浙江省部分校2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期5月份聯(lián)考英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省部分校2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期5月份聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AVisittheNewYorkBotanicalGardenTheNewYorkBotanicalGarden(NYBG)isanadvocatefortheplantworld.Wewelcomealltolearnabouttheimportanceofplantsandplantscience,andthejoyofgardening.UPCOMINGEVENTS·HOLIDAYTRAINSHOWTheNYBG’sHolidayTrainShow—afavoriteholidaytradition—hasbeenmakingmemoriesforover30years!Seemodeltrainspassthroughawonderfuldisplayofmorethan190replicas(復(fù)制品)ofNewYorklandmarks,eachre-createdfromnaturalmaterials.·T.H.EVERETT:ALIFEINPLANTSThroughT.H.Everett’sextensivearchive(檔案)heldbytheLuEstherT.MertzLibrary,weexplorethisinfluentialman’sextraordinarycareer,fromhismodestbeginningsinEnglandandearlytrainingattheRoyalBotanicGardens,Kew,tohispathtotheNewYorkBotanicalGarden.ADMISSIONAllvisitors,includingmembers,needticketsforentrytotheGarden.PurchaseattheGardenorreserveyourticketsinadvanceonlineanddisplaythemonyourmobiledeviceforquickerentry.PricingPublicMemberAdult$15FreeSenior(65+)$7FreeStudent(withID)$7FreeChild(2-12)$4FreeChildunder2FreeFreeOPENINGTIMES·January-July:10:00a.m.-4:00p.m.·August-December:10:00a.m.-6:00p.m.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoattheHOLIDAYTRAINSHOW?A.Celebrateatraditionalholiday. B.Tourthegardeninatrain.C.Watchamodel-trainsshow. D.Recreatelandmarkreplicas.2.Whatdoesthesecondeventfocuson?A.T.H.Everett’scareerlifeinplantstudy. B.T.H.Everett’sinfluenceonbotany.C.T.H.Everett’seducationalbackground. D.T.H.Everett’scontributiontothegarden.3.Whatistheadmissionfeeforanadultmemberwitha3-year-oldnon-member?A.Free. B.$4. C.$15. D.$19.〖答案〗1.C2.A3.B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了紐約植物園即將開展的活動及入場費(fèi)。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HOLIDAYTRAINSHOW”部分關(guān)鍵句“Seemodeltrainspassthroughawonderfuldisplayofmorethan190replicas(復(fù)制品)ofNewYorklandmarks,eachre-createdfromnaturalmaterials.”（觀看火車模型穿過190多個紐約地標(biāo)復(fù)制品的精彩展示，每個復(fù)制品都是用天然材料重新打造的。）可知，游客在HOLIDAYTRAINSHOW上可以觀看火車模型穿過190多個紐約地標(biāo)復(fù)制品的精彩展示，由此可知，游客在HOLIDAYTRAINSHOW上可以觀看火車模型表演。故選C項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“T.H.EVERETT:ALIFEINPLANTS”部分內(nèi)容“ThroughT.H.Everett’sextensivearchive(檔案)heldbytheLuEstherT.MertzLibrary,weexplorethisinfluentialman’sextraordinarycareer,fromhismodestbeginningsinEnglandandearlytrainingattheRoyalBotanicGardens,Kew,tohispathtotheNewYorkBotanicalGarden.”（通過LuEstherT.Mertz圖書館保存的T.H.Everett的大量檔案，我們探索了這位有影響力的人非凡的職業(yè)生涯，從他在英國的謙虛起步和在英國皇家植物園的早期訓(xùn)練，到他進(jìn)入紐約植物園的道路。）可知，第二個活動重點展示了T.H.Everett非凡的關(guān)于植物研究的職業(yè)生涯，由此可知，第二個活動的重點是T.H.Everett的植物研究生涯。故選A項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ADMISSION”部分表格中信息“Adult,Public:$15;Member:Free”（成人，民眾：15美元；會員：免費(fèi)）可知，一名成年會員的入場費(fèi)是免費(fèi)；根據(jù)“Child(2-12),Public:$4;Member:Free”（兒童（2-12歲），民眾：4美元；會員：免費(fèi)）可知，一名3歲的非會員的入場費(fèi)是4美元，經(jīng)過簡單計算可知，一名成年會員和一名3歲的非會員的入場費(fèi)是4美元。故選B項。BTiredofworkinginITandstayingthesameinAustralia,PauloCattancodecidedtomakeachange.In2015hestartedastrictbudgetsohecouldsaveupenoughmoneytobuyhisdreamKTM1190motorbike,acamera,andenoughfundstosupporthimselfforafewyears.Thenhegaveuphisjob,packedhisthings,andsetoffonanadventure,travellingtheworldonhismotorbike.Paulo,39,hasspentthelastfouryearsbikingthroughAustralia.SouthAmerica,NorthAmerica,andEurope,ridingupto12hoursadayandspendinghisnightsinhistentunderthestars.