江蘇省常州市2020-2021學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期期期初教育學(xué)會學(xué)業(yè)水平監(jiān)測英語試題 （含答案解析）

常州市教育學(xué)會學(xué)業(yè)水平監(jiān)測高三英語試題注意：本試卷分四個(gè)部分，答案全部做在答題紙上。總分為150分?？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredoesthemanlivenow?A.Inthecitycenter.B.Inthesuburbs.C.Onafarm.2.Whatisthewoman’sproblem?A.Shehasabackache.B.Sheisquitetired.C.Shefeelscold.3.Whatarethespeakersdecidingon?A.Makingadeal.B.Givingeachotheragift.C.Payingforthemealseparately.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Awriter.B.Aphrase.C.Acountry.5.Whydoesthewomanofferthemanarefund?A.Theylosthiscoat.B.Theywerenotabletocleanthecoat.C.Theydidn’tpreparethecoatforpick-upintime.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白，每段對話成獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段村料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydoestheman’sdogbarkathiscleaner?A.Becauseofthesmell.B.Becauseofthesound.C.Becauseofthemovement.7.HowoldisJetnow?A.Oneyearold.B.Twoyearsold.C.Threeyearsold.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatkindofcompaniesdoesthewomaninvestin?A.Newcompanies.B.Oilandgascompanies.C.Environmental-friendlycompanies.9.Whatrateofreturnisthewomanofferingwithintwoyears?A.5%、B.8%.C.12%.10.Whatdoesthewomanbelievemakespeoplefeelbetter?A.Makinginvestmentsthathelptheenvironment.B.Makinginvestmentsthatmakelotsofmoney.C.Makinginvestmentsthatarelessrisky.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Firefighterandresident.12.Howwillthewomanhelptheman?A.Bymovingthefamily’sthings.B.Byremovingwaterfromthebasement.C.Bydrivingthemanawayfromthehouse.13.Whatisthebiggestdangeraccordingtotheman?A.Ruiningthefloorboards.B.Floodingtheelectricalbox.C.Damagingthevaluableitemsinthebasement.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whereistheconversationprobablytakingplace?A.Atthemuseum.B.Onthebridge.C.Inthecar.15.Whatwillthespeakerslistento?A.Musicalrecords.B.Booksontape.C.Radioshows.16.Whydidthewomangoalottothemuseuminhercityasakid?A.Theschooltookherthereeveryyear.B.Thatonewasfreeandconvenient.C.Herparentsworkedthere.17.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutmuseumsnow?A.Theyareboring.B.Theyareprecious.C.Theyareexciting.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhendidthespeakerapplyatMcDonald’s?A.Onemonthaftergraduation.B.Twomonthsaftergraduation.C.Threemonthsaftergraduation.19.Whodidthespeakerreachouttoforhelp?A.Herboyfriend.B.Herparents.C.Herboss.20.Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthersituationnow?A.Proud.B.Nervous.C.Embarrassed.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。APosition:Home>BookATrip>TipsforArrivingbyAir:1.AccordingtotheEmbassyofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaintheFrenchRepublic,startingfromDecember1,2020,allChineseandforeignpassengersflyingfromFrancetoChinaarerequiredtoconductthesamplingandtestingofanucleicacidtestandanIgManti-bodytestattestinginstitutionsinFrancewithin2daysbeforeboarding.Theymustobtainthecertificatesofnegativeresultsofbothtestsissuedbytheorganizationstoapplyforthegreenhealthdeclarationcodewiththe“HS"markor“HDC"markfromthelocalEmbassyofChinainFrance.PleasevisittheofficialEmbassywebsiteathttp://www.amb-chine.fr/chn/zgzfg/zgsg/lsb/t1835249.htmforfurtherdetails.Toavoidanydelayonyourtrip,pleasebesuretokeepacloseeyeonthelocalrequirementspriortoyourflightdeparture.Thankyouforyourunderstandingandsupport!2.StartingfromNovember16,2020,ChinaEasternAirlinesandShanghaiAirlineswillsuspendtransitservicesofpassengersoriginatingfromAfrica,Argentina,andIndiapassingbyathirdcountrytoChina.3.Passengerstransitingbywayofathirdcountrypleasepayparticularattentiontothespecificvisarequirementsofthetransitingcountry.SelectAFlight1.WhatmustapassengerarrivingatShanghaifromParisafterDecember1,2020do?A.Taketwonucleicacidtests.B.VisittheofficialEmbassywebsite.C.Payattentiontothelocalrequirementsuponarriving.D.Havethegreenhealthdeclarationcodewiththe"HS"or"HDC"mark.2.WhichofthefollowingistrueofpassengersstartingfromIndiaafterNovember16,2020?A.TheyarenotallowedtoflytoShanghai.B.TheymustholdaspecificvisatoenterChina.C.TheymustfirstflytoFranceandthengoonflyingtoShanghai.D.ShanghaiAirlinewon'tflythemiftheyarenottakingadirectflight.3.WhatflightshouldJackchoosetosavemoneyifhefliestoShanghaifromParisinApril,2021?A.TheoneonSunday. B.TheoneonMonday.C.TheoneonWednesday. D.TheoneonFriday【答案】1.D2.D3.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一則疫情后航班的通知，介紹了一些要求和票價(jià)信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“AccordingtotheEmbassyofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaintheFrenchRepublic,startingfromDecember1,2020,allChineseandforeignpassengersflyingfromFrancetoChinaarerequiredtoconductthesamplingandtestingofanucleicacidtestandanIgManti-bodytestattestinginstitutionsinFrancewithin2daysbeforeboarding.Theymustobtainthecertificatesofnegativeresultsofbothtestsissuedbytheorganizationstoapplyforthegreenhealthdeclarationcodewiththe“HS"markor“HDC"markfromthelocalEmbassyofChinainFrance.(根據(jù)中華人民共和國駐法蘭西共和國大使館的規(guī)定，自2020年12月1日起，所有從法國飛往中國的中外旅客需要在登機(jī)前2天內(nèi)到法國的檢測機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行核酸檢測和IgM抗體檢測的抽樣檢測。他們必須取得該機(jī)構(gòu)出具的兩項(xiàng)檢測陰性結(jié)果證明，才能向中國駐法國當(dāng)?shù)卮笫桂^申請帶有“HS”標(biāo)志或“HDC”標(biāo)志的綠色健康申報(bào)代碼)”可知，2020年12月1日后從巴黎抵達(dá)上海的旅客需要綠色健康申報(bào)代碼帶有“HS”或“HDC”標(biāo)志。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“StartingfromNovember16,2020,ChinaEasternAirlinesandShanghaiAirlineswillsuspendtransitservicesofpassengersoriginatingfromAfrica,Argentina,andIndiapassingbyathirdcountrytoChina.(從2020年11月16日起，中國東方航空公司和上海航空公司將暫停非洲、阿根廷、印度旅客經(jīng)第三國過境中國的服務(wù))”可知，對于2020年11月16日以后從印度出發(fā)的乘客，如果他們不坐直飛航班，上海航空公司不會讓他們乘坐飛機(jī)。故選D。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)圖表信息可知，4月18日星期天，從巴黎飛往上海的機(jī)票是11260元，是最便宜的，故如果Jack在2021年4月從巴黎飛往上海，他應(yīng)該選擇星期天的那一趟航班來省錢。故選A。BOnthewaytohishomethechildturnedmanytimesandbeatthedog,declaringwithchildishgesturesthatheheldhimincontempt(茂視）asanunimportantdog.thedogapologizedforbeingthisqualityofanimalandexpressedregretinfineform,buthecontinuedstealthilytofollowthechild.Whenthechildreachedhisdoor-step,thedogwasafewyardsbehind,movingslowlytowardhim.Hebecamesoanxiouswithshamewhenhoagainfacedthechildthatheforgotthedraggingrope.Hetripped(絆倒）uponitandfellforward.Thechildsatdownonthestepandthetwohadanotherinterview.Duringitthedoggreatlyexertedhimselftopleasethechild.Heperformedafewplayfuljumpswithsuchabandon(盡情地）thatthechildsuddenlysawhimtobeavaluablething.Hemadeaswift,