牛津譯林版英語(yǔ)七年級(jí)上冊(cè)期中必會(huì)知識(shí)

譯林版七年級(jí)上冊(cè)期中必會(huì)知識(shí)不是所有的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)都考查固定用法，也會(huì)考查分析能力和思考能力如：todo表目的，可以放在任意句中haveapartytocelebrateitusesth.todosth.goouttohavedinner知識(shí)點(diǎn)在某的空閑時(shí)間inone’sfreetime他是我的偶像Heismyhero.我的偶像之一oneofmyheroes閱讀是有趣的事Readingisfun.if表示如果，后面的句子要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)other其他的與else的辨析：other后一定要加名詞（可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)或者不可數(shù)名詞）else后面不能加名詞（疑問(wèn)詞后面，whatelse;whoelse)(或者復(fù)合不定代詞后面，somethingelse;anythingelse)much和many表示許多，much后加不可數(shù)名詞，many后加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。同理：toomuch+不可數(shù)名詞；toomany加可數(shù)名詞；muchtoo加形容詞和副詞。（注意：沒(méi)有manytoo）much還可以表示程度,如like....verymuch;learnmuchabout;時(shí)間介詞：in+大時(shí)間in2016insummerinJanuaryin+普標(biāo)的早中晚：inthemorning/afternoon/eveningon+具體某天onSundayonJuly1stontheSchoolOpenDayon+具體的早中晚：onMondaymorningonthemorningofJuly1stonacoldmorningonawintermorningat+鐘點(diǎn)/年齡/節(jié)日：at8:00atnoonatnightdifferent不同的1)bedifferentfrom與……不同bethesameas與……相同2)different后面的名詞要注意復(fù)數(shù)keepdoing:一直做某事Hekeepsrunning.total短語(yǔ)：intotal總計(jì)，總共Ihave100booksintotal.atotalof總共Thereareatotalof100books.注意點(diǎn)：Thetotalnumberofthestudentsis54.beinterestedin對(duì)……感興趣beinterestedinsth/doingsth.begoodat=dowellinbein=beamemberofYou’rewele.不用謝。同義短語(yǔ)：Notatall.That’sallright.take費(fèi)時(shí)，需要......時(shí)間Ittakessb.時(shí)間todosth.lendlendsth.tosb.=lendsb.sth.辨析單詞：borrow（lend是借給別人，borrow是從別人那兒借過(guò)來(lái)）borrow短語(yǔ)：borrowsth.fromsb.keep借between在……之間辨析單詞：between在兩者之間among在三者及以上之間betweenAandB（賓格）both（兩者）都句型：1)BothAandB(注意：作主語(yǔ)時(shí)A和B都要用主格bothheandI；謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不用三單)bothof....(注意：of后面用代詞用賓格，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不用三單）They/Weboth(注意：both在be動(dòng)詞后，行為動(dòng)詞前，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不用三單）辨析單詞：all（all是三者及以上都，both是兩者都）both、all在句中的位置句型：Whatdoyouthinkofsth?你覺(jué)得……怎么樣？（詢問(wèn)觀點(diǎn)）同義句：Howdoyoulikesth?Exercise1)名詞：鍛煉不可數(shù)一套動(dòng)作可數(shù)練習(xí)可數(shù)morningexerciseseyeexercisesmathexercisesexercisebooks2)動(dòng)詞鍛煉Heseldomexercises.=Heseldomdoesexercise.each用法整理：1)Each+單數(shù)+三單：Eachstudenthasaputer.2)Eachof+the+復(fù)數(shù)+三單：Eachofthestudentshasaputer.3)They/Weeach+動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)：Theyeachhaveaputer.=Eachofthemhasaputer.家長(zhǎng)會(huì)theparents’meeting帶領(lǐng)某人參觀showsb.around來(lái)自efrom…/befrom(Do/Does…efrom…;Be…from…)去游泳/跑步/購(gòu)物goswimming/running/shopping今天是幾月幾號(hào)What’sthedatetoday?在…前面infrontof教學(xué)樓theclassroombuilding在第一層onthegroundfloor開(kāi)會(huì)havemeetings/haveameeting穿白色襯衫的那個(gè)男人thatmaninawhiteshirt我的朋友們的照片picturesofmyfriends從上午八點(diǎn)到下午五點(diǎn)半from8a.mto5:30p.m.各種各樣的書(shū)allkindsofbooks人稱代詞用法：▲主格用在動(dòng)詞前，動(dòng)詞介詞后用賓單數(shù)人稱排序：第二人稱>第三人稱>第一人稱you,TomandI復(fù)數(shù)人稱排序：第一人稱>第二人稱>第三人稱we,youandtheyteachusEnglish頻率副詞1)never（從不）,seldom（很少）,sometimes（有時(shí)）,often（經(jīng)常）,usually（通常）,always（總是）▲頻率副詞用在be動(dòng)詞后,用在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前。