新編英語(yǔ)教程5單詞-句子翻譯-paraphrase完整答案

Unit1Part1moreorless:imprecisebutfairlyclosetocorrect;almostbutnotexact.scrupulous:careful;exact;strict.afield:farawayfromhomeorone’susualsurroundings.rife:widespread;common;excessivelyabundant.malapropism:theunintentionalmisuseofawordbyconfusionwithonethatsoundssimilar.coercion:theactofcompellingbyforceofauthority;usingforcetocausesomethingepitomize:embodytheessentialcharacteristicsoforbeatypicalexampleofdisprove:provetobefalseexpire:terminate;conclude;cometoanendindigent:poorenoughtoneedhelpfromothersPart2“HowcanIknowwhatIthinktillIseewhatIsay?”(1.16)“OnlywhenIhavefoundtherightwordscanIdescribewhatisinmymind/whatmyideasexactlyare.”Theexactuseoflanguagegivesusmasteryoverthematerialwearedealingwith.(1.19)Thecorrectuseoflanguageallowsustoacquireathoroughunderstandingofwhatwearecurrentlydoing.Butwordsthatareverysimilarinmeaninghavefineshadesofdifferences,andastudentneedstobealivetothesedifferences.(1.54)Butslightdifferencescanstillbefoundinwordsthatareverycloseinmeaning,andastudentshouldlearntobequickindetectingsuchdifferences.Agoodcarpenterisnotdistinguishedbythenumberofhistools,butbythecraftsmanshipwithwhichheusesthem.(1.90)Thenumberoftoolsalonedoesnotmakeagoodcarpenter;anditistheskillshehasacquiredthatcan.Part3:Translation在舉出許多事實(shí)并列出一些統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字后，他終于把他的論點(diǎn)說(shuō)清楚了。〔drivesth.home〕Aftercitingmanyfactsandgivinganumberofstatisticalfigures,hefinallydrovehomehispoint.差不多花了半年功夫，我們才完成了那個(gè)研究工程。〔moreorless〕Ittookushalfayearmoreorlesstocarrythroughtheresearchproject.他說(shuō)的話如此微妙，我們很難理解他的真實(shí)意圖?！瞫ubtle〕Whathesaidwassosubtlethatwecouldhardlymakeouthistrueintention.他的新書(shū)一針見(jiàn)血地審視了當(dāng)代的社會(huì)問(wèn)題?！瞫quarely〕Hisnewbooklookssquarelyatthecontemporarysocialproblems.今日的年輕一代對(duì)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的最新知識(shí)很關(guān)注?！瞓ealiveto〕TheyoungergenerationtodayisverymuchalivetothelatestinformationfoundontheInternet.外語(yǔ)是不是在童年更容易學(xué)好？這是一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)問(wèn)題〔amatterof〕Itisamatterofopinionwhetheraforeignlanguageismoreeasilylearnedinone’schildhoodorotherwise.在挫折面前千萬(wàn)不要喪失信心；鼓起勇氣堅(jiān)決不移地去克服它?！瞭akecourage〕Neverloseheartinthefaceofasetback;takecourageanddealwithitsquarely.適量的米飯、肉類、蔬菜、水果構(gòu)成均衡的飲食。〔constitute〕Adequateamountsofrice,meat,vagetables,andfruitconstituteabalanceddiet.Unit2Part1economy:reductionincost;carefulmanagementofmoney,etc.toavoidwastemotive:reason(foranaction);somethingthatmakesapersonchoosetoactinaparticularway.manoeuvre:moveskilfully;driveacarparadox:astatementthatseemsimpossiblebecauseitcontainstwoopposingideasthatarebothtrue,like“morehaste,lessspeed”and“Themoreyoulearn,thelessyouknow”entail:haveasalogicalconsequence;involve,orimplyasanecessarypartorresultinsularityandself-containmentinsularity:thestateofbeingisolatedordetached;(here)narrow-mindednessself-containment:onewhodoesnotseemtoneedotherpeopleorshowtheirfeelings;self-absorbedness;selfishness;self-contentednesspreponderance:asuperiorityinnumberoramountwary:watchful,cautious,oralertalienate:causetobecomeunfriendlyorhostile;estrangePart2Economyisonepowerfulmotiveforcamping,sinceaftertheinitialoutlayuponequipment,orthroughhiringit,thetotalexpensecanbefarlessthanthecostofhotel(1.1)Tospendlessmoneyisamajorreasonwhypeoplechoosetogocamping,becauseoncethe(camping)equipmentispurchasedorrented,thetotalcostcanbemuchlesscomparedwiththatspentonstayinginahotel.Granted,asnobberyofcampingitself,baseduponequipmentandtechniques,alreadyexist;butitisofakindthat,ifhemeetsit,hecanreadilyunderstandanddealwith(1.15)Itistruethatpeople,whoarebetterequippedandmoreskilledatcamping,mightfeelsuperiortothosewhoarenot.However,snobberydemonstratedinsuchcircumstancesisacceptedmoreeasilyandwillnotbetakenseriously.TheopiniondoesnotsurviveexperienceofapopularContinentalcampingplace.(1.29)WhenyougoandseeapopularContinentalcampingplaceforyourself,youwillfindthisargumentisnottrue.Granted,apreponderanceofGermanisacharacteristicthatseemscommontomostMediterraneansites;butasyetthereisnooverwhelminglyspecializedpatronage(1.32)ItistypicalofmostMediterraneancampingsitesthatGermansfromthemajorityofthetravelersthere,butsofarnoneofthesesiteshavebeenvisitedbytravelersofoneexclusivenationality.Part3Translation我覺(jué)得曾見(jiàn)過(guò)他，但一時(shí)想不起他的名字〔escape〕IthoughtIhadmethimbefore,buthisnamejustescapedmeatthemoment.闊別多年，他已經(jīng)不再是我記憶中的那個(gè)純真少年，而變成一個(gè)老于世故的生意人?！瞫ophisticated〕Afteryearsofseparation,hewasnolongertheinnocentladthatIhadremembered;ratherhehadturnedintoasophisticatedbusinessman.“占領(lǐng)華爾街”運(yùn)動(dòng)的起因之一是美國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)日益擴(kuò)大的貧富差距〔affluent〕Oneofthemotivesofthe“OccupyWallStreet”campaignwastheever-wideninggapbetweentheaffluentandtheimpoverishedintheU.S.由于這個(gè)燈塔附近有一個(gè)海軍基地，外國(guó)游客不得登塔?！瞕eny〕

Foreignvisitorsaredeniedaccesstothelight-houseasthereisanavalbasenearby.5.吸毒幾乎毫無(wú)例外地和盜竊、賣淫聯(lián)系在一起?！瞘ohandinhand〕Almostwithoutexception,drugaddictiongoeshandinhandwithrobberyandprostitution.6.這個(gè)高爾夫俱樂(lè)部不對(duì)外開(kāi)放，只為VIP會(huì)員效勞?！瞖xclusively〕Thisgolfclubisnotopentothepublic;itservesexclusivelyVIPclubmembers.7.為討得皇帝歡心，這幾個(gè)皇妃無(wú)所不為。〔vie〕Invyingfortheking’saffectionandfavour,theimperialconcubinesresortedtoeverymeanspossible.8.他小時(shí)候被狗咬過(guò)，所以對(duì)狗一直有點(diǎn)戒心?！瞱aryof〕Hewasbittenbyadogwhenachild,sohehasbeenwaryofdogseversince.Unit3Part1knack:anature/specialskill,talentorability;trickorruseawry:turnedortwistedtowardoneside;askew;awayfromtheexpectedorproperdirection;wrongstaggering:shocking;surprising;amazing;astoundingvestige:thesmallestpossibleamount/trace/remainsprodigy:anunusuallygiftedorintelligent(young)personrecalcitrant:unruly;difficulttomanage,handle,controloroperateahouseofcards:aweakandfragilestructure,plan,ororganization;abubbleineffable:incapableofbeingexpressedinwords;indescribable;unspeakablePart2Inschool,thoughhisteacherssawnospecialtalentinhim,thesignswerealreadythere.(1.23)Inschool,histeachersdidnotfindhimanymoredistinguishedinintelligencethanallhisclassmates,buthisgeniuswasactuallybeginningtoexhibititself.Thuswegottoknowmerelythemanandthefriend,butalsotheprofessional.