20年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試試題提分沖刺卷「附答案解析」

20xx年高校英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試試題提分

沖刺卷「附答案解析」

20xx年高校英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試試題提分沖刺卷「附答案解

析」

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30

minutestowriteashortessayentitledWhoHasthe

MostImportantInfluenceontheYoung.Youshould

writeatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegiven

below.

1.有些人認(rèn)為家人對(duì)青少年的影響最大。

2.有些人認(rèn)為摯友對(duì)青少年的影響最大。

3.我的看法。

WhoHastheMostImportantInfluenceonthe

Young

PartIlReadingComprehension(Skimmingand

Scanning)(15minutes)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutes

togooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthe

questionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,

choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked

A),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethe

sentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

WillElectronicMedicalRecordsImproveHealth

Care?

Electronichealthrecords(EHRs)havereceiveda

lotofattentionsincetheObamaadministration

committed$19billioninstimulusfundsearlierthis

yeartoencouragehospitalsandhealthcarefacilitiesto

digitizepatientdataandmakebetteruseof

informationtechnology.Thehealthcareindustryasa

whole,however,hasbeenslowtoadoptinformation

technologyandintegratecomputersystems,raising

thequestionofwhetherthepushtodigitizewillresult

ininformationthatempowersdoctorstomake

better-informeddecisionsoramorassofdisconnected

data.

TheUniversityofPittsburghMedicalCenter

(UPMC)knowsfirsthandhowdifficultitistoachieve

theformer,andhoweasilyanEHRplancanfallinto

thelatter.UPMChasspentfiveyearsandmorethan$1

billiononinformationtechnologysystemstogetahead

oftheEHRissue.Whilethatismorethanfivetimesas

muchasrecentestimatessayitshouldcostahospital

system,UPMCisamammothnetworkconsistingof20

hospitalsaswellas400doctorsoffices,outpatientsites

andlong-termcarefacilitiesemployingabout50,000

people.

UPMCsearlyattemptstocreateauniversalEHR

system,suchasitsambulatoryelectronicmedical

recordsrolledoutbetween2000and20xx,weremet

withresistanceasdoctors,staffandotheruserseither

avoidedusingthenewtechnologyaltogetherorclung

toindividual,disconnectedsoftwareandsystemsthat

UPMCsITdepartmenthadimplementedovertheyears.

Onthemend

AlthoughUPMCbegandigitizingsomeofits

recordsin1996,theturningpointinitseffortscamein

20xxwiththerolloutofitseRecordsystemacrossthe

entirehealthcarenetwork.eRecordnowcontains

morethan3.6millionelectronicpatientrecords,

includingimagesandCTscans,clinicallaboratory

information,radiologydata,andapicturearchivaland

communicationsystemthatdigitizesimagesand

makesthemavailableonPCs.TheEHRsystemhas

29,000users,includingmorethan5,000physicians

employedbyoraffiliatedwithUPMC.

IfUPMCmakesEHRsystemslookeasy,dontbe

fooled,cautionsUPMCchiefmedicalinformation

officerDanMartich,whosaysthehealthcarenetworks

ITsystemsrequireahuge,ongoingefforttoensure

thatthosesystemscancommunicatewithoneanother.

OneofthemainreasonsisthatUPMC,likemanyother

healthcareorganizations,usesanumberofdifferent

vendorsforitsmedicalandITsystems,leavingthe

integrationlargelyuptotheITstaff.

Sincedoctorstypicallydonotwanttochangethe

waytheyworkforthesakeofacomputersystem,the

successofanEHRprogramisdictatednotonlybythe

presenceofthetechnologybutalsobyhowwellthe

doctorsaretrainedon,anduse,thetechnology.

PhysiciansneedtoseethebenefitsofusingEHR

systemsbothpersistentlyandconsistently,saysLouis

Baverso,chiefinformationofficeratUPMCs

Magee-WomensHospital.Butthesebenefitsmightnot

beobviousatfirst,hesays,adding,Whatdoctorssee

inthebeginningisthattheyrelosingtheirabilityto

workwithpaperdocuments,whichhasbeenso

valuabletothemupuntilnow.