greedycharge(猛沖）andseizedtherope.Hedraggedhiscaptive(俘虜）intoahallandupmanylongstairwaysinadarkbuilding.Thedogmadewillingefforts,buthecouldnotwalkveryskillfullyupthestairsbecausehewasverysmallandsoft,andatlastthepaceofthechildgrewsoenergeticthatthedogbecamepanic-stricken.Inhismindhewasbeingdraggedtowardsomewhereunknown.Hisayesgrewwildwiththeterrorofit.Hebegantowigglehisheadwildlyandtobracehislegs.Thechildredoubledhisefforts.Theyhadabattleonthestairs.Thechildwasvictoriousbecausehewascompletelyabsorbedinhispurpose,andbecausethedogwasverysmall.Hedraggedhisacquirementtothedoorofhishome,andfinallywithvictoryacrossthedoorway.Nofamilymemberwasin.Thechildsatdownonthefloorandmadeoverturesto(向....示好）thedog.Thesethedoginstantlyaccepted.Hesmiledwithaffectionuponhisnewfriend.Inashorttimetheywerefirmandabiding(矢志不渝的）comrades.4.Whatmighthavehappenedbeforethefirstparagraph?A.Thechildhadwantedtoownthedogforalongtime.B.Thedoghadbeensomeoneelse'spetbutlosthisway.C.Thechildhadbeenlookingforthelostdogforalongtime.D.Thedoghadbeendrivenoutofhomebythechild'sfamily.5.Whatdirectlymadetheboychangehismind?A.Thedog'sapology.B.Hisfirstinterviewwiththedog.C.Hispityonthedog.D.Thedog'spleasingperformance.6.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph4and5?A.Theboywasnaughty.B.Thedogwasfoolish.C.Theboywasadevotedfriend.D.Thedogwasafaithfulfriend.7.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribethechangeofthedog'sfeeling?A.Frightened-relieved-anxious-happy.B.Worried-angry-scared-delighted.C.Guilty-anxious-nervous-pleased.D.Angry-regretted-scared-puzzled.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了小狗走失后偶遇一個(gè)男孩，最終成功跟隨小男孩回家的故事?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Onthewaytohishomethechildturnedmanytimesandbeatthedog,declaringwithchildishgesturesthatheheldhimincontempt(茂視）asanunimportantdog.thedogapologizedforbeingthisqualityofanimalandexpressedregretinfineform,buthecontinuedstealthilytofollowthechild.(在回家的路上，孩子多次轉(zhuǎn)過身來打那條狗，用孩子氣的手勢宣稱他蔑視那條狗，認(rèn)為它是一條不重要的狗。狗為自己是這樣的動物而道歉，并以良好的形式表示遺憾，但它繼續(xù)偷偷地跟著孩子。)”可知，孩子試圖擺脫狗，而且他們在此之前并不認(rèn)識，可見他們是無意間遇到的。從而推斷，這條狗曾是別人的寵物，但迷路了。小狗是丟失后才遇到男孩的。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Heperformedafewplayfuljumpswithsuchabandon(盡情地）thatthechildsuddenlysawhimtobeavaluablething.(它盡情地跳了幾下，孩子突然覺得它很有價(jià)值。)”可知，小狗努力的取悅男孩，使得男孩改變了主意。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。文章四五兩段在描述男孩拖拉小狗上樓梯的過程，看得出小男孩精力充沛，一直不懈的努力著，盡管當(dāng)時(shí)小狗是有點(diǎn)害怕的，但小男孩沒有停止自己的行為，可見這個(gè)男孩子有點(diǎn)調(diào)皮。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。狗的心情和它的遭遇是一致的，第一段狗盡管被嫌棄但還是跟著，心情是有點(diǎn)罪惡感的，從apologized可以看出；第二段出現(xiàn)了anxiousandshamed，可見狗的心情是緊張羞愧；第三段狗取悅小孩；四五段就是狗被帶上樓梯的過程，從panic-stricken可以看出，狗因?yàn)槲粗牡胤礁械胶ε?；最后一段狗和小孩已?jīng)交好，推斷出心情愉悅。故選C。CFacialexpressionsaretheprimarywaypeopleexhibitemotionandreadthefeelingsofothers.Happiness,sadness,disgust,fearandsurprisecanbecommunicatedthroughfacialexpressionsalone.Butwhenpartofthefaceismasked,itbecomesmoredifficulttorecognizethesecues.Ifyoucannotreadsomeoneelse'semotionalstate,yourabilitytoempathizewiththemmaybecompromised.Likewise,ifyourownmaskishidingyouremotionalstate,othersmaynotbeabletoempathizewithyou.Wearingamaskcanalsomakeyoufeelmoredistractedandself-conscious,furtherweakeningyourconnectiontoothers.Fortunately,youcanregainsomecontrolovercommunicationbyworkingwithwhatyouhaveleft-theeyes.Ifyouwanttoincreaseunderstandingwithamaskedindividual,youshouldlookthemintheeyes,whichmaybeeasiersaidthandone.Eyecontactgeneratesself-consciousness,consumesextrabrainpowerandbecomesuncomfortableafteronlythreeseconds.Butbearinmind,eyecontactcanalsomakeyouappearmoreintelligentandtrustworthy.Youmightbesurprisedhowmuchinformationisconveyedbythebodyitself.Forinstance,whensomeoneishappy,theystandupstraighter,whentheyaresad,theydroptheirhead;andwhentheyareangry,theirwholebodytensesup.Learninghowpeopleusetheirbodiestoconveyemotionmayhelpreducetheuncertaintyyoufeelwhencommunicatingwithsomeoneinamask.Becomeawareofyourownbodylanguage,too.Whenengagedinaconversation,youcanappearmoreattentivebyturningyourbodytowardtheindividual,leaninginornodding.Toletanotherpersonknowyouwanttostartspeaking,straightenyourposture,ornodmorefrequently.Finally,he?warethatimitatingthepostureofanotherpersoncanincreasehowmuchtheylikeyouandevenagreewithyou.Byallmeans,continuethepropermeasurestokeepyourselfsafe,butdon'tneglectyourrelationshipsasaconsequence.Socialdistancedoesn'thavetomeansociallydistant.8.Whatwillhappenifyouwearamask?A.Yourfearwon'tbeknownbyothers. B.Otherswillhavedifficultyunderstandingyou.C.Youwilllosetheabilitytoempathizewithothers. D.Otherswon'tfocusonyourface.9.Whyiseyecontactdifficult?A.Itmayleadtomisunderstanding. B.Itrequiresmorebrainpower.C.Itmaycausepeopletobelieveyouless. D.Itwillresultinsocialdistance.10.Whatdoesparagraph4and5mainlytalkabout?A.Bodylanguageisadouble-edgedsword. B.Bodylanguagecanconveyshockinginformation.C.Weshouldmakegooduseofbodylanguage. D.Becarefulwithyourbodylanguagewhentalking.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.Howdopeopleusetheirbodiestoconveyemotion?B.Facialexpressions,theprimarywayofhumanconnection.C.Facialexpressions,eyecontact,bodylanguage,whichisthebest?D.Howdowekeepsociallydistanttokeepourselvessafe?【答案】8.B9.B10.C11.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了面部表情在人們溝通中的重要作用，以及除了面部表情之外，人們還應(yīng)該利用眼神交流和肢體語言的方式去溝通。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Ifyoucannotreadsomeoneelse'semotionalstate,yourabilitytoempathizewiththemmaybecompromised.Likewise,ifyourownmaskishidingyouremotionalstate,othersmaynotbeabletoempathizewithyou.(如果你不能讀懂別人的情緒狀態(tài)，你同情他們的能力可能會受到影響。同樣地，如果你自己的口罩隱藏了你的情緒狀態(tài)，其他人可能無法與你共情)”可知，如果你戴上口罩，其他人很難理解你。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Eyecontactgeneratesself-consciousness,consumesextrabrainpowerandbecomesuncomfortableafteronlythreeseconds.(目光接觸會使人產(chǎn)生自我意識，消耗額外的腦力，3秒鐘后就會感到不舒服)”可知，眼神交流很困難，是因?yàn)樗枰嗟哪X力。故選B?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段段首句“Youmightbesurprisedhowmuchinformationisconveyedbythebodyitself.(你可能會驚訝于身體本身傳遞了多少信息)”以及第五段“Becomeawareofyourownbodylanguage,too.(也要注意自己的肢體語言)”可知，第四段為了證明肢體語言的傳遞能力舉了很多具體的例子，第五段是讓讀者注重自身運(yùn)用肢體語言。由此可知，第四段和第五段主要講了我們應(yīng)該充分利用身體語言。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Facialexpressionsaretheprimarywaypeopleexhibitemotionandreadthefeelingsofothers.Happiness,sadness,disgust,fearandsurprisecanbecommunicatedthroughfacialexpressionsalone.Butwhenpartofthefaceismasked,itbecomesmoredifficulttorecognizethesecues.(面部表情是人們表達(dá)情感和解讀他人感受的主要方式?？