Unit+5+First+Aid+Discover+Useful+Structures+課件【知識(shí)精講精研】高中英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

Unit5DiscoverUsefulStructures新課導(dǎo)入

以上句子中，句1中的v.-ing形式在句中作

；句2中的v.-ing形式在句中作

；句3中的v.-ing形式在句中作

；句4中的v.-ing形式在句中作

；句5中的v.-ing形式在句中作

。賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)Lookandsay1.Asyoucanimagine,gettingburntcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.2.Thefirstandmostimportantstepinthetreatmentofburnsisgiving

firstaid.3.Itisbesttoplaceburnsundercoolrunningwater,especiallywithinthefirsttenminutes.4.Removeanyclothesusingscissorsifnecessary,unlessyouseethefabricstickingtotheburntskin.5.Youcanprotecttheburntareabycoveringitwithaloosecleancloth.1.能復(fù)習(xí)和歸納動(dòng)詞-ing形式在句子中的功能和用法；2.能在語(yǔ)境中正確使用動(dòng)詞-ing的各種結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)意義。課堂學(xué)習(xí)Canyouexpressthesameideaswithoutusingthe-ingform?1.Asyoucanimagine,gettingburntcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.2.Thefirstandmostimportantstepinthetreatmentofburnsisgiving

firstaid.Asyoucanimagine,ifyougetburnt,itcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.Thefirstandmostimportantstepinthetreatmentofburnsistogivefirstaid.3.Itisbesttoplaceburnsundercoolrunningwater,especiallywithinthefirsttenminutes.4.Removeanyclothesusingscissorsifnecessary,unlessyouseethefabricstickingtotheburntskin.5.Youcanprotecttheburntareabycoveringitwithaloosecleancloth.Itisbesttorunsomecoolwaterandplaceburnsunderit,especiallywithinthefirsttenminutes.Usescissorstoremoveanyclothesifnecessary,unlessyoufindthatthefabricisstickingtotheburntskin.Toprotecttheburntarea,youcancoveritwithaloosecleancloth.現(xiàn)在分詞

概念：動(dòng)詞-ing形式是動(dòng)詞的一種非謂語(yǔ)形式，包括現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞兩種。

動(dòng)詞-ing形式的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)：語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone

動(dòng)詞-ing形式在句中的語(yǔ)法作用：動(dòng)名詞在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在分詞在句中作表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。一、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，往往表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，通常置于句首。Readingaloud

isagoodwaytolearnalanguage.大聲朗讀是學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的一種好方法。注意：①不定式作主語(yǔ)表示具體的或一次性的動(dòng)作。eg:Tolietoheriswrong.對(duì)她撒謊不對(duì)。②動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。eg:Climbingmountainsisreallydifficultfortheold.對(duì)于老人來(lái)說(shuō)爬山確實(shí)困難。二、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)1.作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)常接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞可用下面的口訣幫助記憶：避免錯(cuò)過(guò)少延期(avoid，miss，postpone)建議完成多練習(xí)(advise/suggest，finish，practise)喜歡想象禁不住(enjoy，imagine，can’thelp)承認(rèn)否定與嫉妒(admit，deny，envy)逃避冒險(xiǎn)莫原諒(escape，risk，excuse)忍受保持不介意(stand，keep，mind)eg:Wouldyoumindopening

thewindow?你介意打開(kāi)窗子嗎？2.作動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)有：insiston，objectto，begoodat，befondof，leadto，putoff，giveup，lookforwardto，feellike，devote...to，get/beusedto，payattentionto，beworth等。eg:Heinsistedondoingitinhisownway.他堅(jiān)持要按照自己的方法做。3.在有些動(dòng)詞的后面，如：start，begin，continue等既可接動(dòng)名詞也可接不定式作賓語(yǔ)，兩者意義區(qū)別不大。eg:Theycontinuedworking/toworkasifnothinghadhappened.他們繼續(xù)工作，似乎什么也沒(méi)發(fā)生過(guò)。動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)的形式意義forgettodo忘記做……doing忘記做過(guò)……remembertodo記著要去做……doing記得做過(guò)……4.有些動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))后跟不定式和動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)均可，但含義不同。常見(jiàn)的有：regrettodo遺憾/抱歉要做……doing后悔做了……trytodo盡力做……doing嘗試做……meantodo打算做……doing意味著……goontodo接著做(另外一件事)doing接著做(同一件事)stoptodo停下來(lái)去做……doing停止做……5.下列動(dòng)詞可接動(dòng)詞-ing形式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，相當(dāng)于不定式的被動(dòng)形式。need/want/require/deservedoing＝need/want/require/deservetobedoneeg:Thebike

needsrepairing/toberepaired.這輛自行車需要修理。三、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式包括現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞。1.現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)，往往具有形容詞的性質(zhì)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、特征等。作表語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞，許多是由能夠表示人們某種感情或情緒的動(dòng)詞變化而來(lái)的。常見(jiàn)的有：moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing...這類分詞有“令人……的”的含義，常修飾物。eg:Theargumentisveryconvincing.這個(gè)論點(diǎn)很令人信服。Yourspeechisveryinterestingandencouraging.你的演講很有趣而且很鼓舞人。注意：不定式和動(dòng)詞-ed形式也可作表語(yǔ)，但不定式通常強(qiáng)調(diào)一次性的、具體的、將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，動(dòng)詞-ed形式則表示被動(dòng)、完成含義。2.動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)多表示抽象性的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，一般說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容。eg:Herjobiskeepingthelecturehallascleanaspossible.

