高三英語閱讀專題-文學(xué)評論

2017屆高三英語閱讀專題——文學(xué)評論1.首末端作者對文學(xué)作品的褒貶中態(tài)度很關(guān)鍵！練習(xí)P1:MarkTwainhasbeencalledtheinventoroftheAmericannovel.Andhesurelydeservesadditionalpraise:themanwhopopularizedthecleverliteraryattackonracism.70.Whatdoestheauthormainlyarguefor?A.Twainhaddonemorethanhiscontemporarywriterstoattackracism.B.TwainwasanadmirablefigureparabletoAbrahamLincoln.C.Twain’sworkshadbeenbannedonunreasonablegrounds.D.Twai’sworksshouldbereadfromahistoricalpointofview.2.經(jīng)常受其他作家的風(fēng)格影響，或其它作家對該作家/作品態(tài)度褒貶不一AowesmuchtotheideasofBA在很大程度上要歸功于B的想法A’smostnotableworksexertatremendousimpactonBA最著名的作品對B發(fā)揮了巨大的影響astrikingsimilaritybetweenAandBA和B之間有一個驚人的相似之處SthestablishastrongechobetweenAandB在A和B之間建立了一個強(qiáng)烈的呼應(yīng)bearsimilaritytosb與某人有相似之處Resemblesb/sth像某物/某人Sharecloseresemblanceto與….擁有非常相似之處bemodeledaftersb模仿某人練習(xí)Ingeneral,Austenoccupiesacuriouspositionbetweentheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies.Herfavoritewriter,whomsheoftenquotesinhernovels,wasDr.SamuelJohnson,thegreatmodelofeighteenth-centuryclassicismandreason.HerplotsbearsimilaritiestosuchworksofJohnson’scontemporariesasPamela,writtenbySamuelRichardson.Austen'snovelsalsodisplayanambiguityaboutemotionandanappreciationforintelligenceandnaturalbeauty.Intheirawarenessoftheconditionsofmodernityandcitylifeandtheconsequencesforfamilystructureandindividualcharacters,theyprefigure(預(yù)示)muchVictorianliterature(asdoesherusageofsuchelementsasfrequentformalsocialgatherings,sketchycharacters,andscandal).70.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat__________.A.Austenwassomewhatinfluencedbyhercontemporarywriters.B.AustenandhercontemporarywriterschangedVictorianliterature.C.Austenplayedalessimportantpartinthenineteencentury.D.Austenwasoneofthepioneersofeighteenth-centuryclassicism.3.作者的個人成長史或者逸聞趣事都會寫進(jìn)去。Sb’slivingexperienceatspgreatlyaffecthis/herwork4.作者的寫作內(nèi)容和風(fēng)格會精辟入里地分析主題：racialdiscrimination種族歧視Racialoppression種族壓迫VictorianLiterature維多利亞時期的文學(xué)Theinseparabilityofgenderandrace性別和種族的不可分離性first-handaccountofsth第一手資料Romanticandtwisting浪漫的和曲折的Sthstandsasachallengetosth對某事物是一個挑戰(zhàn)Themostdramaticeventofthecountry最具戲劇性的事件風(fēng)格：Vividnessandintensity生動和強(qiáng)度Maintainsb’sownstyle維持了某人自己的風(fēng)格Concreteandlivinglanguage具體而生動的語言Writesthwithgreatsympathy具有同情心的thestoryfeelsaliveandpresent這個故事感覺是栩栩如生的truetolife逼真的Investigative研究的；調(diào)查的；好調(diào)查的non-fiction紀(jì)實小說Thecriticalanalysisofsth批評性分析練習(xí)BritishwriterJohnBunyanwasbornatElstow,Bedfordshire,England,inNovember,1628.Hisfatherwasamakerandmenderofpotsandkettles,andthesonfollowedthesametrade.Thoughheisusuallycalledatinker,Bunyanhadasettledhomeandplaceofbusiness.Hehadlittleschooling,andhedescribeshisearlysurroundingsaspoorandmean.Hebecamemuchinterestedinreligions,butitwasonlyafteratremendousspiritualconflict,lastingthreeorfouryears,thathefoundpeace.Hisstrugglesarerelatedwithextraordinaryvividnessandintensityinhis“GraceAboundingtotheChiefofSinners.”HiswritingbeganwithacontroversyagainsttheQuakers,andshowsfromthefirstthemandofahomelybutvigorousstyle.Likemostworkingmenatthetime,Bunyanhadadeephatredforthecorrupted,hypocriticalrichwhoaccumulatedtheirwealth”byhookandbycrook.”AsastoutPuritan,hehadmadeaconscientiousstudyoftheBibleandfirmlybelievedinsalvationthroughspiritualstruggle.Bunyan’sstylewasmodeledafterthatoftheEnglishBible.Withhisconcreteandlivinglanguageandcarefullyobservedandvividlypresenteddetails,hemadeitpossibleforthereaderoftheleasteducationtosharethepleasureofreadinghisnovelandtorelivetheexperienceofhischaracters.68.WhatarethemaincharacteristicsofBunyan’sworks?