版權(quán)說(shuō)明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)
文檔簡(jiǎn)介
-10-ChapterOneIntroductionSinceitsinception,movieshavebecomeanimportantmeansofcommunicationandculturalcarrierforhumanity.WiththedeepeningofChina’sopennessandtheaccelerationofeconomicdevelopment,culturalchangesbetweenChinaandothercountriesarebecomingincreasinglysignificant,andmovieshavebecomeanimportantcomponentofthem.Withthecontinuousdeepeningofculturalexchange,manytraditionaltranslationtheoriesonlyfocusonthelanguagelevelandcannotmeettheneedsoftranslation,makingitdifficulttomeettherequirementsoftranslation.TheFunctionalismtranslationtheory,whichoriginatedinGermanyinthe1970s,interpretstranslationactivitiesfromanewperspective,andregardssubtitletranslationasapurposefulbehavior,withtheaimofmakingiteasierfortheaudiencetounderstandandabsorbforeigncultures,andultimatelyachievingthegoalofculturalexchange.TheguidingtheoryoffilmsubtitletranslationinthisthesisistheGermanFunctionalismskopostranslationtheory.Accordingtothistheory,determiningtranslationisagoal.Thepurposeoftranslationistodeterminethemethodoftranslation.Themainprincipleofthetranslationprocessisthepurposeoftheentiretranslationactivity.Unlikeothertranslationtheories,agoodtranslationisnotnecessarilyequivalenttotheoriginaltext,butratheratranslationthatcanachievethetranslationpurpose.Translatorscanfreelychooseanexecutabletranslationstrategytoachievetheirowntranslationgoals.Thisispossible,anditalsoreflectsthebasicprinciplesofteleologyregardingthemeansofdeterminingthepurpose.SkopostheorytranslationwasproposedbyRiessandVermeerofGermanyinthelate1970sandearly1980s.Withinthistheoreticalframework,oneofthemostimportantfactorsdeterminingthepurposeoftranslationisthetranslator.Thetargetrecipientoraudienceofthetargettexthasaglobalunderstandingofaspecificculture,theirexpectations,andtheircommunicationneeds.Alltranslationsaretailoredtospecificclients,andskopostheoryhasbeendevelopedasthefoundationofgeneraltranslationtheory,whichcanincludetheoriesdealingwithspecificlanguagesandcultures.InKatharineReissandVermeer(1984),Reiss’sconceptoftherelationshipbetweentexttypesandtranslationtechniqueswasintegratedintospecifictheorieswithinVermeer’sgeneraltheoreticalframework.Skopostheoryincludesthreeprinciples:skopos,coherence,andfidelity.Therelationshipbetweenthesethreeprinciplesistofollowtheprincipleofconsistencyinaccordancewiththeprincipleofconsistency.DesperateHousewivesisapopularAmericantelevisionseriesthatbeganairingonhigh-definitiontelevisiononABCin2004.ThisperformancetookplaceonastreetcalledWisteriaLaneinthesuburbantownofFair-view.Thedramaquicklyreachedthetopoftheratingschartfromitsfirstepisode,andthetermDesperateHousewifeimmediatelybecameaculturalphenomenon.ThisTVdrama,broadcastbyABC,wasagreatsuccessduringtheseasonandreceivedmanycriticalreviews.ThetitleofthisTVdramaDesperateHousewiveshasbecomeaphenomenon,showcasingAmericancultureandlife.ThisTVdramareflectsculturalphenomenaandlanguagecharacteristics.AmericanmoviesandTVdramasarebecomingincreasinglypopularinChina.Therefore,thereisanurgentneedforthequantificationandqualityofsubtitletranslation.ThetitleofthisTVdramaDesperateHousewiveshasbecomeaphenomenon,showcasingAmericancultureandlife.ThisTVdramareflectsculturalphenomenaandlanguagecharacteristics.AmericanmoviesandTVdramasarebecomingincreasinglypopularinChina.Therefore,thereisanurgentneedforthequantificationandqualityofsubtitletranslation.ChapterTwoOverviewofSubtitleTranslation2.1IntroductiontoSubtitleTranslationSubtitletranslationisanactivityandproductthatprovidessimultaneoussubtitlesforaudiovisualproductssuchasmoviesandtelevision.Subtitletranslationreferstothetranslationoforiginallanguagedialoguesinmoviesortelevisionintosubtitlesasthetargetlanguage.Usuallyatthebottomofthescreen,subtitletranslationhasbecomeincreasinglypopularinChinainrecentyearsbecausecomparedtotranslatingmovies,subtitletranslationcannotonlygreatlysavecosts,butalsosaveproductiontime,acceleratemoviereleasespeed,andachieveglobalsynchronousreleaseassoonaspossible.subtitletranslationishard.Whileachievingtheeffectofeliminatingenemies,allowingthetargetlanguageaudiencetoexperiencethemostauthenticexoticatmosphereandlanguagecharm,subtitlesnotonlyremindtheaudienceofwatchingthemovie,butalsoremindthemofthedualexperienceofreadingmeaning.2.2BasicPrinciplesofSubtitleTranslationFidelityprincipleFidelityisthemostimportantprincipleintranslation.Ofcourse,loyaltyisnotacompleteequalityofallwords,butafaithfulrepresentationofinformationandtransmissionofmeaning.Onlythefaithfulcancompletethetranslationprocess.Becauseitisfaithful,theexistenceofthetranslationisguaranteed.However,loyaltyisnecessaryinprinciple,andthedegreecanbeadjustedandcontrolled.PrincipleofconcisenessFilmsubtitlesaresubjecttovariouslimitationsoftimeandspace.Therefore,intermsofexpression,itisnecessarytoconciseandabstractandnomodification.Fromtheviewpointoftranslationitself,itisalsoimportanttoavoiddelay.Inthesubtitletranslation,thishasbecomeaprinciplethatmustalreadybeprotected.Thesubtitletranslationisverydifferentfromtheliterarytranslationinthegeneralmeaning.Thevisualeffectsandsubtitlesofthemovieappearsimultaneously,soifthecontentofthecaptionisdifficultanddifficulttounderstand,theviewer’sattentionisdistributed.Theappearanceofthecaptionisnotonlydisadvantageoustotheviewer’sunderstanding,butitalsobecomesanobstacletotheaudienceappreciationofthemovie,andtheconceptionappearsnotonlyinthestructureofthesentencebutalsointheselectionoftheword,andthefactisdescribedbeforethecommentiswrittenasfaraspossible.Trytoputtheattributeinfrontandstatethefactsbeforedescribingthecriticaltext.PrincipleoflessannotationBecauseoftheculturaldifferencesbetweentheoriginalobjects,manytranslatorsinthetranslationliketohelpreadersunderstandinthewayofannotations,andtheuseofannotationsisincreasinglyrespected,forexample,submissionofannotationrelatedtheories.Inrecentyears,posttranslationshavereceivedwidespreadattentionfromtheliterarytranslationcommunity,andmoreandmoretranslatorsandresearchershavegenerallyacceptedthistranslationtheory.Thismethodcanprovidelimitedinterpretationandinterpretationofthetext,enablingreaderstobetterunderstandtheoriginalcontentandbreakculturalbarriers.Itisnotrecommendedtousetoomuchexplanatorytext.Advocateusingconciselanguagetofullyexpressmeaning.2.3CharacteristicsofSubtitleTranslationTimelinessThenatureofamoviedeterminesthatthelanguageofsubtitletranslationmustbesufficientlyimmediate,thatis,thesoundsandimagesinthemovieappearinstantaneouslywiththeplot.Andsubtitletranslationwilldisappearinaveryshorttime.Asaresult,viewershavealmostnotimetothinkaboutanyissuestheydon’tunderstand,letalonecomebackandreadthemtwice,likereadingliterarybooks.Therefore,thesubtitlesofamovieorTVprogramcannotbetoolongortooshort,whichmeansthatitshouldleaveenoughtimefortheaudiencetobrowseallthesubtitleswithoutfeelingleftbehind.Therefore,thetranslatorshoulduselimitedlanguagetoconveytheintentionofthecharacters,anduseappropriateandconcisetargetlanguagetomatchrapidlychangingscenes.PopularityThetargetaudienceforfilmswithdifferenteducationalbackgroundscomesfromalllevelsofsociety,sosubtitletranslationshouldconformtotheculturallevelofthepublic.Thespecificlanguagerequirementsarevividenoughandeasytounderstand,whichareusuallycloselyrelatedtopeople’sdailylife.Therefore,asasubtitletranslator,hemustdohisbesttoconveythemeaningoftheoriginalworktodifferenttargetaudienceswiththemostconcisetranslation,helpingthemenjoythefilmwithoutdifficulty,andultimatelyachievingthegoalofculturalexchange.SynchronizationSynchronizationreferstothefactthatsubtitlesmustbesynchronizedwiththeimagesandsoundsappearinginmoviesorTVprograms,whichrequiresmatchingthedialogueandtheimagesduringthetranslationprocess.Toputitanotherway,thesubtitletobeappliedmustbesynchronizedwiththeimageassociatedwiththeconversionofcolloquialandwrittenlanguagesandproperdeletionoftheoriginalconversation.Inthiscase,informationlossisinevitable.Therefore,themaintaskofthesubtitletranslatoristofindbalancebetweenthesetwoproblemsandminimizethedeleteriouseffectofdeletion.ComprehensivenessInabroadsense,theartoffilmandtelevisionprogramsisnotonlyanaudio-visualart,butalsoacomprehensiveart.Thecombinationoffilm,sound,actorperformance,andbackgroundmusic.Dialogueplaysanimportantroleintheelaboration,modification,andpresentationofperformances.Inreturn,theperformanceenhancesthepowerandmeaningofthedialogue.Soforsubtitletranslator,theyshouldattachimportancetotheinfluenceofmouthshape,pauses,orbodymovementsinthedialogue,whichhelpstheaudiencefullyappreciatethefilm.ChapterThreeAnalysisofSubtitleTranslationofDesperateHousewivesundertheGuidanceofSkoposTheory3.1AnalysisofSubtitleTranslationofDesperateHousewivesBasedonthePrincipleofSkoposTheprincipleofskoposisthecoreprinciple.Inotherwords,thepurposeoftranslationdeterminestheentireprocessoftranslationbehavior.Thepurposeoftranslationisalsotherequirementsoftranslation,includingthepurpose,time,location,context,media,andfunctionoftranslation.BasedonSkopostheory,thepurposeoftranslationdeterminestranslationstrategiesandmethods.Forthisreason,thetranslatorfirstgraspsthetranslationmissionandanalyzesthepurposeofthetranslationactivitiessuchasthepurposeoftranslation,theviewerandthetranslationmedium,andrequeststhetranslationmethodfromtheaspectofthetext.Thepurposeofthetranslationistoprovidetheviewerthemostrelevanttargetlanguageinformationtotheoriginalsentencetounderstandtheconversationbetweenthestoryandthecharacters.Toaccomplishthisgoal,thetranslatorneedstomakeatranslationinanappropriateflexiblemanner.3.1.1DomesticationIntheprocessofsubtitletranslation,itisveryimportanttoconveythesymbolicinformationoftheoriginaltextwhilecompilingatargetlanguagetextthatconformstotheculturalbackgroundoftheaudience.Therefore,thetranslatormustcomprehensivelyanalyzeandunderstandthecharactersintheplay,imaginehowthesecharactersareportrayedintheculturalbackgroundofthetargetlanguage.Thatistosay,thesettingandstyleoftheoriginalplaylargelydependontheoriginallanguage.Thatistosay,inordertomakethelanguagemorenaturalandcloselytothetargetaudience,itisnecessarytoappropriatelylocalizeordomesticatethesubtitles.ManytraditionalidiomsandlocalexpressionscanbefoundinthesubtitlesoftheAmericandramaDesperateHousewives,aseriesoffourcharactersexpressions,andsoon.Ingeneral,DesperateHousewivesisasatiricalcomedy.Usingdomesticationstrategies,subtitlescanachievetheirduefunctions,namely,informative,expressive,andinfectious.ConsideringthefinalpurposeofthesubtitletranslationistomaketheviewerunderstandtheplotandthedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternculturalbackgroundsandlanguageexpressionhabits,inordertomaketheaudienceeasilyunderstandandacceptthetranslation,itisadvisabletoadoptadomesticationtranslationstrategy.Domesticationreferstoapproachingthetargetlanguageculture,processingunconventionalexpressionsintheoriginaltextforthetargetlanguageaudienceandtransformingthemintofamiliarexpressions,makingthetranslationmoreconsistentwiththetargetlanguageexpressionhabitsandeasierforthetargetlanguageaudiencetounderstand.Inthetranslationprocess,thetranslatormustthinkabouttheculturalbackground,customs,andtraditionsofthetargetlanguagerecipienttoreducethedifficultyofunderstandingthemeaningofthesourcelanguage.Adoptingadomesticationstrategy,whichcanbeexpressedinone’snativelanguage,makestheaudiencemorefamiliarwiththetranslatedtext,andminimizesculturaldifferencesbetweenthesourcelanguageandthetranslatedtext.Thiswillmakethetranslatedtextsoundsmootherandmorenatural.Thetranslationstrategyofdomesticationisbasedonthecultureofthetargetlanguage,usethelanguageformtomaketheaudienceunderstandthedeepmeaningofcultureandusethewaytoexpressthedesiredlanguagecultureasmuchaspossible,andusinglanguageformsthatconformtotheexpressionmethodsofthetargetlanguage,sothatthetargetlanguageaudiencecanexperiencethesameaestheticfeelingandexperienceasthesourcelanguageaudience.Eg1.Juanita:Allmothersknowtheyhavetoprotecttheirchildren.譯文:可憐天下父母心。Eg2.Gabriel:Honey,itwasonlyasmallneighborhoodgame.Carlos:Butitdoesnottakemuchforhertofalloffthewagon.譯文:Gabriel:親愛的,不過(guò)是鄰居間的小賭怡情。Carlos:但是江山易改本性難移。Analysis:Intheaboveexample,thetranslatortranslatedtheoriginaltextintoanidiomknowntoYuHu:Pitytheworldforparents,littleaffection,Mountaindifficulties,andachievedmeaningequivalence.Moreover,becauseChineseaudiencestheseidiomsareveryfamiliarandcanbequicklyunderstoodbywatchingsubtitles,theydonotneedtodiverttheirattentionfromthescreen.Asweanalyzedearlier,thescreenisanimportantcomponentofthemultisymbolsystemoffilmandtelevisiondramas,andoneframeofscreenmaybebetterthanathousandwords.Eg3.Lynette:0h,youdidnothaveagoodtime?Tom:Okay.Youknowwhat?Droptheact.Iknowyougavethemcookies.譯文:這么說(shuō)你過(guò)得不好嘍?一邊去,你別裝蒜了,我知道你給他們吃了餅干。Analysis:InordertogiveTom,herhusband,whooftentravelsonbusiness,atasteofthehardshipsoftakingthreenaughtychildrenwithher,Lynettespecificallyallowedthechildrentoeatcookiesthatwereoriginallyprohibited(whichcanleadtohyperactivity).Afterattendingadinnerparty,LynettereturnedhomeandpretendedtobecasualandaskedTomaboutthechildren’ssituationatnight,butTomspotteditataglance.Itturnedoutthathehadlearnedfromhislittleson,Porter,abouthismother’scunningbehavior.ThesubtitleDon’tpretendtobegarlicissemanticallycorrespondedtotheoriginaldroptheact.Thislocalizedexpressionalsoreproducesthedailynatureofthedialogue,andismoreeasilyacceptedbytheaudiencebecauseitconformstotheirculturalbackgroundandtraditionalconcepts.3.1.2ForeignizationThetranslationstrategyofforeignizationisbasedonthecultureofthesourcelanguageandmaximizingrespectfortheculturecharacteristicsandlanguageofthesourcelanguageduringthetranslationprocess.Therebyreproducingtheexpressionoftheoriginaltextandenablingtheaudiencetounderstandmoreaboutthecultureofothercountries.Eg:TheEightRouteAmyandNewFourthAmyarethornintheflesh.Mao:蔣先生視八路軍、新四軍為眼中釘,肉中刺。