暑假作業(yè) 04 選擇性必修四重點(diǎn)單詞、單詞變形、短語、句型練習(xí)（原卷版）-【暑假分層作業(yè)】2024年高二英語暑假培優(yōu)練（人教版2019）

完成時間：月日天氣：暑假作業(yè)04選擇性必修四重點(diǎn)單詞、單詞變形、短語、句型練習(xí)一、重點(diǎn)單詞1._____________n.薪水；薪金2._____________n.謠言；傳聞3._____________vt.&vi.假設(shè)；假定4._____________n.車費(fèi)；船費(fèi)；飛機(jī)票價5._____________adj.更好的；占優(yōu)勢的；(在級別或重要性上)更高的6._____________vt.&vi.緊握；抓緊7._____________adj.模糊的；朦朧的；困惑的8._____________adj.隨機(jī)的；不可思議的9._____________adj.最著名的；第一的；首要的n.總理；首相10._____________adj.坦率的；簡單的11._____________n.標(biāo)語；口號12._____________n.部長；大臣；外交使節(jié)13._____________vi.&n.潛水；跳水；俯沖14._____________n.自由15._____________n.階段；時期16._____________n.一場；一段時間；會議17._____________n.巢穴；鳥窩；秘密窩點(diǎn)18._____________vt.給……命名(或題名)；使享有權(quán)利19._____________vt.看；看見20._____________n.等級；水平；聯(lián)合會；聯(lián)賽21._____________adj.皇家的；王室的；高貴的22._____________vt.對……征稅；使納稅n.稅；稅款23._____________vt.開發(fā)；利用；剝削24._____________vt.把……載入正式記錄；記錄n.正式記錄；日志；原木25._____________n.雜草；野草vt.&vi.除雜草26._____________n.校服；制服adj.一致的；統(tǒng)一的27._____________n.握手28._____________n.情況；信息；投入；輸入vt.輸入29._____________n.曲調(diào)；曲子vt.調(diào)音；調(diào)節(jié)；調(diào)頻道30._____________vt.感染(疾病)；與……訂立合同(或契約)n.合同；契約31._____________vt.轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)；轉(zhuǎn)播n.接力賽；接班的人32._____________vi.&vt.企盼；祈禱33._____________n.(pl.criteria)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；準(zhǔn)則；原則35._____________n.抽屜36._____________n.密探；間諜vi.從事間諜活動vt.突然看見；發(fā)現(xiàn)37._____________vt.&vi.主管；指導(dǎo)；監(jiān)督38._____________n.油煎的食物vt.&vi.油炸；油炒；油煎39._____________n.錢包；皮夾子(尤指女用)40._____________n.籠子vt.關(guān)在籠子里二、重點(diǎn)單詞變形1.appointvt.任命；委任→_____________adj.約定的；指定的→_____________n.預(yù)約；約會；委任2.guiltn.內(nèi)疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行→_____________adj.內(nèi)疚的；有罪的；有過失的3.declarevt.表明；宣稱；公布→_____________n.公告；宣言4.dividevt.分割；分配；除以→_____________n.分開；分隔；差異；除(法)；部門，處5.urgen.強(qiáng)烈的欲望；沖動vt.催促；力勸；大力推薦→_____________adj.緊急的；緊迫的；催促的；急切的→_____________n.緊迫；急迫；急事；緊要6.explodevi.&vt.爆炸；爆破vi.(感情的)爆發(fā)→_____________n.爆炸；爆破(聲)7.mudn.泥；泥漿→_____________adj.泥濘的8.foundvt.成立；建立→_____________n.創(chuàng)建者；締造者→_____________n.創(chuàng)建；基礎(chǔ)；地基；基金會9.politicsn.政治→_____________adj.政治的→_____________n.政客，政治家10.locatevt.找出……的位置→_____________adj.位于→_____________n.地方；位置11.freeadj.免費(fèi)的；自由的→_____________n.自由；不受……影響的狀態(tài)12.distributevt.分布；分配；分發(fā)→_____________n.分布；分配；分發(fā)13.frequentadj.頻繁的；常見的→_____________adv.常常；頻繁地→_____________n.發(fā)生率；重復(fù)率；(聲波或電磁波振動的)頻率14.violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的→_____________n.暴力；暴行；激情15.biologyn.生理；生物學(xué)→_____________adj.生物學(xué)的；生物的→_____________n.生物學(xué)家16.capableadj.有能力的；有才干的→_____________n.能力；容量17.extendvt.擴(kuò)展；使伸長；延長→_____________adj.廣泛的；廣闊的；大量的→_____________n.延伸；擴(kuò)大；延期18.negotiatevt.商定；達(dá)成(協(xié)議)vi.談判；磋商；協(xié)商→_____________adj.可協(xié)商的→_____________n.談判；協(xié)商19.professionn.職業(yè)；行業(yè)→_____________adj.專業(yè)的；職業(yè)上的n.專業(yè)人員→_____________n.教授；教師20.mixvt.&vi.混合；調(diào)配→_____________n.混合；結(jié)合體；混合物21.applaudvt.&vi.鼓掌vt.稱贊；贊賞→_____________n.掌聲22.migratevi.遷徙；移居→_____________n.遷移；遷徙；移居23.murdervt.謀殺；兇殺；毀壞n.謀殺；兇殺→_____________n.殺人犯；殺人兇手24.mercyn.仁慈；寬?。欢骰荨鷂____________adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；寬容的→_____________adj.殘忍的；無情的25.possessvt.擁有；具有；支配→_____________n.[usuallypl.]個人財(cái)產(chǎn)；擁有；控制26.dustn.沙土；灰塵vi.&vt.擦灰→_____________adj.布滿灰塵的27.chemicaladj.化學(xué)的n.化學(xué)物質(zhì)→_____________n.