牛津譯林版初中形容詞和副詞比較級和最高級全解

PAGEPAGE4形容詞副詞比較級和最高級的基本概念：絕大多數(shù)形容詞副詞都有三種形式,即原級,比較級和最高級,以表示說明的性質(zhì)狀態(tài)在程度上的不同。當(dāng)我們只是簡單表達事物的性質(zhì)和狀態(tài)時，用形容詞副詞的原級和基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)來表達就可以了。當(dāng)我們要對事物做出比較時，就要用到它們的比較級和最高級，以及他們相對應(yīng)的句型構(gòu)成。知識點一、形容詞副詞的比較級和最高級變化規(guī)則：形容詞的原級:形容詞，副詞的原級形式就是詞典中出現(xiàn)的原形。例如:poor,tall,great,quickly.carefully等。

形容詞副詞比較級和最高級：形式上要進行相應(yīng)的變化，變化規(guī)則如下：

（1）規(guī)則變化：

①單音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)的形容詞比較級一般在詞尾加-er，最高級在詞尾加-est

e.g:smart--smarter—smartestcalm--calmer—calmest

tall--taller--tallest

②以字母e結(jié)尾的比較級直接在詞尾加-r，最高級加-st.

e.g:nice--nicer

-nicest

fine--finer-finest

large—larger--largest

③以“輔音+y結(jié)尾的詞，變y為i，比較級加-er”，最高級加-est.

e.g:early—earlier-earliest

happy—happier-happiest

busy—busier-busiest

④以重讀閉音節(jié)的單個輔音字母結(jié)尾的詞，雙寫輔音字母，比較級加-er，最高級加-est

e.g:big—bigger-biggest

thin—thinner-thinnest

hot—hotter-hottest

⑤多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)的形容詞,比較級在原級前面加more，最高級在原級前加most

e.g:popular--morepopular—mostpopular

important--moreimportant—mostimportantslow--moreslowly--mostslowly

（2）不規(guī)則變化：（少數(shù)形容詞，副詞）good/well—better--best

bad/ill/badly—worse--worst

many/much—more--most

little—less--least

far--farther/further—farthest/furthestoldolder/elder—oldest/eldest●相關(guān)練習(xí)：一、寫出下列單詞的反義詞1.hot____2.new________3.clean________4.high________5.heavy______6.cold_______7.bad______8.carefuly________二、寫出下列形容詞的比較級和最高級1.old______________2.busy___________________3.thin________________4.many___________________5.slowly_______________6.delicious__________________7.few_______________8.polite__________________

知識點二、比較級的用法:(掌握大框架的同時，抓住細節(jié)！)(一)當(dāng)兩個人或事物（A和B）進行比較時，比較級基本句型：

形容詞/副詞比較級+than+…

e.gIamtallerthanyou.我比你高。

HerunsfasterthanI.他跑得比我快。(二)比較級其它常用句型1．“比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越……”。

Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer．（單音節(jié)）天氣越來越暖和。

Heisrunningfasterandfaster．（單音節(jié)）他跑得越來越快。

0urcountryisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful．（部分雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)）我們祖國越來越美了。

2．“the比較級…，the比較級…”表示“越……，就越……”，

Themore，thebetter.多多益善。Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbecome.（吃得越多，就會變得越胖。）Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.你越細心，犯錯就越少。

3．“the比較級ofthetwo…”表示“兩個當(dāng)中較。。。的一個”

Thetallerofthetwoboysismybrother.（兩個男孩中較高的是我哥哥。）4.在兩者之間進行選擇“哪一個更……”時，用句型“which/whois+比較級，AorB?Whichsweaterischeaper,theredoneortheyellowone?（哪個毛衣比較便宜些，紅色的還是黃色的？）★備注：

1．比較級前面一般可以用much,even,alittle，alot修飾，其中even,much只能修飾比較級。

NostudentisastallasLiuMei.（同級比較級）過關(guān)檢測：開始認真做作業(yè)吧，考慮得越仔細，做得就會越好！1.Yingtianisnotas___________(tall)asYongxian.2.Almostallthestudents'facesarethesamebutLiDeminglooks_______(fat)thanbefore.3.Whichis_________(heavy),ahenorachicken?4.--How_________(tall)isSally?--She's1.55metres________(tall).WhataboutXiaoling?--She'sonly1.40metres______(tall).Sheismuch_______(short)thanSally.Sheisalsothe_______(short)girlintheclass.5.Heis______(bad)atlearningmaths.Heismuch_______(bad)atChineseandheisthe_________(bad)atEnglish.6.AnniesaysSallyisthe________(kind)personintheworld.7.Anorangeiaalittle______(big)thananapple,butmuch________(small)thanawatermelon.8.Thebasketball_______________________thebaseball.(big)9.Arose__________________________________aweed(野草).(beautiful)10.Torontois___________cityinCanada.(large)11.Playingcomputergamesis________________ofalltheactivities.(interesting).12.TheNile(尼羅河)is______________riverintheworld.(long)13.Takingataxiis_____________waytogettotheairport.(easy)14.Test1is_____________________ofallthetests.（difficult）22.Heis________thananyotherboyintheclass.（clever）15.Thewindowis________________ofthetwo.(narrow)四、選擇題()1.Sheis________than________.A.busier/usB.busier/weC.morebusy/usD.morebusy/we()2.Janeis________thanBetty.A.lesstallerB.lesstallestC.lesstallD.notastall()3.Chinais________countryintheworld.A.thethirdlargestB.thelargestthirdC.thethirdlargeD.athirdlargest()4.-Whichis____seasoninBeijing?-Ithinkit'sautumn.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest()5-Whichis__________,thesun,themoonortheearth?-Ofcourse,themoonis.A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallest()6.TheairinBeijingisgettingmuch_____nowthanafewyearsago.A.cleanB.cleanerC.cleanestD.thecleanest()7.Mobilephonesareverypopularnowandtheyare_____thanbefore.A.cheapB.cheaperC.cheapestD.thecheapest()8．IstudyEnglishas_______asmybrother.A.hardB.harderC.hardest()9.Whichis_____,abicycleoracomputer?A.expensiveB.moreexpensiveC.themostexpensive()10.TheYellowRiverisoneof______riversinChina.A.longB.longerC.thelongest()11.Theearthisabout____asthemoon.

A.asfiftytimebigB.fiftytimesasbigC.asbigfiftytimesD.fiftyastimesbig

()12.Yourroom____ismine.

A.twiceaslargethan

B.twicethesizeof

C.biggertwicethanD.astwicelargeas

()13.Yourroomis___thanmine.A.threetimebigB.threetimesbigC.threetimesbiggerD.biggerthreetimes

()14.Hisfatheris____thanhismother.;A.olderfouryearsB.asfouryearsolderC.fouryearsolderD.biggerfouryears

()15.Mathsismorepopularthan____.A.anyothersubjectB.allthesubjectsC.anysubjectD.othersubject

()16.Chinaislargerthan____inAfrica.A.anyothercountryB.othercountriesC.theothercountryD.anycountry

()17.Tomisstrongerthan___inhisclass.A.anyotherboyB.anyboysC.anyboyD.otherboy

()18.Whenspringcomes,itgets____.

A.warmandwarmB.colderandcolder

C.warmerandwarmerD.shorterandshorter

()19.Byandby,____studentsinourclasscametolikeEnglish.A.moreandmoreB.muchandmuchC.manyandmanyD.lessandleast

()20.Atlasthebegantocry___.

A.hardandhardB.morehardandmorehard