(1.43)Andso,wecametoknowhimasafriendand,more,asamanofspecialexpertise/knowledgeandgeniusinthescience.Theintensityanddepthofhisconcentrationwerefantastic.Whenbattlingarecalcitrantproblem,heworrieditasananimalworriesitsprey.(1.45)Hehadapenetratingpowertodirectallhisthoughtstowardoneparticularsubject.Whenhewastacklingadifficultproblem,hisunquenchablethirstforasolutionwasasstrongastheeagerdesireofahungrywolfforfood.Adreamy,farawayandyetinwardlookwouldcomeoverhisface.Therewasnoappearanceofconcentration,nofurrowingofthebrow-onlyaplacidinnercommunion.(1.50)There,onhisface,revealedfromhisinnerheartanexpressionthatwassointangibleandsoimperceptible.Hedidnotlooklikebeinglostinthought,withhisbrowsknitted,andhewasjustmeditatingcalmlywithinhimself.Part3:Translation1.他按了下汽車?yán)纫砸鹇飞闲腥说木X(jué)〔alert〕Hehonkedhiscarhorntoalertthepedestrians.2.信息工程的迅速開(kāi)展是人類努力做出嘗試的一個(gè)突出事例?！瞖ndeavour〕Thefastdevelopmentofinformationtechnologyisanoutstandingexampleofhumanendeavour.3.Mary試圖找到恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z(yǔ)言來(lái)表達(dá)她對(duì)老師的感謝?！瞘rope〕Marygropedfortheappropriatewordstoexpressherindebtednesstoherteacher.4.學(xué)校校長(zhǎng)以平易的話語(yǔ)向年輕人傳遞了富有挑戰(zhàn)性的信息?！瞔onvey〕Theschoolprincipal’splainwordsconveyedamessageofchallengetotheyoungpeople.5.不要胡亂擺弄電線，要不然會(huì)引起電線短路。〔temperwith〕Don’ttemperwiththewires,oryoumaycauseashortcircuit.6.他自以為在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中可以戰(zhàn)勝任何對(duì)手，但是過(guò)分的自信使他失敗了?！瞗ailvt.〕Hethoughthecouldbeateveryoneatthecompetition,buthisexcessiveself-confidencefailedhim.7.他說(shuō)的話似乎簡(jiǎn)單明了，但是其中暗含的意思我們沒(méi)能理解?！瞗athom〕Whathesaidseemedsimpleandclear,butthemeaningimpliedwecouldhardlyfathom.8.他試圖把小組漫無(wú)目的的談話引導(dǎo)到一些有建設(shè)性的話題上去。〔steer〕Hetriedtosteerthegroup’srandomtalktowardssomeconstructivesubjects.Unit4Part11.adventure:anunusualorexcitingexperience:anadventureindining2.curiosity:aneagerdesiretoknoworlearn;inquisitiveness3.rudiments:thefirstsimplefactsorrulesofanything:tolearntherudimentsofcookery4.fanatic:apersonwhoseenthusiasmorzealforsomethingisextremeorbeyondnormallimits5.underline:emphasizeorcausetostandout;underscore6.balk:stoporturnawayabruptlyorunexpectedly;avoiddeliberately7.essentialtruth:absolutetruth8.relish:(n)pleasure;enjoyment;anappetiteforsomething;astrongappreciationorliking:arelishforluxury(v)takepleasurein;like;enjoy.Part2WhenIcameuptoBerkeleyfortheentranceexaminationsattheUniversityofCaliforniaIfailedinGreek,Latin,andenoughothersubjectstobeputoffforayear(1.1)IwenttoBerkeleytotakemyentranceexaminationsattheUniversityofCalifornia,inwhichIwasnotabletopassGreekandLatinexams.Thisconstitutedreasonenoughforthecollegetorefusetoenrollme,andIhadtowaitforanotheryearbeforetakinganotherchance.2.Theyaretheboys(andtheybecomethemen)thattheschools,colleges,andtheworldaremadefor(1.7)Theyarethekindofkids(andtheyarenowgrown-upstudents)theschools,collegesandtheworldwouldbegladtoaccept,allpreparedtobetaughtastheyaretoldto.3.Noonetriedtointerestmeinthem;theywereputbeforemeasthingsthatIhadtohavetogetintocollege.Nobodyattemptedtomakemeinterestedinthesubjectandtopicsunderdiscussion,whichwereexactlywhatIneededtolearnatcollege.4.