①Thelanguagesareconcreteandliving.②Thestoriesarecarefullyandvividlydescribed.③Theplotsareromanticandtwisting.④Theworksareeasytounderstand.A.①②③B.②③④C.①③④D.①②④5.作者寫作的局限性也會一一披露/批評家也會毫不留情面批評作者/作品critics批評；評論家Presentawrongviewofsth呈現(xiàn)了某物的錯誤的觀點HavenegativeeffectonCriticizesthAccusesbofsthDisadvantageofthebook練習(xí)：OnecriticismbyliteraryscholarPatriciaYaeger,leveledatGonewiththeWind,isforitsportrayalofAfricanAmericansinthe19thcenturySouth.FormerfieldhandsduringtheearlydaysofReconstructionaredescribedbehaving"ascreaturesofsmallintelligencemightnaturallybeexpectedtodo.Likemonkeysorsmallchildrenturnedlooseamongtreasuredobjectswhosevalueisbeyondtheirprehension,theyranwild~eitherfromwrongpleasureindestructionorsimplybecauseoftheirignorance."InGonewiththeWindMitchellisblindtoracialoppressionand'theinseparabilityofraceandgender"thatdefinesthesouthernbellecharacterofScarlett,accordingtoPatriciaYaeger.YetthereareplexitiesinthewaythatMitchelldealtwithracialissues.ScarlettwasaskedbyaYankeewomanforadviceonwhotoappointasanurseforherchildren;Scarlettsuggesteda"darky",muchtothedisgustoftheYankeewomanwhowasseekinganIrishmaid,a"Bridget".AfricanAmericansandIrishAmericansaretreated"inpreciselythesameway"inGonewiththeWind,writesDavidO'Connellinhis1996book,TheIrishRootsofMargaretMitchellsGonewiththeWind.Ethnicslurs(種族蔑稱)ontheIrishandIrishstereotypesspreadineverypartofthenovel,O'Connellclaims,andScarlettisnotanexceptiontotheinsults.Andapparentlyinthenovel,theIrishAmericanO'HaraswereslaveholderswhereasAfricanAmericanswereheldasslaves.67.DavidO'Connell'sviewisdifferentfromPatriciaYaeger'sin______________A.Mitchell'sEthnicslursinthenovelB.Mitchell'sdescriptionofslavelaborersC.Mitchell'sattitudetowardstheIrishpeopleD.Mitchell'swaysofdealingwithracialproblems6.代表作會著重分析，且分析其為什么很受成功makeadifferencetosb’slife對某人的生活產(chǎn)生了影響themostwidelyreceived/readbooks最為廣泛接受的讀物thebookisworthitsplace/nameinsomearea這本書值得它在某些區(qū)域所擁有的名聲Fascinatesb使某人著迷Anencyclopedicknowledgeofsth百科全書sb.enjoyanationwidereputation某人享受全國聲譽(yù)Thetopfictionbestseller最棒的暢銷書Themostenduringlegacyofthework最為持久的遺產(chǎn)Invaluable;Well-known無價的Deserveadditionalpraise值得額外的稱贊 Aisasocialreformer社會改革家SbPopularizesth推廣某事物Challengethewidelyacceptedwisdom挑戰(zhàn)被廣泛接受的智慧Sb’sextraordinaryachievement某人非凡的成就練習(xí)：GabyHick,athird-yearstudentfocusedonEnglishliteratureatBrownUniversity,callsit“oneofthefirstbooksthatkidsandyoungadultsreadthatdealswithseriousissues—rape,race,mentalissues”.Sheadds,“ThestorymakestheseadultthemesaccessiblebecauseofScout.”Thebook’ssetting,asmalltowninAlabamaaffectedbytheGreatDepressionofthe1930s,mayappearverydifferentfromtheexperienceofmostkidsreadingittoday.ButLee’swordsmakeherstoryfeelaliveandpresent.68.WhyisthenovelwellreceivedbyteenagersintheUS?A.BecauseitrevealsracialdiscriminationinAmerica.B.Becauseitmakessomeseriousadultissuesaccessible.C.Becauseawhiteauthortellsthestoriesaboutblackpeople.D.Becauseitiswidelyusedasatoolformoraljudgmentsinsociety.7.