職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類b級(jí)模擬43

職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類B級(jí)模擬43

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

1、Unlikethecommoncold,flutendstostartabruptly.

A.mysteriouslyB.seasonallyC.repeatedlyD.

suddenly

2、NormanBlarneyisanartistofdeepconvictions.

A.statementsB.beliefs

C.suggestionsD.claims

3、Sheeventuallymarriedthemostpersistentoneofheradmirers.

A.inawayB.induecourseC.intheendD.

inanycase

4、Thecarelessnesshassomebadeffectsonhisshow.

A.scoresB.resultsC.

influencesD.luck

5、Ticketsarelimitedandwillbeallocatedtothosewhoapplyfirst.

A.postedC.given

B.sentD.handed

6、Theplannedgeneralstrikerepresentsavitaleconomicchallengetothe

government.

A.animportantB.aspecificC.aquickD.atrivial

7、Thelittlegiftgraspedhermother*sarmasshecrossedthestreet.

A.understoodB.hadaholdoverC.tookholdofD.left

holdof

8、Shehasbeenthesubjectofmassivemediacoverage.

A.extensiveB.negativeC.expensiveD.active

9、Weproposetofurnishourownhouseaccordingtoourowntaste.

A.displayB.fix

C.paintD.decorate

10>Foreignmoneycanbeconvertedintothelocalcurrencyatthisbank.

A.alteredB.changed

C?boughtD.sold

11NManycitieshaverestrictedsmokinginpublicplaces.

A.limitedB.allowedC.

stoppedD.kept

12>Thecriminalgaveusa1onqchasebeforewecaughthim.

A.trialB.pursing

C.pursuitD.running

13>ThispoemdepictsthebeautifulsceneryofatownintheSouth.

A.praisesB.writesC.imitatesD.describes

14、InthebookAutobiographyofValues,theaviationheroCharlesLindbergh

revealshisparadoxicalandoftensoberingthoughtsonlife.

A.contradictoryB.poignantC.mysticD.paramount

15>Thelandcrabaforest-floorscavengernativetotropicalAmerica,migrates

tothewatertobreed.

A.dieB.swimC.mateD.hatch

第2部分：閱讀判斷

Common-coldSense

Youcan*tbeatit,butyoudon11havetojoinit.Maybeitgotthename

n

commoncold"becauseit*smorecommoninwinter.Thefactiszthough,being

colddoesn1thaveanythingtodowithgettingone.Coldsarecausedbythe

spreadofrhinoviruses,and,atleastSOfar,medicalscienceisbetterat

tellingyouhowtoavoidgettingonethanhowtogetridofone.

Childrenarethemostcommonwaycoldvirusesarespreadtoadultszbecause

theyhavemorecoldsthanadults-anaverageofabouteightperyear.Why-

dokidsseemsomuchmoreeasilytogetcoldsthantheirparents?Simple.

Theyhaven*thadtheopportunitytobecomeimmunetomanycoldviruses.

Therearemorethan150differentcoldviruses,andyouneverhavethe

sameonetwice.Beinginfectedbyonemakesyouimmunetoit-butonlyit.

Coldsareusuallyspreadbydirectcontact,notsneezingorcoughing.From

anotherperson*shandtoyourhandandthentoyournoseoreyesisthemost

commonroute.Thehighestconcentrationofcoldvirusesanywhereisfound

underthethumbnailsofaboy,althoughthevirusescansurviveforhours

onskinorothersmoothsurfaces.

Hygieneisyourbestdefense.Washyourhandsfrequently,preferablywith

adisinfectantsoap,especiallywhenchildreninyourhouseholdhavecolds.

Butevencarefulhygienewon*twardoffeverycold.So,whatworkswhen

acoughing,sneezing,runnynosestrikes?

Theoldprescriptionoftwoaspirins,lotsofwater,andbedrestisa

goodplacetostart.Butyou111alsofindsomeofthefolkremediesworth

trying.Hotmixturesofsugar(orhoney),lemon,andwaterhaverealbenefits.