Opportunitiesandcosts

GiventhelackofEHRadoptionthroughoutthe

healthcareworld,therearealotofopportunitiesto

getthisright(orwrong).Lessthan10percentofU.S.

hospitalshaveadoptedelectronicmedicalrecords

eveninthemostbasicway,accordingtoastudy

authoredbyAshishJha,associateprofessorofhealth

policyandmanagementatHarvardSchoolofPublic

Health.Only1.5percenthaveadopteda

comprehensivesystemofelectronicrecordsthat

includesphysiciansnotesandordersanddecision

supportsystemsthatalertdoctorsofpotentialdrug

interactionsorotherproblemsthatmightresultfrom

theirintendedorders.

CostistheprimaryfactorstallingEHRsystems,

followedbyresistancefromphysiciansunwillingto

adoptnewtechnologiesandalackofstaffwith

adequateITexpertise,accordingtoJha.Heindicated

thatahospitalcouldspendfrom$20millionto$200

milliontoimplementanelectronicrecordsystemover

severalyears,dependingonthesizeofthehospital.A

typicaldoctorsofficewouldcostanestimated$50,000

tooutfitwithanEHRsystem.

TheupsideofEHRsystemsismoredifficultto

quantify.Althoughsomeestimatessaythathospitals

anddoctorsofficescouldsaveasmuchas$100million

annuallybymovingtoEHRs,themereactof

implementingthetechnologyguaranteesneithercost

savingsnorimprovementsincare,Jhasaidduringa

HarvardSchoolofPublicHealthcommunityforumon

September17.AnotherHarvardstudyofhospital

computerizationlikewisedeterminedthatcuttingcosts

andimprovingcarethroughhealthITasitexiststoday

iswishfulthinking.ThisstudywasledbyDavid

Himmelstein,associateprofessoratHarvardMedical

School.

Thecostofgettingitwrong

Thedifferencebetweentheprojectedcostsavings

andtherealityofthesituationstemsfromthefactthat

theEHRtechnologiesimplementedtodatehavenot

beendesignedtosavemoneyorimprovepatientcare,

saysLeonardDAvolio,associatecenterdirectorof

BiomedicalInformaticsattheMassachusettsVeterans

EpidemiologyResearchandInformationCenter

(MAVERIC).Instead,EHRsareusedtodocument

individualpatientsconditions,passthisinformation

amongclinicianstreatingthosepatients,justify

financialreimbursementandserveasthelegalrecords

ofevents.

Thisisbecause,ifahealthcarefacilityhas$1

milliontospend,itsmanagersaremorelikelytospend

itonanexpensivepieceoflabequipmentthanon

informationtechnology,DAvoliosays,addingthatthe

investmentonlabequipmentcanbemadeupby

chargingpatientsaccesstoitasabillableservice.This

isnotthecaseforIT.Also,computersandnetworks

usedthroughouthospitalsandhealthcarefacilitiesare

disconnectedandoftenmanufacturedbydifferent

vendorswithoutastandardizedwayofcommunicating.

Medicaldataisdifficulttostandardizebecausecaring

forpatientsisacomplexprocess,hesays.Weneedto

findsomewayofreachingacrossnotjustdepartments

butentirehospitals.Ifyoucantmeasuresomething,

youcantimproveit,andwithoutaccesstothisdata,

youcantmeasureit.

Toqualifyforapieceofthe$19billionbeing

offeredthroughtheAmericanRecoveryand

ReinvestmentAct(ARRA),healthcarefacilitieswill

havetojustifythesignificanceoftheirITinvestments

toensuretheyaremeaningfulusersofEHRs.The

DepartmentofHealthandHumanServiceshasyetto

definewhatitconsidersmeaningfuluse

Aggregatinginfotocreateknowledge

Ideally,inadditiontoprovidingdoctorswithbasic

informationabouttheirpatients,databasesofvital

signs,images,laboratoryvalues,medications,diseases,

interventions,andpatientdemographicinformation

couldbeminedfornewknowledge,DAvoliosays.With

justafewofthesedatabasesnetworkedtogether,the

powertoimprovehealthcareincreasesexponentially,

DAvoliosuggested.Allthatismissingisthecollective

realizationthatbetterhealthcarerequiresaccessto

betterinformationnotautomationofthestatusquo.