“Goto,boy.theworldisyours.Nothingisdone,nothingisknown.Thegreatestpoemisn’twritten,thebestrailroadisn’tbuildyet,theperfectstatehasn’tbeenthoughtof.Everythingremainstobedone-right,everything.”(1.75)“Comeon,boy.Theworldbelongstoyou.It’sjustlikeablanksheetofpaperwitheverythingwaitingtobeexploredanddiscovered.Themostbeautifulpictureisyettobepaintedandthemostmelodioussongtobecomposed.Thereissomuchremainingtobeaccomplished.Theworldneedstobeperfected.”Part3Translation您能理解他那夸夸其談的長(zhǎng)篇大論的意義嗎？(makeout)Canyoumakeoutthemeaningofhislong-windedharangue?他正在為考試結(jié)果擔(dān)憂，因此根本沒(méi)用心聽(tīng)訪問(wèn)教授的講課?！瞡otintheleast〕Beingworriedabouthisexamresults,hewasnotintheleastattentivetothevisitingprofessor’slecture.是兒童還是成人能更容易地在短期內(nèi)學(xué)會(huì)一門外語(yǔ)的根底知識(shí)？這是一個(gè)有爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題?！瞨udiments〕Isiteasiertoforachildoragrown-uptoacquiretherudimentsofaforeignlanguageinashortperiodoftime?Thisisacontroversialquestion.他所說(shuō)的關(guān)于短訓(xùn)班的事對(duì)你有吸引力嗎？〔appealto〕Didwhathesaidabouttheshort-termtrainingcourseappealtoyou?史蒂夫。喬布斯的傳紀(jì)鼓舞著他在研究工作中作出更多有創(chuàng)意的努力?！瞚nspire〕ThebiographyofSteveJobsinspiredhimtogreatercreativeeffortsindoingresearch.對(duì)西部貧困地區(qū)沒(méi)有時(shí)機(jī)接受正常教育的孩子我們應(yīng)該不聞不問(wèn)嗎？〔indifferent〕Shouldwebeindifferenttothechildrenwhoaredeniedtheopportunityofanormaleducationintheimpoverishedregionsinthewest?7.校委會(huì)最近作出的決定對(duì)我們的課程設(shè)置沒(méi)有什么影響?！瞓earon〕Thedecisionmaderecentlybytheschoolboardhadlittletobearonourcurriculum.8.這條船造得很牢固，經(jīng)得起任何風(fēng)暴的襲擊〔withstand〕Theshipwassostronglybuiltthatitcanwithstandanystorm.Unit5Part11.attributedto:consideredorbelievedtobedoneorcausedby2.savant:alearnedman/scholar;someonewhoknowsalotaboutasubject;someonewhohasmentalproblemsandmayhavelowerintelligencethanaverage,butcandoonethingverywell,suchasaddingnumbersveryquickly.3.corollary:somethingthatisthedirectresultofsomethingelse;apracticalconsequencethatfollowsnaturally.4.shoddy:cheapandinferior(inquality);madeordonecheaplyandbadly.5.forestall:preventfromhappeningorarising;makeimpossible;actinadvanceof;dealwithaheadoftime6.dothetrick:performthefunction;make/beeffective7.seaworthiness:fitnessforaseavoyage;fitnesstotraversetheseas8.evoke:produceorcallforth(emotions,feelings,andresponses)9.fashion:makesomethingfromsomething,usinghandsoronlyafewtools10.alienationfromthecompanyanditsproducts:afeelingofnotbelongingtothecompanyandnotbeinginvolvedintheproductionofgoodsPart21.Muchofhumanexistenceconsistofeffortsaimedatmakingsurethatthingsdon’tgowrong,fallapart,breakdown,orstoprunninguntiladecentintervalhaselapsedaftertheirmanufacture.(1.5)Wehave,formostofourlifetime,beenstrivinghardtopreventourthingsfrommalfunctioningorgettingbrokendownatleasttillafterarelativelylongerperiodoftheirapplication.2.ButgadgetsandsamplingalonewillneverdothetricksincetheseitemsarealsosubjecttoMurphy’sLaw.(1.10)ToavoidtheeffectofMurphy’sLaw,onecannotdependonspecialquality-controlinstrumentsandscientificsamplingproceduresonly,becausetheyarealsogovernedbythesamelaw.3.Inunskilledoruncaringhandsahandmadebasketorboatcanfallapartasquicklyasbasketsorboatsmadebymachines.