必修一 Unit 4 Natural Disasters 語法知識+讀后續(xù)寫-筑基講義 -2025年新高考英語一輪總復習筑基培優(yōu)方案（人教版2019）含解析

必修一Unit4NaturalDisasters語法知識+讀后續(xù)寫-筑基講義-2025年新高考英語一輪總復習筑基培優(yōu)方案（人教版2019）Part1單元語法講義--關(guān)系代詞引導的限制性定語從句Part2讀后續(xù)寫素材積累-六招高分開頭技巧Part3單元語法+讀后續(xù)寫即時檢測必修1Unit4NaturalDisastersPart1單元語法講義--關(guān)系代詞引導的限制性定語從句1.that可指人或物；在定語從句中作主語，賓語，表語。指人時，相當于who或whom；指物時，相當于which。不能引導非限制性定語從句；不可置于介詞后作賓語。2.which指物；在定語從句中作主語，賓語。如：Thebookwhich/thatwasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.（主語）3.who,whom,whose（1）who:主格,在從句中作主語，只可指人（2）whom:賓格，在從句中只能作賓語;只可指人（3）whose:表所屬關(guān)系，在從句中作定語。譯為：某人的，某物的（4）whose+名詞=the+n.+ofwhich(某物的)=he+n.+ofwhom(某人的)注意：①關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語(在定語從句中，介詞提前時，介詞后：表人用whom；表物用which)②關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中用作介詞賓語時,介詞可放于從句之首,也可放于從句之末.但以放于句首較為正式.（介詞前置，必須注意不影響動詞詞組的含義。關(guān)系代詞who和that用作介詞賓語時,介詞必須放在句末。）Thereare30studentsinthisclass,whoarefromthenorthofChina.這個班里有30名學生，他們來自中國北方。Doyouknowtheboywhosehandwritingisverybeautiful?你認識那個書法非常漂亮的男孩嗎？I'dlikearoomwhosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.→I'dlikearoom,thewindowofwhichlooksoutoverthesea.→I'dlikearoom,ofwhichthewindowlooksoutoverthesea.我想要一個窗戶朝向大海的房間。Asa：as作為關(guān)系代詞，常常用于固定句型中。thesame...as,as,such....as,so....asTheycouldonlyreadsuchstoriesashadbeenrewritteninsimpleEnglish.(as作主語)他們只能讀類似這樣的一些用簡易英語改寫的故事。Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowpriceaspeopleexpected.(as作賓語)這些房子以人們期望的低價出售。ThisisthesameknifeasIlost.(as作賓語)這把小刀和我丟的那把很相似。b：such...as...與such...that...的區(qū)別such...as...中的as引導的是定語從句，而such...that...中的that引導的是結(jié)果狀語從句。當as引導定語從句時，as在從句中一般作主語或賓語，而that引導結(jié)果狀語從句時，that在從句中不作任何成分。Thisissuchadifficultproblemasmostofuscan'tworkout.這是一個我們大多數(shù)人都不能解決的難題。(從句中的workout缺少賓語，前面的as是關(guān)系代詞，用作workout的賓語。)Sheissuchakindgirlthatmanystudentslikeher.她是個善良的女孩所以很多學生喜歡她。(狀語從句是完整的句子，前面的that只起引導從句的作用，在從句中不作成分。)Part2讀后續(xù)寫素材積累--六招高分開頭技巧第一招：副詞開頭Carefully,

hesteppedoverallthebrokenglass.他小心翼翼地踩過了所有的碎玻璃。Joyfully

，heskippedupthestreet.他很高興地跳過了街道。

Immediately,anabsolutedarknessruledtheforest.

立刻，一片黑暗籠罩著森林。第二招：形容詞短語開頭Curioustoknowwhatwasinside,

hetiptoedintothedarkcave.他好奇地想知道里面是什么，踮著腳尖走進了黑暗的洞穴。Unabletosayaword,

hewasrootedtothespot.一句話也說不出來，他就楞在了原地。Suddenlyalittlerabbitjumpedoutinfrontofmyhorse.

突然，一只小兔子跳到了我的馬前。

AfraidthatImighthurtthelovelysmallcreature,

Iautomaticallyletoutacrytostopmyhorse.

