新教材2021-2022學(xué)年英語北師大版選擇性必修第二冊練習(xí)：Unit 2 Starting out 與 Understanding ideas

四Unit2Startingout&Understanding

ideas

------------語用訓(xùn)練----------

I.根據(jù)語境及漢語提示寫出正確的單詞

1.Thestudentsarenowaskedtowearmaskswhileatclassroomfortheir

security（安全）.

2.ShestartedstudyingEnglishatcollege,butswitched（改變）to

Businessinhersecondyear.

3.Theteacheroftentakesmeasurestomotivate（激勵）hisstudentsto

workhardandefficiently.

4.Theprogramwilloccupy（占用）thathalf-hourperiodbeforethenine

o'clocknews.

5.YoucanpostyourrelationshipconditiononyourFacebookprofile（概

況）.

6.Thefilmmanagedtodistract（分散）mefromtheseproblemsfora

while.

7.Aftergraduation,theyoungmanconstantly（持續(xù)不斷地）writes

articlesfortheonlinemedia.

8.Theschoolprovidespapertowels（毛巾）forthechildrentodrytheir

handson.

9.Youneedapasswordtogetaccess（接觸的機會）tothecomputer

system.

10.Thepeopleontheislandrelied（依賴）onthesuppliesthatwere

broughtfromthemainland.

n.選詞填空

switchon,onreflection,missout,throwinthetowel,have

accessto,relyon,beoccupiedwith,pickup,upto,givein

1.Thebossrefusedatfirst,butonreflection,herealizedtheoffer

wasperfectactually.

2.Rorydidnotswitchonalight,butwalkedtothewindowandpulled

backthecurtains.

3.Studentsmusthaveaccesstogoodresources.

4.Thesuccessofthefightagainstthediseasereliesoneveryonemaking

aneffort.

5.AtthattimeIwasoccupiedwithtakingcareofmyelderlymother.

6.Wedidn'thaveaTVathomewhenIwasyoung,andIfeltasthough

Imissedout.

7.Jimbeatmeforthefourthtimeinthegame,soIthrewinthe

towel.

8.Theargumentwentonforhoursbecauseneithersidewouldgivein.

9.Theantwillpickuptheseedandcarryitaway.

10.Saversareavailableforchildrenupto16yearsold,over60sand

full-timestudents.

m.完成句子

1.1liketosleepwiththewindowsopen.

我喜歡開著窗戶睡覺。

2.Shehadtostrugglenottogiveintoadesiretolaugh.

她不得不努力不讓自己笑出來。

3.Hemaybebusy.Ifso.I'llcalllater.

他可能很忙，如果是這樣的話，我晚點再打電+話。

4.Keepingthesehabitshelpsreducetheriskofheartdisease.

保持這些習(xí)慣有助于降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險。

5.Greenisacolorthat/whichstandsforthehopeandjoyofspring.

綠色是代表春天的希望和歡樂的顏色。

IV.結(jié)合課文主題使用本單元詞匯與句型，根據(jù)提示寫一篇80詞左

右的短文

1.青少年們往往對于網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全(security)問題不是非常重視。

2.他們總是忙于(occupy)上網(wǎng)，發(fā)帖子，或者更新自己的個人概況

(profile)o

3.有的時候，他們持續(xù)不斷地(constantly)使用社交媒體，每天幾乎長

達(upto)幾個小時。

4.更糟糕的是，他們中的一些人會接觸到(access)一些虛假的新聞。

5.這種過于依賴(relyon)社交媒體的生活對于他們來說是不利的。

6.他們應(yīng)該遠離來自網(wǎng)上的不好的消息并且使網(wǎng)絡(luò)成為他們生活中

一種有用的工具。

Teenagersoftenpavlittleattentiontotheproblemofnetwork

security.Firstofall,theytendtooccupythemselvesinsurfingthe

Internet,posting,orupdatingtheirpersonalprofilesonthe

Internet.Inaddition,thevusesocialmediaconstantlyuptoafew

hoursaday.Tomakemattersworse,someofthemmayhaveaccess

tosomenewsthatmaybefake.Thefactthattheyrelytoomuchonthe

socialmediaisharmfultothem.Thevshouldkeepawayfromthebad

newsfromtheInternetandtrytomaketheInternetakindofuseful

toolintheirlife.

