2024年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語試題（甲卷）（含答案）

2024全國甲卷試題及答案第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wherearethespeakersgoing?A.Anewrestaurant. B.Aconveniencestore. C.Theiroffice.2.WhenistheclasspresentationaccordingtoVicky?A.OnThursday. B.OnWednesday. C.OnTuesday.3.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Tochecktheprice. B.Tomakeanapology. C.Tocancelherorder.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Bossandemployee. C.Salespersonandcustomer.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirmovetoanewplace.B.Tom'sfriendsatschool. C.Asportscenter.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。Whatdoesthegirltellherdad?Shedecidestoquitcollege. Sheworriesaboutheracademicability.C.Sheisunpopularwithherclassmates.7.Howdoesthefatherhelphisdaughter?A.Bytellingafunnyjoke.B.Bysharinghisownstory.C.Byplanningaschooltour.聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.Whoistheman?A.Aresearcher.B.Abirdwatcher.C.Aradiohost,9.Whendobirdssingquieter?A.Onweekendmornings.B.Duringrushhours.C.Inearlyevenings.10.WhatisDr.Zollingergoingtodonext?Summarizeherstudies.Playsomerecordings.C.Answermorequestions.聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.WherewasJenaborn?A.InCanada. B.InJapan. C.InAustralia.12.HowoldwasMikewhenheleftGlasgow?A.Five. B.Six. C.Ten. 13.WhatdoweknowaboutMike'sparents?A.Theyenjoylivingabroad.B.TheyfirstmetattheageofC.Theywillstarttheirowncompany.聽第9段材料,回答第14至16題。14.WhatisthefirstquestiontoMr.Greenabout?A.Hisadventureinspace.B.Hisphysicalcondition.C.Hisdoctor'sadvice.15.HowdoesMr.GreenfeelabouttravelingtoMars?A.It'sunlikelytohappen.B.It’sphysicallydemanding.C.It'sachancenottobemissed.16.WhichisMr.Green’sfavoritemovie?A.Apollo13. B.BlueEarth. C.SpaceStation.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Givingareport. B.Introducingamusicalplay.C.Makinganannouncement.18.Whatarethestudentsexpectedtodo?A.Carryschoolflags. B.Wearfunclothes. C.Designfancymasks.19.Wherecantheparentsstandandwatch?A.Onthesidewalk. B.Ontheplayground. C.Infrontoftheoffice.20.Whatshouldthestudentsdoiftheydon'ttakepart?A.Lettheirteacherknow. B.Stayinthelecturehall. C.Dosomereading.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AEachARTSFIRSTfestivalisauniqueannualcelebrationoftheHarvardcommunity'sartisticcreativity.WeinviteyoutojoinusforthecomingARTSFIRST.WelookforwardtowelcomingyouasweshowcasethecreativityoftheHarvardartscommunitythroughperformances,artexhibitionsandart-makingactivities.ThefestivalisapubliceventforHarvardandcommunitymembersofallages.LightAwashinWatercolorLearnaboutthematerialsandqualitiesofwatercolorpaintwithexpertsfromtheHarvardArtMuseumsMaterialsLab.TryyourhandatsomeofthepaintingtricksusedbyartistswhoseworkswillbeintheupcomingexhibitionofAmericanWatercolors,1880-1990:IntotheLight.SpinelessArtists:InvertebrateCreativityFromwebstococoons,invertebrates(無脊椎動物)createsomeofnature'smostdelicateandbeautifuldesigns.JoinJavierMarinfromtheHarvardMuseumofNaturalHistorytolearnhowinsectsandotherinvertebratesdance,inspirefashionandcreateart,whilemakingyourownspinelessartistsoutofcraft(手工藝)materials.WheelThrowingJoininstructorsfromtheCeramicsProgramandgreatpottersfromQuincy,CabotandMatherHousesfordemonstrationsusingthepotter'swheel.Thencreateyourownmasterpiece!KnittingandPom-PomMaking