoughtosolvetheproblem.Manypeoplenowbelieve

thatgovernmentsshouldcontrolhowmanyvisitorsentertheircountry.Theybelievetheyshould171.thenumber

ofcruiseshipsthatusetheirportsandshouldnotallowtoomanyhoteldevelopments.

U72.,governmentsareinadifficultsituation.Tourismbringsinalotofmoneyandthishelpsthemi73.life

forthelocalpeople.However,somegovernmentsarebeginningtounderstandthattoomuchtourismcanbebadfor

thelocalpopulationandtheenvironment.They'vetakensomemeasurestopromoteenvironmentallyfriendly

tourism.Theremaystillbehope.

【答案】

67.(m)any/(m)uch

68.(e)ffects

69.(n)oisy

70.(p)opular

71.(l)imit

72.(U)nfortunately/(U)nluckily

73.(i)mprove

【分析】

文章介紹了旅游的好處和負(fù)面影響，以及怎樣消除和避免這些消極影響。

67.

句意：游客每年有數(shù)百萬(wàn)次的國(guó)外旅行，是20年前的兩倍。as...as中間接形容詞副詞的原級(jí)，此處指的是

“和...一樣多“，結(jié)合首字母提示可知，many/much符合，故填(m)any/(m)uch。

68.

句意：然而，大眾旅游也有一些不良影響。根據(jù)“tourismhasbroughtbenefitstomanyareasoftheworldthatwere

verypoor”以及However提示可知，此處表達(dá)的是不好的影響，此處用可數(shù)名詞effect的復(fù)數(shù)，表示“影響”

這個(gè)整體概念。故填(e)ffects。

69.

句意：他們講吵鬧的聚會(huì)讓人徹夜未眠的故事。根據(jù)“tellstories”以及"thatke叩peopleawakeallnight”及首字

母提示可知，此處指的是“吵鬧的”聚會(huì)，形容詞作定語(yǔ)，修飾其后的名詞，故填(n)oisy。

70.

句意：環(huán)境友好型旅游或生態(tài)旅游正變得越來(lái)越流行。根據(jù)上文“Theychooseholidaysthatsupportthelocal

economyandtheyrespectthelocalcultureandtheenvironment.”可知，他們選擇支持地方經(jīng)濟(jì)的節(jié)日旅行，他

們尊重地方文化和環(huán)境。環(huán)境友好型旅游，或者叫生態(tài)旅游正越來(lái)越受歡迎。popular"受歡迎的”，故填

(p)opularo

71.

句意：他們認(rèn)為，應(yīng)該限制使用他們港口的游輪數(shù)量，不應(yīng)該允許過(guò)多的酒店開(kāi)發(fā)。根據(jù)上文“Manypeople

nowbelievethatgovernmentsshouldcontrolhowmanyvisitorsentertheircountry.”可知，很多人現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為，政府

應(yīng)該控制進(jìn)入自己國(guó)家的游客人數(shù)。他們相信，他們應(yīng)該限制使用其港口的游輪的數(shù)量，應(yīng)該不準(zhǔn)許發(fā)展

太多賓館。limit“限制”,故填⑴imit.

72.

句意：不幸的是，各國(guó)政府處境艱難。根據(jù)"governmentsareinadifficultsituation.”可知，此處表達(dá)的是“遺

憾的是/不幸的是“，政府處在一個(gè)困難的境地。unfortunately/unluckily符合語(yǔ)境，故填

(U)nfortunately/(U)nluckily0

73.

句意：旅游業(yè)帶來(lái)『很多錢，這有助于他們改善當(dāng)?shù)厝说纳?。根?jù)力ifbforthelocalpeople”可知，此處指

的是“改善”當(dāng)?shù)厝说纳睿琲mprove“改善”，helpsbdosth”幫助某人做某事”，故填⑴mprove。

九、閔行區(qū)

九、短文首字母填空

Stomachfluisacommondisease.Itspreadseasily,whichmakesithardtoavoid.That'se43.trueif

someoneinyourfamilyhasit.Stomachfluiscausedbyavirus,butnotthesameonethatcausesregularflu.

Becauseit'scausedbyavirus,there9snomedicinetomakeitgoaway.Buttherearesomethingsyoucandoto

avoidcatchingit.

Youcanp44.stomachflubywashingyourhandsoften.Usehotwaterandsoap,andspendtimescrubbing.

Usinghandsanitizerisbetterthannothing,butitisnotveryeffectiveagainststomachflu.That'sbecausehand

sanitizermostlykillsbacteria,notviruses.

Thevirusthatcausesstomachfluishardtokill.Nonnalcleanerswon'talwayswork.Butcleaningyourhouse

canstopyoufromcatchingit.Soputbleach（消毒水）andwatertogether,andusethattocleansurfaces.Ifsomeone

inyourfamilyissick,r45.tocleanthingsthatpersonhastouched.

Dishwashersarebetteratkillingvimsesthanwashingdishesbyhand.Thafsbecausetheykeepdisheshotter

forlonger.Manyvirusescanstaya46.inyourwashingmachine.Sodolaundrywithhotwaterandusebleach,if

possible.Youmayevenwanttorunthewashingmachinewith