Downtheroad,theadditionofgenomicinformation,

environmentalfactorsandfamilyhistorytothese

databaseswillenableclinicianstobegintorealizethe

potentialofpersonalizedmedicine,headded.

1.InAmerica,itisslowtoadoptinformation

technologybecause.

A)thefundsinvestedbythegovernmentisnot

enoughinthepast

B)EHRshavereceivedlessattentionofthepublic

inthepast

C)whetheritwillbeusefultodoctorsornotis

doubtful

D)UPMCknowshowdifficultitistodigitizethe

hospital

2.TheUniversityofPittsburghMedicalCenter

(UPMC).

A)isthefirstmedicalcentertoadoptinformation

technology

B)satisfytherequirementofthegovernmenton

informationtechnology

C)spentlessmoneyoninformationtechnology

thanitwasestimated

D)attemptedtocreatedauniversalEHRsystem,

butmetsomedifficulties

3.ThehealthcarenetworksITsystemsrequirea

lotofefforttoensureitcancommunicatewithone

anothermainlybecause.

A)theintegrationamongdifferentsystemis

largelyuptotheITstaff

B)UPMCislikemanyotherhealthcare

organizationsintheUnitedStates

C)UPMCmakesEHRsystemslookeasy

D)UMPCbegandigitizingsomeofitsrecordsin

1996

4.ThesuccessoftheEHRprogramisdecidedby.

A)thefactwhethertheinformationtechnologyis

availableornot

B)thefacthowwellthedoctorsaretrainedtouse

theinformationtechnology

C)notonlythepresenceofthetechnologybutthe

doctorstrainingontechnology

D)thefactwhetherphysicianscanseethe

benefitsofusingEHRsystems

5.Themostimportantreasonofmosthospitals

beingreluctanttoadoptEHRsystemisthat.

A)thecostistoohighforthehospitaltoafford

B)physiciansareunwillingtoadoptit

C)thereisalackofstaffwithadequateIT

expertise

D)doctorworryaboutitsnegativeinfluenceon

patients

6.AccordingtothestudyledbyDavid

HimmelsteinthroughhealthIT.

A)itispossibletocutthecostsofthehospital

B)itispossibletoimprovethehealthcare

C)itensureneithercostsavingnorimprovement

incare

D)itcouldsaveasmuchas$100millionannually

7.Thehospitalsmanagerspreferto.

A)spendmoneyonanexpensivepieceof

equipmentthanoninformationtechnology

B)chargepatientsaccesstotheinformation

technologyasabillableservice

C)purchasetheinformationtechnologyto

improvethehealthcareofthehospital

D)investmoremoneyonthetrainingofthe

physicianstochargepatientsmoremoney

8.Jhasaidthemereactofimplementingthe

technologyguarantees.

9.DAvoliosaystheinvestmentonlabequipment

canbemadeupby.

10.Databasesofvitalsigns,images,laboratory

values,medications,diseases,interventions,and

patientdemographicinformationcouldbe

PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)

(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassage

with5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthe

passagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsor

completethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

PleasewriteyouranswersonAnswerSheet2.

Questions47to51arebasedonthefollowing

passage.

Currently,thereareanincreasingnumberofnew

typesofsmalladvertisementbecomingincreasingly

commoninnewspaperclassifiedcolumns.Itis

sometimesplacedamongsituationsvacant,althoughit

doesnotofferanyoneajob,andsometimesitappears

amongsituationswanted,althoughitisnotplacedby

someonelookingforajob,either.Whatitdoesisto

offerhelpinapplyingforajob.