TranslatorshavetranslatedtheEighthRouteArmyandNewFourthArmyintoTheEightRouteAmyandNewFourthAmyusingadissimilatoryapproach,deepeningtheunderstandingofChinesehistoryamongforeignaudiencesanddisseminatingChineseculture.3.2AnalysisofSubtitleTranslationofDesperateHousewivesBasedonthePrincipleofCoherenceTheprincipleofcoherencereferstointerlingualcoherence,consistencyisthelinguisticconsistencythathelpstranslatorschoosetranslationstrategiesunderconsistentguidance,achievingtranslationconsistency.Translationhaspracticalsignificanceinthetargetlanguageandculture,andthetranslationaudiencemustunderstandit.Becausethetranslatedworkprovidesaboutsourcetext,mustbeassociatedwiththesourcetext.ThisrelationshipisreferredtobyHansVermeerasinterlingualcoherenceorfidelity,sometimesreferredtoastheruleoffidelity.Interlingualcoherenceisthemostfaithfulimitationofthesourcetext,requiringcoherencebetweenthetranslationandtheoriginaltext.Theformofinterlingualcoherencelooktotheauthor'sinterpretationoftheoriginaltextandtheprincipleoftargetedtranslation.3.2.1SupplementandExplanationWhenpeoplewatchforeignmovies.Sometimesculturallyrestrictedplotsaredifficultforpeopleunfamiliarwiththesourceculturetounderstand.Thegoalofachievingsubtitleinformationfunctionsistoprovidesufficientinformationtothetargetaudiencewithinthetimeandspaceconstraintsofsubtitles.Subtitlesshouldbeconcise.That’sthepoint.Andfully,thisisverycommon.TherearesomeimplicitthingsintheoriginaltextthatneedtobeexpandedintheChineseversion.Itisnecessarytoaddthenecessaryinformationtothesubtitletranslation,andtheviewershouldacquiresufficientknowledgeandunderstandtheimplicitmeaningbetter.Therefore,inthiscase,addingandexplainingbecomesverynecessary.Byaddingafewwords,thesubtitletranslatorcanmaketheobscurityclear.Additionreferstoprovidingthenecessarywordsinthetranslationtomaketheexpressioncorrectandclean,buttheprovidedwordsmustbeaddedinsyntaxorsemantics.Eg1:Bree:Orson,meetChrisandRon.Nowlknowyouwon’tlistenedtome,butyoumightlistentothem,sinceyouhavesomethingincommon.布瑞:Orson,見見Chris和Ron。我知道現(xiàn)在你聽不進(jìn)我的話,但你可以聽聽他們說(shuō)的。因?yàn)槟銈冇泄餐?。Orson:Really?AreyouGilbertandSullivanfans,too?奧森:是嗎?你們也是Gilbert和Sullivan的粉絲?Forthisexample,whentranslatingwhatOrsonsaid,thetranslatoraddedsupplementaryexplanationsinparenthesestoillustratethatGilbertandSullivaninthedialoguearewell-knownBritishwriters,facilitatingtheaudience’sunderstandingoftheplotandalsogainingknowledgeofBritishculture.Whenambiguityarisesduetoinsufficientinformation,additionalstrategiescanachieveaclearpurpose.Thus,iftherearesomecontradictionsandambiguities,thetranslatorwilladdnecessaryinformationtothesubtitles.Eg2.Susan:Yougottobekidding.Shewashedhercaryesterday.0h,no,she’snot.譯文:搞什么,她昨天才洗過(guò)車。不是吧,真不要臉。Analysis:Whenthishappened,SusanandherdaughtersawEdieoutsidethewindowwashingthecarinrevealingclothesandprovocativemovements,Mikejustworkedinfrontofhishouse.SusanimmediatelynoticedthatEddiewastryingtoseduceherheartnaked.UntilthenSusanwasthinkinghowtodateofficiallywithMike.Shewasfuriousatthesight,0h,she’snot.Thesubtitleteamaddedthephrasereallyshamelesstothesubtitle,showingSusan'sstrongangeratEdie’sexcessivebehavior.IntheAmericandramaDesperateHousewives,wecanfindthatingeneral,translatorsdonotwanttheindistinctintheoriginaltextmayconfusetheviewer.Iftheoriginaltextistranslatedliterallywithoutsufficientexplanation,contradictionsandambiguitiesmayarise.Thus,translatorscaneliminatecontradictionsorambiguitiesthatmayarisefromtheoriginaltextbyaddingcreateasubtitlethatmatchestherequiredinformationorthecontentsofthescreen.Translationstrategyofmatchinginformbyaddingnecessarywordsandsentencesarerequiredfortranslationtotheexpressionhabitsofthetargetlanguage.Usingthisstrategyintranslation,youcanincreasetheamountofinformationtounderstandtheideasandintentionsoftheperformermoredeeply.Eg3.Bree:Fortherecord,Ididn’tpunchmyson.Islappedhimwithanopenpalm.Andrew:Yeah,but,mom,thethingis,whendrink,youdon’tknowyourownstrength.Bree:我事先聲明,我絕對(duì)沒有打我的兒子。