------------主題閱讀-----------

I.閱讀理解

A

（2021?武漢高二檢測）

Inourdailylives,weprobablymakesillymistakes.Whilethese

momentscanbeworrying,theycanalsobehandledwithhumor.

Whenwesharealaughatourmistakes,wecancalmourselvesdown

withathreadofunderstandingandacceptance.

Whenonemorninginarushtoschool,Ispilled（潑灑）mycupof

orangejuice.IimmediatelythoughtofthepreciousminutesIwouldhave

tospendincleaningupthefloor.Iracedbackandforthtothesink（洗碗

槽）withakitchenclothsoaked（浸透）withjuicetowashoff.Mylegs

wereshakingasIwatchedfrommywindowtheschoolbuscomingtomy

street.Withinaminute,Ihadthrowntheorangejuice-soakedclothto

thesinkandranoutsidetojointhegroupofkidsinenteringthebus.

Whenthinkingaboutmymorningrushtocleanupthespilledjuiceon

thebus,IrealizedhowmuchunnecessarystressandworryIputmyself

through.Iendedupsmilingtomyselfaboutmyminornervousnessover

spilledjuice.

ThesedaysIdon/tusuallyspillorangejuice,butIdosometimes

spillabitofspaghettisauceonmypantorputonmysweaterbackwards

whenI'mreallytiredandinahurryforschool.Ineachofmymistakes,I

trytoremindmyselfnottotakemyselfsoseriously.Ittakesmeaminute

tocalmdown,takeadeepbreathandsmileatmycarelessness.Itis

theabilitytoseemistakesinadifferentwaythatenablesmetofind

humorineverydaymoments.

Humor,however,doesn/talwayshavetoarisefromsilly

mistakes.Kidsmayhaveagoodlaughatcomicbooks,classicjokesand

storiestoldbyfriendsandparents.Whatmattersmoreisnotwhereyou

findthehumorinlife,butthatyoucanappreciateit.

【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。在生活中，我們總是會犯這樣或那樣

的錯誤，我們應(yīng)該怎么對待這種情況呢？作者結(jié)合個人的經(jīng)歷告訴

我們，幽默可以使我們正確對待錯誤并使自己保持快樂。

1.Whenwemakemistakesinourdailylives,we.

A.shouldtreatthemproperly

B.maytrytoenjoyourselves

C.mustknowthevalueofthem

D.hadbetterforgetthemintime

選推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知，在我們的日常生活中，我

Ao

們可能會犯愚蠢的錯誤。雖然這些時刻可能令人擔憂，但也可以用幽

默來處理。當我們?yōu)樽约旱腻e誤而開懷大笑時，我們可以通過理解和

接受來讓自己冷靜下來。由此可知，我們應(yīng)該正確地看待自己所犯的

錯誤。故選A項。

2.WhatdidtheauthordobeforegoingtoschoolinParagraph2?

A.Hepreparedbreakfastbusily.

B.Hehadsomeclotheswashed.

C.Hemadeacupoforangejuice.

D.Hedidsomecleaningathome.

選細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句和第三句可知，我立刻想

Do

到我必須花幾分鐘來清理地板。我拿著一塊浸透了果汁的廚房布，跑

到水池邊去洗。由此可知，在上學(xué)之前作者做了一些清洗工作。故選

D項。

3.WecanlearnfromParagraph3thattheauthor.

A.makesmanymistakesnowthethen

B.triestokeephimselfcalmwithhumor

C.hasbeenusedtobeingbusyeveryday

D.alwaysmakesotherpeoplearoundhappy

選細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段后兩句可知，我花了一分鐘的時

Bo

間冷靜下來，深吸一口氣，對自己的粗心微笑。用不同的方式看待錯

誤的能力使我能在日常生活中找到幽默。由此可知，作者用幽默安慰

自己，讓自己鎮(zhèn)定下來。故選B項。

4.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?

A.Weshouldtrytofindwherehumorlies.

B.Wecanbehappybyenjoyinghumor.

C.Itisnaturalforustomakemistakes.

D.Readingisagoodhabitforeveryperson.

