高二英語(yǔ)教師用書：Unit2SectionⅡLearningaboutLanguage

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精Ⅰ.單詞拼寫根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)或首字母提示，寫出下列單詞1．Theboydividedtheapplesintothreegroupsroughly(粗略地）．2．Thankyouforallowingmetoclarify（闡明）thepresentposition.3．Totheircredit(贊揚(yáng))，theyoftenworktogetherandsharesomeideas.4．Asforconvenience(方便),themuseumhasmoreadvantagesoverthegallery。5．Wemusttryourbesttoaccomplish（完成）ourtaskperfectly。6．Hewassoeasy-goingthatwehadanenjoyabletalkthatday。7．Unfortunately，thetwocountrieswereinconflictandthewarbrokeout.8．WhatattractedmemostwastheGreatWallinChina。9．Hisjobconsistsofansweringthephoneandmakingcoffee.10．Thecollegelosesalotofmoneythroughpooradministration。Ⅱ.拓展詞匯根據(jù)詞性和漢語(yǔ)提示,寫出下列單詞1．unitevi。＆vt。聯(lián)合；團(tuán)結(jié)→unitedadj。聯(lián)合的；團(tuán)結(jié)的2．roughadj。粗糙的;粗暴的→roughlyadv。粗略地;粗糙地3．a(chǎn)ccomplishvt。完成；達(dá)到；實(shí)現(xiàn)→accomplishmentn。成就4．willingadj.樂(lè)意的；自愿的→unwillingadj。不愿意（的)；不樂(lè)意(的)5．a(chǎn)ttractvt。吸引；引起注意→attractiveadj。吸引人的；有吸引力的→attractionn。有吸引力的事物；吸引eq\a\vs4\al（［尋規(guī)律、巧記憶］）adj.＋。ly→adv。un-＋adj?！饬x相反的形容詞roughlyadv.粗略地；粗糙地happilyadv。愉快地；幸福地willinglyadv.愿意地；樂(lè)意地unwillingadj.不愿意(的）；不樂(lè)意（的）unfairadj.不公正的；不公平的unableadj。不能的；不會(huì)的Ⅲ.補(bǔ)全短語(yǔ)根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全下列短語(yǔ)1．consistof 由……組成2．o 把……分成3．referto 提到；說(shuō)起4．a(chǎn)swell 也;還5．breakaway（from) 掙脫（束縛）；脫離6．toone’scredit 為……帶來(lái)榮譽(yù)；值得贊揚(yáng)；在……名下7．forconvenience 為方便起見(jiàn)8．leaveout 省去；遺漏;不考慮Ⅳ。選詞填空選用上述短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Dividedintofourgroups，thestudentsintheclassstartedthegame.2．Fromthenon，sheneverreferredtotheincidentagain。3．Thereisabigfamily,consistingoftenpeople.4．Theprinterhasleftouttwolinesfromthisparagraph.5．Sotome,itwasanincrediblehonorandtomyfamilyitwas，aswell．eq\a\vs4\al(［尋規(guī)律、巧記憶］）v.＋of→動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)v.＋...＋into→動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)consistof由……組成hearof聽(tīng)說(shuō)thinkof想起；考慮;有……想法；認(rèn)為o把……分成o把……變成o使……處于某種狀態(tài);把……譯成背教材原句記句式結(jié)構(gòu)仿寫促落實(shí)1。NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufindWalesincludedaswell。如今只要有人提起英格蘭，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)威爾士也是包括在內(nèi)的.find＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)(過(guò)去分詞）Whenhecameback，hefoundthecitymuchchanged。他回來(lái)后發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)城市發(fā)生了巨大的變化.2。Totheircreditthefourcountriesdoworktogetherinsomeareas（eg，thecurrencyandinternationalrelations），buttheystillhaveverydifferentinstitutions。