(1.24)Machine-madeandhandmadebasketorboatsalikemaysoonbebrokenwhenputtoapplicationbyaninattentiveandrecklessuser.4.Thelagerthecompanyandthemorecomplexitsdivisionoflabor,thegreaterthesumofuncaringrelationshipsandhencethegreatertheeffectofMurphy’sLaw.(1.51)Inlargecompanieswithamorerefinedwork-sharingsystem,relationsbetweenpeopletendtobelesssocaredfor,andMurphy’sLaw,therefore,islikelytobemoreapplicable.Part3Translation1.無(wú)法回避的嚴(yán)酷現(xiàn)實(shí)澆滅了他們對(duì)美好未來(lái)的浪漫憧憬?！瞕ispel〕Theharshrealitytheycouldnotevadedispelledalltheirromantichopesforarosyfuture.2.由于不可預(yù)料的天氣，我們的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將延期到下周舉行。〔postpone〕Oursportsmeetwillbepostponedtonextweekbecauseoftheunpredictableweather.3.但凡來(lái)參觀展覽會(huì)的人，不管是誰(shuí)都必須出示他.她的身份證?！瞡omatter〕Everyvisitortothisexhibitionmustshowhis/heridentitycardnomatterwhohe/sheis.4.舊城中心的改造方案要得到市政府的批準(zhǔn)?！瞓esubjectto〕Therenovationplanfortheoldcitycentreissubjecttotheapprovalofthemunicipalgovernment.5.一次又一次的挫折和失敗并沒(méi)有使他的希望破滅?！瞱ither〕Theexperienceofrepeatedsetbacksandfailuresdidnotwitherawayhishopes.6.電子郵件傳遞信息又快又便利，已經(jīng)在相當(dāng)大的程度上替代了傳統(tǒng)的郵遞?！瞨eplace〕E-mailissoquickandconvenientinsendingmessagethatithasalreadyreplacedtraditionalmailservicetoalargeextent.7.看到長(zhǎng)城使他產(chǎn)生一種驚訝的感覺(jué)?！瞖voke〕ThesightoftheGreatWallevokedasenseofwonderinhim.8.質(zhì)量控制工具的保養(yǎng)是會(huì)很昂貴的。〔maintenance〕Themaintenanceofquality-controlinstrumentscanbeverycostly.Unit6Part11.aggressive:makinganall-outefforttowinorsucceed;competitive(anaggressivebasketballplayer);vigorouslyenergetic,esp.intheuseofinitiativeandforcefulness(anaggressivesalesperson)2.solid:sound/proved/reliable/dependable(solidfacts/evidence/citizen)3.scrutinize:lookatcriticallyorsearchingly,orinminutedetail4.ingredient:anelementinamixtureorcompound5.deplete:useup(supplies,money,energy,etc);reduceorexhaust;emptyentirelyorpartially6.roundup:acollectionorsummaryofnewsitems,suchasaweatherroundup,newsroundup,etc.(Tuneinatelevenforaroundupoftheday’snews);theactofgatheringtogetherlivestock,esp.cattle,sothattheymaybebranded,counted,orsold7.envision:imaginesomethingthatyouthinkmighthappeninthefuture,esp.somethingthatwillbegood8.caricature:arepresentationofapersoninliteratureorartmadesothatpartsofhisbodyappearmorenoticeable,odd,oramusing9.transmit:sendorconveyfromonepersonorplacetoanother;conveybyorasifbyinheritanceorheredityPart21.Thenewsmediaseemtooperateonthephilosophythatallnewsisbadnews.(1.15)Thebeliefthatallnewsisbadnewsseemstobetheworkingprinciple/conceptuponwhichday-to-daymediaactivitiesarecarriedout.2.Civilizationisalotmorethanthesuntotalofitscatastrophes.(1.24)Eventsaboutintellectual,cultural,andmoralrefinement/advancement/progressinourculture/civilizationtodayprevailovernegativeevents.3.Iamnotsuggestingthat“positive”newsbecontrivedasanantidotetothedisastersonpageone.(1.35)Iamnotsayingthatarrangementsshouldbemade,asaremedy,tohavethefrontpagedevotedexclusivelytothereportageof“positive”news.4.Theworldisasplendidcombinationofheavenandhell,andbothsectorscallforattentionandscrutiny.