鞓?、悲傷、厭惡、恐懼和驚訝都可以僅通過面部表情來傳達(dá)。但當(dāng)部分面部被遮住時(shí)，識別這些線索就變得更加困難)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了面部表情在人們溝通中的重要作用，以及除了面部表情之外，人們還應(yīng)該利用眼神交流和肢體語言的方式去溝通。故A選項(xiàng)“人們?nèi)绾问褂盟麄兊纳眢w來傳達(dá)情感？”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。DIoftenfindpeacefulnessinasoaringstonechurch,acoolopenplacetositandcontemplate.Thegianttrunk-likepillars(柱子)andthegentleplayofthelightcastthroughachurch'sstainedglasswindowscreateashadedgardenofstoneandmulticoloredlight.Glassitselfisoneofthefruitsoftheartoffire.Itisafusion(熔接)oftheEarth'srocksmeltedathightemperatures.Glass'sliquid-likestructureisoneofthemainreasonsitistransparent(透明的).However,"transparent"doesnotnecessarilymeanthatalllightcanpassthroughit.Someobsidian(黑曜石)glassesaresodarklycoloredthattheyareeffectivelyblackandopaque(不透光的).Thisisbecauseelectronsofsomeelementsintheobsidianarearrangedinsuchawaythattheirenergyisthesameastheenergyofvisiblelight.Thisabilityofcertainelementstoabsorblightandgivecolorisusedtogreateffectinstainedglasswindows.Forexample,addingcobaltoxide(氧化鈷)totheglassduringmeltingwillmakeitbluebecausecobaltabsorbswavelengthsattheredendofthespectrum(光譜)butdoesnotabsorbblue.Thesecolorswerediscoveredbytheancientsthroughtrialanderror,addingdifferentmineralstothemeltingpotandmeltingfordifferentperiodsoftime,eventhoughtheyhadnoideawhatcausedthem.Theterm"stainedglass"telescopes(精簡)threedifferentprocesses:coloring,stainingandpainting,eachonecomplexandrequiringtheapplicationofmanyskills.Inthemid-16thcentury,however,differentcoloredenamels(琺瑯)begantobeused.Ithasbeensaidthattheappearanceofenamelingwasthedeathofthegreatstainedglasswindowartists.Iamnotsureifthisistrue,butIdoknowthatstandinginfrontofagreatstainedglasswindowisamagicalexperience.Nexttimeyouareinasoaringcathedral,takeamomenttoadmirethewindows.12.Whydoestheauthorwritethispassage?A.Toshowtheactualwaytomakestainedglass.B.Toexpresshisappreciationofstainedglass.C.Totalkaboutthefunctionofstainedglass.D.Toreviewthehistoryofstainedglass.13.Whatdoes“theirenergy”underlinedinparagraph2referto?A.Theenergyofhightemperatures.B.Theenergyofobsidianglasses.C.Theenergyofsomeelectrons.D.Theenergyofallelements.14.Howisstainedglassmade?A.BymeltingsomeoftheEarth'srockswithsunenergy.B.Bypaintingsomecolorsonrocksbeforemeltingthem.C.Byabsorbingfireandsunlighttomakevariedcolors.D.Byaddingsomemineralstoglasswhenitismelted.15.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.Stainedglasswasinventedinthemid-16thcentury.B.Makingenamelswasmorecomplexthanmakingstainedglass.C.Thenumberofstainedglassartistsmayhavedeclinedsincethe1550s.D.Theauthoradmiringlywelcomesthechangecausedbycoloredenamels.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章是關(guān)于彩色玻璃的介紹，也表達(dá)了作者對這種彩色玻璃的喜愛。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ioftenfindpeacefulnessinasoaringstonechurch,acoolopenplacetositandcontemplate.Thegianttrunk-likepillars(柱子)andthegentleplayofthelightcastthroughachurch'sstainedglasswindowscreateashadedgardenofstoneandmulticoloredlight.(我常在高聳的石頭教堂里找到平靜，一個(gè)很酷的可以坐下來沉思的地方。巨大的柱子和透過教堂彩色玻璃的溫和的光線形成了一座石柱影子與五彩斑斕光線之園)”及文章最后一句“Nexttimeyouareinasoaringcathedral,takeamomenttoadmirethewindows.(下次你在高聳入云的大教堂時(shí)，花點(diǎn)時(shí)間欣賞一下窗戶)”可知，作者使用了大量景物和感官的描寫，目的是表達(dá)對教堂里的彩色玻璃的喜愛。故選B?