化學(xué)→_____________n.化學(xué)家；藥劑師；藥房28.ripeadj.成熟的；時機(jī)成熟的→_____________vi.&vt.成熟；使成熟29.privilegen.優(yōu)惠待遇；特權(quán)→_____________adj.有特權(quán)的；受特別優(yōu)待的30.disablevt.使失去能力；使殘廢→_____________adj.有殘疾的；喪失能力的→_____________n.缺陷；障礙；殘疾31.lateadj.&adv.遲；晚；接近末期→_____________adv.最近；不久前；近來→_____________adj.最新的32.consultvi.&vt.咨詢；請教→_____________n.顧問→_____________n.咨詢；咨詢會33.stableadj.穩(wěn)定的；牢固的；穩(wěn)重的→_____________adv.穩(wěn)定地→_____________n.穩(wěn)定(性)；穩(wěn)固(性)34.lawn.法律→_____________n.律師35.participatevi.參與；參加→_____________n.參與；參加→_____________n.參與者；參加者36.detectvt.察覺；發(fā)現(xiàn)；探測→_____________n.偵探；警探→_____________n.察覺；發(fā)現(xiàn)37.accountn.賬戶；賬目→_____________n.會計(jì)；會計(jì)師38.justadj.公正的；正義的；合理的→_____________n.公平；公正；合理39.greedn.貪心；貪欲→_____________adj.貪婪的；貪心的→_____________adv.貪心地；貪婪地；貪吃地40.socialadj.社會的；交際的；社交的→_____________n.社會；社團(tuán)→_____________adj.社會主義的n.社會主義者41.dedicatevt.把……奉獻(xiàn)給→_____________adj.獻(xiàn)身的；專心致志的→_____________n.獻(xiàn)身；奉獻(xiàn)42.prioradj.先前的；較早的；優(yōu)先的→_____________n.優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)；首要的事；優(yōu)先43.financen.資金；財(cái)政；金融vt.提供資金→_____________adj.金融的；財(cái)政的44.receiptn.收據(jù)；接收→_____________n.接待處；歡迎會→_____________n.接待員45.employvt.雇用→_____________n.雇主；老板→_____________n.雇員→_____________n.雇用；就業(yè)三、重點(diǎn)短語1.___________________檢驗(yàn)；測試2.___________________更像是；更接近3.___________________根據(jù)；以……的方式(基準(zhǔn))4.___________________事物的利與弊；支持與反對5.___________________比……更好；更勝一籌6.___________________占上風(fēng)；取而代之；接管；接手7.___________________與……沖突或抵觸8.___________________關(guān)掉；熄滅；在場；使朝外；結(jié)果是9.___________________(逐漸)減少；消失10.___________________有強(qiáng)烈的欲望做某事11.___________________一群(羊或鳥)12___________________少數(shù)人(或物)；一把(的量)13.___________________被稱為是……14.___________________迫不及待做某事15.___________________共同努力做某事16.___________________向……告別17.___________________追溯到18.___________________舒適，自在19.___________________撿起；(無意中)學(xué)會；接收；(開車)接某人20.___________________偶然遇到21.___________________起航；開航22.___________________獨(dú)領(lǐng)風(fēng)騷23.___________________退出；撤回24.___________________在手頭；可供使用25.___________________從科學(xué)角度看26.___________________作為對……的回報(bào)27.___________________突然28.___________________把……區(qū)分開29.___________________在……的指揮下30.___________________設(shè)法到達(dá)31.___________________齊聲；異口同聲32.___________________更不用說；且不說33.___________________認(rèn)為(……)是理所當(dāng)然；對(……)不予重視34.___________________轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)給……；轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)給……35.___________________但愿36.___________________渴望做某事37.___________________有很大影響38.___________________需要39.___________________前幾天40.___________________適應(yīng)41.___________________蹦來蹦去；彈來彈去42.___________________起步前的優(yōu)勢43.___________________抽屜柜44.___________________得出結(jié)論45.___________________關(guān)懷；照料；處理46.___________________對……有熱情47.___________________回顧，回想48.___________________幫助……擺脫(困境)49.___________________總之50.___________________為了……起見四、重點(diǎn)句型1.句型公式：全部倒裝這座城市的西面有一座古廟，里面完好保存著許多古籍。_________________________________inwhichmanyancientbooksarewellpreserved.2.句型公式：more...than...當(dāng)她的小兒子再次對她說謊時，與其說她生氣倒不如說她傷心。Shewas_________________________________whenherlittlesonliedtoheragain.3.句式解讀：修辭之明喻它在溫柔低語，就像一個小女孩對她的母親私語一樣。Itmurmuredinasoftvoice_________________________________.4.句型公式：what引導(dǎo)主語從句我能夠保證的是我將組織一些校際活動，以提高學(xué)生的競爭意識。