Contactusbeforewritingyourapplication,or

Makeuseofourlongexperienceinpreparingyour

curriculumvitaeorjobhistory,ishowitisusually

expressed.Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsucha

specializedserviceis,ofcourse,areflectiononthe

currenthighlevelsofunemployment.Itisalsoan

indicationofthegrowingimportanceofthecurriculum

vitae(orjobhistory),withthesuggestionthatitmay

nowqualifyasanartforminitsownright.

Therewasatimewhenjobseekerssimplywrote

lettersofapplication.Justputdownyourname,

address,ageandwhetheryouhavepassedanyexams,

wasabouttheaveragelevelofadviceofferedtoyoung

peopleapplyingfortheirfirstjobswhenIleftschool.

Theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,

everythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedforthe

interview.Andinthosedaysoffullemploymentthe

techniqueworked.Theletterprovedthatyoucould

writeandwereavailableforwork.Youreagerfaceand

intelligentrepliesdidtherest.

Later,asyoumoveduptheladder,something

slightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvice

thenwastoputsomethingintheletterwhichwould

distinguishyoufromtherest.Itmightbethe

aggressiveapproach.Yoursearchisover.Iamthe

personyouarelookingfor,wasawidelyusedtrickthat

occasionallysucceeded.Oritmightbesomespecial

featurespeciallydesignedforthejobinterview.

Thereisnodoubt,however,thatitisthe

increasingnumberofapplicantswithuniversity

educationatallpointsintheprocessofengagingstaff

thathasledtothegreaterimportanceofthe

curriculumvitae.

47.Thereareanincreasingnumberofnewtypes

ofsmalladvertisementinnewspapercolumns.

48.Nowadaysademandforthisspecializedtype

ofservicehasbeencreatedbecause.

49.Inthepastitwasexpectedthatfirstjob

hunterswould.

50.Later,asonewentontoapplyformore

importantjobs,onewasadvisedtoincludein

theletter.

51.Thecurriculumvitaehasbecomesuchan

importantdocumentbecause.

SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.

Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsor

unfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefour

choicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideon

thebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteron

AnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions52to56arebasedonthefollowing

passage.

Computersarenowemployedinanincreasing

numberoffieldsinourdailylife.Computershavebeen

taughttoplaynotonlycheckers,butalso

championshipchess,whichisafairlyaccurateyardstick

formeasuringthecomputersprogressintheabilityto

learnfromexperience.

Becausethegamerequireslogicalreasoning,

chesswouldseemtobeperfectlysuitedtothe

computer.Allaprogrammerhastodoistogivethe

computeraprogramevaluatingtheconsequencesof

everypossibleresponsetoeverypossiblemove,and

thecomputerwillwineverytime.Intheorythisisa

sensibleapproach;inpracticeitisimpossible.Today,a

powerfulcomputercananalyze40,000movesasecond.

Thatisanimpressivespeed.Buttherearean

astronomicalnumberofpossiblemovesin

chessliterallytrillions.Evenifsuchaprogramwere

written(andintheoryitcouldbe,givenenoughpeople

andenoughtime),thereisnocomputercapableof

holdingthatmuchdata.

Therefore,ifthecomputeristocompeteat

championshiplevels,itmustbeprogrammedto

functionwithlessthancompletedata.Itmustbeable

tolearnfromexperience,tomodifyitsownprogram,

todealwitharelativelyunstructuredsituationina

word,tothinkforitself.Infact,thiscanbedone.

Chess-playingcomputershaveyettodefeatworld

championchessplayers,butseveralhavebeaten

humanplayersofonlyslightlylowerranks.The

computershavehadprogramstocarrythemthrough

theearly,mechanicalstagesoftheirchessgames.But

theyhavegoneonfromtheretoreasonandlearn,and

sometimestowinthegame.

Thereareotherproofsthatcomputerscanbe

programmedtolearn,butthisexampleissufficientto

demonstratethepoint.Granted,winningagameof

chessisnotanearthshakingeventevenwhena

computerdoesit.Buttherearemanyserioushuman

problems,whichcanbefruitfullyapproachedasgames.