值得贊揚(yáng)的是，這四個(gè)國(guó)家的確在一些方面共同合作，例如在貨幣和國(guó)際關(guān)系方面;但是有些制度仍然區(qū)別很大?！癲o/does/did＋動(dòng)詞原形”強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞Tobehonest，hedidtellmeaboutityesterday.實(shí)話實(shí)說(shuō)，他昨天的確告訴了我這件事。3。Itisapitythattheindustrialcitiesbuiltinthenineteenthcenturydonotattractvisitors.可惜的是這些建于19世紀(jì)的工業(yè)城市對(duì)游客并沒(méi)有吸引力.it’sapitythat。.。很遺憾……It'sapitythatI'mtoobusytoseeyouofftomorrow。很遺憾我明天太忙無(wú)法給你送行。4。YoumustkeepyoureyesopenifyouaregoingtomakeyourtriptotheUnitedKingdomenjoyableandworthwhile。要使你的keep＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)(形容詞）Pleasekeepthedoorandwindowopen．請(qǐng)把門窗開著.英國(guó)之行愉快且值得，你就必須留心觀察。consistvi.組成;在于；一致（教材P9）HowmanycountriesdoestheUKconsistof？英國(guó)是由幾個(gè)部分(國(guó)家）組成的？consistof 由……組成consistin＝liein 存在于……；在于……consistwith 與……一致;符合①Aweekconsistsofsevendays.一星期由七天組成。②Happinessconsistsincontentment。[諺語(yǔ)]知足常樂(lè)。③Heisamanwhoseactionsdonotconsistwithhispromises。他是一個(gè)行為與承諾不一致的人。[名師點(diǎn)津]consistof沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，相當(dāng)于bemadeupof或becomposedof，且不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。Lifemainlyconsistsofhappinessandsorrowwhilehappinessandsorrowconsistinstruggle.Rememberthatyourideallifedoesnotalwaysconsistwiththereality。生活主要是由快樂(lè)和悲傷組成的，而快樂(lè)和悲傷存在于拼搏之中.記住，理想的生活并不總是和現(xiàn)實(shí)相一致。o把……分成(教材P9)Englandcanbedividedintothreemainareas.英格蘭被分為三個(gè)主要的區(qū)域。divide.。。between/among/with.。. 和……分配/分擔(dān)/分享divide。。.from... 把……和……分開divide.。。by。.。 某數(shù)除以某數(shù)divide。。.inhalf/intohalves 把……分成兩半①Asweallknow，ayearisdividedintofourseasons.我們都知道，一年分四季.②Hedividedhistimebetweenreadingandwriting。他把時(shí)間用在閱讀和寫作上.③Ifyoudivide12by3，youwillget4.12除以3等于4。④Hedividedtheappleinhalfandsharedthemwithhispartner。＝Hedividedtheappleintohalvesandsharedthemwithhispartner。他把蘋果分成兩半,與同伴分享了。[圖形助記](méi)形象區(qū)分divide與separatebreakaway（from)突然離開;脫離；逃脫，掙脫（束縛）；斷開;脫開(教材P10）However，thesouthernpartofIrelandwasunwillingandbrokeawaytoformitsowngovernment.然而，愛(ài)爾蘭的南部不愿意組建聯(lián)合王國(guó)，它分離出去并建立了自己的政府。breakdown 損壞;分解；(汽車)拋錨breakin 非法闖入；插嘴;打斷breakinto 破門而入;非法闖入；突然……起來(lái)breakoff 打斷；折斷;中斷(說(shuō)話)breakout （戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)、疾病等）突然發(fā)生；爆發(fā)breakthrough 沖突;突破breakup 分解；分裂①Ittookgreatcouragetobreakawayfromhisfamilyatthattime.在那時(shí)與家庭決裂需要勇氣.②Neverbreakinwhileothersaretalking。別人說(shuō)話的時(shí)候千萬(wàn)別插嘴.③Theelevatorsinthatbuildingarealwaysbreakingdown．那幢樓里的電梯總出故障。