_________________________________Iwillorganizesomeactivitiesbetweenuniversitiestoraisestudents’awarenessofcompetition.5.句型公式：動詞不定式作目的狀語為了豐富《高中生》的內(nèi)容，我們決定添加一個有關(guān)高中生生活的欄目。_________________________________ofSeniorMiddleSchoolStudents，wedecidedtoaddacolumnaboutthelifeofseniormiddleschoolstudents.6.句型公式：Therebe...＋定語從句眾所周知，在中國有很多傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，其中一些是有代表性的。Asweallknow，__________________________________________________________________.7.句型公式：Theaimistodo...目的是……這次活動的目的是增強(qiáng)我們保護(hù)文化遺產(chǎn)的意識。Theaimoftheactivityis__________________________________________________________________.8.句型公式：Thereisaneedtodosth有必要做某事全球變暖已經(jīng)成為海洋生物的一大威脅，迫切需要盡一切努力來對抗全球變暖。(2022·全國甲卷)__________________________________________________________________，whichhasbecomeagreatthreattoseacreatures.9.句型公式：sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句然后我可以抽出一些時間再學(xué)習(xí)功夫，這樣我們就可以每天一起練習(xí)了。(2020·全國Ⅱ卷)ThenIcansparesometimeto_________________________________togethereveryday.10.句型公式：since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句由于我有許多教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我可以勝任這項(xiàng)工作。_________________________________，Icanbefitforthejob.11.句型公式：bedoing...when...正在做某事突然……我正在上網(wǎng)搜索相關(guān)信息我的手機(jī)突然響了。__________________________________________________________________mycellphonerang.12.句型公式：Idoubtwhether...我懷疑是否……說實(shí)在的，我懷疑他們兩天內(nèi)能否完成這項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)。Tobehonest，I_________________________________intwodays.13.句型公式：wish后的虛擬語氣我希望將來有機(jī)會去北京深造。IwishI_________________________________forfurtherstudyinthefuture.14.句型公式：Thisisbecause...目前，許多人學(xué)漢語，這是因?yàn)橹袊谑澜缟险缪葜找嬷匾慕巧tpresent，thereareanumberofpeoplelearningChineseand_________________________________________.15.句型公式：thereisnopoint(in)doingsth一旦他下定決心，說服他改變主意就沒有意義了。Oncehehasmadeuphismind，__________________________________________________.一、結(jié)合語境運(yùn)用單詞1.Thechairwomanhasdeclaredthat100workerswillbe___________解雇)nextweek.2.Inthepractice，wecanexperiencethevalueof___________(勞動)andexposeourselvestoawiderangeofpracticalskills.(2022·煙臺市適應(yīng)性練習(xí)一)3.DesperateasDerekwas，hetooksomesoapsand___________(拿來)thejacketsecretlytothesinkwithJaney.4.Someofthestudiesshowpositiveresults，___________(然而；但是)othersdonot.5.MymainreasonforsubscribingtoNewScientististokeepthe_______(步伐；節(jié)奏)ofadvancesinscience.6.Itwassomuchfunwhenwetogetherenjoyedthe___________(宏大的)parade.(2022·浙江1月卷)7.Maryworkedhereasa___________(臨時的)secretaryandendedupgettingafull-timejobinthecompany.8.Learningthathewilldropoutofschoolforlackofmoney，I’mdeterminedto___________(贊助)hiseducation.9.The___________(紀(jì)念碑)isinmemoryofthesoldierswhodiedindefenceoftheircountry.10.Themuseumwasfoundedin2003bythe___________(共同的)effortsoflocalauthoritiesandPicasso’sheirs.11.Police___________(逮捕；拘留)fiveyoungmeninconnectionwithoneoftheattacksmonthsago.12.Quietandlonelyashewas，heneverfeltlikehe___________(增強(qiáng)信任關(guān)系)withanyoftheotherstudents.13.Hetoldsomefascinating___________(故事)abouthislifeinIndia，whichgreatlyattractedtheaudience.14.___________(與此同時)，alltheaudienceweretouchedbyhisperseverancedeeplyandapplaudedwarmly.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)15.Thelatestnewsrevealedthatthegeneral___________(撤退)assoonasthecrisisended.16.Theradioprogramprovidesagood___________(平臺)forthestudentstosharetheirschoollife.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)17.Myparents___________(拖；拽)meintothestupidmovie.Iwasseizedbyboredom.