TheDefenseDepartmentusescomputerstoplaywar

gamesandworkoutstrategiesfordealingwith

internationaltensions.Otherproblemsinternational

andinterpersonalrelations,ecologyandeconomics,

andtheever-increasingthreatofworldfaminecan

perhapsbesolvedbythejointeffortsofhumanbeings

andtrulyintelligentcomputers.

52.Accordingtothepassage,computerscannot

beusedto.

A)solvethethreatofworldfamine

B)easeinternationaltension

C)defeatworldchampionchessplayer

D)workoutsolutionstotheindustrialproblems

53.Intheauthorsopinion,.

A)playingchessshowscomputersprogramhas

beendevelopedintoanewstage

B)itispracticallypossiblenowthatcomputercan

wineverychessgamenow

C)computersevenwithlessthancompletedata

canbeprogrammedtodefeattheworldchampion

chessplayer

D)computerscanbeprogrammedtoplayand

reasonbutnotlearn

54.Theauthorsattitudetowardthefutureuseof

computeris.

A)negative

B)positive

C)indifferent

D)critical

55.Inordertothink,computershould.

A)beprogrammedtohavemorethanenough

data

B)learnfromtheexperienceandtoreason

C)dealwithalltheunstructuredsituation

D)predicateeverymoveinthechess

56.Today,thechess-playingcomputercanbe

programmedto.

A)havetrillionsofresponsesinasecondtoeach

possiblemoveandwinthegame

B)storecompletedataandbeatthebestplayers

C)learnfromchess-playingintheearlystageand

goontowinthegame

D)predicateeverypossiblemovebutmayfailto

givetherightresponseeachtime

PassageTwo

Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowing

passage.

Largeanimalsthatinhabitthedeserthaveevolved

anumberofadaptationsforreducingtheeffectsof

extremeheat.Oneadaptationistobelightincolor,

andtoreflectratherthanabsorbthesunsrays.Desert

mammalsalsodepartfromthenormalmammalian

practiceofmaintainingaconstantbodytemperature.

Insteadoftryingtokeepdownthebodytemperature

deepinsidethebody,whichwouldinvolvethe

expenditureofwaterandenergy,desertmammals

allowtheirtemperaturestorisetowhatwould

normallybefeverheight,andtemperaturesashighas

46degreesCelsiushavebeenmeasuredinGrants

gazelles.Theoverheatedbodythencoolsdownduring

thecolddesertnight,andindeedthetemperaturemay

fallunusuallylowbydawn,aslowas34degrees

Celsiusinthecamel.Thisisanadvantagesincethe

heatofthefirstfewhoursofdaylightisabsorbedin

warmingupthebody,andanexcessivebuildupofheat

doesnotbeginuntilwellintotheday.

Anotherstrategyoflargedesertanimalsisto

toleratethelossofbodywatertoapointthatwould

befatalfornon-adaptedanimals.Thecamelcanlose

upto30percentofitsbodyweightaswaterwithout

harmtoitself,whereashumanbeingsdieafterlosing

only12to13percentoftheirbodyweight.Anequally

importantadaptationistheabilitytoreplenishthis

waterlossatonedrink.Desertanimalscandrinkhuge

volumesinashorttime,andcamelshavebeenknown

toimbibe（吸?。﹐ver100litersinafewminutes.A

verydehydratedperson,ontheotherhand,cannot

drinkenoughwatertorehydrateatonesession,

becausethehumanstomachisnotsufficientlybigand

becauseatoorapiddilutionofthebodyfluidscauses

deathfromwaterintoxication.Thetoleranceofwater

lossisofobviousadvantageinthedesert,asanimals

donothavetoremainnearawaterholebutcanobtain

foodfromgrazingsparsepastures.Desert-adapted

mammalshavethefurtherabilitytofeednormally

whenextremelydehydrated.Itisacommon

experienceinpeoplethatappetiteislostevenunder

conditionsofmoderatethirst.