＝Keepingthelecturehallascleanaspossibleisherjob.她的工作是盡量使報(bào)告廳保持干凈。四、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)被修飾的名詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示被修飾詞的特征Ihaveneverseenamoremovingmovie.不及物動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行Thewomansendingherchildrentoschoolismyhistoryteacher.五、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)常跟賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有see,watch,hear,set,keep,find,have,get等詞。eg:Isawhimwalkinginthestreet.

我看見(jiàn)他在街上走。Iheardthemsingingintheclassroom.我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他們?cè)诮淌依锍?。Wefoundtheboysleeping.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)小孩睡著了。六、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式、伴隨情況等，其前可加連詞while,when,once,if,unless等。

egCrossingthestreet,hewasknockeddownbyacar.Hefelloffthebike,breakinghisleftleg.Agroupofchildrenweresittingaroundtheteacher,playinggames.Replaceeachunderlinedpartwithasuitable-ingformandrewritethesentenceasnecessary.21Whenhegotoutofthebathtub,heslippedandfellonthefloor.2Isthereanyreasonwhywearenotgoingtohavethefirst-aidtrainingthisweek?Whengettingoutofthebathtub,heslippedandfellonthefloor.Isthereanyreasonfornothavingthefirst-aidtrainingthisweek?3Shehadbeentoldabouttheriskofelectricshocksandthismadeherverycarefulwhileusinghairdryers.4Becausethechildwasnotwatchedcarefullybyhisparents,hetouchedahotironandburnthisfinger.5Aftershehadbeenbittenbymosquitoes,sheappliedsomemedicinetoherskin.Havingbeentoldabouttheriskofelectricshocks,shewasverycarefulwhileusinghairdryers.Notbeingwatchedcarefullybyhisparents,thechildtouchedahotironandburnthisfinger.Afterbeing/havingbeenbittenby

mosquitoes,sheappliedsomemedicinetoherskin.Workwithapartnerandsummarisethedifferentstructuresofthe-ingform.Wheniseachoneused?basicform:doing

negativeform:notdoing

negativepassiveform:notbeingdone

perfectpassiveform:

havingbeendoneCompletethepassagewiththecorrectformsofthegivenwords.WhathappenedtoMrsTaylor?3MrsTaylorwasanelderlywoman______(live)alone.Oneday,shewasinherlivingroomcleaningthewindows,whensuddenlyshecouldnolongerfeeltherightsideofherbody.______(try)towalktohersofatositdown,shefelloverontothecarpet.Thensherealisedthatshecouldnotgetup,andthatshewashavingtrouble________(breathe).Fortunately,shehadhermobilephonewithher,andshewasabletoreachitwithherlefthandwhile______(lie)onthefloor.Hermobilephone_______________(already,setup)tocallanemergencynumberatthepushofabutton,soitwaseasytocallforhelp.livingTryingbreathinglyingwasalreadysetupWhileattemptingtotalktotheoperator,MrsTaylordiscoveredthatshecouldnotspeak.__________(not,hear)ananswer,theoperatorknewthatMrsTaylormustbeintrouble.TellingMrsTaylorthateverythingwouldbeOK,sheimmediatelysentanambulance.After________(arrive),theambulanceteamquicklyfoundMrsTaylorandwithoutdelaygaveheroxygen,putinanIVneedle,andcheckedhervitalsigns._______________(take)tothehospitalandtreatedimmediately,MrsTaylor'shealthwasinnogreatdanger,thoughshehadtostayinthehospitalward.Afteraweek,her__________(frighten)experiencewasover,andshewasallowedtogohome.NothearingarrivingHavingbeentakenfrighteningdelay

vi.&vt.推遲；延期（做某事）

vt.

耽誤；耽擱

n.

延誤；耽擱（的時(shí)間）；推遲Eg:Afterarriving,theambulanceteamquicklyfoundMrsTaylorandwithoutdelaygaveheroxygen,putinanIVneedle,andcheckedhervitalsigns.救援隊(duì)到達(dá)之后，很快就發(fā)現(xiàn)了泰勒女士，然后立刻給她輸氧,進(jìn)行靜脈注射并檢查她的生命體征。Keypoints[歸納拓展]

withoutdelay 馬上adelayoftwohours/atwo-hourdelay 兩小時(shí)的延誤delaydoingsth 推遲做某事[即學(xué)即練]

單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Womenwhoput_____havingababyoftenmakethe