16>Thename"commoncold"meansitiscommoninthewholeyear.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17、Itisbetterandeasiertoavoidcatchingacoldthantobeatit.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>Allthechildrenaregoodatholdingcoldvirusesandspreadingtoadults.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19、Apersoncannotcatchthesamecoldtwice.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Shakinghandsmayspreadcold,butnotsneezingorcoughing.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21NASlongasyouwashyourhand,itispossibletoavoidgettingacold.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22>Theoldprescriptionofaspirins,waterandbedrestisbetterthansome

folkremedies.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

CaringfortheOld

Theolddonothavetolookexclusivelytothepast.Relievedofsomeof

life*sresponsibilitiesandfortifiedbymanyyearsofexperienceandknowledge,

theymayhaveamuchbetterideaofhowtospendtheirtimeenjoyablythan

theydidintheiryouth.Andnotallenjoymentisrestrictedtothemental

orphilosophical.Healthyphysicalactivityremainsquitepossibleformost

ofuswellintoourlateryears.

Oldpeoplesometimesdisplaysurprisingfreedomandforthrightnessinthe

expressionoftheirthoughtsandfeelings,andanabilitytotransmitaffection.

Itisasthoughsomeoftheritualswhichconstrictusinearlierlifefall

away.

Butahigherpercentageofpeoplesufferfromemotionaldistressinold

agethanatanyothertimeinadultlife,andthegapbetweenneedandcare

isoftenfilledbydubiousmeasureszsuchasheavy-handedprescriptionof

medicine.Formanyyearsitwasassumedthatoldpeoplewerenotappropriate

candidatesforpsychotherapy.Butafewclinicianshaverisentothechallenge

anddiscoveredthatindividualandgrouppsychotherapyisjustaseffective

withtheoldaswiththeyoung.

Itiseasytounderstandwhyanearthquakecausesterror.Yetinoldage

theremaybeterrorofaveryprivatenature,asenseofdisintegrationsometimes

stemmingfrominnerconflicts,sometimesfromapremonitionofdeathorthe

fearofbecomingdependent.

Dependencyisagrimchoice：insecurityanddeprivationmustbeweighed

againstlossofautonomyandintegrity.Butifthereisnothingshamefulabout

thedependencyofababyorayoungchild,thereshouldbenothingshameful

aboutthedependenciesnaturalwitholdageanddiminishingphysicalresources.

Thecomplexityandimpersonalityofthebureaucraticestablishments,which

havethemeanstoprovidehelp,areoftenthreateningtooldpeople.Theyounger

generationtoday,ontheotherhand,willhavehadmanydecadestointeract

with"thesystem"bythetimetheyreacholdage.

Manyofus,includinghealthcareproviders,assumethatweknowwhatold

peopleanddyingpeoplewant,butourassumptionsareoftenareflections

ofourwonthoughtsandfeelingsbasedonpersonalinterpretationsofscanty

bitsofobservation.Suchassumptionsarereallyanexcusetoavoidclose

contactwiththeterminallyill.Assumingwe'*know"whattheywant,weobserve

ourselvesfrombeingwiththem,andsharingtheirthoughtsabouttheendof

life.

Wesometimesassume,wrongly,thatoldpeoplearetooconfusedorsenile

tobeawareofthenearnessofdeath.Inconsequence,communicationbetween

adyingandothersissubjecttoextraordinaryomissionsanddistortions.

"Protecting"thedyingfromknowledgeoftheirconditionoftenservestoprotect

usfromtheuncomfortableprospectoftalkingaboutdyinganddeath.Evasions

likethisonlyleadtoincreasingisolationatatimewhenemotionalhonesty

andunderstandingaremostneeded.

23>paragraph1.

A.Knowingbetterhowtoenjoylife

B.Freedominexpression

C.Psychotherapyeffectivewithsomeoftheold

D.Periodofgreateremotionaldistress

E.Dependency：agrimchoice

F.Guiltiness：dependency

24、paragraph2.

25、paragraph3.

26、paragraph5.

27>Oldpeoplemaywellbeactivein.