比如：Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers..2)其他表示頻率的詞：once（一次），twice（兩次），threetimes（三次）…3）對(duì)頻率副詞提問(wèn)用：Howoften…?比如：Howoftendoyougotothepark?seldom放在三單和動(dòng)詞中間時(shí)，動(dòng)詞仍要注意三單。Heseldomexercises.seldom是否定詞，some要變any，and要變成or。Iseldomhaveanybooks.Iseldomeatsweetsorfruit.向某人問(wèn)好/道歉/謝謝/再見(jiàn)sayhello/sorry/thanks/goodbyetosb是該做某事的時(shí)候了▲It’stimeforsth.=It’stimetodosth.是該某人做某事的時(shí)候了It’stimeforsb.todosth.玩得開(kāi)心▲haveagood/great/wonderfultime=havefun=enjoyoneself開(kāi)心地做某事▲havefundoingsth=enjoyoneselfdoingsth.=Haveagoodtimedoingsth.記日記keepadiary上課havelessons做課外活動(dòng)doafteractivities彼此聊天(havea)chatwitheachother對(duì)某人友好▲benice/good/kind/friendly/greattosb.open動(dòng)詞/形容詞letsb._______________2.wantsb.__________________(not)Howabout________________4.Thanksfor__________________tellsb.___________________6.havefun____________________haveagoodtime_________________8.Itisfun_____________________helpsb.___________________10.It’stimeforsb._______________havetime______________________12.Love/hate/like/dislike/enjoy_____practise________________________14.asksb._________________(not)wouldyoulike___________________16.go_____________________________whynot_______________________18.why______you_______(notdo)makesb._____________________20.needsb._______________________答案：1.letsb.do2.wantsb.(not)todoHowaboutdoing4.Thanksfordoingtellsb.todo6.havefundoinghaveagoodtimedoing8.Itisfuntodohelpsb.(to)do10.It’stimeforsb.todohavetimetodo12.Love/hate/like/dislike/enjoydoingpractisedoing14.asksb.(not)todowouldyouliketodo16.godoingwhynotdo18.whydon’tyoudomakesb.do20.needsb.todo21.動(dòng)名詞使用范疇：1)dancingshoesswimmingpooldrawingclub(動(dòng)詞在名詞前用doing)2)動(dòng)詞做主語(yǔ)3)介詞后面4)上述固定搭配某人最喜歡什么？What’ssb’sfavouritesth?=Whatsth.do/doessb.likebest?如：What’syour/Jim’sfavouritefestival?=Whatfestivaldoyou/doesJimlikebest?告訴某人關(guān)于某事tellsb.aboutsth.與某人談?wù)撃呈聇alkto/withsbabout/ofsth變式句型：Idon’tknowwhototalkto/with.Idon’tknowwhattotalkabout/of.Whodoyoutalktoaboutit?Whatdoyoutalkabouttohim?(為……)準(zhǔn)備好某物getsth.readyfor....getclothesreadyforwintersth.bereadyfor...clothesarereadyforwinter鐘點(diǎn)表達(dá)法：半之前用past分鐘數(shù)past鐘點(diǎn)數(shù)如：7:20twentyminutespast77:30halfpast7半之后用to距離下個(gè)鐘點(diǎn)的分鐘數(shù)to下個(gè)鐘點(diǎn)數(shù)如：7:45aquarterto8對(duì)……有好處begoodfor對(duì)……有壞處bebadfor辨析短語(yǔ)：begoodat擅長(zhǎng)于begood/niceto對(duì)某人很好給某人某物givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)：showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.writesb.Sth.=writesth.tosb.lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.buysb.sth.=buysth.forsb.makesb.sth.=makesth.forsb.早飯/晚飯/午飯吃……h(huán)avesth.forbreakfast/lunch/dinnerWhatdo/doessb.haveforbreakfast/lunch/dinnerTherebe句型Therebesth.+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)（注意be動(dòng)詞用就近原則）如：Thereisadeskandtwochairsineachroom.Therearetwochairsandadeskineachroom.否定句：Thereisno+單數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。Thereisn’ta+單數(shù)+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。Therearen’tany+復(fù)數(shù)+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。