57.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A)Animalsdevelopeddifferentstrategiesto

survive.

B)Largeanimalscantakestrategiestoreducethe

effectofextremeheat.

C)Animalscantoleratethelossofbodywater.

D)Averydehydratedpersoncandrinkenough

watertorehydrate.

58.Whylightincolorisimportanttolargeanimals

indeserts?

A)Ithelpedthemmaintainaconstantnormal

bodytemperature.

B)Itreflectsratherthanabsorbsthesun-light.

C)Ithelpsthemseetheirpeersatnight.

D)Ithelpsthemkeepcoolduringthenight.

59.Whatwillbefataltonon-adaptedanimals?

A)Keepinganormalbodytemperature.

B)Drinkingpollutedwater.

C)Drinkinghugevolumesofwaterinashorttime.

D)Feedingwhendehydrated.

60.Whatdoestheauthorimplyabout

desert-adaptedmammals?

A)Theydonotneedtoeatmuchfood.

B)Theycaneatlargequantitiesquickly.

C)Theyeasilylosetheirappetites.

D)Theycantravellongdistanceslookingforfood.

61.Whatisthefollowingstrategynotmentioned

bytheauthor?

A)Thebodytemperaturecanbeextremelyhigh

andcold.

B)Toleratethelossofbodywaterandreplenishit

immediately.

C)Lostappetiteundertheconditionofmoderate

thirsty.

D)Tobelightincolor.

PartVCloze(5minutes)

Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowing

passage.Foreachblanktherearefourchoicesmarked

A),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.You

shouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.

ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Memoryisaspecialthinginourlife.Whatsyour

earliestchildhoodmemory?Canyouremember

learningtowalk?Ortalk?Thefirsttimeyou62thunder

orwatchedatelevisionprogram?Adultsseldom63

eventsmuchearlierthantheyearorsobeforeentering

school,justaschildrenyoungerthanthreeorfour64

retainanyspecific,personalexperiences.Avarietyof

explanationshavebeen65bypsychologistsforthis

childhoodamnesia(兒童失憶癥).Onearguesthatthe

hippocampus,theregionofthebrainwhichis

responsibleforformingmemories,doesnotmature66

abouttheageoftwo.Butthemostpopulartheory67

that,sinceadultsdonotthinklikechildren,theycan

not68childhoodmemories.Adultsthinkinwords,and

theirlifememories,arelikestoriesor69oneevent

follows70asinanovelorfilm.Butwhentheysearch

throughtheirmental71forearlychildhoodmemories

toaddtothisverballifestory,theydontfindanythat

fitsthe72.ItsliketryingtofindaChinesewordinan

Englishdictionary.

NowpsychologistAnnetteSimmsoftheNewYork

StateUniversityoffersanew73forchildhoodamnesia.

Shearguesthattheresimply74anyearlychildhood

memoriestorecall.AccordingtoDr.Simms,children

needtolearntouse75spokendescriptionoftheir

personalexperiencesinordertoturntheirown

short-term,quickly76impressionsoftheminto

long-termmemories.Inother77,childrenhavetotalk

abouttheirexperiencesandhearotherstalkabout78

Mothertalkingabouttheafternoon79lookingfor

seashellsatthebeachorDadaskingthemabouttheir

dayatOceanPark.Withoutthis80reinforcement,says

Dr.Simms,childrencannotform81memoriesoftheir

personalexperiences.

62.A)listenedB)feltC)touchedD)heard

63.A)involveB)interpretC)recallD)resolve

64.A)largelyB)rarelyC)merelyD)really

65.A)canceledB)figuredC)proposedD)

witnessed

66.A)untilB)onceC)afterD)since

67.A)magnifiesB)intervenesC)containsD)

maintains

68.A)reflectB)attainC)accessD)refer

69.A)narrativesB)forecastsC)regulationsD)

descriptions

70.A)therestB)anotherC)theotherD)others

71.A)outputsB)dreamsC)flashesD)files

72.A)footstepB)patternC)frameD)landscape

73.A)emphasisB)arrangementC)explanationD)

factor

74.A)arentB)werentC)isntD)wasnt

75.A)anyoneelseB)anyoneelsesC)someelseD)

someoneelses

76.A)forgottenB)rememberedC)forgettingD)

remembering

77.A)sensesB)casesC)wordsD)means

78.A)himB)theirsC)itD)them

79.A)usedB)chosenC)takenD)spent

80.A)habitualB)verbalC)prettyD)mutual

81.A)permanentB)consciousC)subordinateD)

spiritual

PartVITranslation(5minutes)