④Whenthenewscamethatthewarbrokeout,hedecidedtoserveinthearmy.當(dāng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)的消息傳來(lái)時(shí)，他決定到軍隊(duì)中服役。creditn．信任；學(xué)分；贊揚(yáng)；信貸(教材P10）Totheircreditthefourcountriesdoworktogetherinsomeareas（eg，thecurrencyandinternationalrelations),buttheystillhaveverydifferentinstitutions。值得贊揚(yáng)的是，這四個(gè)國(guó)家的確在一些方面共同合作，例如在貨幣和國(guó)際關(guān)系方面；但是有些制度仍然區(qū)別很大.（1)toone’scredit 為……帶來(lái)榮譽(yù);值得贊揚(yáng)的是beofcredit 有名望givesb.creditfor 為……稱贊/信任某人dosb。credit＝docredittosb. 使某人值得贊揚(yáng)或表?yè)P(yáng)(2)oncredit 記賬；分期付款;賒欠①Tohercredit，Emmapassedsuchadifficultexamination.值得贊揚(yáng)的是，艾瑪通過(guò)了如此難的考試。②Mostnewcarsareboughtoncredit。大多數(shù)新汽車都是貸款購(gòu)買的.③Theydidnotgivehimcreditforhisworkuntilafterhedied。他們?cè)谒篮蟛艑?duì)他的功績(jī)加以表?yè)P(yáng)。④Yourhonestydoesyougreatcredit。＝Y(jié)ourhonestydoesgreatcredittoyou。你的誠(chéng)實(shí)值得大大表?yè)P(yáng)。conveniencen．便利；方便；便利設(shè)施(教材P10）Englandisthelargestofthefourcountries，andforconvenienceitisdividedroughlyintothreezones.在這四個(gè)國(guó)家中，英格蘭是最大的.為方便起見(jiàn),它大致可以劃分為三個(gè)地區(qū)。(1）atone’sconvenience 在某人方便時(shí)forconvenience 為了方便起見(jiàn)forsb?！痵convenience＝fortheconvenienceofsb. 為了某人方便起見(jiàn)（2)convenientadj。 方便的；便利的Itisconvenientforsb。 對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)方便Itisconvenientforsb。todosth。 某人方便做某事①M(fèi)uminvitedtheGreenstovisitourhouseattheirconvenience。媽媽邀請(qǐng)格林一家方便的時(shí)候來(lái)我家玩。②Ikeptmyreferencebooknearmydeskforconvenience。我把參考書放在書桌旁以方便使用.③Isitconvenientforyoutopick(pick)upmysontomorrow?你方便明天去接我兒子嗎？④Anewgeneralstorehasbeenbuiltfortheconvenience（convenient)oftheresidents.為便利居民，新建了一個(gè)百貨商店.[名師點(diǎn)津］表達(dá)“某人方便做某事”時(shí),要用“Itisconvenientforsb。todosth。"不能說(shuō)“sb。beconvenienttodosth.".It'sagreatconveniencetolivehere。Atmyconvenience，Icanvisitsomeofmyfavouritemuseums。Shoppingisconvenientformywife.Itisconvenientformysontogotoschool，forhisschoolisonlytwoblocksaway。IfSundayisconvenienttoyou，besuretocometogettogether.住在這里真方便.我可以抽空去參觀我鐘愛(ài)的幾家博物館。妻子購(gòu)物方便，兒子上學(xué)也很方便,因?yàn)?這)離學(xué)校只有兩個(gè)街區(qū)的距離。要是你周日有空，一定要來(lái)聚一聚。attractvt.吸引；引起注意(教材P10）Itisapitythattheindustrialcitiesbuiltinthenineteenthcenturydonotattractvisitors?？上У氖沁@些建于19世紀(jì)的工業(yè)城市對(duì)游客并沒(méi)有吸引力。（1）attractone'sattention 吸引某人的注意力attractsb。tosth. 吸引某人關(guān)注某事(2）attractionn. 吸引力；誘惑力；有吸引力的地方;有 吸引力的事物(3）attractiveadj. 有吸引力的①Theplayer’swonderfulperformanceattractedthecoach’sattention。這個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的出色表現(xiàn)引起了教練的注意。②Whatattractedmemosttothejobwasthechancetotravel。這份工作最吸引我的地方是有機(jī)會(huì)旅行.