浙江省麗水市云峰中學(xué)高一英語知識點(diǎn)試題含解析

浙江省麗水市云峰中學(xué)高一英語知識點(diǎn)試題含解析一、選擇題1.Inspiredbyhisscientificcuriosity(好奇心),AlexanderGrahamBell,inventorofthetelephone,wentonto______othernewinventions,includingthephotophonein1880.A.produce

B.create

C.work

D.do參考答案：B2.Althoughtheworkingmotherisverybusy,shestill

alotoftimetoherchildren.A.spends

B.devotes

C.offers

D.provides參考答案：B3.Afirebrokeoutinthebuildinglastnight;luckilyhe____escapefromit.A.hadto

B.would

C.could

D.wasableto參考答案：D4.Don’tblameyourselftoomuch.Everyonehashis______andweaknesses.A.powers

B.strengths

C.forces

D.energies參考答案：B5.Hiswholeincome________nomorethan1000yuanpermonth.

A.addedupto B.addedto C.isaddedup D.addedup參考答案：A考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：他每個(gè)月的總收入加起來不到1000元。addupto“總計(jì)達(dá)，總共是”；addto“增加，增添”；addup“把數(shù)字加起來”。故選A。6.—Whocalledjustnow,Sam?

—It’sTerry.Sheasked_____.A.thatAlicewasin B.ifwasAlicein C.ifAlicewasin D.whetherwasAlicein參考答案：C7.Despitesuchabigdifferencein______towardswhatoneeats,thereisnodoubtthatpeopleinthewestregardtheChinesefoodassomethingspecial.

A.point

B.idea

C.attitude

D.sight參考答案：C8.---___________!

Putyourfootonthebrake(剎車)!

---Iambraking.

---No,yourfootisonthegaspedal!A.Takecare

B.Watchout

C.Relax

D.Attention參考答案：B9.SkatinginnortheastChinais____excitingexperienceforBill.

A.an

B.the

C.much

D./參考答案：A10.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,______,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.A.when

B.while

C.which

D.where參考答案：B11.―DidyoulistentoBarbara’sspeech?―Yes,Ihaveneverhearda______one.A.good B.better C.best D.well參考答案：B12.Hisfirstbook_______nextmonthisbasedonatruestory.A.published

B.tobepublished

C.topublish

D.beingpublished參考答案：B13.Thebossofthecompanyhad________hisfriend’sadvice,whichledtothefailureofhisbusiness.A.ignored

B.disagreed

C.settled

D.suffered參考答案：A14.Todaymorepeoplebeginto_________youngpeople’smentalhealth.A.carefor

B.lookafter

C.careabout

D.takecare參考答案：C15.Thisself-drivingcarcanshutcarwindows

rainandturnonairconditionerbasedonweatherconditionsbyitself.A.indefenceof B.incaseof C.inneedof D.inadvanceof參考答案：B16.AtonetimetherewasanorganizationinFrance_____some“borrowedwords”fromEnglishincluding“weekend”and“e-mail”.A.banned B.banning

C.tobebanned

D.ban參考答案：B考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。名詞organization與ban之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語。選B。17.Hewasdisappointedtofindhissuggestions____________.A.beingturneddown B.toturndownC.tobeturneddown D.turneddown參考答案：D【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞用法。句意：他失望地發(fā)現(xiàn)他的建議被拒絕了?！八慕ㄗh”和“拒絕”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用findsth.done結(jié)構(gòu)，故選D。二、新的題型18.VegetarianUKVegetariansandvegansVegetarians(peoplewhodon’teatmeat)andvegans(peoplewhodon’teatoruseanyanimalproducts)arebecomingincreasinglycommoninUKculture.

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Arecentsurveyshowedthatthreemillionpeoplewerevegetarian.VisitaBritishsupermarketandyouwillseeawiderangeofvegetarianingredientsandpreparedmealsontheshelves,includingvegetariansausagesandvegancheese.

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SowhyareBritscuttingoutmeat?Manyareunhappyaboutthepoortreatmentofanimalsandtheeffectsofmeatandfishproductionontheenvironment.Worriesaboutfoodsafety(forexampleBESor“madcowdisease”)alsoplayapart.