Directions:Completethesentencesbytranslating

intoEnglishtheChinesegiveninbrackets.Pleasewrite

yourtranslationonAnswerSheet2.

82.Childrenarevery

eagerinthefilm(成為

像電影中英雄那樣強(qiáng)壯英勇的人).

83.Theessenceofthescientificattitudeis

.(人類確定能將宇

宙探究清楚).

84.Itisthat

keepsfreedomalive(是沖突而不是確定的全都).

85.Withfulldetermination,weare

__________________________________(有實(shí)力最終

解決這個(gè)麻煩的問(wèn)題).

86.Therewassomething

abouttheplan

thatpleasedallofthem（富于制造性，獨(dú)出心裁，很有

氣概）.

PartIWriting

青少年的成長(zhǎng)始終是一個(gè)有爭(zhēng)議的話題，有人認(rèn)

為家庭的影響至關(guān)重要，會(huì)作用于青少年的一生;也有

人認(rèn)為“人以群分'，摯友在青少年的成長(zhǎng)發(fā)育過(guò)程中

具有不行替代的影響作用。

高校生也屬于青少年，閱歷著成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中父母和

摯友的影響。本篇作文以考生自身為題材，難度不大。

文章開(kāi)篇提出在青少年成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中，很多人都起

到了特殊重要的作用。一部分人認(rèn)為父母重要，其緣

由在于孩子從小和父母在一起，他們受到很大影響而

不自知。

其次段探討不同的觀點(diǎn)，即認(rèn)為同齡人對(duì)青少年

的影響更大。因?yàn)榍嗌倌陮檺?ài)和摯友一起玩，寵愛(ài)相

互學(xué)習(xí)，寵愛(ài)追逐流行。

第三段談?wù)摫救说挠^點(diǎn)。首先確定兩方觀點(diǎn)都有

合理的部分，青少年孩提時(shí)代和父母在一起，父母的

所作所為為孩子以后的進(jìn)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)，也影響了孩

子的價(jià)值觀和世界觀。當(dāng)孩子長(zhǎng)大時(shí)，他們須要獨(dú)立

和認(rèn)同，須要得到同齡人的認(rèn)可，受到摯友的影響更

多一些。所以得出結(jié)論：父母和摯友對(duì)青少年的影響

都很大，只是在不同的階段。

Manypartiesareoccupyingimportantpositionsin

thegrowthoftheyoung.Somepeoplethinkthatthe

parentsarethemostessentialinthisprocess,arguing

thattheyounghavebeentogetherwiththeirparents

sincebirthandthattheyareinfluencedwithouttheir

notice.

Otherpeopleholdtheopinionthatthepeersof

theyoungplayamajorroleintheirgrowingup.The

youngprefertohangoutwiththeirfriends,liketo

learnfromoneanother,andaremorelikelytofollow

theso-calledfashion.

Ofcourse,bothviewshaveanelementofreason.

Inthefirstfewyearsoflife,theyoungseewhatever

theirparentsaredoingandlearnfromthem,which

laysabasicfoundationfortheirlaterdevelopmentas

wellastheirvalueonlife,theiroutlook.Whenthey

growolder,theyhaveasenseofindependenceand

identity.Theywanttoberecognizedasmembersof

certaingroups.Thus,bothparentsandfriendsgreatly

affecttheyoung,butindifferentstages.

PartIIReadingComprehension(Skimmingand

Scanning)

原文精譯

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