高中英語外刊閱讀語法填空October 15

高中英語外刊閱讀語法填空October15

1我們在與人交談時，為什么很難保持眼神接觸？

Itturnsoutwe'renotjustawkward,ourbrains

1(actual)can'thandlethetasksofthinkingoftheright

wordsandfocusingonafaceat2sametime.

Theeffectbecomesmorenoticeablewhensomeoneis

tryingtocomeupwithlessfamiliarwords,3isthoughtto

usethesamementalresourcesassustainingeyecontact.

ScientistsfromTokyoUniversityinJapanputthistothe

testin2016by4(have)26volunteersplayword

associationgameswhilestaringatcomputer-generatedfaces.

Whenmakingeyecontact,theparticipantsfound5

hardertocomeupwithlinksbetweenwords.

"Althougheyecontactandverbalprocessingappear

6(independence),peoplefrequentlyavert(避開)their

eyesfrominterlocutors(對話者)duringconversation,"wrote

theresearchers.

"Thissuggeststhatthereisinterference（干擾）between

theseprocesses."

Thevolunteers7（test）whilelookingatboth

animationsoffacesmakingeyecontactandanimationsoffaces

lookingaway.Theywerealsoaskedtothinkoflinksbetween

easilyassociatedwordsandwordswheretherearealotof

competingassociations.

Forexample,thinkingofaverbfor'knife'isrelatively

easy,becauseyoucan'tdomuchmorethancutorstabwithone.

Comingupwith8associatedverbfor'folder'（文件夾）is

harder,consideringyoucouldopen,close,orfillthem.

Thevolunteerstooklongertothinkofwordswhenthey

weremakingeyecontact,butonlywhendifficultword

associationswereinvolved.Theresearcherssuspectthe

hesitation9（indicate）thebrainishandlingtoomuch

informationatonce.

In2015,ItalianpsychologistGiovanniCaputo

demonstrated（i正明）thatstaringintosomeoneelse'seyesfor

just10minutesinduced（誘發(fā)）analteredstateof

consciousness.Participantssawhallucinations（幻像）of

monsters,theirrelatives,andeventheirownfaces.

Itseemsthataprocess10（call）neuraladaptation

isthecause,whereourbrainsgraduallyaltertheirresponseto

astimulusthatdoesn'tchange-sowhenyouputyourhandona

table,youimmediatelyfeelit,butthatfeelinglessens（減弱）as

youkeepyourhandthere.

Andinthemeantime,ifsomeonelooksawaywhilethey're

talkingtoyou,theymightnotbebeingrude-theycouldjust

haveanoverloadedcognitivesystem（認(rèn)知系統(tǒng)）.

Keys：

1actually2the3which4having5it6independent

7weretested8an9indicates10called

2比薩斜塔為何能經(jīng)歷4次大地震而不倒？

ThesecretbehindtheLeaningTowerofPisasurvivingfour

earthquakes

NewresearchhasrevealedhowtheiconicLeaningTower

ofPisahasmanaged1（stay）standing-andintact-inthe

faceoffourstrongearthquakesandaprecarious（不穩(wěn)定的）lean

offivedegrees.

Thevulnerability（脆弱性）oftheUnescoWorldHeritage

Site2（confuse）engineersandscientistsformillennia.

Moderateseismicactivitywasexpectedto3（significant）

damagethe58mtallTower,orevenresultincollapsebut,

incredibly,thishasnothappened.

Aresearchgroupof16engineersattheUniversityof

Bristolhasnowdiscoveredthatthe4（consider）height

andstiffness（岡I度，石史度）oftheTower,combinedwiththe

softnessofthefoundationsoil,ensureitdoesn'tresonate（共鳴）

withearthquakegroundmotion.

Thisphenomenonis5（know）asdynamic

soil-structureinteraction（DSS1）（動態(tài)相互作用）andtheTower

nowholdstheauspicious（吉祥的）titleofworldrecordholder

inbSSIeffects.

"Interestingly,theverysamesoil6causedthe

leaninginstabilityandbroughttheTowertotheverge（邊緣）of

collapse,canbecreditedforhelpingitsurvivetheseseismic

（地震的）events,"saidProfessorMylonakis,headofthe

EarthquakeandGeotechnicalEngineeringResearchGroupatthe

UniversityofBristol.

TheTowercontinuestoattractvisitorskeentomarvelat

thisremarkablearchitecturalfeat.7(construct)onthe

Towerbeganin1173andcontinuedforabout200yearsdueto

theonsetofaseriesofwars.

Multipleeffortstomaintainthehistoricstructurehave

occurredovertheyears.Inthe1920s,thefoundationswere

injectedwithcementgroutingwiththeintentionofstabilising

theTower,whilein1990,adecision8(make)to

completelyclosethesitetovisitorsduetofearsitwasatrisk

oftoppling.

ItwasthefirsttimetheTower9(close)in800

years.Itreopenedagainin2001andremainsoneofItaly'smost

populartourist10(attraction).

Keys：

1tostay2hasconfused3significantly4considerable

5known6that7Construction8wasmade

9hadbeenclosed10attractions

3全球每年300萬人因吸煙過早死亡

5mokingdown,buttobaccousestillamajorcauseofdeath,

disease-WHO

Fewerpeoplearesmokingworldwide,especiallywomen,

butonlyonecountryineightisontracktomeetatargetof

reducingtobaccouse1（significant）by2025,theWorld

HealthOrganization（WHO）saidonThursday.

Threemillionpeopledieprematurely（過早地）eachyear

duetotobaccousethatcausescardiovascular（心血管的）

diseasessuchasheartattacksandstroke,theworld'sleading

killers,itsaid,markingWorldNoTobaccobay.Theyinclude

890,0002（death）throughsecond-handsmoke

exposure.

TheWHOclinched（締結(jié)）alandmarktreaty（標(biāo)志性公約）

in2005,nowratified（批準(zhǔn)生效）by180countries,thatcallsfor

abanontobaccoadvertisingandsponsorship（贊助）,andtaxes

3（discourage）use.

"Theworldwideprevalence（流行率）oftobaccosmokinghas

decreasedfrom27percentin2000to20percentin2016,so

progresshasbeenmade,"DouglasBettcher,directorofthe

WHO'spreventionofnoncommunicable(非傳染性)diseases

department,toldanewsbriefing.

LaunchingtheWHO'sglobalreportontrendsin

prevalenceoftobaccosmoking,hesaidthatindustrialized

countriesaremaking4(fast)progressthandeveloping

countries.

Progressinkickingthehabitisuneven,withtheAmerica

theonlyregionsettomeetthetargetofa30percentreduction

intobaccouseby20255(compare)to2010,forbothmen

andwomen,theWHOsaid.

Overall,tobaccokillsmorethan7millionayearandmany

peopleknowthatitir\cre.ase.stheriskofcancer,theWHOsaid.

ButmanytobaccousersinChinaandIndiaare

6(aware)oftheirincreasedriskofdevelopingheart

diseaseandstroke,7(make)i