2021中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法真題訓(xùn)練定語(yǔ)從句含解析

定語(yǔ)從句

定語(yǔ)從句起了形容詞的作用，在句中修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞。被修飾的詞叫做先行詞，引

導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞，他的作用一是放在先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句中間起了連接作用，二是在

從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分，并與先行詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。

關(guān)系詞先行詞從句成分例句備注

Doyouknowthemanwhoistalking

who人卜:沿

withyourmother?

Mr.SmithisthepersonwithwhomI

amworking

whom人賓語(yǔ)

Theboy(whom)sheloveddiedinthe

war..whom,which

和that在從

Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsare句中做賓語(yǔ)

abouthistory.時(shí)，?？梢允?/p>

whose人，物定語(yǔ)

Theboywhosefatherworksabroadis略，但介詞提

mydeskmate.前時(shí)后面關(guān)系

關(guān)系代詞不能省

代詞Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.略，也不可以

主語(yǔ)，賓

that人，物Sheisthepopstar(that)Iwantto用that

語(yǔ)

seeverymuch.

Thebook(which)Igaveyouwas

主語(yǔ)，賓worth$10.

which物

語(yǔ)Thepicturewhichwasaboutthe

accidentwasterrible.

Heissuchapersonasisrespected

主語(yǔ)，賓byallofus.as做賓語(yǔ)一

as人，物

語(yǔ)ThisisthesamepenasIlost般不省略

yesterday.

Iwillneverforgetthedaywhenwe

when時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可用onwhich

關(guān)系metthere.

副詞

where地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.可用inwhich

Ican'timaginethereasonwhyhe可用for

why原因原因狀語(yǔ)

turneddownmyoffer.which

II.that與which,who,whom的用法區(qū)別:

情況用法說明例句

1.

先行詞為all,everything,anything,1.Hetoldmeeverythingthat,

nothing,little,much,等不定代詞時(shí)。heknows.

2.2.Allthebooksthatyou

先行詞被all,any,every,each,much,offeredhasbeengivenout.

little,no,some,few等修飾時(shí)3.Thisisthebestfilmthat

3.Ihaveeverread.

只用that的

先行詞有形容詞最高級(jí)和序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)4.Wetalkedaboutthepersons

情況

4.andthingsthatwe

先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)remembered.

5.5.HeistheonlymanthatI

先行詞被theonly,thevery修飾時(shí)wanttosee.

6.6.Whoisthemanthatis

句中已經(jīng)有who或which時(shí)，為了避免重makingaspeech?

復(fù)時(shí)

1.

在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，只能用which指

Hehasason,whohasgone

代物，用who/whom指人

abroadforfurtherstudy.

只用which,2.

Ilikethepersontowhomthe

who,whom的在由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

teacheristalking.

情況中,只能用which指物，whom指人。

Thosewhorespectothersare

3.

usuallyrespectedbyothers.

先行詞本身是that時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用which,

先行詞為those,one,he時(shí)多用who。

III.as與which的區(qū)別:

定語(yǔ)從

區(qū)別例句

句

限制性名詞前有such和thesame修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系Heisnotsuchafoolashelooks.

定語(yǔ)從代詞用as,不能用whichDon'treadsuchbooksasyoucan,t

句中understand.

Theywonthegame,aswehad

as和which都可以指代前面整個(gè)主句。

expected.

非限制如果有“正如，象”的含義，并可以放在

Theywonthegame,whichwehadn,t

性定語(yǔ)主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；

expected.

從句中而which引導(dǎo)的從句只能放主句后，并無

Asiswellknown,heisafamousfilm

“正如”的意思。

starinthe1980s.

IV.限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別:

類別語(yǔ)法意義及特征例句

對(duì)先行詞起修飾限制作用，如果去掉，主句意

限制性定語(yǔ)Theaccidenthappenedatthe

思就不完整明確，這種從句與主句的關(guān)系十分

從句timewhenIleft.

密切，寫時(shí)不用逗號(hào)分開。

對(duì)先行詞作附加的說明，與主句的關(guān)系不十分

非限制性定密切，較松散。從句和主句之間用逗號(hào)分開，Hismother,whomheloved

語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)插入語(yǔ)，不能用that引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系代deeply,diedtenyearsago.

詞做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)也不能省略。

定語(yǔ)從句

1.Thecharitieshavehelpedmorechildrenwiththemoneypeopleraise.

A.whoB.whatC.whereD.

which

2.DuFuguoisaheroisknowntomillionsofChinesepeople.

A.whoB.whichC.what

3.Themovie____IhaveseentwiceisTheWanderingEarth.

A.whoB.whichC.whereD.when

4.一HaveyouseenthefilmTheWandering力（流浪地球）？

—Yes.It'sthebestoneIhaveeverseen.

5.Iprefermusichasgreatlyrics

A.whoB.whoseC.thatD./

6.Notallchildren___watchthisvideowillbecomeascientist,butsomemaybecome

interestedinscience.

A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose

7.—Hey,Anna.WouldyouliketoseeTheWhiteStormwithme?

—Youmean,thenewpolicestory_____wasfilmedbyChenMusheng?

A.whoB.whatC.whoseD.which

8.Sweetwormwood（青蒿）isacommonplantinChinaandTuYouyouisthewoman

usedthespecialpoweroftheplanttosave__________lives.

A.which,millionsofB.who,millionsof

C.whose,millionofD.who,millionof

9/—Doyouknowtheboyoverthere?

—Theone_isholdingaball?Oh,that'smyneighborPhil.

A.whatB.whichC.whoD.不填

10.ThebookIreadlastnightwasfantastic.

A.thatB.whatC.whoseD.who

11.一Haveyougotreadyforthesoccergame?

—Yes.I'vedoneeverything____Icantowinthegame.

A.whoB.thatC.which

12.—TomorrowisFatherJsDay.What,syoursurpriseforyourfather?

—ThefirstthingIwilldoistomakeacardforhim.

A.whoB.whereC.whoseD.that

13.Chinaisgettingbetteratmakinghi-techproductscanbeboughtinall

partsoftheworld.

A.whoB.whichC.what

14.AlltheclassmatesenjoyedthecakeImadeattheparty.Itwasreally

delicious

A.thatB.whoC.what

15.Mr.Brownisateacherisstrictwithallisstudents.

16.Sittingdownafterawalkisrelaxing.Butwouldyouliketositonaseattell

youyourweight?

A./B.whoC.whomD.that

17.-Doyouknowtheman