【課件】Unit+4Discovering+useful+Structures+課件-人教版（2019）必修第一冊

Grammar

AttributiveClause定語從句1.ReviewthefoundamentalsaboutAttributiveClause,especiallytheRestrictiveAttributiveClause.2.PaymuchattentiontosomeminutedifferencesinAttributiveClause.3.Dosomeexercisestoputwhat’sreviewedintopracticeLearninggoals:Sheisabeautifulgirl.Itisacoffeecup.Itisaninterestingmovie.ItisanMp3playerofgoodquality.Heisafamouswriterwhocomesfromasmalltown.TheAttribute(定語):用來修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語、從句。Definition:Anattributiveclauseisusedtomodifyanounorapronoun.(用來修飾名詞或代詞的從句)1.單詞作定語時通常放在被修飾的詞之前，作前置定語。

Sheisabeautifulgirl.2.短語和從句作定語時則放在被修飾的詞之后，作后置定語.

SheisagirlcalledMary.3.如果是一個句子擔(dān)任定語，那么這個句子就是定語從句。

1.ThebeautifulgirlisMary.

這個漂亮女孩兒是Mary.(定語)2.Thegirlwhoisstandingthere

isMary.

站在那兒的女孩叫Mary.(定語從句)

Thegirlwhoisstandingthere

isMary.定語從句先行詞關(guān)系詞(())關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞who,whom,whose人

which,

whose

物that

人或物as

人或物when時間where地點why原因Relativewords2.Classification先行詞所指關(guān)系代詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞种髡Z賓語介詞+賓語定語人物whosewho/that(whom/who/that)介詞+whomwhich/that(which/that)介詞+whichwhose先行詞所指關(guān)系副詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?/p>

時間狀語地點狀語原因狀語時間地點原因whenwherewhy①who作定語從句的主語或賓語.

Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Theman

isspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主語who②whom作定語從句的賓語Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewoman

isateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewomen.分解作賓語whom④whose作定語從句的定語

(whose既可指人，也可指物).Iknowthegirl

whose

motherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’s

motherisateacher.作定語翻譯：Ihaveabookwhosecover（封皮）isyellow.whose2.which,that的用法which作定語從句的主語或賓語.Ilikethebook(which/that)youboughtyesterday.Thisisatruck（卡車）

which/thatismadeinChina.可省略③that可以作定語從句的主語和賓語.Thewoman

(whom/that)

theywantedtovisit

isateacher.可省略Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeeting

isaworker.Haveatry指出關(guān)系代詞（副詞）在定語從句中的成份：1.Theman____cametoourschoolisMr.Wang.()2.Thegirl____ImetisLucy.()3.Achild___parentsaredeadiscalledTom.()4.Ilikethebook____youboughtyesterday.()

who/thatwhom/who/thatwhosewhich/thatHaveatry指出關(guān)系代詞（副詞）在定語從句中的成份：1.Xiamenisacity___Ialwayswantedtovisit.

()2.The?book___?I?gave?you?was?worth（值）$10.

（

）3.

Iamstayinginthehouse___wasbuilt100yearsago.(

)

that/whichthat/whichthat/which1.只能用that的情況①序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾先行詞時

Tomis

thecleverest

boy

that

Ihaveeverknown.

Thisis

thefirst

play

thatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.③everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等不定代詞作先行詞時

Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.②先行詞被every,some,no,all,any,little,much等修飾時I’vereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.④先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時。

MrSmithistheonlyforeignerthatsheknows.

I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.⑤先行詞同時指人和物時關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(介詞提前).指人只用whom,

指物只用whichThisistheboywithwhomhetalked.Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars.2.不能用that的情況引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時Ireadthebook,whichmademegetalot.3.只用who的情況①先行詞是指人的不定代詞時，如one，anyone,noone,all,nobody,anybody,none等，或先行詞為those或被those修飾且指人時。Thestudentsyoushouldlearntfromisthe

one

whoworkshardandstudieswell.②一個句子含有兩個定語從句，且先行詞都為人時，其中一個定語從句的關(guān)系代詞是that，另一個的一般用whoTheboythatyoumetlastnightisthegroupleaderwhostudiesveryhard.

一、區(qū)分使用關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞Step1找出__________，分清它指代___還是___。Step2

分析定語從句缺何種成分（主、謂、賓、定、狀、補(bǔ)）Step3根據(jù)分析，選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞

1)缺狀語:2)缺主語/賓語:3)缺定語:小結(jié)：如何選擇關(guān)系詞？用關(guān)系副詞

when,where,why

用關(guān)系代詞

who,whom,that,which用關(guān)系代詞

whose先行詞人

物由when,where,why關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句。

1）分別在從句中充當(dāng)時間、地點、原因狀語。Iknowthereasonwhyhecamelate.我知道他為什么來晚了。

IwillneverforgettheDaywhenImetMr.Li.

我永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了遇到李先生的那天。Thisistheplacewherewelivedfor5years.