(1.39)Therearegoodhappeningsandbadhappeningsperceivedinthisworldoftoday,whichshouldbegivenequalimportancetoinbothourobservationandstudy.Part3Translation1.如果對(duì)這臺(tái)器械有不清楚的地方，你可以寫信到我們總公司去詢問(wèn)?！瞐ddress〕Ifthereisanythingyouarenotclearaboutthedevice,addressyourinquirytoourheadoffice.2.在執(zhí)行方案之前，我們最好把它的每一個(gè)方面考慮仔細(xì)，看看是否切實(shí)可行?！瞫crutinize〕Beforeweputthenewplanintopractice,wehadbetterscrutinizeeveryaspectofittomakesurethatitispracticable.3.新的規(guī)章執(zhí)行后，我們預(yù)期這地區(qū)的治安情況會(huì)有好轉(zhuǎn)?！瞐changeforthebetter〕Weexpectthattherewillbeachangeforthebetterinthesecuritysituationofthisareaafterthenewregulationsareimplemented.4.不要把他的話當(dāng)真。他不過(guò)是開(kāi)個(gè)玩笑而已?！瞝iterally〕Don’ttakehiswordsliterally.He’sjustcrackingajoke.5.在農(nóng)業(yè)中應(yīng)用固炎作用〔nitrogenfixation〕的前景良好?！瞤rospect〕Theprospectofemployingnitrogenfixationinagricultureispromising.6.他想創(chuàng)造一種不留痕跡的涂改液，但卻以失敗而告終?！瞔ontrive〕Hisattemptatcontrivingacorrectingfluidwhichleavesnomarksonpaperendedinfailure.7.那個(gè)外國(guó)人不會(huì)說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)，他用手勢(shì)表達(dá)他的要求，但是無(wú)法把意思表達(dá)出來(lái)?！瞘etsth.across〕TheforeignerwhodidnotspeakChinesegesturedtomakearequest,buthejustcouldn’tgethisideaacross.8.他不考慮這件事有多么緊迫而斷然拒絕，不留一絲余地。〔onceandforall〕Withoutconsideringtheurgencyofthematter,hegaveusaflatrefusal,onceandforall.Unit7Part1:dramatic(line29):sudden,surprisingandnotice.e.g.dramaticdevelopment/rise/changeclutch(to/onto/at)(line31):holdsomethingtightlylestitshouldgetloste.g.1)Terrifiedbythenoise,thesmallchildclutched(onto)hermother’shand.2)Feelinghimselfdrowning,themanclutchedatastraw.transience(line33):short-time/briefcontinuityasin“thetransienceoffame”e.g.1)Kate,afamousEnglishpoet,expressesthenotionofthepermanenceofartandtransienceofhumanlifeinhismasterpiece“OdeonGrecianUrn”2)Somepeoplebelievethateachbirthdayisanothersteptowardtheend,andwhatwecelebrateatbirthdaygatheringisnotonlyourgrowth,butourtransience.4.embed〔in/withusu.pass.〕(line43):fixfirmlyanddeeplyin(amassofsurroundingmatter);causetobeanintegralpartofasurroundingwhole.e.g.1)agoldcrownembeddedwithjewels.2)Thatterribledaywillbeforeverembeddedinmymemory.5.boutique(line64):asmallshopthatsellsfashionableclothes,shoes,jewellery,etc.6.sumptuous(line66):veryimpressiveandexpensive;luxuriousandshowingwealthe.g.1)asumptuousfeast/palace.2)Thegueststurnedupinsumptuouseveninggowns.7.devil-may-care(line75):easygoing/carefree;careless/reckless/unconcernede.g.1)Hedrivethatsportscarofhisinadevil-may-caremanner.2)Seeinghisson’s“devil-may-care”sortofattitudetowardstheproblem,hesuddenlysankintohisarmchair.8.mentality(lin80):thestateorqualityofmentalorintellectualability;awayofthinking;ahabitualorcharacteristicmentalattitude(thatdetermineshowoneinterpretsandrespondstosituations.)e.g.1)Hisweirdmentality/get-rich-quickmentality.2)Ican’tunderstandthementalityofanyonewhowoulddoaterriblethinglikethat.9.supplant(line84):taketheplaceormoveintothepositionofapersonorthing,oftenbytricksordeceit.e.g.1)SmithsupplantedMillerasCEOafterMillerleft.2)Thecomputerhassupplantedthesliderule.Part2:1.LittlegirlsadoreBarbiebecausesheishighlyrealisticandeminentlydress-update.