JointheHarvardUndergraduateKnittingCircletomakepom-pomsandtasselsoutofthread,orpickupapairofneedlesandlearntoknit(編織).21.WhatdoweknowaboutARTSFIRST?A.Itisanexhibitionofoilpaintings.B.Itoffersartcoursesforallages.C.Itpresentsrecreationalactivities.D.Itisamajortouristattraction.22.Whichprogramwillyoujoinifyou'reinterestedindrawingpictures?A.LightAwashinWatercolor.B.SpinelessArtists:InvertebrateCreativity.C.WheelThrowing.D.KnittingandPom-PomMaking.23.WhatcanyoudotogetherwithJavierMarin?A.Practiceatraditionaldance.B.Makehandcrafts.C.VisitalocalmuseumD.Feedinvertebrates.BAnimalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.Forinstance,almostallanimalshavedistinctvocals(聲音)thattheyrelyontoeitheraskforhelp,scareawayanydangerousanimalsorlookforshelter.Butcatsarespecialcreatureswhopossessamazingvocalizationskills.Theyareabletohaveentireconversationswithhumansusingmeowsandyou'reabletointerpretit.Ifapetcatishungry,itwillkeepmeowingtoattractattentionandfindfood.However,whenacatislookingforaffection,theytendtoproducestretchedandsoftmeows.Meowingstartsassoonasababycatisbroughttolifeandusesittogetthemother'sattentionandbefed.Catshavemanyheightenedsenses,buttheirsenseofsmellisquiteimpressive.Theyusetheirnosestoassesstheirenvironmentandlookoutforanysignsofdanger.Theywillsniffoutspecificareasbeforetheychooseaplacetorelax.However,anotherwaythecatsareabletodistinguishbetweensituationsisbylookingforfamiliarsmells.Yourcatwilllikelysmellyourfaceandstorethesmellinitsmemoryanduseittorecognizeyouinthefuture.That'swhymostpetcatsareabletotellimmediatelyiftheirownerswerearoundanyothercats,whichtheydon'tusuallylike.Dogsareknownfortheirimpressivefetchinghabit,butcatstakethisbehaviorupanotch.Manycatswillfindrandomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.Thisisaveryoldhabitthat'sbeenpresentinallkindsofpredators(食肉動物).Catsbringgiftsfortheirownerstoshowtheyloveyou.Theseadorablelittlehuntersarejustdoingsomethingthatit'sbeenintheirnaturesincethebeginningoftime.Sojustgoalongwithit!24.Whatcanbelearnedaboutcats’meowingfromthefirstparagraph?A.It’sasurvivalskill.B.It'staughtbymothercats.C.It'shardtointerpret.D.It'sgettinglouderwithage.25.Howdoesapetcatassessdifferentsituations?A.Bylisteningforsounds.B.Bytouchingfamiliarobjects.C.Bycheckingonsmells.D.Bycommunicatingwithothercats.26.Whichbestexplainsthephrase“take...upnotch”inparagraph3?A.Performappropriately.B.Movefaster.C.Actstrangely.D.Dobetter.27.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TipsonFindingaSmartCatB.UnderstandingYourCat’sBehaviorC.HaveFunwithYourCat D.HowtoKeepYourCatHealthyCTheSaintLukastraindoesn’tacceptpassengers-itacceptsonlythesick.TheSaintLukasisoneoffivegovernment-sponsoredmedicaltrainsthattraveltoremotetownsincentralandeasternRussia.Eachstoplastsanaverageoftwodays,andduringthattimethedoctorsandnursesonboardproviderural(鄉(xiāng)村)populationswithbasicmedicalcare,X-rayscansandprescriptions."Peoplestartedqueuingtomakeanappointmentearlyinthemorning,"saysEmileDucke,aGermanphotographerwhotraveledwiththestaffoftheSaintLukasforatwo-weektripinNovemberthroughthevastregions(區(qū)域)ofKrasnoyarskandKhakassia.Russia'spublichealthcareservicehasbeeninseriousneedofmodernization.Thegovernmenthasstruggledtocomeupwithmeasurestoaddresstheproblem,particularlyinthepoorer,ruralareaseastoftheVolgaRiver,includingarrangingdoctor'sappointmentsbyvideochatandexpandingfinancialaidprogramstomotivatedoctorstopracticemedicineinremotepartsofthecountrylikeKrasnoyarsk.TheannualarrivaloftheSaintLukasisanotherattempttoimprovethesituation.For10monthseveryyear,thetrainstopsatabouteightstationsovertwoweeks,beforereturningtotheregionalcapitaltorefuelandrestock(補(bǔ)給).Thenitstartsalloveragainthenextmonth.Moststationswaitaboutayearbetweenvisits.Doctorsseeupto150patientseveryday.Thetrain'sequipmentallowsforbasiccheckups."Iwasveryimpressedbythedoctorsandtheirassistantsworkingandlivinginsuchlittlespacebutstillstayingfocusedandveryconcerned,"saysDucke."Theywerethebestchanceformanyruralpeopletogetthetreatmenttheywant."28.HowistheSaintLukasdifferentfromothertrains?A.Itrunsacrosscountries.B.Itreservesseatsfortheseniors.C.Itfunctionsasahospital.D.Ittravelsalongariver.29.