“AustraliaformewasmyfirstexperienceridinglongdistanceandIwasmind-blownbythebeautyoftheoldcontinent.”Paulowroteonhistraveljournal,“TravelingthroughLatinAmerica,IexploredtherainforestandlearnedSpanishandPortuguese.MexicohassomeofthebestfoodIeverhadandPeruisaninterestingplacewhereIcanenjoytheuniquelocalIndianculture,alsocalledIncacivilization.”Paulohasmanagedtokeephistravelsgoingbykeepinghisbudgettight,sohehasn’thadtogetajobforhistravels.Tokeepcostslow,heseldomlookedforaccommodationinhotelsandwentcampinginstead.Thankfully,themotorbike,whichPauloboughtsecondhandinAustralia,hasnotrequiredanymajorrepairssincehesetoff.Thejourneyisn’talwayseasy,butPaulohasneverlookedback.Sadly,theCovid-19pandemicputastoptohistravelsinGreecewhenhetraveledaroundEurope,andPaulohashadtospendthelastfewmonthsinItaly,hishomeland.Oncetheworldisbackupandrunning,heplanstoreturntolifeontheroadandexploreAsiaandAfrica.4.WhatdidPaulobegintodoin2015?A.Heswitchedhisoccupation. B.Hestartedatraveladventure.C.Hecarriedoutasavingplan. D.Hepurchasedtravelequipment.5.WhatdoweknowaboutPaulo’sjourney?A.HeenjoyedthebestfoodinPeru. B.Themotorbikeoftentroubledhim.C.Hegotajobtosupporthistravel. D.TheviewinAustraliaappealedtohim.6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribePaulo?A.Determinedandadventurous. B.Intelligentandeconomical.C.Ambitiousandidealistic. D.Humbleandknowledgeable.7.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Afitnessmagazine. B.Atraveljournal.C.Alifestylewebsite. D.Asportscolumn.〖答案〗4.C5.D6.A7.C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了PauloCattanco放棄工作，騎著摩托車環(huán)游世界的經(jīng)歷，雖然他的冒險旅程因為新冠疫情而不得不中斷，但是他從未放棄他的冒險夢?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“In2015hestartedastrictbudgetsohecouldsaveupenoughmoneytobuyhisdreamKTM1190motorbike,acamera,andenoughfundstosupporthimselfforafewyears.(2015年，他開始了一個嚴(yán)格的預(yù)算，這樣他就可以存夠錢買他夢想中的KTM1190摩托車，一個相機(jī)，和足夠的資金來養(yǎng)活自己幾年。)”可知，Paulo在2015年開始實施了省錢計劃。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“AustraliaformewasmyfirstexperienceridinglongdistanceandIwasmind-blownbythebeautyoftheoldcontinent.(澳大利亞對我來說是我第一次長途騎行的經(jīng)歷，我被這片古老大陸的美景所震撼。)”可知，澳大利亞的景色吸引了Paulo。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thenhegaveuphisjob,packedhisthings,andsetoffonanadventure,travellingtheworldonhismotorbike.(然后他放棄了工作，收拾好行李，開始了一段冒險之旅，騎著他的摩托車環(huán)游世界。)”可知，Paulo喜歡冒險，和第四段中“Paulohasmanagedtokeephistravelsgoingbykeepinghisbudgettight,sohehasn’thadtogetajobforhistravels.Tokeepcostslow,heseldomlookedforaccommodationinhotelsandwentcampinginstead.(保羅通過保持緊縮的預(yù)算來維持他的旅行，這樣他就不用為他的旅行找工作了。為了保持低成本，他很少在旅館住宿，而是去露營。)”可知，雖然預(yù)算緊張，但是Paulo沒有放棄自己的旅行夢想，所以說他很有決心，故選A。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了PauloCattanco放棄工作，騎著摩托車環(huán)游世界的經(jīng)歷，雖然他的冒險旅程因為新冠疫情而不得不中斷，但是他從未放棄他的冒險夢。由此可知，文章講的是PauloCattanco所追求的一種生活方式，所以文章可能選自一個有關(guān)生活方式的網(wǎng)站，故選C。