選推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段

Bo"Whatmattersmoreisnotwhere

youfindthehumorinlife,butthatyoucanappreciateit."（重要的不

是你在哪里發(fā)現(xiàn)生活的幽默，而是你能欣賞它。）可知，作者認為，更

重要的是我們要會欣賞幽默，才能生活得快樂。故選B項。

B

Everywherewelook,wearesurroundedbytechnology.We

heavilyrelyontechnologyforourday-to-daylives.Therearethesocial

mediaapps,suchasFacebook,Twitter,whereweareabletosee

intothelivesofeveryonearoundus.Thereareothermoreusefulapps

likeGoogleMapswhereyoucanuseaGPStogetfromoneplaceto

another.Itisnowonderthatweareconstantlylookingdownatour

phonesandotherdevices.And,thatisaproblem.

Prettysoon,Ifearthatpeoplewillnolongerbeableto

communicatefacetoface.Ipersonallylovebeingabletositdownand

haveaconversationwithsomeonesanscellphonesanddistractions.It

showsthatyoucareaboutwhoyouaretalkingtoandwanttoinvolve

andlistentothem.Thecellphonecanwaituntillater.

WhatIreallydislikeisthatyoungerandyoungerchildrenareusing

technology.Insteadofplayingoutsidewithfriends,theyareplayingon

iPads,iPods,orvideogames.Insteadofhavinglittlegamesorbooks,

childrennowhaveelectronicdevicestousetodistractthemevenif

waitingatdoctors'appointmentsetc.Theywantcellphonesatyoung

ages.Theyhavetexting.Ioverheardsixthgradersonedaytalkingabout

texting,andIwasalittlesad.Atthatage,Ihadtocallmyfriendson

thephoneinordertotalktothem.

Weareasocietybasedontechnology.And,thatisn/tacompletely

badthing,givenitsuseinareassuchasmedicine.Butweshouldn/tbe

addictedtosomanyofthesedevicesthatweforgettolookaroundand

seewhatishappeningintheworldaroundus.

【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。作者提出了在日常生活中人們嚴重

地依賴高科技產(chǎn)品的現(xiàn)象，并表達自己的觀點：不要沉迷于電子產(chǎn)

品。

5.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Sometechproductsleaveusunabletofocus.

B.Socialmediaappsmakepeoplemorevisible.

C.Manypeopleusuallymisusesocialmediaapps.

D.Technologyprovidesuswithaconvenientlife.

選A。推理判斷題。從第一段中wearesurroundedbytechnology和

Weheavilyrelyontechnology以及weareconstantlylookingdownat

ourphonesandotherdevices可知，這些電子設(shè)備分散了人們的注意

力。故選A項。

6.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword"sans"inParagraph2?

A.Inneedof.B.Without.

C.Inspiteof.D.With.

選詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段

BoIpersonallylovebeingabletositdown

andhaveaconversationwithsomeone可知，作者個人喜歡能夠坐下

來和人面對面交談。以及Thecellphonecanwaituntillater可知，交談

時沒有手機和其他的干擾。故選B項。

7.What'stheauthor/sattitudetowardsusingtechnologyinmedicine?

A.Indifferent.B.Opposed.

C.Concerned.D.Supportive.

選推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段

Dothatisn'tacompletelybadthing,given

itsuseinareassuchasmedicine可知，作者對高科技在醫(yī)學(xué)方面的應(yīng)

用持支持的態(tài)度。故選D項。

8.Whatdoestheauthorreallywanttoshowinthepassage?

A.Weshouldtakeastepbackfromconstantlyusingtechnology.

B.Theelectronicdevicesarecloselyconnectedwithourlife.

C.Societyshouldnolongerbebasedontechnology.

D.Weshouldsaygoodbyetoelectronicdevices.

選推理判斷題。分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，文章第一段引出問題：人們

Ao

過多地使用電子設(shè)備；在第二、三段作者談及了自己對現(xiàn)狀的看法;

第四段作者提出觀點weshouldn'tbeaddictedtosomanyofthese

devices,作者覺得我們不能如此依賴電子設(shè)備。

教師專用?【閱讀多維訓(xùn)練】句式分析

Whenthinkingaboutmymorningrushtocleanupthespilledjuiceon

thebus,IrealizedhowmuchunnecessarystressandworryIputmyself

through.