(l.3)ThereasonwhyBarbieappealssomuchtolittlegirlsisthatshelooksextremelylikearealpersoninreallife,whocanbedressedupinawaytheywishto.2.Theoceanofman-madephysicalobjectsthatsurroundsusissetwithinalargeroceanofnaturalobjects.Butincreasingly,itisthetechnologicallyproducedenvironmentthatmattersfortheindividual.(l.15)Materialobjectsthatarenotmadebymanoutnumbermaterialobjectsthataremadebyman.Butmanmadeproductshavemoreandmoreformedanimportantanindispensableparttothelivesofpeople.3.Theirnumberisexpendingwithexplosiveforce,bothabsolutelyandrelativetothenaturalenvironment.(l.20)Therehasbeentremendousincreaseinmachine-produceditemsintermsoftheiractualamountaswellastheirphysicalsizeinproportiontoournaturalenvironment.4.NothingcouldbemoredramaticthanthedifferencebetweenthenewbreedoflittlegirlswhocheerfullyturnintheirBarbiesforthenewimprovedmodelandthosewho,liketheirmothersandgrandmothersbeforethem,clutchlingeringlyandlovinglytothesamedolluntilitdisintegratesfromsheerage.(l.28)Thisdifferencegiverisetoamostinterestingsceneofcontrastwheremodernthrow-away-orientedgirlsaredelightedinhavingtheirout-of-dateBarbiesreplacedforup-to-datemodels,whereastheirold-fashionedcounterparts,liketheirmothersandgrandmothers,hatetopartwiththeirdearlittledollsuntiltheyaretimewornandbroke/untiltheyfallapart.5.Theideaofusingaproduceonceorforabriefperiodandthenreplacingit,runscountertothegrainofsocietiesorindividualssteepedinaheritageofpoverty.(l.44)Thepracticewherebypeopleuseaproduceandquicklydiscarditmayreadilyberejectedbythosewhoareaccustomedfromscarcitytoholdingontotheiroldpossessions.Part3:Translation1.他怪異的行為有悖于一般的良好行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)〔runcounterto〕Hisparticularbehaviourruncountertothepopularconceptofgoodconduct.2.可以肯定的是，歷史上鮮有人能同時(shí)在科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的成就比牛頓更突出?！瞚mpact〕WhatiscertainisthatfewpeopleinhistoryhavecreatedagreaterimpactthanNewtononthedevelopmentofbothscienceandmathematics.3.你不該嘲笑孩子的失敗，應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)他們?cè)偃L試?！瞕eride〕Youarenotsupporttoderidechildrenfortheirfailures;youshouldencouragethemtotryagain,instead.4.在Judy畢業(yè)典禮的那天，她的叔叔嬸嬸以豐富的晚餐來(lái)款帶她?！瞫umptuous〕Onhergraduationday,Judywastreatedtoasumptuousdinnerbyheruncleandaunt.5.對(duì)于他在公司的過(guò)往表現(xiàn)，沒(méi)有人有什么不滿。〔withrespectto〕Withrespecttohispastrecordinthefilm,noonehasanythingtocomplainabout.6.他們的自由與我們的自由息息相關(guān)，我們不能單獨(dú)行動(dòng)?！瞚nextricably〕Theirfreedomisinextricablyboundtoours.Wecannotactalone.7.我年邁的叔祖母不習(xí)慣使用市場(chǎng)上盛行的一次性物品?！瞕isposable〕Myagedgreatauntisnotusedtothedisposablegoodswhichfloodthemarkettoday.8.他在考試中作弊被抓住后，名字馬上被從應(yīng)考者名單上刪去?！瞖liminate〕Hisnamewasimmediatelyeliminatedfromthelistofcandidatesafterhewascaughtcheatingintheexam.Unit8Part1:spam(line1):aninvoluntarymuscularcontraction:muscle/muscular/facial/back/shoulder/throat,etc.Spam;asuddenviolent/strong/feelingorreactionforabriefperiodoftime2.futile(line3):meaningless/pointless/useless/ineffective:be/prove/seemfutile;consider/describesth.asfutile;absolutely/completely/quite/utterly/apparently/seeminglyfutile3.insinuate(line3):introduce/suggest〔sth.