我害怕我會傷害這個可愛的小生物，我自動發(fā)出一聲喊叫來阻止我的馬。文章給的提示句是：Wehadnoideawherewewereanditgotdark.我們不知道自己在哪里，天變黑了。

Exhaustedandhungry,

Iwonderedifwecouldfindourwayback.

我又累又餓，想知道我們能不能找到回去的路。第三招：

非謂語開頭Looking

aroundhimcautiously,heslippedintotheroomandsoftlyclosedthedoor.他小心翼翼地環(huán)顧四周，溜進了房間，輕輕地關(guān)上門。

Feelingdisappointed,

Jane

hadtostayaloneforanothernight.

簡感到失望，不得不再呆一夜。Feelingrefreshed,

shecontinuedtowalkalongthe

stream

tofindthewayout.她感到神清氣爽，繼續(xù)沿著小溪散步，尋找出去的路。第四招：對話或獨白開頭：“Let’sseewhogetstherefirst!”

Rachelshouted,asshepedaledfastandzoomedpastJenny.“讓我們看看誰先到那里去！”瑞秋一邊叫著，一邊飛快地蹬著車從珍妮身邊沖過去。"Getintothe

car."

PaulshoutedatMac.

“上車！”

保羅對麥克喊道。第五招：背景描寫Wedrovethroughseveralstatesandsawlotsofgreatsightsalongtheway（我們開車穿過了幾個州，沿途看到了很多好風景。）Ilookedoutofthecarwindow,windingrivers,loftymountains,sunnybeachesanddeepvalleys,

holdingmeentirelyintheirfascination.

我望著車窗外，蜿蜒的河流，高聳的山脈，陽光明媚的海灘和深邃的山谷，完全吸引了我的注意力。第六招：行為描寫Furry

startedwagginghistailandrunningaroundincircles

whenhesawhismastertakingaleashoutfromthedrawer.Furrywasallreadyforhiseveningwalk.當他看到他的主人從抽屜里拿出一條皮帶時，F(xiàn)urry開始搖，繞著圈跑。Furry準備好了晚上的散步。

Dad

exchangedaglancewithme.Whynotcamptosatisfy

Mom?

爸爸和我相互看了一眼。

為什么不露營來滿足媽媽？Part3單元語法+讀后續(xù)寫即時檢測定語從句1.（2024浙江1月卷）Ofcourse,shopsarenotcharities

—theypricegoodsintheway_________willmakethemthemostmoney.2.（2023全國乙卷）Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplacewelcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitecturalwondersstandingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.3.（2021新高考II卷）IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompany___________usedalotofplastic,I'dsenditanemailurgingittocutback._________4.（2021北京卷）Whenyousleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverything___________happenedduringtheday,tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.5.（2021浙江1月卷）BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool___________givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.6.（2022新高考I卷）TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies___________livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.7.（2020新高考卷）The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,formedthecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum__________openedin1759.8.（2019全國II卷）NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,___________sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.9.（2023全國甲卷）Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,_________RachelCarsonsaysin“AFableforTomorrow”.10.（2022浙江1月卷）KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics___________arecuttingbackontheirairtravel11.（2022全國甲卷）Onthe1,100.Kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,___________losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovince.12.（2023全國乙卷）Thecolorshechosecameinaboxwhichhadapictureofawoman________haircolorlookedjustperfect.13.（2020全國III卷）InancientChinalivedanartist,__________paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartist’sreputationhadmadehimproud.14.（2020天津卷）Dr.Rowan,__________secretaryresignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisowntyping.15.（2023全國甲卷）“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,_________alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithissurroundings,”herfablebegins,borrowingsomefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.16．(2022天津3月卷)Kennystillrememberstheclassdiscussion________theteacheraskedstudentstosharewhattheywantedtobewhentheygrewup.A．why B．which C．that D．where17.（2021天津卷）AttheChineseartfestival,therearedifferentstands_________artistsdemonstratetheirskillsandteachthevisitors.18.（2020全國I卷）Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot__________itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.19.（2020江蘇卷）Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you’llfindprobablyasolutionthat___________everyone.20.（2021天津卷）WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsusofpastmistakesfrom__________wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem._________21.（2020江蘇卷）Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from___________studentscanchooseforfree.二、讀后續(xù)寫（2024·山西·模擬預測）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Asaneducator,IhavediscoveredthatthelifelessonsthatstudentsbringwiththemtoschoolaretheonesthatItrulyneedtolearn.Onestorythatdescribesthisawesomeresponsibilitystartswithasecondyearcollegestudent.Everyday,hewouldcomeintomymathclass,sitintheverybackandavoideyecontact.WhenIwouldasktheclassquestions,Icouldhearadeepvoicecomingfromhisdirectionsayingthecorrectanswereverysingletime.Iimmediatelybegantoinvestigateandfoundthathehadhighstandardizedtestscoresbuthisreportcardinschooldidnotmatchhisperformances.Iknewsomethinghadtochange.Throughourschoolmentoring(輔導制)program,Iaskedhimifhewouldliketobeapartofasupportteamthatwasspecificallydesignedtohelphimgraduateontimewithhisclassmates.Thisprogramrequiredmetovisitallofhisclassroomteachers,helphimcompleteeveryassignment,providehimwithmaterialstofinishprojects,andconstantlyremindhimthatsuccesscouldbeachievedifhestayedonthispath.Inhissenior,hewasabletomaketheHonorRoll(光榮榜).Thisstudenthadbeenlivingwithhisgreat-grandfatherinsteadoflivingwithhismotherandsixsiblings(姊妹).Theconceptoffamilyhadnotbeendemonstratedinhislife.However,atschool,thisprogramprovidedhimwithateamthatfocusedonhisacademicneedsaswellascelebratedhissuccesses.Theideaoffamily,wherehewascaredforandwasseenasimportant,wasabletobecomeareality.Unfortunately,duringhissenioryear,hisgreat-grandfatherpassedaway,whichterriblyinfluencedhisnewlypositiveviewoflife.Butbecauseofthebondthatwasestablishedoverthepasttwoyearsthroughtheprogram,Iwasabletokeephimfocusedonwhathecouldcontroltoachievehisgoal.Heshoweddeterminationandperseverance,andhebecameaseniorwithhisoriginalclassandhadtheopportunitytograduatewithhisfriends.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Sadly,whengraduationdayapproached,herefusedtoattendtheceremony._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Icanstillrememberhissmilefaceashewalkedacrossthatstagetoreceivehisdiploma._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part1單元語法講義--關(guān)系代詞引導的限制性定語從句Part2讀后續(xù)寫素材積累-六招高分開頭技巧Part3單元語法+讀后續(xù)寫即時檢測必修1Unit4NaturalDisastersPart1單元語法講義--關(guān)系代詞引導的限制性定語從句1.that可指人或物；在定語從句中作主語，賓語，表語。指人時，相當于who或whom；指物時，相當于which。不能引導非限制性定語從句；不可置于介詞后作賓語。2.which指物；在定語從句中作主語，賓語。如：Thebookwhich/thatwasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.（主語）3.who,whom,whose（1）who:主格,在從句中作主語，只可指人（2）whom:賓格，在從句中只能作賓語;只可指人（3）whose:表所屬關(guān)系，在從句中作定語。譯為：某人的，某物的（4）whose+名詞=the+n.+ofwhich(某物的)=he+n.+ofwhom(某人的)注意：①關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語(在定語從句中，介詞提前時，介詞后：表人用whom；表物用which)②關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中用作介詞賓語時,介詞可放于從句之首,也可放于從句之末.但以放于句首較為正式.（介詞前置，必須注意不影響動詞詞組的含義。關(guān)系代詞who和that用作介詞賓語時,介詞必須放在句末。）Thereare30studentsinthisclass,whoarefromthenorthofChina.這個班里有30名學生，他們來自中國北方。Doyouknowtheboywhosehandwritingisverybeautiful?你認識那個書法非常漂亮的男孩嗎？I'dlikearoomwhosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.→I'dlikearoom,thewindowofwhichlooksoutoverthesea.→I'dlikearoom,ofwhichthewindowlooksoutoverthesea.我想要一個窗戶朝向大海的房間。Asa：as作為關(guān)系代詞，常常用于固定句型中。thesame...as,as,such....as,so....asTheycouldonlyreadsuchstoriesashadbeenrewritteninsimpleEnglish.(as作主語)他們只能讀類似這樣的一些用簡易英語改寫的故事。Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowpriceaspeopleexpected.(as作賓語)這些房子以人們期望的低價出售。ThisisthesameknifeasIlost.(as作賓語)這把小刀和我丟的那把很相似。b：such...as...與such...that...的區(qū)別such...as...中的as引導的是定語從句，而such...that...中的that引導的是結(jié)果狀語從句。當as引導定語從句時，as在從句中一般作主語或賓語，而that引導結(jié)果狀語從句時，that在從句中不作任何成分。Thisissuchadifficultproblemasmostofuscan'tworkout.這是一個我們大多數(shù)人都不能解決的難題。(從句中的workout缺少賓語，前面的as是關(guān)系代詞，用作workout的賓語。)Sheissuchakindgirlthatmanystudentslikeher.她是個善良的女孩所以很多學生喜歡她。(狀語從句是完整的句子，前面的that只起引導從句的作用，在從句中不作成分。)Part2讀后續(xù)寫素材積累--六招高分開頭技巧第一招：副詞開頭Carefully,