我只是抽了他一耳光。Andrew:但是,媽媽,你都喝醉了,就不知道下手有多重了。Analysis:Andrewwantedtousehistrustfundtobuyacar,butBreetoldhimhecouldn’tuseituntilhereallygrewup.WhenAndrewcalledBreeameanolddrunk,Breewasangryandwantedtoslaphim.Afterthat,AndrewaskedJustintohithimintheface,convincinghislawyerSamthatBreehaddoneit.ThetranslatortoexpressBree’shopethatSamtrustsher,wehaveaddedabsoluteandjust.Ifwhendrinkistranslatedasyoudrink,itcannotshowthatBreedrinksfrequently.AddingdrinktoomuchAndrewwantsSamtoawarethatBreehasdrinktoomuch,andhecanalsosaythatBreedidn’tadmititbecausesheforgotwhenshewasdrunk.Thistranslationcanbettershowthebadrelationshipbetweentheirmotherandson.Alloftheseexamplesprovidethetargetaudiencewithappropriatebutsufficientinformationtobetterunderstandthefilm.Thus,theinformationfunctionofmoviesubtitlesisrealized,whichmeetstherequirementsofteleology.Atthesametime.Theuseofinterpretationembodiesthespiritofmeaningandconformstotheprincipleoffaithfulness.IntheAmericandramaDesperateHousewives,wecanfindthatingeneral,translatorsdonotwantthepossibleambiguityintheoriginaltexttoconfusetheaudience.Literallytranslatingtestwithoutsufficientexplanationwillresultincontradictionsandambiguities.So,translatorscaneliminatecontradictionsorambiguitiesthatmayarisefromtheoriginaltextbyaddingwritesubtitlesbasedonthenecessaryinformationandcontentofthescreen.3.2.2OmissionDuetothedifferencesbetweenEnglishandChinese,translatorsneedtoappropriatelydeletesomewordsorsentencesduringthetranslationprocess,soastoavoidunnecessaryorlengthyrepetitiveinformationwhileensuringthattheaudienceaccuratelyacceptsthecontenttobeconveyedbythesourcelanguageinformation.Subtitlesappearingonthescreenmustbereadinafewseconds,sothespaceanddwelltimeofsubtitlesonthescreenareverylimited.Therefore,omissiontranslationisoftenusedtomakeiteasierforthetargetlanguageaudiencetoobtainthemostrelevantinformationabouttheoriginaltextintheshortestpossibletime.Secondly,mostaudiencesreadmoreslowlythanactorsspeak,whichalsodeterminesthatomissionisinevitable.Finally,withthesupportoftelevisionimages,music,andsoundeffects,itisalsopossibletoreducetranslation.Inpractice,duetothecolloquialcharacteristicsofthedialogueandthelimitationsoftimeandspace,ellipsisrechargewords,conjunctions,greetings,andunnecessaryrepetitionmakesthetranslatedsubtitlesmoreconciseandaccurate,withoutaffectingtheaudience’sunderstanding.Herearesomeexamples:Eg1:Bree:It’sjustthat,um,Ican’thelpbeingcautious.Bree:只是,不由自主地有點(diǎn)謹(jǐn)慎。Eg2:Edie:Yeah,ifwefindtheguywiththerightplan,youcouldhaveashamwaitingonaMondaynight,andbefullycoveredTuesdaymorning.Edie:如果我們找到了合適的人選,你就可以周一結(jié)婚,周二就有醫(yī)保了。Therearemanyinterludesintheseexamplesthatarejustusedtoconveytheactor’sfeelings.Abovetheseexamples,thetranslatordeletesumandyeahbecauseitdoesnotchangethemeaningofthesourcetextandaffecttheaudience’sunderstanding.Shorterandmoreconcisesubtitletranslationiseasierfortheaudiencetounderstand.Eg1:Susan:ThisisanowabadJackieCollins’novel.譯文:你言情小說(shuō)看多了吧。