分析：本句是主從復(fù)合句。howmuch...through是how弓I導(dǎo)的賓語

從句，realized的賓語;Whenthinking...onthebus是when弓I導(dǎo)的時

間狀語從句的省略。

句意：在校車上當我想到早上急匆匆地上學(xué)時清理果汁的時候，我意

識到我給自己帶來了多少不必要的壓力和擔憂。

口.閱讀填句

Howtoimproveself-control

Self-controlhelpsusinfightingtemptations（誘惑）.Thetipslisted

belowwilltellyouhowyoucanimproveyourself-control.

BeaFighter

Thefirstthingyouneedtoknowisyouareafighterandthatyou

canfightabsolutelyanything.Thereisnothinginthisworldthatahuman

mindcannotdoifitdecidestodoso.1

KnowtheStrengthofWillpower

Yourwillpowerisyourbiggeststrength.2Therearemany

exercisesthatwillhelpyoustrengthenyourwillpower.Astrong

willpowerwillhelpyoustayawayfromwhatyouknowiswrongfor

you.

SayGoodbyetoPessimism

Ifyouareapessimistbynature,yourself-controlwillworkforyou

intheoppositedirection.Youwillfindyourselflosingthebattleeven

beforeyoufightit.Youneedtounderstandthatyoucantakeupany

challenge,howeverstrongitis.Pessimismislikeavirus.3

Find"Good"Company

Ifyouaretryingtogetridofanaddiction,findotherpeoplein

yourfriendswhowouldwanttodothesameorwhomightprovideyou

withthemuch-neededmotivation.4

Nowthatyouknowhowtoimproveself-control,youcanstart

applyingthesemindcontroltipsinyourdailylife.5Keepatitand

youmightjustnoticesomeamazingchangesinrespectofyourcontrol

overyourself.

A.Thekeyisnottogiveup.

B.Therefore,youneedtotrainitproperly.

C.Somepeoplejustcan'tstayawayfromthosewrongthings.

D.Thisway,indirectly,youwillbeimprovingyourself-control.

E.It'llkeepongrowinginsideyourmindunlessyouputastoptoit.

F.Youjustneedtobeagreatfighterwhenyoufightagainstcertain

issues.

G.Itisthesetemptationsthatchallengeourdeterminationtodo

something.

【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了提高自控能力的幾點建議。

1.選Fo根據(jù)空格前面說首先你需要知道的是你是一個斗士，你可以

與任何事情作斗爭，此處承接上文，講的還是關(guān)于斗士的話題，故選

Fo

2.選B。根據(jù)空格前面說你的意志力是你最大的力量，空后又說有很

多練習(xí)可以幫助你增強意志力，因此此處是說要通過訓(xùn)練來增強意

志力，故選Bo

3.選Eo根據(jù)空格前面說悲觀主義就像病毒，因此此處應(yīng)該會提到病

毒的特征，故選Eo

4.選D。根據(jù)空格前面說如果你想戒掉上癮的東西，在你的朋友中找

到其他也想這樣做或可能給你提供急需動力的人，此處總結(jié)上文，講

的是這樣做的好處，故選Do

5.選A。結(jié)合空格后面說堅持下去，你可能會注意到你的自控能力發(fā)

生了一些驚人的變化，因此此處強調(diào)堅持的意義，故選Ao

m.完形填空

（2021?西安高二檢測）

Lifeisfilledwithchallenges.Aswegetolderwe1realizethat

thosechallengesaretheverythingsthatshapeusandmakeuswhowe

are,itisthesamewiththechallengesthatcomewith2.

Whenwearefacedwithachallenge,weusuallyhavetwo3.

Wecantrytobeatitoff,orwecandecidethatthething4the

challengeisn'tworththetroubleandcallitquits.

Althoughtherearecertainly5whencallingitquitsistheright

thingtodo,inmostcasesallthatisneededis6and

communication.

Whenwearecommittedtosomething,itmeansthatnomatter

how7orhowuncomfortablesomethingis,wewillalwayschoose

to8itandworkthroughinsteadofrunningawayfromit.