〕graduallyandindirectly(into)4.undue(line6):morethanisreasonable/suitable/necessary;alittleexcessive:(under)undueinfluence/pressure/stress/strain/delay,etc.5.policy(line7):aparticularprinciple/strategy/approachofactionthatoneadoptstoguideone’sdecisionorbehavior6.improvise(line9):makeordowithoutpreparation/practice/sufficientmaterial,etc.;invent/provide/accomplishoffhand7.Commandn.(line9):order8.gratify(line27):satisfy/grant:gratifyadesire/wish/whim,etc.9.caprice(line24):suddenwishtohaveordosomething;whim/fancy10.harmony(line34):pleasantcombination/astateofagreement:achieve/maintain/preserve/foster/promote,etc.harmony;absolute/complete/perfect/reasonable/relative,etc.harmony;harmonyin/betweenwith,etc.11.banish(line38):trytostopthinkingaboutsb.orsth.;driveout;getridof:banishthememory/thought/image,etc.(ofsb./sth.)Part2:1.Itisnousestartinglateinlifetosay:“Iwilltakeaninterestinthisorthat.”O(jiān)neshouldnotwaittillhehasgrownfairlyoldandsay,“I’mgoingtotakethisorthatasmyhobby.”2.Itisnousedoingwhatyoulike;youhavegottolikewhatyoudo.Itismoreadvisablethatyoufurthercultivateahobbyyoualreadyformedinsteadofattemptingtopursueanewhobby.3.Forthemdisciplineinoneformoranotheristhemosthopefulpath.Takingupahobbyisthemosteffectivewaytosolvetheirproblem.4.Thelonghoursintheofficeorthefactorybringwiththemastheirreward,notonlythemeasofsustenance,butthekeenappetiteforpleasureeveninitssimplestandmostmodestforms.Peoplearepaidasarewardfortheirlonghours’workinofficeorfactory,benefiting,inthemeantime,byastrongwishforpleasurethatahobby,evenapettyhobby,myoffer.5.Indeed,itmaywellbethatthoseworkistheirpleasurearethosewhomostneedthemeansofbanishingitatintervalsfromtheirminds.Inactualfact,thosewhoregardworkastheonlysourceoftheirpleasureareinmoreurgentneedofaperiodicadjustmentfromthestrainofmind.Part3.:Translation他企圖影射 John是肇事者，結(jié)果是徒勞的?！瞚nsinuate,futile〕HisattemptatinsinuatingthatJohnwastheculpritturnedouttobefutile.每當(dāng)未能完成期望他做的事時(shí)，他都善于臨時(shí)編個(gè)借口來(lái)為自己開(kāi)脫?！瞚mprovise〕Heisverycleveratimprovisingexcuseseachtimehefailstodowhatisexpectedofhim.他的西藏之行可以讓他想?yún)⒂^布達(dá)拉宮的愿望如愿以償了。〔gratify〕HistriptoTibetmaywellgratifyhisdesiretoseethePotala.這家公司人力資源雄厚，足以應(yīng)對(duì)其他大公司的挑戰(zhàn)?！瞔ommand〕Thiscorporationcommandsdistinguishedhumanresource,richenoughtomeetchallengesfromotherbigcorporations.我認(rèn)為這恐怕不是我們雙方都能接受的變通方法。我們難道想不出一個(gè)更好的方案來(lái)處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題？〔alternative〕Idon’tthinkthatcouldbeanacceptablealternativeforbothofus.Can’twecomeupwithabetteroneforthisproblem.總愛(ài)胡思亂想和動(dòng)不動(dòng)就心血來(lái)潮都是有害的?！瞔aprice〕Itisharmfultoindulgeinwhimsandcaprices.對(duì)不屬于你的東西不要有非分之想?！瞝ayone’shandson;beentitledto〕Trynottolayyourhandsonanythingthatyouarenotentitledto.他沒(méi)來(lái)參加競(jìng)賽。很可能把這件事全給忘了?！瞚tmaywellbethat〕Hedidnotcometothecompetition.Itmaywellbethatheforgottenallaboutit.Unit9Part1:ambivalent(line2):unsure;havingmixed,uncertain,orconflictingfeelingsaboutsomethingleadership(line4):agroupofpeoplewholead;leaderstiming(line4)