CInrecentyears,townsacrossItalyhavebeenracingtolaunchplansaimedatattractingnewresidentstorevivethetowns.Fromabandonedhomessellingforaeuro,toready-to-occupyhousesatlowprices,therehasbeenatendencyforcompetition.ThepicturesquetownofPresicceisthelatesttoenterthegamewithaveryalluringoffer.Officialssaytheywillpaypeopleupto30,000eurostobuyanemptyhouseandtakeupresidency.Evenbetter,thehousesforsaleaspartofthedealarepricedaround25,000euros.Thecashmotivationisexpectedtobreathenewlifeintothedepopulatingtown,wherenewbornsarefewereachyear.PresiccetracesitshistorytotheMiddleAges,boomingduringtheRenaissanceasaprosperousplaceknownforitsfinewine,cheesesandcattletrade.Itgainsareputationasa“townofgreengold”forgreenolivetreesandoliveoil.Itslocationisincredible,surroundedbythenatureoftheSalentoareaandclosetobeautifulbeachesandclearwatersofSantaMariadiLeuca.“Therearemanyemptyhomesinthehistoricalcenterbuiltbefore1991whichwewouldliketoseealiveagainwithnewresidents,”sayslocalcouncilorAlfredoPalese.“Itisapitywitnessinghowourolddistrictsfullofhistory,wonderfularchitectureandartareslowlyemptying.”AccordingtoPalese,a2019merger(合并)withthenearbytownAcquaricatocreatethelargertownPresicce-Acquaricahasprovidedthemwithextramoneytoensuretheprojectcancontinueforyearstocome.“AfterthemergerasperItalianlaw,ourwiderterritorywillbeblessedwithmorepublicfunds,roughly1,000,000eurosperyearforseveralyearsforward,whichweintendtoinvesttorenewtheolddistrict,”saysPalese.Thetownhallhasalreadylaunchedotherplanstoattractmoreresidents,includingtaxbenefitstosetupnewbusinessactivitiesandbabybonusesforfamilieswithkids.8.WhatproblemdomanyItaliantownsface?A.Depressedhousingmarket. B.Financialcrisis.C.Fiercebusinesscompetition. D.Populationdecline.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alluring”inparagraph2mean?A.Conditional. B.Attractive. C.Formal. D.Reasonable.10.What’stheauthor’purposeofwritingparagraph3?A.ToshowPresicce’spastglory. B.TointroducePresice’straditionalculture.C.Toadvertiseahistoricaltown. D.TostresstheimportanceofrevivingPresicce.11.WhydidPaleseandAcquaricamergein2019?A.Tocreatewiderterritory. B.Togainmorefunds.C.Toattractmoreinvestment. D.TofollowItalianlaw.〖答案〗8.D9.B10.D11.B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了意大利各地的城鎮(zhèn)都在競相推出旨在吸引新居民來振興城鎮(zhèn)的計劃?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段最后一句提到“Thecashmotivationisexpectedtobreathenewlifeintothedepopulatingtown,wherenewbornsarefewereachyear.”（現(xiàn)金的刺激有望為這個人口日益減少的小鎮(zhèn)注入新的活力，這里的新生兒每年都在減少。）由此判斷，很多意大利小鎮(zhèn)面臨的問題是人口數(shù)量的減少。故選D。【9題詳析】詞句猜測題。第二段第二句提到“Officialssaytheywillpaypeopleupto30,000eurostobuyanemptyhouseandtakeupresidency.Evenbetter,thehousesforsaleaspartofthedealarepricedaround25,000euros.”（官員們表示，他們將向購買空房子并居住的人支付高達(dá)3萬歐元的費(fèi)用。更妙的是，作為交易的一部分，待售房屋的價格在2.5萬歐元左右。）能夠以更低的價格購買房子并且購買房子后還可以得到一筆費(fèi)用，這是一個非常誘人的條件！A.Conditional有條件的；B.Attractive有吸引力的；C.Formal正式的；D.Reasonable合理的。attractive(有吸引力的)符合文意，故選B?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。第三段第一、二、三句提到“PresiccetracesitshistorytotheMiddleAges,boomingduringtheRenaissanceasaprosperousplaceknownforitsfinewine,cheesesandcattletrade.Itgainsareputationasa“townofgreengold”forgreenolivetreesandoliveoil.Itslocationisincredible,surroundedbythenatureoftheSalentoareaandclosetobeautifulbeachesandclearwatersofSantaMariadiLeuca.”（雷西塞的歷史可以追溯到中世紀(jì)，在文藝復(fù)興時期蓬勃發(fā)展，以優(yōu)質(zhì)葡萄酒、奶酪和牲畜貿(mào)易而聞名。它因綠油油的橄欖樹和橄欖油而享有“綠色黃金之城”的美譽(yù)。它的位置令人難以置信，被薩倫托地區(qū)的自然環(huán)境所包圍，靠近美麗的海灘和圣瑪麗亞迪盧卡的清澈海水。）這三句提到了Presicce優(yōu)美的自然風(fēng)光和令人聞名的特產(chǎn)，說明這是一個非常宜居的地方，但由于各種原因有著很多空置房間。后文提到““Therearemanyemptyhomesinthehistoricalcenterbuiltbefore1991whichwewouldliketoseealiveagainwithnewresidents,”sayslocalcouncilorAlfredoPalese.