作者成長背景有助于寫作sympathizewith與…發(fā)生共鳴/identifywith與….一致Sb’sfirsthandknowledgeofsth某事物的第一手資料shinethroughthebook通過這本書表現(xiàn)出來Practice：DorisLessinghashadafascinatinglife,borntoEnglishparents,shelivedinIranuntilshewasfive,beforemovingtoZimbabwe,whereshespentherformativeyearsgrowinguponafarm.TheGrassIsSinging,firstpublishedin1950,wasaninternationalsuccess.ThestoryfocusesonMaryTurner,thewifeofafarmer,whowasfoundmurderedontheporchofherhome.Noonewasreallysurprisedorparticularlyupset.Shewaswell-knownintheareaforkeepingherselftoherselfandfortreatingthelocalstaffbadly.Afterherbodywasfound,weweretakenbacktoheryoungerdaysandslowlydiscoveredwhathappenedtoher.Mary’schildhoodwaslargelyunhappy.Shewasbroughtupbyparentswhoranastoreinafarmingmunity.Herfatherwasadrunkandhermotherbitterandtwisted.Marywasdelightedtoleavehomeandgotajobinthecity.Withawidecircleoffriends,shehadnodesiretomarryuntilreachingherthirtiesandherfriendsstartedtotreatherasoddbecauseshewasstillsingle.WhenDickTurneraskedhertomarryhim,sheagreedandwenttoliveonhisfarm,whereherlifepletelychanged.Youmightbeforgivenforthinkingthatthisiscrimefiction.However,thisisnotreallythecase.WeknowrightfromthebeginningofthebookwhokilledMary,andtherearefewdoubtsthatshewasresponsible.ThemysteryisinfindingoutwhythemurdertookplaceandhowMaryturnedfromafun-lovingwomanintoacynical,over-bearingtyrant(暴君).Asacharacter,Maryisparticularlywell-drawn.Sheisthefocusofthestoryandherpastandfeelingsarecoveredingreatdepth.Shehadahardlife.Shemarriedamanwhomshedidn’treallylovetofulfillherfriends’expectations.Yetherhusbandwasastrugglingfarmerlivingalonelylifestyleandafterinitialattemptstomakethebestofherlife,Maryrealizedheronlychanceofhappinesswastoescape.Heronlyacquaintancesbesidesherhusbandweretheservantsandasshehadbeenbroughtuptolookdownon“thenatives”,herrelationshipwiththemwasverystilted(矯揉造作的).Althoughherbehaviorwasn’talwaysacceptable,itiseasytounderstandwhysheactedthewayshedid.Herhusband,DickTurner,wasadifferentcupoftea.Hewascrazyaboutthelandhehadbought,buthisrelationshipwithhiswifewasdifficult.Hefoundithardtounderstandherconductanddidn’talwaysappreciatehiswifeposition.Itisn’thardtofeelsorryforhim,althoughhislackofmentalstrengthdoessometimesdrivereadersmad.Therearetwoparticularthreadstothisbook.Oneispsychological—itlooksatthementalsufferingofahumanbeingpushedtothelimitsofhis/herability.Theotherthreadisracism.MarywasbroughtuptolookdownuponnativeAfricansandherapproachtotheservantsputherinarealdilemma.Athirdthread,althoughnotsoobvious,isthepositionofwomeninsociety,particularlyinthewayMarywasvirtuallyforcedintomarriagebecauseofotherpeople’sopinions.Lessing’sfirst-handknowledgeoflivingonafarminSouthAfricashinesthroughinthisbook.Theland,thecharacters,thefarmingareallvividlydescribedandreaderscanreallyseetheimages.Thebookisbeautifullywritten.Thelanguageusedsayswhatitneedsto,yetLessingstillmaintainsherownstyle.Theonlypossibled