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AccordingtotheVegetarianSociety,ameat-freedietcouldhelpreducetheriskofcertaincancersandheartdisease,aswellasobesityandhighbloodpressure.OrganicfarmingAnotherrisingtrendisinhowUKfoodisproduced.ManypeoplearerejectingGM(geneticallymodified)foodandintensivefarmingpractices.Theywanttheirfoodtobeorganicallyproduced.Organicfarmersuseveryfewornochemicals,pesticidesorfertilizersandorganicmeatisproducedwithouttheuseofdrugsandantibiotics.

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OrganicfoodAccordingtotheSoilAssociation,threeoutofeveryfourUKhouseholdsnowbuysometypeoforganicfood.Somegetorganicmeat,fruitandvegetablesfromfarmers’markets,whereproductsaresolddirectlytotheconsumer.Othershaveaboxoforganicfruitandvegetablessenttotheirhomeseveryweek.40Althoughit’softenmoreexpensive,fansoforganicfoodsayittastesmuchbetter!A.AhealthydietB.AbalanceddietC.Manypeoplebuyorganicproductsintheirlocalsupermarket.D.Moreandmorepeoplearedecidingnottoeatmeatoruseanimalproducts.E.Ahealthysoilreducesdiseaseandhelpscropsgrowstrongandhealthy.F.Otherschoosetochangetheireatinghabitstoimprovetheirgeneralhealth.G.Organicallyfarmedanimalsalsohavemorelivingspaceandmorenutritiousfood.參考答案：36.D37.A38.F39.G40.C試題分析：文章主要講述了英國的素食主義者，以及英國人多吃素食的原因。另一個(gè)上升的趨勢是有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展，許多人拒絕轉(zhuǎn)基因食品和強(qiáng)化農(nóng)業(yè)的做法。他們希望他們的食物是有機(jī)生產(chǎn)的。農(nóng)民很少使用或沒有使用化學(xué)物質(zhì)，雖然有機(jī)食品的價(jià)格往往更昂貴，但有機(jī)食品的粉絲們說它的味道更好！36.D考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)下一句：最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，三百萬人是素食主義者。所以此處的內(nèi)容是越來越多的人開始食用素食。故選D。37.A考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)段意是為什么英國人不吃肉，后文講述的是肉類的不安全以及素食對人的好處。所以此處的內(nèi)容是要有一個(gè)健康的飲食。故選A。38.F考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)下一句：根據(jù)素食協(xié)會，無肉飲食有助于降低某些癌癥和心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，以及肥胖和高血壓。所以此處的內(nèi)容是有些人選擇改變他們的飲食習(xí)慣，以提高他們的健康。故選F。39.G考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)上一句：農(nóng)民很少使用或沒有使用化學(xué)物質(zhì)，農(nóng)藥或化肥；有機(jī)肉類的生產(chǎn)不使用藥物和抗生素。所以此處的內(nèi)容是有機(jī)養(yǎng)殖的動(dòng)物有更多的營養(yǎng)也很健康。故選G。40.C考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)下一句：雖然它的價(jià)格往往更昂貴，但有機(jī)食品的粉絲們說它的味道更好！所以此處的內(nèi)容是吃有機(jī)食品的人也很多。故選C。三、閱讀理解19.Somebatssingjustasbirdsandhumansdo.Buthowtheylearntheircallsandmelodiesisamystery—onethatscientistswilltrytosolvebyresearchingthegenesofmorethan1,000batspecies.Theproject,calledBat1K,wasannouncedon14NovemberattheannualmeetingoftheSocietyforNeuroscienceinSanDiego,California.Itsorganizersalsohopetolearnmoreabouttheflyingmammals’echolocationability—theabilitytofinddirectionsinthedark;theirstrongimmunesystemsthatcandefendagainstEbola,adeadlyvirus;andtheirlylonglifespans.“Thegenomesofalltheseotherspecies,likebirdsandmice,arewell-understood,”saysanexpertattheMaxPlanckInstituteforPsycholinguisticsinNijmegen,theNetherlands.“Butwedon’tknowanythingaboutbatgenesyet.”Somebatsshowbabblingbehavior,includingbarks,chatter,screeches,whistlesandtrills,saysMirjamKn?rnschild,abehavioralecologistattheFreeUniversityofBerlin.Youngbatslearnthesongsandothersoundsfromoldermaletutors.Theyusethesesoundsduringcourtshipandmating,whentheyseekfoodandastheydefendtheirterritoryagainstrivals.Scientistshavestudiedthevocalsoundsofonlyabout50batspeciessofar,Kn?rnschildsays,andtheyknowmuchlessaboutbats’communicationthanbirds’.Fourspeciesofbathavesofarbeenfoundtolearnvocalsoundsfromeachother,theirfathersandotheradultmales,justasachildgraduallylearnshowtospeakfromitsparents.Geneticstudieshavediscoveredatleastonegeneinbatsthatislinkedtospeechandlanguage,calledFOXP2.Thegeneisalsoknowntohavearoleinhowpeoplelearnlanguage,andinvocallearninginsong-birds.ResearchersworkingontheBat1Kprojectexpecttofindthatothergenesarealsoinvolvedincommunication,andthatmanymorebatspecieshavetheabilitytolearnsongs,callsandothersounds.“It’snotararetrait,”Kn?rnschildsays.“I’mbecomingconvincedthatallbatsaremoreorlessthesameinvocallearning.”Bats’echolocationabilityhasbeenstudiedformanyyears,partlybecauseofitsapplicationstosonarandradar.Butscientistsknowverylittleaboutthevocalcommunicationandsocialbehaviourthatdrivehowbatslearntheirsongsandsounds,saysMichaelYartsev,aneurobiologistatUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.Thestudyofvocallearninginbatsis“nearlycompletelyuntapped”,hesays—comparingittothestateofresearchintobirdsong60yearsago.57.Theproject,Bat1Kiscarriedoutmainlyto________.A.doresearchonthegenesofmorebatspeciesB.researchbats’abilitytofinddirectionsinthedarkC.studythewaybatslearntheircallsandsongsD.learnmoresecretsaboutbats’longerlifespans58.FromPara5and6,wecansafelyinferthat________.A.scientistshavestudiedonlyapproximately50batspeciessofarB.ofallbats,onlyfourspecieslearnvocalsoundsfromeachotherC.morethanonegenelinkedtospeechandlanguagehasbeendiscoveredD.thegeneFOXP2hassomethingtodowithhumanlanguagelearning59.Whichofthefollowingistheword“trait”inParagraph6closesttoinmeaning?A.quality

B.behavior

C.habit

D.gene60.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Scientiststrytoknowmoreaboutbatgenes.B.Scientistsseekkeystobats’vocalsounds.C.Allbatsarealmostthesameinvocallearning.D.Batssingjustasbirdsandhumanbeingsdo.參考答案：57.C

58.D

59.A

60.B文章介紹了科學(xué)家們研究蝙蝠學(xué)習(xí)叫聲和歌聲方式的項(xiàng)目和研究成果。57.C細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第一段Somebatssingjustasbirdsandhumansdo.Buthowtheylearntheircallsandmelodiesisamystery和第二段Theproject,calledBat1K和Itsorganizersalsohopetolearnmoreabouttheflyingmammals’echolocationability可知Bat1K項(xiàng)目是為了研究蝙蝠學(xué)習(xí)叫聲和歌聲的方式，故選C.58.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段onegeneinbatsthatislinkedtospeechandlanguage,calledFOXP2.Thegeneisalsoknowntohavearoleinhowpeoplelearnlanguage,andinvocallearninginsong-birds.可知蝙蝠的FOXP2基因和人類的語言學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)，故選D.59.A猜測詞義題。此處指研究人員希望發(fā)現(xiàn)，和其他參與交流的基因，而更多蝙蝠物種有能力學(xué)習(xí)歌曲、叫聲和其他聲音?！斑@不是一種罕見的特征?！薄皌rait”指特征，品質(zhì)，和quality同義，故選A.60.B主旨大意題。文章介紹了科學(xué)家們研究蝙蝠學(xué)習(xí)叫聲和歌聲方式的項(xiàng)目，B項(xiàng)：科學(xué)家們尋找蝙蝠聲音的關(guān)鍵，概括全文內(nèi)容，是文章的主旨。故選B.【名師點(diǎn)睛】關(guān)于詞義猜測題做這種類型的題，要根據(jù)詞、詞組、句子所在的語境上下文來判斷其意義。因此熟練掌握一些猜詞技巧是