“Itisapitywitnessinghowourolddistrictsfullofhistory,wonderfularchitectureandartareslowlyemptying.””（當(dāng)?shù)刈h員AlfredoPalese說：“在1991年之前建造的歷史中心有許多空置的房屋，我們希望看到新居民重新活躍起來。”“看到我們那些充滿歷史、美妙建筑和藝術(shù)的老城區(qū)正在慢慢清空，真是令人遺憾。”）當(dāng)?shù)刈h員希望這些美麗的地方不要被空置，因此通過展示當(dāng)?shù)氐拿篮脕砦嗟娜巳胱?，使得這個小鎮(zhèn)重新煥發(fā)生機(jī)。D項“TostresstheimportanceofrevivingPresicce.”（強(qiáng)調(diào)振興Presicce的重要性）該項符合文意。故選D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。第四段第一句提到“AccordingtoPalese,a2019merger(合并)withthenearbytownAcquaricatocreatethelargertownPresicce-Acquaricahasprovidedthemwithextramoneytoensuretheprojectcancontinueforyearstocome.”（根據(jù)Palese的說法，2019年與附近的小鎮(zhèn)Acquarica合并，創(chuàng)建了更大的小鎮(zhèn)Presicce-Acquarica，這為他們提供了額外的資金，以確保該項目可以在未來幾年繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。）由此判斷，兩個小鎮(zhèn)的合并是為了吸引更多的資金。故選B。DTreesnaturallyabsorbedCO?throughphotosynthesis(光合作用),releasingoxygen,storingcarbonfordecades,orevencenturies.BiotechnologyfirmLivingCarbonsayslabtrialsofitsgenetically-changedpoplartreestakeupmorecarbonandgrow1.5timesfasterthanunchangedones.Theteamaddedgenesfrompumpkintothepoplars,whichmakestheirphotosynthesismoreefficient,turningmorecarbondioxideintosugarstocreatewoodbiomass(生物量).Thoughthefirm’slabresultsarepromising,biologistswarnthathighgrowthratesarenotguaranteedinthewildasthepoplarscompeteforsunlightwithotherplantsandtrees.Genetically-modified(GM)supertreesmayalsoneedmuchwateringandfertilizertokeeptheirrapidgrowth.TheresultsareimportantgiventherateofclimatechangeandclimbingCO?levelsintheatmosphere.ButcriticssaythereareriskstoplantingGMtreesinthewildiftheyreproducewithothertrees,ornegativelyaffectotherplantandanimalspecies.LivingCarbonsaystreesareahybridthatcanonlyreproducefromcuttings,socannotcross-pollinate(授粉)withwildtrees.Ifthefieldtrialsaresuccessfulthenitwillstilltaketimetogetapprovalfromthegovernment.Onesixth,around135,treespeciesintheUSmayfaceextinctionduetoclimatechange,foreigninsectspecies,ordisease.AndeventhoughfieldtrialsofaGMchestnuttreehaveshownitsabilitytoresistsomeforeigndiseasethatwipedoutbillionsofAmericanchestnuts,itstillhasnotbeenapprovedforplanting.IfCO?storageistheaimthentherearespeciesthatalreadyfitthebill.California’sRedwoodtreesstoremorecarbonthananyotherspecies.Redwoodsarenotsuitableforeveryforestryplot,socreatingclimateadaptabletreesthroughreproducingprogramsthatfitintolocalecosystemsisthegoal.Butintherushtofixtheclimatecrisis,increaseCO?uptake,andcarbonstorage,GMsupertreesmaybepartofthatsolution.12.Howwasthepoplars’carboncapacityimproved?A.Byabsorbingcarbondioxide. B.Byproducingwoodbiomass.C.Byspeedingupphotosynthesis. D.Byengineeringtheirgenes.13.WhatisthepotentialdisadvantageoftheGMtrees?A.Theyreproducedwithotherplants. B.Itisimpossibletogetapproval.C.Itishardtogrowfastinthewild. D.Theyarenotcompetitiveenough.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“fitthebill”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Beunusual. B.Beavailable. C.Beunsuitable. D.Bevaluable.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SupertreesCouldBeClimateFix. B.SupertreesTakeupMoreCarbon.C.ChangeofGenesReduceCO?. D.ChangesofGenesBringsEfficiency.〖答案〗12.D13.C14.B15.A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了加利福尼亞的紅杉樹樹比其他任何物種都能儲存更多的碳。紅杉并不適合每一塊林地，因此通過繁殖計劃創(chuàng)造適應(yīng)氣候的樹木，以適應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)是目標(biāo)。