③Itissaidthattheoldtownusedtobeanattractive(attract）place。據(jù)說(shuō),這個(gè)古鎮(zhèn)過(guò)去曾經(jīng)是一個(gè)吸引人的地方。④Theguidewilltakeustoafamousattraction(attract)inthiscity.導(dǎo)游將帶我們?nèi)ミ@個(gè)城市的一個(gè)著名景點(diǎn)。Therearemanyattractionsinmyhometown，whichareattractiveandattractmanytouristsfromalloverthecountryeveryyear。我的家鄉(xiāng)有許多吸引人的地方，非常吸引人,每年吸引許多來(lái)自全國(guó)各地的游客。leaveout省去；遺漏；不考慮(教材P11）Whichcountryisleftout?哪個(gè)國(guó)家被遺漏了？寫出下列各句中l(wèi)eaveout的含義①Incopyingthisdocument，becarefulnottoleaveoutanyword.遺漏②Hetoldmethiswordcouldbeleftout。省去③Wheneveryousaysomething,neverleaveouttheothers'feelings.不考慮leavefor 動(dòng)身去……leave。。。alone 讓某人獨(dú)處；不管某物leavebehind 留下;丟棄；使落后leaveoff 停止；戒除④Leavetheboyalone，andhecanmakeuphisownmind。別管那個(gè)男孩子，他自己會(huì)做決定的。⑤Sherealizedthatshehadleftherpursebehindonthewayhome。在回家的路上她意識(shí)到自己把錢包丟了。conflictn．矛盾；沖突vi。沖突；抵觸(教材P12)Dothesedifferencescauseconflictorquarrels?是這些差異引起的沖突和矛盾嗎？(1）inconflictwith 與……沖突/與……矛盾comeintoconflictwith 與……沖突/與……矛盾（2)conflictwith 與……矛盾/沖突①Yourstatementisinconflictwiththerestoftheevidence。你的陳述同其余證據(jù)相矛盾.②Heoftencomesintoconflictwithhisclassmates,whichannoyshisparents.他經(jīng)常和同學(xué)們發(fā)生沖突，這讓他的父母很煩惱。③Heissocautiousthathetriesnottoconflict(conflict）withhiswife。＝Heissocautiousthathetriesnottocomeintoconflictwithhiswife.＝Heissocautiousthathetriesnottobeinconflictwithhiswife。他很謹(jǐn)慎，盡量避免與妻子發(fā)生沖突.(教材P10）NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufindWalesincludedaswell.如今只要有人提起英格蘭，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)威爾士也是包括在內(nèi)的?！疽c(diǎn)提煉】find在句中接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)是Wales，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是included。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故此處使用過(guò)去分詞。find＋n。/pron.＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),意思是“發(fā)現(xiàn)……處于……狀態(tài)”,在此結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)除用過(guò)去分詞外，還可用現(xiàn)在分詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)和名詞等，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，原來(lái)的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)則變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。①Hefoundhisdooropenwhenhecameback。當(dāng)他回來(lái)時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)門開著.②Whendaybroke,wefoundourselvesinasmallvillage。天亮?xí)r,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在一個(gè)小村子里.③Whenshecametolife,shefoundherselfsurrounded(surround）bymanypeople.當(dāng)她醒來(lái)的時(shí)候，發(fā)現(xiàn)身邊圍著很多人。