hesteppedoverallthebrokenglass.他小心翼翼地踩過了所有的碎玻璃。Joyfully

，heskippedupthestreet.他很高興地跳過了街道。

Immediately,anabsolutedarknessruledtheforest.

立刻，一片黑暗籠罩著森林。第二招：形容詞短語開頭Curioustoknowwhatwasinside,

hetiptoedintothedarkcave.他好奇地想知道里面是什么，踮著腳尖走進了黑暗的洞穴。Unabletosayaword,

hewasrootedtothespot.一句話也說不出來，他就楞在了原地。Suddenlyalittlerabbitjumpedoutinfrontofmyhorse.

突然，一只小兔子跳到了我的馬前。

AfraidthatImighthurtthelovelysmallcreature,

Iautomaticallyletoutacrytostopmyhorse.

我害怕我會傷害這個可愛的小生物，我自動發(fā)出一聲喊叫來阻止我的馬。文章給的提示句是：Wehadnoideawherewewereanditgotdark.我們不知道自己在哪里，天變黑了。

Exhaustedandhungry,

Iwonderedifwecouldfindourwayback.

我又累又餓，想知道我們能不能找到回去的路。第三招：

非謂語開頭Looking

aroundhimcautiously,heslippedintotheroomandsoftlyclosedthedoor.他小心翼翼地環(huán)顧四周，溜進了房間，輕輕地關(guān)上門。

Feelingdisappointed,

Jane

hadtostayaloneforanothernight.

簡感到失望，不得不再呆一夜。Feelingrefreshed,

shecontinuedtowalkalongthe

stream

tofindthewayout.她感到神清氣爽，繼續(xù)沿著小溪散步，尋找出去的路。第四招：對話或獨白開頭：“Let’sseewhogetstherefirst!”

Rachelshouted,asshepedaledfastandzoomedpastJenny.“讓我們看看誰先到那里去！”瑞秋一邊叫著，一邊飛快地蹬著車從珍妮身邊沖過去。"Getintothe

car."

PaulshoutedatMac.

“上車！”

保羅對麥克喊道。第五招：背景描寫Wedrovethroughseveralstatesandsawlotsofgreatsightsalongtheway（我們開車穿過了幾個州，沿途看到了很多好風景。）Ilookedoutofthecarwindow,windingrivers,loftymountains,sunnybeachesanddeepvalleys,

holdingmeentirelyintheirfascination.

我望著車窗外，蜿蜒的河流，高聳的山脈，陽光明媚的海灘和深邃的山谷，完全吸引了我的注意力。第六招：行為描寫Furry

startedwagginghistailandrunningaroundincircles

whenhesawhismastertakingaleashoutfromthedrawer.Furrywasallreadyforhiseveningwalk.當他看到他的主人從抽屜里拿出一條皮帶時，F(xiàn)urry開始搖，繞著圈跑。Furry準備好了晚上的散步。

Dad

exchangedaglancewithme.Whynotcamptosatisfy

Mom?

