美國(guó)山地救援協(xié)會(huì)介紹

MountainRescueAssociationSavinglivesthoughrescueandmountainsafetyeducation通過(guò)救援和教育挽救生命Whoweare

我們是誰(shuí)？TheMountainRescueAssociationisaallvolunteerorganizationthatiscommittedtoimprovingthequality,availability,andsafetyofmountainsearchandrescue.山地救援協(xié)會(huì)是一個(gè)全部由志愿者構(gòu)成的組織，我們致力于改善山地搜索和救援的質(zhì)量，并提高其有效性和安全性。WhoweareMRAfoundedin1957by14localmountainrescueteamatMt.Hood,OregenthenorthwesternUnitedStates.Formedtosharemountainrescuetechniquestoimproveonrescuesafety.MRAnowhasteamsin9differentregions,over15differentstates,includingtheUSNationalParksService,andtheNationalSkiPatrol.HowitworksMRA,theonlynationalaccreditingorganizationinNorthAmerica.MemberteamstrainedinRock,Search,andSnowandIcerescuetechniques.Everyteammustpassanaccreditation/reaccreditationevery5yearstostaycurrent,andremainafullmemberoftheMRA.TheMRAanditsteamssupport“NoChargeforRescue”MRAisthenationalbodythatsetsthebylaws,policiesandguidelinesformemberteams.Eachregion,andeachteam,hasitsownBoardofDirectors.EachmemberteamandregionalsohasitsownbylawsandguidelinesbasedonthosesetbytheMRAMemberteamsarerequiredtopayduestotheMRAbasedonteamsizeTheRegionalLevelEachregionsetsforthitsownbylawsandguidelinesbasedontheMRAstandardTheseincludeshoweachofitsteamswillaccredit/reaccredit.EachregionreportstotheMRAonthestatusofallitsmembereachyear地區(qū)層面每個(gè)地區(qū)基于山地救援協(xié)會(huì)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)闡述自己的規(guī)則和指導(dǎo)方針這包括如何認(rèn)證本地區(qū)的救援團(tuán)隊(duì)每個(gè)地區(qū)每年向山地救援協(xié)會(huì)報(bào)告其所轄救援團(tuán)隊(duì)的狀況Howtheteamsgettheirmoney

救援團(tuán)隊(duì)如何籌集經(jīng)費(fèi)Eachteamhasadifferentwayofraisingmoney.Manyoftheteamsgetsomefundingfromgovernment,whileothersrelyonprivatedonations.Mostteamsholdfundraiser,eitherthroughprivatehostingorthroughpubliceventsSometeamschargetheirteammembersdues每個(gè)救援團(tuán)隊(duì)都有獲取經(jīng)費(fèi)的方法很多救援團(tuán)隊(duì)從政府獲得經(jīng)費(fèi)支持，也有一些團(tuán)隊(duì)依靠私人捐款大多數(shù)救援團(tuán)隊(duì)通過(guò)募捐活動(dòng)獲得經(jīng)費(fèi)有些救援團(tuán)隊(duì)則向其會(huì)員收取會(huì)費(fèi)HowtheteamstrainResponsibilityofeachteamtomakesureit’smembersaretrainedproperly.Teamswillholdweekly,orbiweeklytrainings.Mostteamsrequireaminimumamountoftrainingsamemberhastoattendtoremaincurrent.Usuallyteammateswithhigherskillswillrunthetrainings.救援團(tuán)隊(duì)是如何訓(xùn)練的？確保其會(huì)員得到正確的培訓(xùn)是每個(gè)救援團(tuán)隊(duì)的責(zé)任救援團(tuán)隊(duì)每周或每月兩次進(jìn)行培訓(xùn)會(huì)員需保持一定的培訓(xùn)以維持自己參與救援的資格。

通常情況下，水平較高的隊(duì)友組織培訓(xùn)HowtheteamstrainTeammembersaretrainedinthreeareasofrescue:Rock(High/lowangle)SearchAvalanche/snow/ice10InrockteamsaretrainedinHIGHANGLE高角度LOWANGLE低角度SEARCH

搜索AVALANCHE

雪崩GeartheteamsusesMostteamscarrythesamebasics;Rope,carabineers,ascending/descendingdevices,alitter,awheel,andmedicalgear.Mostteamswillcarryadditionalgeardependingontheircalloutareas,suchassnowmobilesandATV’s.救援團(tuán)隊(duì)使用的設(shè)備：繩子鐵索上升/下降器擔(dān)架(帶輪子)輪椅醫(yī)療設(shè)備雪地摩托四輪摩托車(chē)PersonalGear個(gè)人裝備：由個(gè)人負(fù)責(zé)救援團(tuán)隊(duì)一般與戶(hù)外設(shè)備公司有協(xié)議，會(huì)員可優(yōu)惠購(gòu)置設(shè)備一套個(gè)人救援裝備的價(jià)值在2000美元左右Personalgearistheresponsibilityofeachmember.Teamallhave“ProDeals”withoutdoorgearcompaniessothatindividualscanaffordtherightgear.Mostrescuepackshaveabout$2000worthofgearinthemTheMountainRESCUEPROCEDUREMountainRescueteamsfollowtheIncidentCommandSystem(ICS)fortheorganizationofallrescuesUsedasauniversalmethodtoorganizemissionslargeandsmallItWorks!!山地救援程序救援團(tuán)隊(duì)按照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的“事故指揮體系”來(lái)實(shí)施所有的救援活動(dòng)“事故指揮體系”作為一種通用的方法適用于各類(lèi)搜救任務(wù)，不管是大型的還是小型的。它確實(shí)管用！HowtotrainTrainingisdon