④Whensheturnedaround，shefoundsomeonestaring(stare)ather。她轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)，發(fā)現(xiàn)有人在盯著她看。(教材P10）Itisapitythattheindustrialcitiesbuiltinthenineteenthcenturydonotattractvisitors?？上У氖沁@些建于19世紀(jì)的工業(yè)城市對(duì)游客并沒(méi)有吸引力.【要點(diǎn)提煉】Itisapitythat。。.意為“可惜的是……;令人遺憾的是……",其中it是形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語(yǔ)。(1)Itisapitythatsb。shoulddosth. 遺憾的是某人竟然……(2）Itisapity(forsb.）todosth。 (對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō))做某事很遺憾/可惜①Itisapitythatthenovelwrittenbyhimfiveyearsagodidn’tcomeout。很遺憾,他五年前創(chuàng)作的那部小說(shuō)沒(méi)有出版。②Itisapitythatyoushouldmiss（miss）suchagoodchance.真可惜，你竟然錯(cuò)過(guò)了這么好的機(jī)會(huì)。③Itisapityforyoutogive（give)upthejob。你要放棄這份工作，真是可惜.(教材P10）YoumustkeepyoureyesopenifyouaregoingtomakeyourtriptotheUnitedKingdomenjoyableandworthwhile．要使你的英國(guó)之行愉快且值得，你就必須留心觀察?！疽c(diǎn)提煉】（1）“keep＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)有以下幾種形式：keep＋sb./sth。＋形容詞/副詞keep＋sb。/sth。＋介詞短語(yǔ)keep＋sb./sth。＋doing(表示動(dòng)作持續(xù)進(jìn)行）keep＋sb。/sth。＋done(表示被動(dòng))①Thatshehadn'tkepthermindonherworkresultedinthefailure。她不集中精力工作導(dǎo)致了失敗.②Theotherstudentsintheclasskeeptheireyesclosed（close）．班上其他學(xué)生閉著眼.(2)“make＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)有以下幾種形式：make＋賓語(yǔ)＋形容詞make＋賓語(yǔ)＋名詞(職務(wù)名詞充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)時(shí)其前不要加冠詞)make＋賓語(yǔ)＋介詞短語(yǔ)make＋賓語(yǔ)＋省略to的不定式(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不省to)make＋賓語(yǔ)＋過(guò)去分詞（不用現(xiàn)在分詞充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)）①Praisemakesgoodmenbetterandbadmenworse。表?yè)P(yáng)能使好人更好,壞人更壞。②Youshouldmakeyourviewsknown（know）．你應(yīng)該讓別人了解你的觀點(diǎn)。③Everydaymyparentsmakemehaveanegg。→EverydayIammadetohaveaneggbymyparents.我父母每天要我吃一個(gè)雞蛋.1．（教材P10）SoonlyNorthernIrelandjoinedwithEngland,WalesandScotlandtobecometheUnitedKingdomandthiswasshowntotheworldinanewflagcalledtheUnionJack。【分析】本句為并列句，第二個(gè)and連接兩個(gè)分句。在第二個(gè)分句中,過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)calledtheUnionJack作名詞flag的后置定語(yǔ)?！痉g】因此，只有北愛(ài)爾蘭同英格蘭、威爾士和蘇格蘭聯(lián)合起來(lái)組成了聯(lián)合王國(guó)，從向世界展示的新的聯(lián)合王國(guó)國(guó)旗上就可以看出來(lái)。2．（教材P10）ThezonenearestFranceiscalledtheSouthofEngland，themiddlezoneiscalledtheMidlandsandtheonenearesttoScotlandisknownastheNorth.【分析】本句為并列句，and連接三個(gè)分句,nearestFrance和nearesttoScotland作后置定語(yǔ)，分別修飾其前面的名詞Thezone和theone?！痉g】最靠近法國(guó)是英格蘭南部，中部地區(qū)被稱為英格蘭中部，最靠近蘇格蘭的稱為英格蘭北部。3．(教材P10）Although,nationwide，thesecitiesarenotaslargeasthoseinChina,theyhaveworld。famousfootball