Communicationismakinga9fordiscussionandtalkingabouthow

youfeelinsteadofjustsayingwhattheotherpersondidwrong._10

youcansaytoafriend,"\gotmyfeelingshurt."11"Youhurtmy

feelings,"youaregoingtobeabletosolvetheproblemmuchfaster.

Indealingwithmanychallengesthatfriendshipwillbringtoyou,

trytoseethemfor12theyare:smallhurdlesyouneedtojumpor

getthroughonyourwaythroughlife.Nothingissobigthatitis_13

togetover,andhurtonlyservestomakeusstronger.Itisallpartof

growingup,andit14toeveryone,andsomedayyouwill

15allofthisandsay,“Hardasitwas,itmademewhoIamtoday.

Andthat'sagoodthing."

【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文，告訴我們應(yīng)該如何面對成長過程中

友誼帶來的挑戰(zhàn)。

1.A.seemtoB.cometo

C.hopetoD.tryto

選句意：隨著年齡的增長，我們逐漸意識到，正是這些挑戰(zhàn)塑造了

Bo

我們，造就了我們，友誼帶來的挑戰(zhàn)也是一樣。seemto似乎;cometo

逐漸，終于做；hopeto希望；tryto努力做。根據(jù)空前的"Asweget

older”可知，隨著年齡的增長，我們逐漸意識到這些挑戰(zhàn)對我們的意

義，故B項正確。

2.A.confidenceB.pressure

C.friendshipD.difficulty

選自信；壓力；友誼;困難。

Coconfidencepressurefriendshipdifficulty

根據(jù)下文中的"Indealingwithmanychallengesthatfriendshipwillbring

toyou"可知此處指"友誼〃，故C項正確。

3.A.choicesB.expectations

C.opportunitiesD.aspects

選A。句意：當我們面對挑戰(zhàn)時，我們通常會做出兩個選擇：努力戰(zhàn)勝

它，或者認為帶來挑戰(zhàn)的事情不值得去麻煩一通而放棄戰(zhàn)勝它。

choices選擇；expectations期望；opportunities機會；aspects方面。根

據(jù)空后的內(nèi)容可知，我們可以努力戰(zhàn)勝它，或者認為帶來挑戰(zhàn)的事情

不值得去麻煩一通而放棄戰(zhàn)勝它，這是我們在面對挑戰(zhàn)時會做出的

兩個選擇，故A項正確。

4.A.demandingB.deserving

C.predictingD.presenting

選句意同上。要求；應(yīng)得；預(yù)言;

Dodemandingdeservingpredicting

presenting展現(xiàn)、提出。根據(jù)空后的"thechallenge"可知此處指"帶來

挑戰(zhàn)的事情"，故D項正確。

5.A.meansB.timesC.datesD.ages

選句意：盡管有時放棄戰(zhàn)勝挑戰(zhàn)是正確的做法，但在大多數(shù)情況

Bo

下，所需要的只是獻身和溝通。根據(jù)空后的"whencallingitquitsis

therightthingtodo"可知，有些時候放棄戰(zhàn)勝挑戰(zhàn)是正確的做法，故

B項正確。

6.A.assessmentB.commitment

C.encouragementD.adjustment

選評估；承擔責任，獻身；

Boassessmentcommitmentencouragement

鼓勵；adjustment調(diào)整。根據(jù)下文的“Whenwearecommittedto

something"可知此處指"承擔責任"，故B項正確。

7.A.doubtfulB.shameful

C.harmfulD.painful

選句意：當我們致力于某件事的時候，這意味著無論這件事有多

Do

痛苦或多不舒服，我們都會選擇去面對它并堅持到底，而不是逃避。

doubtful懷疑的;shameful可恥的;harmful有害的;painful痛苦的。根

據(jù)空后的“uncomfortable〃可知此處指"痛苦的〃，故D項正確。

8.A.keepB.controlC.faceD.catch

選根據(jù)空后的可知,

Co"workthroughinsteadofrunningawayfromit”