(情感描寫)18.Iwanderedunderthe___________(陰涼處)ofamaple，watchingbutterfliesflyinglazilysouthward.19.After___________(辭職)fromthecompany，thedisabledmantooksomebookstothepostofficeand___________(郵寄)themtohisfriend.20.Thescientistmadegreatcontributions，sohe___________(值得)givingsomanyawards.21.Notonlycanwelearnresponsibilitybutwecanalso___________(獲得)manylifeskillsfromit.22.Theyoungwomaninchargeofanonlineshopwas___________(指控)ofcheatingthecustomers.23.MrWang，anartteacherinourschool，isfamousforhis___________(書法).24.Whatmadehimhappywasthatafteralltheseyearsheatlastpaidoffallhis___________(債務(wù)).二、結(jié)合語境運(yùn)用短語1.Itisnecessarythatweweighthe______________ofincludingEnglishwordsinChinesedictionaries.2.He______________tobeguiltyofhismeanwordsandtearsofregretblurredhiseyes.3.Theviewfromthepeakofthemountainwaswonderfulandourtiredness______________.4.Helenwaschosenforthejobbecauseshewas______________anyothercandidate.5.IholdthefirmbeliefthatMarywastheidealpersonto______________thejob.6.IwassearchingforsomeinformationonlinewhenI______________asocialnetworkingsite.7.Thenheopenedoneofhisbagsandgaveme______________freshlypickedcherries.8.Iamwonderingwhetheryoucan________him________attheairportatyourconvenience.9.It’sreallyhardformeto______________you，andI’mquitegratefultoyouforyourhelpwithmyEnglishlearning.10.Theyhaveastraightforwardandfree-and-easyattitudetowardslife，andtheirfriendlinessandwarmthmademe______________whereverIwent.11.IwishIcoulddosomething______________thekindnessIhavereceivedfromhim.12.Soonaftertheship______________，aterriblestormblewup.13.Withlotsoffoodanddrink______________，theysetofffortheirpicnic.14.Whenitcomestoping-pong，Chineseplayersare______________.15.______________theofficer，theysucceededindefeatingtheenemy.16.______________，across-countryracewasheldwiththepurposeofhelpingusbuildupstrength.17.Sincethen，shehasacquiredagoodknowledgeofEnglish，______________chemistry.18.Shewrinkledherforeheadandgotconfusedandworriedbytheaccident，______________hisfatherwouldbeallright.19.Nomatterwhathappened，hewould______theinformation_____hiscommander.20.Asweallknow，deedsaremuchbetterthanwordswhenpeopleare______________help.21.Withseveralideas______________inhishead，thechemistcouldn’tdecidewhichonetochoose.22.Ihadanurgentthingto______________.That’swhyIdidn’tattendyourbirthdayparty.23.Judgingbyhiswords，I______________thathewasinfavourofourplan.24.Shesucceededingivingupsmoking______________herhealth.25.Agoodeducationgivesyourchilda______________inlife.三、用括號里所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Heperformedperfectlyinthespeechcontestandan_________(explode)ofapplausecameoutoftheaudience.2.Ifeel_________(guilt)forteasingtheinnocentchildwhofelloveronthe_________(mud)track.3.Ihavebeentoldthatourdonatedbooks_________(distribute)toeachstudentassoonaspossible.4.What’smore，basketballhighlights_________(join)efforts，whichshapeusintobetterindividualswithgoodteamspirit.5.Themanofintegritygotinvolvedinthe_________(politics)activity，whichmadehimapowerfulfigureinChineseculture.6.Itisdeclaredthatthemapclearlyshowsthe_________(distribute)ofthisspeciesacrosstheworld.7.Theexhibition_________(sponsor)byseveralfamouscompaniesturnedouttobeagreatsuccess.8.Shegivesmethe_________(free)tomakemistakesandtolearnfromthemall.(2021·全國乙卷)9.Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthow_________(frequent)eachofyouwantstobecon