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3aboutKrasnoyarsk?A.Itisheavilypopulated.B.Itofferstrainingfordoctors.C.Itisamoderncity.D.Itneedsmedicalaid.30.HowlongcantheSaintLukasworkwithonesupply?A.Aboutayear.B.Abouttenmonths.C.Abouttwomonths.D.Abouttwoweeks.31.WhatisDucke'sattitudetowardtheSaintLukas'services?A.Appreciative. B.DoubtfulC.Ambiguous. D.Cautious.D"Ididn'tliketheending,"Isaidtomyfavoritecollegeprofessor.Itwasmyjunioryearofundergraduate,andIwasdoinganindependentstudyonVictorianliterature.IhadjustfinishedreadingTheMillontheFlossbyGeorgeEliot,andIwasheartbrokenwiththeending.Prof.Gracie,withallhispatience,askedmetothinkaboutitbeyondwhetherIlikeditornot.HesuggestedIthinkaboutthedifferencebetweenendingsthatIwantedforthecharactersandendingsthatwererightforthecharacters,endingsthatsatisfiedthestoryeveniftheydidn'thaveatraditionallypositiveoutcome.Ofcourse,IwouldhavepreferredadifferentendingforTomandMaggieTulliver，buttheendingtheygotdidmakethemostsenseforthem.Thiswasanahamomentforme,andIneverthoughtaboutendingsthesamewayagain.Fromthenon,ifIwantedtoreadanendingguaranteedtobehappy,I'dpickupaloveromance.IfIwantedanendingIcouldn'tguess,I'dpickupamystery(懸疑小說).OnewhereIkindofknewwhatwasgoingtohappen,historicalfiction.Choosingwhattoreadbecameeasier.Butwritingtheend-that'shard.It'shardforwritersbecauseendingscarrysomuchweightwithreaders.Youhavetobalancecreatinganendingthat's unpredictable,butdoesn'tseemtocomefromnowhere,onethatfitswhat'srightforthecharacters.That'swhythisissue(期)ofWriter'sDigestaimstohelpyoufigureouthowtowritethebestendingforwhateverkindofwritingyou'redoing.Ifit'sshortstories,PeterMountfordbreaksdownsixtechniquesyoucantrytoseewhichonehelpsyoustickthelanding.ElizabethSimsanalyzesthefinalchaptersoffivegreatnovelstoseewhatkeypointstheyincludeandhowyoucanadaptthemforyourwork.Thisissuewon'ttellyouwhatyourendingshouldbe-that'suptoyouandthestoryyou'retelling-butitmightprovidewhatyouneedtogetthere.32.WhydidtheauthorgotoProf.Gracie?A.Todiscussanovel.B.Tosubmitabookreport.C.Toargueforawriter.D.Toaskforareadinglist.33.WhatdidtheauthorrealizeafterseeingProfGracie?A.Writingisamatterofpersonalpreferences.B.ReadersareoftencarriedawaybycharactersC.EachtypeofliteraturehasitsuniqueendingD.Astorywhichbeginswellwillendwell34.Whatisexpectedofagoodending?A.Itsatisfiesreaders’taste.B.Itfitswiththestorydevelopment.C.Itisusuallypositive.D.Itisopenforimagination.35.WhydoestheauthormentionPeterMountfordandElizabethSims?A.Togiveexamplesofgreatnovelists.B.Tostressthethemeofthisissue.C.Toencouragewritingforthemagazine.D.Torecommendtheirnewbooks.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whatismoderation(適度)?Basically，itmeanseatingonlyasmuchfoodasyourbodyneeds.Youshouldfeelsatisfiedattheendofameal,butnottoofull.______36______Butitdoesn'tmeansayinggoodbyetothefoodsyoulove.Takeyourtime.It'simportanttoslowdownandthinkaboutfoodassomethingnutritiousratherthanjustsomethingtoeatinbetweenmeetings._____37_____Itactuallytakesafewminutesforyourbraintotellyourbodythatithashadenoughfood,soeatslowlyandstopeatingbeforeyoufeelfull.Eatwithotherswheneverpossible.Eatingalone,speciallyinfrontoftheTVorcomputer,oftenleadstomindlessovereating.Andbecarefulaboutthefoodsyoukeepathand.It'smorechallengingtoeatinmoderationifyouhaveunhealthysnacksattheready,likecookies._____38______Controlemotional(情緒的)eating._____39______Manyofusalsoturntofoodtodealwithunpleasantemotionssuchassadness,loneliness,orboredom.Butbylearninghealthierwaystomanageemotions,youcanregaincontroloverthefoodyoueatandyourfeelings.