我們會堅持到底而不是逃避，這說明我們會選擇去面對它，故C項正

確。

9.A.chanceB.planC.topicD.space

選D。句意：溝通是為討論留出空間，讓你談?wù)撃愕母惺埽皇莾H僅

說別人做錯了什么。chance可能性，機會plan計戈I」;topic主題;space

空間。根據(jù)空后的內(nèi)容可知，溝通能夠讓你談?wù)撃愕母惺?，而不是僅

僅說別人做錯了什么，這說明溝通是為討論留出空間，故D項正確。

10.A.IfB.AsC.WhileD.Unless

選句意：如果你能對朋友說:“我的感情受到了傷害〃，而不是"你傷

Ao

害了我的感情"，你就能更快地解決問題。什如果;As因為;While雖然;

Unless除非。根據(jù)空后的內(nèi)容可知，此處會提到一種條件，表示〃如果”,

故A項正確。

11.A.otherthanB.ratherthan

C.orratherD.orelse

選除了;而不是;不如說；

Bootherthanratherthanorratherorelse

要不然。根據(jù)空前的"Igotmyfeelingshurt."及空后的"Youhurtmy

feelings,"可知，此處指對朋友說:"我的感情受到了傷害〃而不是"你傷

害了我的感情”，故B項正確。

12.A.whatB.whoC.whereD.which

選句意：在處理友誼給你帶來的許多挑戰(zhàn)時，努力看清它們的實

Ao

質(zhì)：它們是你人生道路上需要跳過或克服的小難題。for后為賓語從

句，從句中的are缺少表語，應(yīng)該用what來引導(dǎo)，故A項正確。

13.A.unnecessaryB.necessary

C.impossibleD.possible

選句意：沒有什么是不可能克服的，傷害只會讓我們更強大。

Co

unnecessary不必要的;necessary必要的;impossible不可能的;possible

可能的。根據(jù)空后的"getover〃可知，沒有什么是不可能克服的，故C

項正確。

14.A.opensB.appeals

C.goesD.happens

選句意：挑戰(zhàn)是成長過程中的一部分，每個人都會經(jīng)歷（它會發(fā)生

Do

在每一個人身上），將來某一天，當你回顧它的時候，你會說："雖然挑

戰(zhàn)很大，但它使我成為今天的我根據(jù)空前的"Itisallpartofgrowing

up"可知，挑戰(zhàn)是成長過程中的一部分，因此它會發(fā)生在每一個人身

上，故D項正確。

15.A.lookdownonB.lookbackon

C.lookforwardtoD.lookupto

選看不起；回顧；期待;

Bolookdownonlookbackonlookforwardto

lookupto尊敬。根據(jù)空后的"itmademewhoIamtoday.Andthat'sa

goodthing."可知，這是回顧過去時的感慨，故B項正確。

闔【補償訓(xùn)練】

語法填空

(202L衡水高二檢測)

Ataveryyoungage,OindrilaBasuhadnoideaof1.to

livewithnature.Shewouldclimbtreesordestroythenestsofbirdsjust

forfun,likeotherkids.Oncehermothercaughtherandgotangry,

andthenthegirlrealizedshehaddonesomething2.(terrible)

wrong.

ThisisjustawaythatBasu'sparentsshapedherunderstandingand

appreciationofnature.Livingin3.countryside,shespent

heryouthstudyingantsbeforetherain,watchingsunbirdsdrinkhoney,

countingfirefliesand4.(watch)youngplantsgrow.Thenher

parentsdecidedtomovetoanearbycityforbettereducationalchances,

andthenshestoppedhavingfirst-handexperienceswithnature.

Later,asshestruggled5.(choose)acollegemajor,her

mothersuggestedacareerinforestry(林業(yè)).That/swhenherjourney

began,andshefellinlovewithforestry.Awayfromthecrowdedcities,

shegraduatedinforestryfromKumaunUniversity,India.Whenshe

wentontostudyamaster/sdegreeinforestryfromtheForestResearch

Institute,India,shefinallygotintroducedtoalike-mindedgroupof

people,6.(devote)totheInternationalForestryStudents/

Association(IFSA).

IFSAisa7.(globe)organizationconnectingstudentsto

exchangeknowledgeandparticipateinforestryactivities.Theyouth

joiningIFSAare8.(encourage)toundertakeitstask—toenrich

foresteducationandspreadaloveofnaturethr