Analysis:JackieCollinsisaBritishromanticnovelistandnotfamousinChina.Inthetranslation,thespectatorwillwonderwhoisJackieCollins.Astheythink,thesubtitleshavealreadyflashedby,andthislineiscompletelyincomprehensible.Therefore,thetranslatoradoptstheabovetranslationmethods,whicharehighlyrelevanttotheoriginalinformationandeasyfortheaudiencetounderstand.3.3AnalysisofSubtitleTranslationofDesperateHousewivesBasedonthePrincipleofFidelityTheprincipleoffidelityreferstothefactthatthepurposeoftranslationandthetranslator’sunderstandingofthesourcetextdeterminethattheremustbecontextualcoherencebetweenthetranslationandtheoriginaltext.Thedegreeandformofloyaltyandunderstandingoftheoriginaltextdependonthepurposeofthetranslation,andthepurposeofthetranslationisdifferent.Accordingtothisprinciple,fidelityandformdependonthetranslator’sunderstandingoftheoriginaltext,whichmayvarydependingonthepurposeoftranslation.3.3.1LiteralTranslationLiteraltranslationreferstothewayinwhichthetranslatortriestoretainthevividandconventionalexpressionintheoriginalEnglishtextduringsubtitletranslation.IfyouhavenoEnglishculturevocabularyoridiomaticintranslation,usethetranslationasusualinthefollowingsubtitletranslationexamples:Eg1:Bree:NowIknowyouthinkthere’snoreasontogoonliving,becauseyouareparalyzed...布瑞:我知道你覺得沒什么活下去的理由,因?yàn)槟銡埣擦薕rson:Soyouthought,Hey!Youknowwhatmightcheerhimup?Twomoreparalyzedguys.奧森:所以你覺得:嘿,該怎么鼓勵(lì)他呢?這兒還有兩個(gè)殘廢在。Theliteraltranslationmethod,asitdoesnotrequireanytranslator’sparticipation,canessentiallyreducethecostofautomatictranslation.Itcanevenbeappliedtoautomatictranslationofsearchenginesliketextsearchengines,allowinguserstoobtaintranslationresultsforfreeandquicklytomeettheirmultilingualapplicationneeds.Inshort,literaltranslationisanimportanttechnologyinthefieldofInternetautomatictranslation,whichcanquickly,accurately,andlow-costperformtranslationwork,andisaneffectivesupplementtocurrentmultilingualapplicationtechnology.Intheabovedialogue,therearenoEnglishculturalwordsorcolloquialexpressions,sothetranslatoradoptsaliteraltranslationapproachtopresentthestyleoftheoriginallanguage.3.3.2FreeTranslationDuetothesignificantdifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishlanguages,inordertoholdontothecharacteristicsoftheoriginallanguage,sometimesliteraltranslationunabletomeetallrequire.Therefore,sometimesfreetranslationisoftenusedinsubtitletranslation.IfthereareEnglishculturalvocabulary,idioms,taboos,etc.Intheconversation,thismethodisusuallyused.Belowaresomeexamplesofsubtitletranslation:Eg1:Parker:Secretidentity?Art:Oh,great,nowthecat’soutofthe
溫馨提示
- 1. 本站所有資源如無(wú)特殊說(shuō)明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
- 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
- 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
- 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
- 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
- 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。
最新文檔
- 液體制劑的課程設(shè)計(jì)
- 跳繩游戲主題課程設(shè)計(jì)
- 紙藝社團(tuán)培訓(xùn)課程設(shè)計(jì)
- 幼兒園水泥制作課程設(shè)計(jì)
- 轉(zhuǎn)向臂課程設(shè)計(jì)夾具
- 鉆井課程設(shè)計(jì)參考
- 船舶原理螺旋槳課程設(shè)計(jì)
- 電梯的制作課程設(shè)計(jì)
- 二零二五版加油站整體出售與租賃服務(wù)合同3篇
- 二零二五版辦公室設(shè)備租賃與品牌合作合同3篇
- 公路工程施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)安全檢查手冊(cè)
- 公司組織架構(gòu)圖(可編輯模版)
- 1汽輪機(jī)跳閘事故演練
- 陜西省銅川市各縣區(qū)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)行政村村莊村名居民村民委員會(huì)明細(xì)
- 禮品(禮金)上交登記臺(tái)賬
- 北師大版七年級(jí)數(shù)學(xué)上冊(cè)教案(全冊(cè)完整版)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)含教學(xué)反思
- 2023高中物理步步高大一輪 第五章 第1講 萬(wàn)有引力定律及應(yīng)用
- 青少年軟件編程(Scratch)練習(xí)題及答案
- 浙江省公務(wù)員考試面試真題答案及解析精選
- 系統(tǒng)性紅斑狼瘡-第九版內(nèi)科學(xué)
- 全統(tǒng)定額工程量計(jì)算規(guī)則1994
評(píng)論
0/150
提交評(píng)論