但在急于解決氣候危機(jī)、增加二氧化碳吸收和碳儲存的過程中，轉(zhuǎn)基因超級樹可能是解決方案的一部分。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“BiotechnologyfirmLivingCarbonsayslabtrialsofitsgenetically-changedpoplartreestakeupmorecarbonandgrow1.5timesfasterthanunchangedones.(生物技術(shù)公司LivingCarbon表示，對其轉(zhuǎn)基因楊樹的實驗室試驗吸收了更多的碳，生長速度是未轉(zhuǎn)基因楊樹的1.5倍。)”可知，通過改造楊樹的基因來提高它們的碳容量，故選D?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thoughthefirm’slabresultsarepromising,biologistswarnthathighgrowthratesarenotguaranteedinthewildasthepoplarscompeteforsunlightwithotherplantsandtrees.Genetically-modified(GM)supertreesmayalsoneedmuchwateringandfertilizertokeeptheirrapidgrowth.(盡管該公司的實驗室結(jié)果令人鼓舞，但生物學(xué)家警告說，由于白楊與其他植物和樹木爭奪陽光，野外的高生長率并不能得到保證。轉(zhuǎn)基因超級樹也可能需要大量的水和肥料來保持它們的快速生長。)”可推知，轉(zhuǎn)基因樹的潛在缺點是很難在野外快速生長，故選C?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線短語下文“California’sRedwoodtreesstoremorecarbonthananyotherspecies.(加利福尼亞的紅杉樹比其他任何物種都能儲存更多的碳。)”可知，加利福尼亞的紅杉樹比其他任何物種都能儲存更多的碳，這說明如果二氧化碳儲存是目標(biāo)的話，那么紅杉樹是合適的，由此可推知，畫線短語意為“合適的”與B項“Beavailable.(可利用的；合適的)”意思一樣，故選B?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段中“California’sRedwoodtreesstoremorecarbonthananyotherspecies.Redwoodsarenotsuitableforeveryforestryplot,socreatingclimateadaptabletreesthroughreproducingprogramsthatfitintolocalecosystemsisthegoal.Butintherushtofixtheclimatecrisis,increaseCO?uptake,andcarbonstorage,GMsupertreesmaybepartofthatsolution.(加利福尼亞的紅杉樹比其他任何物種都能儲存更多的碳。紅杉并不適合每一塊林地，因此通過繁殖計劃創(chuàng)造適應(yīng)氣候的樹木，以適應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)是目標(biāo)。但在急于解決氣候危機(jī)、增加二氧化碳吸收和碳儲存的過程中，轉(zhuǎn)基因超級樹可能是解決方案的一部分。)”可知，文章主要介紹了轉(zhuǎn)基因超級樹可以幫助解決氣候危機(jī)，A項“超級樹可能修復(fù)氣候。”適合作文章標(biāo)題，故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Isyourglassofmilkhalf-fullorhalf-empty?Thissayingisoftenusedtotestpeople’soutlookinasituation;dotheyfocusonthepositives(ahalf-fullglass)orthenegatives(ahalf-emptyone)?___16___—andit’sknowntoboostyourwell-being.Whyisthinkingpositivelygoodforyou?Researchshowsthatpeoplewhoareoptimisticandthinkpositivelytendtoexperiencelessstressandcopewellwhenfacedwithlife’schallenges.Peoplewhoaremorepessimisticmayfindithardtobelievethatthesechallengeswillpass.Scientistshaveevenfoundthatthinkingpositivelycanmakeyoulivelonger.AccordingtoProfessorTaliSharot,beingoptimisticaboutthefuturecanmakeyouhappierandmoresuccessful.___17___Worryingislikeafirealarm.Everybodycanworryfromtimetotime.Worryingcanhelptokeepyousafe—ifyouwereneverworriedandwereoverlypositiveabouthowthingswouldturnout,youwouldn’trecognizerisks.“___18___It’slikeafirealarm,”sayschildpsychotherapistRachelMelville-Thomas.“Thetroubleisthatsometimesitgoesoffwhenthereisn’tahugedangertoface.”Whenthishappens,youcanfeelanxiousandhopelessaboutwhatliesahead.___19___Optimismisshapedbyyourgenes,whichcarrycharacteristicsinheritedfromyourparents,andbywhathappenstoyou.___20___Researchhasshownthatitcanhelptodraworwriteanoutcomethat’spositive—forexample,animageofyouplayingguitar,havingpassedyournextgrade.Imaginingthiscanmotivateyoutoworktoachieveit,suchaspracticingeverydayafterschool.A.Learntothinkpositively.B.Sometimesworryingcandoharmtoourhealth.C.Thewayyouthinkpositivelyornegativelylargelydependsonyourgenes.D.Worryingisourbrainwarningusthattheremightbesomethingthreatening.E.However,nomatteryourstartingpoint,everyonecanlearntobecomemoreoptimistic.F.Thinkingpositively,withabeliefthatmostthingswillturnoutwell,iscalledoptimism.G.This’sbecauseyoubelieveyourgoalsareachievable,whichencouragesyoutoworktowardsthem.