爸爸和我相互看了一眼。

為什么不露營來滿足媽媽？Part3單元語法+讀后續(xù)寫即時檢測定語從句1.（2024浙江1月卷）Ofcourse,shopsarenotcharities

—theypricegoodsintheway_________willmakethemthemostmoney.【答案】that/which?！窘馕觥靠疾槎ㄕZ從句。句意：當然，商店不是慈善機構(gòu)——他們以最賺錢的方式給商品定價。在定語從句中缺少主語，且先行詞為way，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that或which。故填that/which。2.（2023全國乙卷）Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplacewelcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitecturalwondersstandingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.【答案】which/that【解析】考查定語從句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一個歡迎現(xiàn)代生活快節(jié)奏發(fā)展的地方，21世紀的建筑奇跡與過去的歷史建筑并存。這里為定語從句的關(guān)系代詞，先行詞為“aplace”，在定語從句中擔當主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞which或that引導。故填which/that。3.（2021新高考II卷）IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompany___________usedalotofplastic,I'dsenditanemailurgingittocutback.【答案】which或that【解析】考查定語從句。句意：我決定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就給它發(fā)郵件，敦促它減少使用塑料。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，_________usedalotofplastic是一個定語從句，修飾先行詞acompany，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，指物，用which或that引導該從句，所以填which或that。4.（2021北京卷）Whenyousleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverything___________happenedduringtheday,tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.【答案】that【解析】考查定語從句。句意：當你睡覺時，你的大腦會整理白天發(fā)生的一切，試圖將新經(jīng)歷與舊記憶聯(lián)系起來。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處需用連接詞引導定語從句，先行詞是不定代詞everything，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語，所以此處需用關(guān)系代詞that引導定語從句。故填that。5.（2021浙江1月卷）BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool___________givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.【答案】that/which【解析】考查定語從句。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導定語從句，并在定語從句中作主語，而先行詞tool為物，故此處要填關(guān)系代詞that或which。6.（2022新高考I卷）TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies___________livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.【答案】that【解析】考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：該計劃旨在為生活在GiantPandaRange的所有物種提供更有力的保護，并顯著改善該地區(qū)的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康。設(shè)空處為關(guān)系詞引導限制性定語從句，先行詞等于關(guān)系詞，設(shè)空處在從句中作指物的主語，先行詞為species，且先行詞前為all修飾，只能用關(guān)系代詞that。故填that。7.（2020新高考卷）The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,formedthecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum__________openedin1759.【答案】which/that【解析】考查定語從句。句意:例如，漢斯?斯隆爵士的8萬件藏品構(gòu)成了1759年開館的大英博物館的核心藏品。此處是限定性定語從句，先行詞是theBritishMuseum，關(guān)系詞在從句中做主語，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞which/that引導。故填which/that。8.（2019全國II卷）NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,___________sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.【答案】which【解析】考查非限制性定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，先行詞為thepetshop，在非限制性定語從句中作opened一詞的賓語，故用which。9.（2023全國甲卷）Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,_________RachelCarsonsaysin“AFableforTomorrow”.【答案】as?！窘馕觥靠疾槎ㄕZ從句。句意：然而，正如雷切爾·卡森在《明日寓言》中所說，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有價值。引導非限定性定語從句，且有“正如”之意，用關(guān)系代詞as引導。故填as。10.（2022浙江1月卷）KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics___________arecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.【答案】that/who【解析】考查定語從句。句意：亞特蘭大佐治亞科技研究院的教授KimCobb是一個少數(shù)但是不斷增加的少數(shù)學者中的一員，因為氣候變化，他們正在削減他們的飛機旅行。名詞academics后為定語從句且在從句中作主語，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞替代，故填that/who。11.（2022全國甲卷）Onthe1,100.Kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,___________losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovince.【答案】who【解析】考查定語從句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8歲時因一次車禍失明的男子曹盛康穿過了三個省的40個城市和縣。分析句子結(jié)合句意可知，此處是非限定性定語從句，先行詞為CaoShengkang，指人，在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who引導。故填who。12.（2023全國乙卷）Thecolorshechosecameinaboxwhichhadapictureofawoman________haircolorlookedjustperfect.【答案】whose?！窘馕觥靠疾槎ㄕZ從句。句意：她選的顏色裝在一個盒子里，盒子里有一張女人的照片，她的頭發(fā)顏色看起來非常完美。