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Someobsidian(黑曜石)glassesaresodarklycoloredthattheyareeffectivelyblackandopaque(不透光的).Thisisbecauseelectronsofsomeelementsintheobsidianarearrangedinsuchawaythattheirenergyisthesameastheenergyofvisiblelight.(一些黑曜石玻璃的顏色非常深，以至于它們實(shí)際上是黑色和不透明的。這是因?yàn)楹陉资锏哪承┰氐碾娮右阅撤绞脚帕?，以致于theirenergy與可見光一樣)”可推知，黑曜石里的某些元素的電子以某方式排列，使得具備的能量和可見光一樣，所以才能阻斷可見光。由此推知，theirenergy指的是“黑曜石里的某些元素的電子的能量”。故選C。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Thesecolorswerediscoveredbytheancientsthroughtrialanderror,addingdifferentmineralstothemeltingpotandmeltingfordifferentperiodsoftime,eventhoughtheyhadnoideawhatcausedthem.(這些顏色是古人通過反復(fù)試驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)的，他們在熔爐中加入了不同的礦物質(zhì)，并在不同的時(shí)間里融化，盡管他們不知道是什么導(dǎo)致了它們)”可知，彩色玻璃是在玻璃熔化時(shí)加入一些礦物質(zhì)制成的。故選D。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Inthemid-16thcentury,however,differentcoloredenamels(琺瑯)begantobeused.Ithasbeensaidthattheappearanceofenamelingwasthedeathofthegreatstainedglasswindowartists.(在16世紀(jì)中葉，然而，不同顏色的琺瑯開始被使用了。據(jù)說琺瑯的出現(xiàn)也就是偉大彩色玻璃窗戶藝術(shù)家的死亡)”可知，C項(xiàng)“Thenumberofstainedglassartistsmayhavedeclinedsincethe1550s.(自從1550年起彩色玻璃藝術(shù)家的數(shù)量開始下降)”符合原文語意。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多于選項(xiàng)。Youmayhavegrownuplivingwithlotsofsiblings,orthismaybeyourfirsttimesharingyourlivingspacewithsomeoneelse.___16___Followthesetipstomakesureyouandyourroommatekeepthingspleasantandsupportivethroughouttheyear(orevenyears!).Addressproblemswhenthey'relittleIsyourroommatealwaysforgettingherstufffortheshower,andtakingyours?Areyourclothesbeingborrowedfasterthanyoucanwashthem?Addressingthingsthatbugyouwhilethey'restilllittlecanhelpyourroommatebeawareofsomethingshemaynototherwiseknow.Andaddressinglittlethingsismucheasierthanaddressingthemafterthey'vebecomebig.Respectyourroommate'sstuffThismayseemsimple,butit'sprobablyoneofthebiggestreasonswhyroommatesexperienceconflict.Don'tthinkhe'llmindifyouborrowhiscleatsforaquicksoccergame?Forallyouknow,youjuststeppedoveralinethatisnotcrossable.___17___Bemindfulofwhoyoubringintoyourroom-andhowoftenYoumaylovehavingyourstudygroupintoyourroom.___18___Bemindfulofhowoftenyoubringpeopleover.Ifyourroommatestudiesbestinthequiet,andyoustudybestinagroup,canyoualternatewhohitsthelibraryandwhogetstheroom?Befriendly,withoutexpectingtobebestfriendsDon'tgointoyourroommaterelationshipthinkingthatyouaregoingtobebestfriendsforthetimeyou'reatschool.___19___.Youshouldbefriendlywithyourroommatebutalsomakesureyouhaveyourownsocialcircles.___20___Treatyourroommatelikeyou'dliketobetreated.Dealwithproblemsproperly.Nomatterwhatyourrelationshipisattheendoftheyear,youcantakecomfortknowingyouactedlikeanadultandtreatedyourroommatewithrespect.A.Ifnothingelse,followthegoldenruleB.Don'tborrow,use,ortakeanythingwithoutgettingpermissionfirstC.ButyourroommatemaynotD.Whilehavingaroommateinevitablyhasitschallenges,itcanalsobeagreatpartofyourlifeexperienceE.However,yourroommatemayalsothinksoF.Addressproblemswhenthey'rebig,tooG.Itmayhappen,butexpectingitsetsbothofyouupfortrouble【答案】16.D17.B18.C19.G20.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講了如何能和舍友和諧相處，給出了五條建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youmayhavegrownuplivingwithlotsofsiblings,orthismaybeyourfirsttimesharingyourlivingspacewithsomeoneelse.