〖答案〗16.F17.G18.D19.A20.E【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。主要介紹了積極的思考帶來的好處，以及怎么樣學(xué)會積極的思考?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Thissayingisoftenusedtotestpeople’soutlookinasituation;dotheyfocusonthepositives(ahalf-fullglass)orthenegatives(ahalf-emptyone)?(這句話經(jīng)常被用來測試人們在某種情況下的看法；他們關(guān)注的是積極的一面(半滿的杯子)還是消極的一面(半空的杯子)?)”以及后文“andit’sknowntoboostyourwell-being.(眾所周知，它能促進(jìn)你的健康)”可知，空處應(yīng)是講述積極的影響，所以F項“Thinkingpositively,withabeliefthatmostthingswillturnoutwell,iscalledoptimism.(積極地思考，相信大多數(shù)事情都會有好的結(jié)果，這叫做樂觀主義)”符合文意。故選F項?！?7題詳析】分析設(shè)空，位于段尾，應(yīng)是對前文的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Researchshowsthatpeoplewhoareoptimisticandthinkpositivelytendtoexperiencelessstressandcopewellwhenfacedwithlife’schallenges.Peoplewhoaremorepessimisticmayfindithardtobelievethatthesechallengeswillpass.Scientistshaveevenfoundthatthinkingpositivelycanmakeyoulivelonger.AccordingtoProfessorTaliSharot,beingoptimisticaboutthefuturecanmakeyouhappierandmoresuccessful.(研究表明，樂觀和積極思考的人在面對生活挑戰(zhàn)時往往會經(jīng)歷更少的壓力，并能很好地應(yīng)對。更悲觀的人可能很難相信這些挑戰(zhàn)會過去?？茖W(xué)家們甚至發(fā)現(xiàn)，積極思考可以讓你活得更久。根據(jù)TaliSharot教授的說法，對未來持樂觀態(tài)度可以讓你更快樂，更成功)”可知，G項“This’sbecauseyoubelieveyourgoalsareachievable,whichencouragesyoutoworktowardsthem.(這是因為你相信你的目標(biāo)是可以實現(xiàn)的，這鼓勵你朝著目標(biāo)努力)”符合文意，是對前文的總結(jié)。故選G項?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Everybodycanworryfromtimetotime.Worryingcanhelptokeepyousafe—ifyouwereneverworriedandwereoverlypositiveabouthowthingswouldturnout,youwouldn’trecognizerisks.(每個人都會時不時地?fù)?dān)心。擔(dān)心可以幫助你保持安全——如果你從不擔(dān)心，對事情的結(jié)果過于樂觀，你就不會意識到風(fēng)險)”可知，本段主要講述了擔(dān)心的好處，在根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Worryingislikeafirealarm.(憂慮就像火警)”，可知D項“Worryingisourbrainwarningusthattheremightbesomethingthreatening.(擔(dān)心是我們的大腦警告我們可能會有威脅)”符合本段主題，其中Worrying為同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D項。【19題詳析】分析設(shè)空，是本段的小標(biāo)題，是對本段的高度概括，根據(jù)下文“Researchhasshownthatitcanhelptodraworwriteanoutcomethat’spositive—forexample,animageofyouplayingguitar,havingpassedyournextgrade.Imaginingthiscanmotivateyoutoworktoachieveit,suchaspracticingeverydayafterschool.(研究表明，畫或?qū)懸粋€積極的結(jié)果會有所幫助——例如，你彈吉他的畫面，已經(jīng)通過了下一次考試。想象一下可以激勵你去實現(xiàn)它，比如每天放學(xué)后練習(xí))”可知，本句主要講述了，要學(xué)會積極的想象一些事情，也就是積極地思考，所以A項“Learntothinkpositively.(學(xué)會積極思考)”符合文意。故選A項?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Optimismisshapedbyyourgenes,whichcarrycharacteristicsinheritedfromyourparents,andbywhathappenstoyou.(樂觀是由你的基因塑造的，它帶有從你父母那里遺傳來的特征，也由你身上發(fā)生的事情決定)”以及后文“Researchhasshownthatitcanhelptodraworwriteanoutcomethat’spositive—forexample,animageofyouplayingguitar,havingpassedyournextgrade.Imaginingthiscanmotivateyoutoworktoachieveit,suchaspracticingeverydayafterschool.(研究表明，畫或?qū)懸粋€積極的結(jié)果會有所幫助——例如，你彈吉他的畫面，已經(jīng)通過了下一次考試。想象一下可以激勵你去實現(xiàn)它，比如每天放學(xué)后練習(xí))”可知，E項“However,nomatteryourstartingpoint,everyonecanlearntobecomemoreoptimistic.(然而，無論你的出發(fā)點是什么，每個人都可以學(xué)會變得更加樂觀)”和前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，且和后文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系。故選E項。