A.howtoshowlovetoothers

B.howtoshowangertoothers

C.yetweknowwearewrong

D.variouskindsofsports

E.butweareoftenwrong

F.thatoldpeopledependonothers

28、Oldpeoplesometimesknowbetter.

29、Itisanaturalthing.

30、Weoftenthinkthatweknowthefeelingofadyingperson,

第4部分：閱讀理解

弟Jm

ImmigrationandProblems

HundredsofthousandsofpeoplesupportingimmigrationfightsintheU.S.

filledstreetsalloverAmericainearly2006.ManyheldsignsandAmerican

flagsandaskedtobetreatedascitizensnotcriminals.Manyofthesesupported

legislationfromSenatorJohnMcCainthatwouldopenapathtocitizenship

toimmigrantswhowerealreadyinthecountryillegally.Proposedlegislation

fromotherpoliticianscalledforstrictermeasures,includingroundingup

undocumentedimmigrantsandsendingthembacktotheirhomecountries.

Canadianofficialssaythatimmigrationapplicationscontinuetorise.

Somewanttokeepthedoorsopen.Theyneedthelabor.About400,000immigrants

wereallowedintothecountryin2005,accordingtotheCanadianGovernment

statistics.However,allthisgrowthmeansthatcitiesneedtoadapt.Newcomers

don*talwaysmakeasmoothtransitionintojobsforwhichtheyareskilled.

Soindustriesareusingmentoringprogramstohelpnewimmigrantsfindproper

jobs.

WiththelargenumbersofundocumentedAfricanimmigrantsarrivinginthe

CanaryIslandsandshowingnosignofabating,theSpanishGovernmenthas

decidedtogettough.Therewillbenomoremassamnestiesforillegals,and

anyonecomingtoSpainwithoutpermissionwillbesentback,thegovernment

hasannounced.About23,000migrantslandedontheislandsin2006,andriots

haveeruptedinsomecrowdedreceptioncenters.Thishaspromotedlocal

authoritiestoappealtotheUnitedNationsforhelp.

France*snewimmigrationandintegrationlawgivesthegovernmentnewpowers

toencouragehigh-skilledmigration.Ittakeseffectin2007.Thenewlaw

authorizesthegovernmenttoidentifyparticularprofessionswhereFrance

hasatalentshortage.Thenthegovernmentwillhelptheseidentifiedemployers

findimmigrantworkerswithneededskillsorqualifications.Theselected

foreignemployeeswillbegranted"skillsandtalents"visas,validforthree

years.Butsomeconcernthatit111causebraindrainindevelopingcountries.

31、ManyimmigrantsswarmedintostreetsintheU.S.inearly2006,demanding

thattheyshouldbetreatedas.

A.animalsB.citizensC.civiliansD.criminals

32、SomeCanadianofficialswanttokeepthedooropenbecause

A.Canadaisindesperateneedoftalentedpeople

B.Canadacanfeedamuchlargerpopulation

C.Canadaissufferingfromlaborshortage

D.Canadaisamulticulturalcountry

33、WhathastheSpanishGovernmentdecidedtodo?

A.Helpimmigrantsfindproperjobs.

B.Letimmigrantsfreelyenterthecountry.

C.IntegrateimmigrantsintotheSpanishculture.

D.Taketoughmeasuresagainstillegalimmigration.

34、AfterFrance1snewimmigrationandintegrationlawtakeseffect,itwill

A.lureoverseasstudentsbackhome

B.underminetheunityofthecountry

C.draindevelopingcountriesoftalent

D.induceresentmentamongtheFrenchworkers

35、Thephrasalverb"roundingupninparagraph1couldbebestreplacedby

A.capturingB.encirclingC.separatingD.

frightening

弟一^扁

EffectsofExerciseonElderlyDiabetics（糖尿病人）

Mostolderpeoplewithso-calledtype2diabetes（糖尿?。ヽouldstoptaking

insulin（胰島素）iftheywoulddobrisk（輕快的）exercisefor30minutesjust

threetimesaweek,accordingtonewmedicalresearchresultsreportedin

aCopenhagennewspaper.Resultsfromtestsconductedondiabeticsatthe

CopenhagencentralhospitalRigshospitalet*sCenterforMuscleResearchshowed

thatphysicalexercisecanboostthebody1sabilitytomakeuseofinsulin

by30percent.Thisisequaltotheeffectmostelderlydiabeticsgetfrom

theirinsulinmedication（藥物治療）today.