(你可能和很多兄弟姐妹一起長大，或者這可能是你第一次和別人分享你的生活空間)”以及后文“Followthesetipstomakesureyouandyourroommatekeepthingspleasantandsupportivethroughouttheyear(orevenyears!).(遵循下面的建議，可以確保你和你的室友一整年，甚至好幾年都相處得愉快、相互支持)”可知，上文提到要和別人一起共用空間，后一句再給出和舍友和諧相處的建議，可知本句旨在說明和他人公用空間有挑戰(zhàn)性，后文則是對此提出建議，故D選項(xiàng)“雖然擁有舍友不可避免地具有挑戰(zhàn)性，但是也可能是你人生經(jīng)歷中的一個(gè)好部分”最符合語境，故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thismayseemsimple,butit'sprobablyoneofthebiggestreasonswhyroommatesexperienceconflict.Don'tthinkhe'llmindifyouborrowhiscleatsforaquicksoccergame.Forallyouknow,youjuststeppedoveralinethatisnotcrossable.(這似乎很簡單，但這可能是室友之間產(chǎn)生沖突的最大原因之一。不要以為想他不會介意你借他的球鞋去踢一場足球賽吧。你怎么知道你剛剛不是越過了一條不可逾越的界限)”可知，上文提到要尊重舍友的物品，不要認(rèn)為別人不介意你借他的東西可知，故B選項(xiàng)“未經(jīng)允許，不要借用、使用或拿走任何東西”最符合語境，故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youmaylovehavingyourstudygroupintoyourroom.(你可能喜歡讓你的學(xué)習(xí)小組進(jìn)入你的房間)”以及后文“Bemindfulofhowoftenyoubringpeopleover.(注意你帶客人過來的頻率)”可知，上文提到你可能喜歡讓你的學(xué)習(xí)小組來你宿舍，而后文則說要注意你帶人來宿舍的次數(shù)，可知本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出舍友可能不喜歡你經(jīng)常帶人進(jìn)宿舍，故C選項(xiàng)“但可能你的舍友不（喜歡你帶人來宿舍）”最符合語境，故選C。【19題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Befriendly,withoutexpectingtobebestfriends(要友好，不要期望成為最好的朋友)”以及后文“Youshouldbefriendlywithyourroommatebutalsomakesureyouhaveyourownsocialcircles.(你應(yīng)該和你的室友友好相處，但也要確保你有自己的社交圈)”可知，小標(biāo)題表示不要期待成為最好的朋友，空格前后也在強(qiáng)調(diào)這件事可知，此處選G最符合段落中心思想，it指代expectingtobebestfriends，故G選項(xiàng)“可能你們會成為最好的朋友，但是這樣的期望會給你們倆帶來麻煩”最符合語境，故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Treatyourroommatelikeyou'dliketobetreated.Dealwithproblemsproperly.Nomatterwhatyourrelationshipisattheendoftheyear,youcantakecomfortknowingyouactedlikeanadultandtreatedyourroommatewithrespect.(像你希望別人對待你那樣對待你室友。妥善處理問題。不管年末你們的關(guān)系如何，你都可以放心，你表現(xiàn)得像個(gè)成年人，對室友很尊重)”可知，本段的中心思想是換位思考，尊重他人，符合A選項(xiàng)中的goldenrule。故A選項(xiàng)“如果別無其他，就遵守黃金法則”最符合語境，故選A。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。TherewasatimewhenIwascertainIcouldneverdeeplyloveananimal.Iknowthisis___21___toadmit.InBritain,anindifference(冷漠)topetsisconsideredafaultonone'scharacter.Mywifewasalso___22___surethatshecouldneverdeeplylovemeifIcouldnotloveanimals.Andatthebeginningofthisyear,the___23___increased.Wewereto___24___acatfromafriendwhohadfallenforawomanwhoisallergic(過敏的)tothem.I___25___—butcoldlyenough,Ifelt,tomakeclearthatIwouldnotbe___26___forthecreature'supkeep.Iwould___27___thecostofcatfood,ofcourse,butlikeastrictVictorianfatherIwouldavoid___28___entanglement(瓜葛)．However,Hopper-well,IhardlyneedtellyouthatHopper___29___fromothercats.Eightyearsoldbutslimasakitten.Green-eyedandwhite-socked.Entirelyindependentbutinneedofhuman_____30_____,too,whenthemoodtakesher.LikeIsaid—unique.Theselastfourmonthshave_____31_____metospendanunexpectedamountoftimewithHopper.Inmymakeshiftoffice,shesleepsbesideme,meowsatmyfeet,orleapsontomyback.Throughthewindow,IwatchHopperstalk(踱方步)throughthelonggrass,_____32_____meofawilderworldoutside.EverymorningI_____33_____her;everyeveningweplaywithafeatherstucktoastick.Itisour_____34_____-theonlypartofmytimetablethathasnotbeen_____35_____bythecoronavirus(冠狀病毒).Withoutthelockdown,wouldIhaverealizedtheeverydayhappinessacatcanbring?21.A.worthwhile