______40______Ahealthybreakfastcanstartyourmetabolism(新陳代謝)，whileeatingsmall，healthymealskeepsyourenergyupallday.Avoideatinglateatnight.Trytoeatdinnerearlierandfastfor14-16hoursuntilbreakfastthenextmorning.Studiessuggestthateatingonlywhenyou'remostactiveandgivingyourdigestivesystemalongbreakeachdaymayhelptoregulateweight.A.Eatproperlythroughouttheday.B.Wedon'talwayseatjusttosatisfyhunger.C.Don'tswallowamealonthewaytowork.D.Mostofusneedtodoubletheamountweeat.E.Instead,surroundyourselfwithhealthychoices.F.Formanyofus,moderationmeanseatinglessthanwedonow.G.Thatwon'tleadtocheatingorgivinguponyourneweatingplan.語言知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Oneday,wehadafamilydinner.Whiletheadultswerebusywiththeirserioustalkoutside,Iwasleftaloneinthe_41_tohelpmygrandmotherwashdishes._42_mygrandmotherwouldtellmestoriesaboutherchildhood.BornjustbeforeWWI,mygrandmother_43_anentirelydifferentchildhoodlifestylefrommine.Shedidnothaveachancetogoto_44_.Likeintypicalfamilies,whereboyswere_45_muchmorethangirls,mygrandmahadtostayathometodo_46_.Theonlyopportunity(機(jī)會)shecouldseizeto_47_waswhenherbrotherwashavingChinese_48_ with thefamilytutor.Shewouldsitquietlyatthefarendofthelongdinnertable,listening_49_.ThistrainingtaughthertoreadandwriteherChineseupsidedown一askillthathasturnedouttobequite_50_，especiallywheneverwesharethenewspaper.Onmostweekends,mygrandmother,ayounggirlthen，andherbrotherwouldgotothe_51_.There,theywouldwalkthroughdeepwater,sitdowncross-leggedunderwaterandholdtheir_52_whiletheywatchedallactiongoingonaroundthem.ThisissomethingI_53_---herabilitytoopenher_54_underwaterandstillsitcomfortablyontheseabed.Mychildhoodisquite_55_comparedwithhers.Iam_56_thatIdidnotneedto_57_thehardshipslikeshedid.I'veneverfacedtheproblemof_58_.Iguessourdifferentchildhoodbackgroundiswhatmakesmygrandmothersuchanamazingpersonto_59_to: herstoriesalwaysmakemyhistorytextbooks_60_.A.sittingroom B.kitchen C.yard D.dininghallA.Asalways B.Bytheway C.Forexample D.Hereandnow A.adjusted B.promoted C.achieved D.experienced A.work B.school C.court D.press A.favored B.tolerated C.trusted D.acknowledged 46. A.gardening B.homework C.business D.housework 47. A.exercise B.study C.explore D.teach 48. A.food B.guests C.lessons D.tea 49. A.closely B.directly C.nervously D.freely 50. A.professional B.awkward C.simple D.practical 51. A.market B.mountain C.beach D.class 52. A.secret B.breath C.view D.tongue 53. A.admire B.notice C.adopt D.value 54. A.hands B.mouth C.eyes D.arms 55. A.difficult B.complex C.happy D.similar 56. A.grateful B.surprised C.convinced D.regretful 57. A.reflectupon B.gothrough C.askabout D.preparefor58. A.unemployment B.health C.education D.communication59. A.attend B.refer C.lead D.talk 60. A.cometrue B.comeround C.comeout D.comealive 第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Althoughparksofallsizesandtypesexistatanylevel,thenationalparks,inparticular,tend_61_(catch)ourattentionbecauseoftheirlargesizeandvariety.Theyare_62_(treasure)ofAmericanheritage(遺產(chǎn)).Howdidthenationalparksystemcomeabout?Onacool，starrynightinmid-September1870，fourmenrelaxedbeforeacampfirealongtheFireholeRiverin_63_isnow northwesternWyoming.They_64_(be)partofa15-memberexploringpartythathadspentalmostfiveawesomeweeksinwitnessofthenaturalbeautiesthere.Whatshould_65_(do)withsuchabeautifulplace?Theywonderedoutloud.Thisarea,with_66_(it)uniqueandbreathtakingnaturalbeauty,mustbewellpreserved_67_allpeopleofthenationtoenjoy-asanationalpark.Theyallagreedandvowed(承諾)topromotetheideaatthe_68_(complete)oftheirjourney.Theirpromotion