Thereisn’tany+不可數(shù)名詞+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。一般疑問(wèn)句：Istherea+單數(shù)+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)?Isthereany+不可數(shù)名詞+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)?Arethereany+復(fù)數(shù)+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)?特殊疑問(wèn)句：What’s+地點(diǎn)？Howmany+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+arethere+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)？Howmuch+不可數(shù)名詞+isthere+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)？注意點(diǎn)：Therebe句型絕對(duì)不能再用have。各種各樣的differentkindsofallkindsof表示建議的句型總結(jié)：Wouldyoulikesome....Wouldyouliketodo....Whatabout/Howaboutsome....Whatabout/Howaboutdoing....Whynothavesome...Whynotdo....Shallwehavesome....Shallwedo....CanIhavesome....Canyougivemesome....總結(jié)：表示建議的句型中some不用換成any，其次，動(dòng)詞形式也是重要考點(diǎn)。離某地不遠(yuǎn)notfarawayfromsp.考點(diǎn)：far和away的區(qū)別：在詞匯題里，far和away都翻譯為遠(yuǎn)，請(qǐng)看下列句型：befar(away)fromsp.beXXmiles(away)fromsp.總結(jié)：1)far和具體多少米不能共用。2)away可有可無(wú)，具體用不用看格子。3)有距離某地才加from,沒(méi)有距離某地不要from.如：Myschoolis500metres________(遠(yuǎn))frommyhome.Myschoolis__________(遠(yuǎn))frommyhome.從……中學(xué)到很多l(xiāng)earnalotfrom=learnmuchfrom了解很多l(xiāng)earnalotabout=learnmuchabout走路去某地gotosp.onfoot=walktosp.(home,here,there前不加to)坐公交車去某地gotosp.bybus=takeabustosp.=gotosp.onthebus騎車去某地gotosp.bybike=gotosp.onthebike=ridetosp.開(kāi)車去某地gotosp.bycar=gotosp.inacar=drivetosp.總結(jié)：by是介詞，后面強(qiáng)調(diào)方式，所以只能跟不加冠詞的名詞單數(shù)on和in也是介詞，后面強(qiáng)調(diào)具體的交通工具。（除了car用in，其余都用on）謝謝你的幫助。Thanksforyourhelp.Thanksforhelpingme.Thankyouforyourhelp.Thankyouforhelpingme.疑問(wèn)詞+todothinkaboutwhattowear注意點(diǎn)：1)這里的疑問(wèn)詞一般在句子中間，不會(huì)出現(xiàn)在開(kāi)頭2)請(qǐng)注意這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)：whattodo和howtodoit，看到其中任何一個(gè)即選3)注意動(dòng)詞后的介詞：Idon’tknowwhichroomtolivein.Idon’tknowwhototalkto/with.Idon’tknowwhattotalkabout/of.Idon’tknowwhichfloortoliveon.Ihope+that從句（注意沒(méi)有hopesb.todo)hopetodowish特殊疑問(wèn)句：結(jié)構(gòu)：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+......(注意如果特殊疑問(wèn)詞做主語(yǔ)，那么謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用三單，如：whatmakes;whogives...)一)特殊疑問(wèn)詞辨析：Thebookonthedeskismine.(針對(duì)特征提問(wèn)用which)Thebookisonthedesk.(針對(duì)地點(diǎn)提問(wèn)用where)Themanisateacher.(針對(duì)職業(yè)提問(wèn)用what)Themanismyteacher.(針對(duì)身份提問(wèn)用who)Igotherethreetimesaweek.(針對(duì)次數(shù)提問(wèn)用howmanytimes)Igotherethreetimesaweek.(針對(duì)頻率提問(wèn)用howoften)Itis5minutes’walkfromhere.(針對(duì)時(shí)間段+交通方式提問(wèn)用howfar)IwatchTVfor3hourseveryday.(針對(duì)時(shí)間段提問(wèn)用howlong)HowlongdoyouwatchTVeveryday?=HowmuchTVdoyouwatcheveryday?be動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的辨析：看原句，原句中有be動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，那句型轉(zhuǎn)換也用be動(dòng)詞或者情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。如果原句中用的是行為動(dòng)詞，那么如果是原形就用助動(dòng)詞do，如果是三單式就用助動(dòng)詞does。原則:劃線部分的單詞不能出現(xiàn)在問(wèn)句中，如果劃線部分是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，那么要改為相應(yīng)的do的形式，如：Igototheparkeverymorning.Whatdoyoudoeverymorning.I’mrunningnow.Whatare