第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Iwaswaitinginacheckoutline.Awomanandtwoboyswereaheadofme.Atthecashdesk,awhite-hairedmanhadbegunto___21___hisgoods.Thencamethe___22___.Sometimesit’sacustomerwithmultiplecoupons(優(yōu)惠券),orsomeonewhoforgotto___23___apieceoffruit.Fairenough.Onewaited.Buttoday,itwassomethingelse.Themandidn’thave___24___money.Sohebegantheprocessofchoosingwhich___25___tokeepandwhichtohandback.He___26___overeachonebeforekeepingorabandoningit.Wewaited.Longerlinessurgedahead.Eventually,his___27___cametoanend.Themanturnedbacktousasheleft,___28___andapologetic.We___29___offhischagrin(懊惱).Itcouldhappentoanyone.ButIhadnoideajusthow___30___thefamilyofthreeaheadofmewereuntiltheirturncame.Thewomanaskedthecashiertoaddallthe___31___goodstoherbillasquicklyaspossible.Thenthetwoboys___32___throughtheexitwiththesmallbagofgroceries.Whentheyreturned,itwasclearthattheirmissionhadbeen___33___.ThenIrealizedallittooktowitnessthisflashof___34___waswaitingalittlelongerinacheckoutline.Icouldhavecaughtthebus.ButIfeltso___35___onmyfeetthatIwalkedhomeinstead.21.A.bag B.list C.check D.receive22.A.question B.barrier C.difficulty D.conflict23.A.fetch B.slice C.weigh D.taste24.A.adequate B.pocket C.extra D.bonus25.A.tools B.items C.drinks D.snacks26.A.doubted B.glanced C.shifted D.paused27.A.delay B.evaluation C.checkup D.selection28.A.thrilled B.anxious C.embarrassed D.satisfied29.A.blew B.waved C.cut D.kicked30.A.helpless B.sympathetic C.patient D.annoyed31.A.expensive B.thrown-away C.left-behind D.major32.A.dashed B.slipped C.walked D.moved33.A.accomplished B.failed C.postponed D.started34.A.tenderness B.courage C.kindness D.tolerance35.A.fast B.heavy C.clumsy D.light〖答案〗21.A22.A23.C24.A25.B26.D27.D28.C29.B30.B31.C32.A33.A34.C35.D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在商店結(jié)賬時，遇到了一位錢不夠的老人，排在作者前面的女士和兩個男孩為老人留下的物品付了錢，送給了老人?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在收銀臺，一位白發(fā)老人已經(jīng)開始打包他的貨物。A.bag裝進(jìn)袋子；B.list列清單；C.check檢查；D.receive收到。根據(jù)上文“Atthecashdesk,awhite-hairedmanhadbegunto”可知，指在收銀臺打包自己要買的物品。故選A。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后問題來了。A.question問題；B.barrier障礙；C.difficulty困難；D.conflict沖突。后文“Sometimesit’sacustomerwithmultiplecoupons,orsomeonewhoforgotto”主要描述了在收銀臺會遇到的問題。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有時是有很多優(yōu)惠券的顧客，或者是忘記稱水果重量的人。A.fetch取來；B.slice切成薄片；C.weigh稱重；D.taste品嘗。根據(jù)上文“Sometimesit’sacustomerwithmultiplecoupons,orsomeonewhoforgotto”主要描述了收銀臺存在的問題，即有時是有很多優(yōu)惠券的顧客，或者是忘記稱水果重量的人。故選C。【24題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這個人沒有足夠的錢。A.adequate足夠的；B.pocket袖珍的；C.extra額外的；D.bonus獎金。根據(jù)后文“tokeepandwhichtohandback”可知，老人沒有足夠的錢買下所有的東西。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：于是，他開始選擇哪些要保留，哪些要?dú)w還。A.tools工具；B.items物品；C.drinks飲料；D.snacks小吃。此處指第一段中“hisgoods”提到的物品，他開始選擇哪些要保留，哪些要?dú)w還。故選B。【26題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他在每一個東西上都停下來，然后保留或放棄。A.doubted懷疑；B.glanced一撇；C.shifted轉(zhuǎn)移；D.paused暫停。根據(jù)后文“Wewaited.Longerlinessurgedahead.(我們等待著。排在前面的隊伍越來越長)”可知，他在每一個東西上都停下來，然后保留或放棄。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，他選完了。A.delay推遲；B.evaluation評估；C.checkup檢查；D.selection選擇。根據(jù)后文“Themanturnedbacktousasheleft”可知，老人終于選完了東西。故選D?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那人離開時轉(zhuǎn)身對著我們，尷尬而又抱歉。A.thrilled激動的；B.anxious焦慮的；C.embarrassed尷尬的；D.satisfied滿意的。