B.shameful C.considerate D.practical22.A.fairly B.rarely C.luckily D.normally23.A.pleasure B.risk C.doubt D.regret24.A.lookinto B.searchfor C.complainof D.takeon25.A.agreed B.denied C.explained D.hesitated26.A.late B.thankful C.famous D.responsible27.A.share B.save C.reduce D.divide28.A.spiritual B.emotional C.mental D.physical29.A.learns B.suffers C.differs D.comes30.A.company B.nature C.power D.trust31.A.promised B.forbidden C.prepared D.allowed32.A.reminding B.warning C.breaking D.informing33.A.leave B.shake C.feed D.miss34.A.burden B.routine C.mistake D.fortune35A.spoiled B.inspired C.shocked D.managed【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.D25.A26.D27.A28.B29.C30.A31.D32.A33.C34.B35.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講的是作者本來很不喜歡動物，但疫情期間和寵物共度了很久，反而覺得很幸福的故事?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道承認(rèn)這一點(diǎn)很丟臉。在英國，對寵物漠不關(guān)心被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)人性格上缺點(diǎn)。A.worthwhile值得的；B.shameful可恥的，不體面的；C.considerate體貼的；D.practical實(shí)際的。根據(jù)后面說對寵物冷漠被認(rèn)為是性格缺陷可知，此處是很難以啟齒、羞愧，因此是shameful。故選B。22題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我的妻子也相當(dāng)肯定，如果我不能愛動物，她就永遠(yuǎn)不會深深地愛我。A.fairly相當(dāng)?shù)?；B.rarely很少地；C.luckily幸運(yùn)地；D.normally正常地。根據(jù)前面說了英國人認(rèn)為對寵物冷漠是性格缺陷可知，此處是我的妻子完全肯定地表示如果我不愛動物，她也永遠(yuǎn)不會深愛我。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在今年年初，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加了。A.pleasure快樂；B.risk冒險(xiǎn)；C.doubt懷疑；D.regret后悔，遺憾。根據(jù)語境可知，我不喜歡貓，但我的妻子喜歡并且表示如果我不能喜歡動物就不會深愛我的情境，此處是我們要接納一只貓，所以風(fēng)險(xiǎn)變大了。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我們要收養(yǎng)一只朋友養(yǎng)的貓，她愛上了一個(gè)對貓過敏的女人。A.lookinto調(diào)查；B.searchfor尋找；C.complainof抱怨；D.takeon呈現(xiàn)，承擔(dān)，接納。根據(jù)后面說是朋友的貓，朋友喜歡的女人對貓過敏可知，應(yīng)該是他們要接納了一只貓。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我同意了——但我覺得我足夠冷淡地表明，我不負(fù)責(zé)養(yǎng)這個(gè)動物。A.agreed同意；B.denied拒絕；C.explained解釋；D.hesitated猶豫。根據(jù)后面的轉(zhuǎn)折可知，應(yīng)該是我同意了，但是是非常冷漠地同意。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我同意了——但我覺得我足夠冷淡地表明，我不負(fù)責(zé)養(yǎng)這個(gè)動物。A.late遲的；B.thankful感謝的；C.famous著名的；D.responsible負(fù)責(zé)人的。根據(jù)前面說我不喜歡貓，很冷漠可知，此處應(yīng)該是我表明我不會負(fù)責(zé)喂養(yǎng)貓咪。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)然，我會分擔(dān)貓糧的費(fèi)用，但就像一個(gè)嚴(yán)格的維多利亞時(shí)代的父親。A.share分享；B.save挽救；C.reduce減少；D.divide分開。根據(jù)后面說但我會避免感情瓜葛可知，此處應(yīng)該是“雖然我也會一起承擔(dān)貓糧的費(fèi)用”，畢竟作者和妻子是夫妻關(guān)系，哪怕不喜歡應(yīng)該也還是要共同承擔(dān)費(fèi)用的。故選A。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我會避免感情糾葛。A.spiritual心靈的；B.emotional情緒的；C.mental精神的；D.physical身體的。根據(jù)前面我的冷漠可知，此處是我不想和貓咪有情感糾葛。故選B。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，霍普——嗯，不用我多說你也知道霍普和其他貓是不同的。A.learns學(xué)習(xí)；B.suffers遭受；C.differs不同；D.comes來。根據(jù)空格后面的描述，以及最后一個(gè)詞unique可知，此處是differfrom表示“與……不同”。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她完全獨(dú)立，但心情不好時(shí)也需要人陪伴。A.company陪伴，公司；B.nature自然；C.power力量，能力；D.trust信任。根據(jù)前面說雖然很獨(dú)立可知，此處是但是在有情緒時(shí)也需要人的陪伴。故選A。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：過去的四個(gè)月里，我和霍珀相處的時(shí)間出乎意料。A.promised許諾；B.forbidden禁止；C.prepared準(zhǔn)備；D.allowed允許。根據(jù)后面的Inmymakeshiftoffice,shesleepsbesideme,meows