Strukturbiochemie中子散射1課件

Strukturbiochemie中子散射2024/4/16Strukturbiochemie中子散射[1]Donnerstag,17:00–19:00Uhr10.05.200724.05.200707.06.200721.06.200705.07.2007->ExkursionzurGKSSTermineStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1]Neutronen-undR?ntgenstreuung (gel?steSysteme)-3hFluoreszenzspektroskopie (verschiedeneVarianten)-2hSurfacePlasmonResonance-1hInfrarot-undCD-Spektroskopie-2hMassenspektroskopie-1hZetaPotential-1hThemenderVorlesung:Strukturbiochemie中子散射[1]AllgemeineVorbemerkungen:Strukturbiochemie-wasistdas?ErforschtdieStrukturvonProteinen,Nukleins?uren,Lipiden,Zucker…..Komplexen(Ribosomen,Membranen,Zellen)…ErforschtdieFunktionundDynamikvonMolekülenUntersuchtdieWechselwirkungvonMolekülenStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1](Protein)strukturanalyseDiewichtigstenDatenbanken/pdb/home/home.doStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1]EMNMRStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1]/BLAST/Strukturbiochemie中子散射[1]/entrezStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1]/NDB/NDBATLAS/NucleicAcidDataBase/NDB/index.htmlStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1]URLfunktioniertgerademalnichtStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1]Strukturbiochemie中子散射[1]LiteraturGoogle/Wikipedia!Pingoud&C.Urbanke:ArbeitsmethodenderBiochemie,deGryuter(1997)

R.Winter&F.Noll:MethodenderbiophysikalischenChemie,Teubner(1998)

Internet:PubMed:ScienceDirect:

Strukturbiochemie中子散射[1]Grundlagen:WechselwirkungmitMaterieKontrastvariationAufbaueinesInstrumentesDatenaufnahmeundAuswertungStrukturanalyseanBeispielenNeutronen-undR?ntgenstreuung(gel?steSysteme)

Strukturbiochemie中子散射[1]AccessableSizeRegimesatomicstructuremicellespolymersproteinsvirusbacterianeutrondiffractionX-raydiffractionelectrondiffractionSANSSAXSopticalmicroscopeelectronmicroscopeatomicforcemicroscopeLSSize/mScatteringMicroscopyStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1]IntroductiontoScatteringWhattypeofscatteringdoyouknow?electromagneticwavesLightscatteringX-Rayscatteringelectromagneticwaves–shortwavelengthNeutronscatteringparticles(Electronscattering)chargedparticlesHowdotheprobesinteract?OnlyElasticScattering!Strukturbiochemie中子散射[1]InelasticscatteringTransferofenergy/momentuminto/fromthesampleatomsProbesdynamics(structuralfluctuations)MainlyusedwithneutronsStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1]InteractionofRadiationwithMatterStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1]InteractionofRadiationwithMatterInteractionwithelectronsLightscatteringInteractionwithelectronsX-rayscatteringScattering‘strength’isproportionaltoZInteractionwithelectronspinpossibleInteractionwithnuclei(protonsandneutrons)NeutronscatteringScattering‘strength’doesnotvarysystematicallyInteractionwithnuclearspinpossibleInteractionwithelectronsandelectronspinpossibleStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1]AtomicScatteringfactors/lengthHR.Winter,F.Noll:MethodenderbiophysikalischenChemie,Teubner(1998)

X-RaysNeutrons

atomicmass/gmol-1Strukturbiochemie中子散射[1]ComparisonNeutron-andX-ray-scatteringlength

somerelevantelements[10-12cm]

n X-ray1H -0.37 0.282H 0.67 0.2812C 0.66 1.6814N 0.94 1.9616O 0.58 2.2431P 0.51 4.232S 0.28 4.4856Fe 0.95 6.72Strukturbiochemie中子散射[1]NeutronScatteringLength

ofbiologicalrelevantelements[10-12cm][F.Sears(1986),H.Gl?ttliundM.Goldmann(1987)]X-RaySpeciality:AnomalousScattering(ASAXS)Strukturbiochemie中子散射[1] Neutrons X-RaysIntensity low highH-sensitivity high noneIsotope-sensitivity strong noneHeavyelements low highSpin-sensitivity strong averagePenetrationdepth high lowSamplesize/amount large smallMeasurementtime long shortInteractionwith nuclei electronshell electronshell unsystematic a

ZRadiationdamage none high

ToRemember:Strukturbiochemie中子散射[1]ToRemember:@H.Zabel,BochumStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1]Contrast

VariationWhenthemonstercame,Lola,likethepepperedmothandthearctichare,remainedmotionlessandundetected.Haroldofcourse,wasimmediatelydevoured.Strukturbiochemie中子散射[1]TheConceptofContrastVariationContrast=DifferenceofScatteringLengthDensitiesStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1]X-RayScatteringNeutronScatteringVolumeFractionD2OScatteringLengthDensityoftheSolvent[1010cm/cm3]ScatteringLengthDensityoftheSolute[1010cm-2]WaterSugarContrast=DifferenceofScatteringLengthDensitiesp(R)=rParticle(R)-rLM(R)p(R)=rParticle(R)-rLMr(R)=ScatteringLengthDensitiy=SumofScatteringLengthofallAtomsinaVolumeStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1]TheConceptofContrastVariationContrast=DifferenceofScatteringLengthDensitiesChangeofsolventcompositionChangeofsamplecomposition->IsotopicsubstitutionChangeofscatteringprocessUsually:CombinationofthemStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1]Examples:Polymer-SurfactantInteractionJuhaMertaandPerStenius:HelsinkiUniversityofTechnology,Espoo,FinlandVasilM.HaramusMaterials:SyntheticCationicPolymer:Poly(diallyldimethylammoniumchloride)–

PDADMACM=5–50

104,<M>~30104

AnionicSurfactant:Sodiumhexadecanoate,

NaPal

-C15H31COONa,CAC~0.1mM,CMC=1.6mM,Kraftpoint~62oCMotivation:Howdochargedpolymersinteractwithchargedsurfactants?'Application':forexamplemodelforprotein-surfactantorDNA-surfactantinteractionusedinpaperindustriestopurifycelluloseortoimprovepaperqualityFuture:softelectronics->organicswitchesHowarethetwocomponentsorganized?Strukturbiochemie中子散射[1]InternalContrastVariationC15H31COONa-NaPal(H)C15D31COONa-NaPal(D)SolventD2O-10-50510152025303540contrastintensityNaPal(H)NaPal(D)PDADMAC[1010cm-2][1020cm-4]WhereisthesurfactantNaPalandwherethepolymerPDADMAC?Examples:Polymer-SurfactantInteractionSurfactantStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1]HDPDADMAC/NaPal/D2Odifferenceinthedistributionofsurfactantandpolymerintheaggregatesonthelengthscaleof20-30?.Examples:Polymer-SurfactantInteractionInternalContrastVariationStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1]Examples:Polymer-SurfactantInteractionConclusion:ShellStructureofPDADMAC/NaPal:SurfactantCore&PolymereShellHDDmax=55?,RCS,gNaPal(H)-16±1?NaPal(D)-24±1?J.Merta,V.M.Garamus,R.Willumeit,P.Stenius(2002)Langmuir,18,7272-7278DistanceDistributionStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1]CompositionofbacterialribosomesMass:2.4×106DaDiameter:270?Mass:1.5×106DaDiameter:230?Mass:0.9×106DaDiameter:200?[R.JünemannundK.H.Nierhaus:NaturwissenschaftlicheRundschau

10(1993)391-400]Strukturbiochemie中子散射[1]D.I.Svergunetal.:JMB271(1997)602-618RibosomeStructuresStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1]D.I.Svergunetal.:JMB271(1997)602-618RibosomeStructuresStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1]D.I.Svergunetal.:JMB271(1997)602-618ShapeandRNA-distributionModellingRibosomeStructuresStrukturbiochemie中子散射[1]NeutronScatteringLength

ofbiologicalrelevant