這就是我住過五年的地方。關(guān)系副詞

關(guān)系副詞=介詞+which：

when=on(in,at,during…)+which;where=in(at,on…)+which;why=forwhich.3）注意：IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheParty.Thefactorywheremyfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.NoneofusknowthereasonwhyTomwasabsentfromthemeeting.=onwhich=inwhich=forwhich(1)Thisistheplace_____________wevisited.(2)Thisistheplace_________

welived.(3)Iwillneverforgettheday______________wespenttogether.(4)Iwillneverforgettheday_________Imetyou.which/that賓語wherewhich/thatwhen狀語賓語狀語填入合適的關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞，并判斷其在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞帧?())(())(())(())5.Shetoldmethereason______________shewaslatefor.6.Shetoldmethereason_____shewaslate.6.Shetoldmethereasonfor_______shewaslate.which/thatwhy賓語賓語狀語which(())(())(())介詞后不能用that來做關(guān)系詞⑴Thisistheplace_______welivedfor5years.=Thisistheplace________welivedfor5years.⑵Iwillneverforgettheday______ImetMr.Li.=Iwillneverforgettheday________ImetMr.Li.⑶Idon’tknowthereason____hedroppedoutofschool.=Idon’tknowthereason________hedroppedoutofschool.Practice:關(guān)系副詞與“介詞+which”的轉(zhuǎn)換whereinwhichwhenonwhichwhyforwhich四、”介詞+關(guān)系代詞“引導(dǎo)的定語從句“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，關(guān)系代詞可用which,whose,whom,不可以用that。其選擇依據(jù)如下：

1.根據(jù)定語從句中動詞或形容詞等的習(xí)慣搭配。

IboughtagreatmanybooksonwhichIspentallmoneythatIsaved.

2.依據(jù)與先行詞的搭配。

Thisisthecamerawithwhichheoftentakesphotos.

3.根據(jù)所表達(dá)的意義。Thisisthepilotbywhommysonwassaved.Practice1.Therecorder___whichWangPingspentallthemoneyhasbeenstolen.2.Thisisthebook_____whichyouasked.3.Whenshewasaloneathome,Maryneededafriend_____whomtoplay.onforwith限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句Ilikedogswhoareugly.Thatisthegirlwhocamethismorning.Thatisthebeautifulgirl,whocametoseeyouthismorning.Thegirlcametoseemethismorning,whichwasunexpected.

that不能用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句Mr.Zhang,whocametoseemethismorning,isafriendofmine.非限制性定語從句是對主句進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明。五、由as引導(dǎo)的定語從句由as引導(dǎo)的定語從句

as可作為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞來引導(dǎo)定語從句。

1.such/so…as…像……一樣的，像……之類thesame…as…和……同樣的

Asweallknow,Johnisanhonestman.Suchpeopleasyoudescribearerarenowadays.Themanshowedussoheavyastoneasnoonecanlift.Themanshowedussoheavyastonethat

noonecanliftit.2.

…suchas…such為代詞，意思為“這樣的人/物”，as修飾先行詞such。ThisbookisnotsuchasIhope.3.thesame…as…(同一類)/thesame…that…(同一個)

ItisthesamebagasIlostlastweek.(同一類)ItisthesamebagthatIlostlastweek.（同一個）

幾點補(bǔ)充②theway①先行詞是those，指人，關(guān)系代詞用who；TheWHOcommendstheway(that/inwhich)Chinesegovernmentfightsagainsttheepidemic.Theway(that/which)youcameupwithatthemeetingyesterdayiswellworthtrying.

狀語主語/賓語thatinwhich×that/which⑤先行詞是表示地點的抽象名詞

position，point，case，stage，situation，atmosphere，activity，race，scene時，常用______引到定語從句.Wehavereachedapoint______achangeisneeded.Hegetsintoasituation———itishardtodecidewhatisrightorwrong.Wegottoapoint_______webarelyspoketoeachother.Shethinksdancingisagreatactivity_______everyonecanfindhappiness.Wewilldiscussanumberofcases_______beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.Theconflicthaddevelopedintoastage________thetwocountriesgatheringbigtroopsontheborder.⑥含有強(qiáng)調(diào)句的定語從句Wheredidyouhaveabigquarral?Itwasinthepark_____weoftenmet.ItwasonFridaywhenmymothercamebackthatIgotthefirstplace.當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)句和定語從句發(fā)生沖突時首選強(qiáng)調(diào)句Itwasinthepark_____wewentonacomtepition.定從中關(guān)系詞做主語時的省略問題Doyouknowthestudentwhoisstandingbythedoor?Thetreeswhichwereplantedbyuslastyeararegrowingwell.Theaccidentwhichhappenedyesterdaycausedalotofdamage.Thetemplewhichdatesbackto300yearsagowillberebuilt.非限制性定語從句和單句的比較1.IamreadingHarryPotter,_____isaninterestingbook.2.Hefailedintheexam._______madehisparentsangry.3.Hefailedintheexam,_______madehisparentsangry.4.Hehastwosons.Bothof________areteachers.5.Hehastwosonsandbothof———areteachers.6.Hehastwosons,bothof________areteachers.whichThiswhich×

thatthemwhom課堂檢測

一、語法填空：填入合適