Researchershadagroupofnon-diabeticmenandagroupofmenwithtype

2diabeteszallmorethan60yearsofage,exerciseonbicyclessixtimes

aweekforthreemonths.Afterthethreemonthsthedoctorsmeasuredhowmuch

sugarthetestsubjects*musclescouldmakeuseofasameasureforhowwell

theirinsulinworked.

AssociateProfessorDrFlemmingDelaoftheMuscleResearchCentersaid

thetestsdemonstratedthattheexercisingdiabeticshadmadeasgooduse

ofinsulinasthehealthynon-diabeticpersons.''Thismeansthattheinsulin

worksjustaswellforbothgroups.Physicalexercisecannotcurepeopleof

diabetes,butitcaneliminatealmostalltheirsymptoms.Atthesametimez

itcanputoffthepointatwhichtheyhavetobegintakinginsulin,nDela

said.

Insulinisahormoneproducedbythepancreas（胰腺）,controllingsugar

inthebodyandisusedagainstdiabetes.

Delasaidthattoachievethedesiredeffectdiabeticsneedonlyexercise

tothepointwheretheybegintosweat,butthattheactivityhastobemaintained

sinceitwearsoffafterfivedayswithoutsufficientexercise.

Mostdiabeticsrealizethattheyhavetowatchtheirdietwhileremaining

unawareoftheimportanceofexercisezDelaadded.

36>Whatistheeffectofexerciseonelderlypeoplewithtype2diabetes?

A.Itcanhelpthebodymakebetteruseofinsulin.

B.Itcanworsentheirsymptoms.

C.Itcanhelpthemtoeatmore.

D.Itcancurethemofthedisease.

37、Theexercisethattheresearcherstriedontheirtestsubjectswas

A.walkingbrisklyforthirtyminutesthreetimesaweek.

B.cyclingsixtimesaweekforthreemonths.

C.swimmingtwiceaday.

D.runningonceaday.

38^Theresearcherscheckedhowwellthetestsubjects*insulinworkedby

measuring

A.thebloodsugarlevelintheirbodies,

B.thelengthoftimetheycouldcycleatonebreath.

C.theamountofinsulintheytook.

D.theamountofsugartheirmusclescouldmakeuseof.

39、Itisrecommendedthatdiabeticsmaintainsufficientexercisesince

otherwise

A.theirsymptomswillgetworse.

B.thebloodsugarlevelwillgoup.

C.thedesiredeffectcannotbeachieved.

D.theirconditionwillbeoutofcontrol.

40、Itcanbeseenfrom”thepassagethatmostdiabeticsareignorantof

A.thenecessityofwatchingtheirdiet.

B.thesignificanceofregularexercise.

C.theneedtocontroltheirweight.

D.theconsequencesoftakingtoomuchinsulin.

第—二篇

ComputerNeedsEmotion

Thenextbigbreakthroughinartificialintelligencecouldcomefromgiving

machinesnotjustmorelogicalcapacity,butemotionalcapacityaswell.

Feelingaren11usuallyassociatedwithinanimate（無(wú)生命的）machines,but

PosalindPicard,aprofessorofcomputertechnologyatMIT,believesemotion

maybejustthethingcomputesneedtoworkeffectively.Computersneed

artificialemotionbothtounderstandtheirhumanusersbetterandtoachieve

self-analysisandself-improvementzsaysPicard.

"Ifwewantcomputerstobegenuinelyintelligentztoadapttouszand

tointeractnaturallywithuszthentheywillneedtheabilitytorecognize

andexpressemotions,tohaveemotionszandtohavewhathascometobecalled

emotionalintelligence.nPicardsays.