根據(jù)后文“andapologetic”指老人因為耽誤了別人的時間尷尬而抱歉。故選C?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們揮手示意他不再懊惱。A.blew吹；B.waved揮舞；C.cut切割；D.kicked踢。根據(jù)后文“offhischagrin.Itcouldhappentoanyone”可知，隊伍后面的人揮手表示不在意，故選B。【30題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但我不知道前面那一家三口是多么富有同情心，直到輪到他們。A.helpless無助的；B.sympathetic同情的；C.patient耐心的；D.annoyed生氣的。根據(jù)后文提到這家人買下了老人的東西送給老人，可知很有同情心。故選B。【31題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這名婦女要求收銀員盡快把所有剩下的貨物加到她的賬單上。A.expensive昂貴的；B.thrown-away信口開河的；C.left-behind被遺忘的，遺留的；D.major主要的。對應(yīng)上文“beforekeepingorabandoningit”指老人丟下的東西。故選C。【32題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，這兩個男孩拿著那小包食品從出口沖了出去。A.dashed猛沖；B.slipped滑動；C.walked散步；D.moved移動。根據(jù)上文“goodstoherbillasquicklyaspossible”可知，時間緊急，這兩個男孩拿著那小包食品從出口沖了出去。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們回來時，很明顯他們的任務(wù)已經(jīng)完成了。A.accomplished完成；B.failed失??；C.postponed延期；D.started開始。根據(jù)上文“Whentheyreturned,itwasclearthattheirmissionhadbeen”可知，男孩回來說明東西已經(jīng)送到了，即任務(wù)已經(jīng)完成了。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我意識到，要見證這一瞬間的善意，只需要在收銀臺前多等一會兒。A.tenderness柔軟；B.courage勇氣；C.kindness善良；D.tolerance忍受。根據(jù)上文“ThenIrealizedallittooktowitnessthisflashof”指見證了這一家人的善良。故選C。【35題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但我覺得我的腳輕松，我走回家了。A.fast快速的；B.heavy沉重的；C.clumsy笨拙的；D.light輕的。根據(jù)后文“onmyfeetthatIwalkedhomeinstead”走路回家是因為感覺腳步輕松，故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ManyforeignersfirstlearnaboutChineseculturethroughnumerousChineserestaurants___36___(find)allovertheworld.ThesecondimpressionofChinesecultureisoftenPekingOpera,___37___masksarenowalmostsymbolicofChina.Manycountriesdesignposters___38___(use)PekingOperamaskstosignala“YearofChineseCulture”.___39___impressespeoplemostistheartisticbeautyofPekingOperamasks,whichservetwopurposes.Oneistoindicatetheidentityandcharacteroftherole.Forexample,aredfacemeansthatthepersonisloyalandbrave___40___awhitefaceidentifiesthepersonasfoxyandevil.Theotherpurposeistoexpresspeople’s___41___(assess)oftherolesfromamoralandaesthetic(美學(xué)的)pointofview,suchasrespectable,hatefulornobleetc.ZhangFei,aheroiccharacterfromThreeKingdomsPeriod(220-280),hasa___42___(face)designintheshapeofabutterfly—___43___perfectcombinationofpersonalityandartisticdesign.ThebeautyofthecoloranddesignofPekingOperamasksaddstotheattractiveperformance___44___stage.Therefore,PekingOperamasks___45___(adopt)asasourceelementindesigningmanyChinesefolkhandicrafts,posters,andfashions.〖答案〗36.found37.whose38.using39.What40.while41.assessment42.facial43.a44.on45.areadopted【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了京劇臉譜?！?6題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：許多外國人第一次了解中國文化是通過遍布世界各地的中餐館。動詞find和Chineserestaurants之間是動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞，作后置定語，故填found。【37題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：對中國文化的第二印象往往是京劇，京劇臉譜現(xiàn)在幾乎是中國的象征。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是PekingOpera，關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語，和masks之間是所屬關(guān)系，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)，故填whose?！?8題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：許多國家用京劇臉譜來設(shè)計海報，標(biāo)志著“中國文化年”。動詞use和邏輯主語countries之間是主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，作狀語，故填using?！?9題詳析】