Onewaythatemotionscanhelpcomputerszshesuggests,isbyhelpingkeep

themfromcrashing.Today1scomputersproduceerrormessages,buttheydo

nothavea"gutfeeling"ofknowingwhensomethingiswrongordoesn11make

sense.Ahealthyfearofdeathcouldmotivateacomputertostoptroubleas

soonasitstarts.Ontheotherhand,self-preservationwouldneedtobe

subordinatetoservicetohumans.Itwasfearofitsowndeaththatpromoted

RAL,thefictionalcomputerinthefilm2002：ASpaceOdyssey,toextermine

(消滅)mostofitshumanassociates.

Similarly,computersthatcould"read"theiruserswouldaccumulateastore

ofhighlypersonalinformationaboutus-notjustwhatwesaidanddid,but

whatwelikelythoughtandfelt.

"Emotionnotonlycontributestoaricherqualityofinteraction,butthey

directlyimpactaperson*sabilitytointeractinanintelligentway,"Picard

H

sayszEmotionalskillszespeciallytheabilitytorecognizeandexpress

H

emotionszareessentialfornaturalcommunicationwithhumans.

41>AccordingtoPicard,emotionintelligenceisnecessarytocomputersbecause

A.itcanmakecomputersanalyzetheinformationmoreefficiently

B.itcanhelptoeliminatethecomputers*innateproblems

C.itcanimprovethemechaniccapacityofcomputers

D.itcanmakecomputersachieveabetterunderstandingofhumanusers

42、Anemotionallyintelligentcomputerislikelyto

A.haveasuccessfulinteractionwithhumanbeingsbyadaptingtotheir

needs

B.enablehumanbeingstoenhancetheirabilitytoexpressemotionsin

dailylife

C.automaticallyproducecorrectmessages

D.befreefromproducingmeaninglessmessagesinitsoperation

43、Thephrase"gutfeeling"(Para.4)mostprobablymeans.

A.intuitivefeelings

B.guiltyfeelings

C.confusingfeelings

D.unpleasantfeelings

44、Thefilm2002：ASpaceOdyssey(Para.4)ismentionedtoillustrate.

A.atypicalcaseofafictionalcomputerwithemotions

B.thenecessityofbringingcomputerswithemotionsundercontrol

C.thepossibilitythatcomputerswithemotionmightkillhumanassociates

D.thetroublesthatmightbecausedbycomputerswithemotions

45、Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutthecomputerswithemotions?

A.Theauthorhashighexpectationforitspotentialinthefuture.

B.Theauthorworriesthatitwillthreatenthesecurityofhumanbeings.

C.Theauthordoubtsitscapacitytointeractwithhumanbeings.

D.Theauthorbelievesthatitwilltaketheplaceofhumanbeingsinmany

aspects.

第5部分：補(bǔ)全對(duì)話

SomeUnusualCelebrations

Someholidaysarewell-knownallaroundtheworld.AmongthemareNewYear1s

Evecelebrations.Alsocommonaredaysinhonorofloveandfriendship,like

Valentine*sDay.Eachcountryhasitsownspecialholidays,too,oftento

markimportanteventsinitshistory.Schools,banks,andgovernmentoffices

allcloseondayslikethese.46Afewofthemarereallyverystrange.

Ofcourseztheyarenotstrangetothepeoplewhocelebratethem.Perhaps

thatisbecausethecelebrationshavelongtraditions.ConsiderAprilFool*s

Day,forexample.Nooneknowswhenorwhyitbegan.Todayitiscelebrated

inmanycountries—France,England,andAustralia,amongothers.Onthis

dayzpeopleplaypracticaljokes.47Theoneswholaugharetheonesplaying

thejokes.Thepeopletheyfooloftengetangry.Doescelebratingthisday

makesensetoyou?

DingusDayinPolandseemsstrangeztoo.Onthisday,itistraditionalfor

boystopourwaterovertheheadsofgirls.Hereisthestrangestpart：They

doittogirlstheylike.