此處是限定性定語從句，先行詞是woman，關(guān)系詞在從句中作hair的定語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose引導。故填whose。13.（2020全國III卷）InancientChinalivedanartist,__________paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartist’sreputationhadmadehimproud.【答案】whose【解析】考查定語從句。句意：中國古代有一位畫家，他的畫幾乎栩栩如生。此處為定語從句修飾先行詞artist，且先行詞在從句中作定語，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose。故填whose。14.（2020天津卷）Dr.Rowan,__________secretaryresignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisowntyping.【答案】whose【解析】考查定語從句。句意:羅文博士的秘書兩周前辭職了，他現(xiàn)在只能自己打字。______secretaryresignedtwoweeksago是非限制性定語從句，修飾Dr.Rowan，引導詞在從句中作定語，表示“Dr.Rowan’s”，表示“……的”，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose引導該從句，故填whose。15.（2023全國甲卷）“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,_________alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithissurroundings,”herfablebegins,borrowingsomefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.【答案】where?！窘馕觥靠疾槎ㄕZ從句。句意：“從前，在美國的中心地帶有一個小鎮(zhèn)，那里所有的生命似乎都和周圍的環(huán)境一起享受著和平的生活，”她的寓言是這樣開頭的，借用了許多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的詞。句中先行詞為town，在非限定性定語從句作地點狀語，所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導。故填where。16．(2022天津3月卷)Kennystillrememberstheclassdiscussion________theteacheraskedstudentstosharewhattheywantedtobewhentheygrewup.A．why B．which C．that D．where【答案】D【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：Kenny仍然記得課堂上的討論，老師要求學生們分享他們長大后想成為什么樣的人。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導定語從句，修飾先行詞theclassdiscussion。先行詞在定語從句中作地點狀語，意為“在課堂討論中”，是“模糊地點”，所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導定語從句。故選D。17.（2021天津卷）AttheChineseartfestival,therearedifferentstands_________artistsdemonstratetheirskillsandteachthevisitors.【答案】where【解析】考查定語從句。句意：在中國藝術(shù)節(jié)上有不同的展臺，在那里藝術(shù)家可以展示他們的技巧并教給參觀者。分析句子成分可知，stands作先行詞，空格后的句子為定語從句來修飾stands，從句中不缺主賓表，故選關(guān)系副詞，先行詞stands在從句中作地點狀語，所以應(yīng)用where。18.（2020全國I卷）Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot__________itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.【答案】where【解析】句意：中國首先必須把一顆人造衛(wèi)星送入月球軌道上的一個點，人造衛(wèi)星可以在這個點向航天器和地球發(fā)射信號。分析句子可知，空處引導一個定語從句，先行詞是aspot，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中作地點狀語，應(yīng)用where引導。故填where。19.（2020江蘇卷）Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you’llfindprobablyasolutionthat___________everyone.【答案】suits【解析】考查定語從句動詞時態(tài)。句意：如果你從各個方面看問題，你可能會找到一個適合每個人解決方案。句子描述的客觀事實，應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時；此處是定語從句謂語動詞，先行詞是asolution，從句謂語動詞應(yīng)使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。20.（2021天津卷）WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsusofpastmistakesfrom__________wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem.【答案】which【解析】考查定語從句。句意：威廉?哈斯蒂曾經(jīng)說過，歷史會告訴我們過去的錯誤，我們可以從中學習避免重復犯錯。分析句子可知，pastmistakes為現(xiàn)行詞，_________wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem.為定語從句，從句中謂語動詞canlearn可知，要從過去的錯誤中學習，learnfrom“從……中學習”，可知應(yīng)用fromwhich引導定語從句。21.（2020江蘇卷）Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from___________studentscanchooseforfree.【答案】hich【解析】考查定語從句。句意：許多課程現(xiàn)在都可以在網(wǎng)上找到，學生們可以從中免費選擇。此處是非限定性定語從句，先行詞是manylessons，關(guān)系詞在從句中做介詞from的賓語，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞which引導。二、讀后續(xù)寫（2024·山西·模擬預測）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Asaneducator,IhavediscoveredthatthelifelessonsthatstudentsbringwiththemtoschoolaretheonesthatItrulyneedtolearn.Onestorythatdescribesthisawesomeresponsibilitystartswithasecondyearcollegestudent.Everyday,hewouldcomeintomymathclass,sitintheverybackandavoideyecontact.WhenIwouldasktheclassquestions,Icouldhearadeepvoicecomingfromhisdirectionsayingthecorrectanswereverysingletime.Iimmediatelybegantoinvestigateandfoundthathehadhighstandardizedtestscoresbuthisreportcardinschooldidnotmatchhisperformances.Iknewsomethinghadtochange.Throughourschoolmentoring(輔導制)program,Iaskedhimifhewouldliketobeapartofasupportteamthatwasspecificallydesignedtohelphimgraduateontimewithhisclassmates.Thisprogramrequiredmetovisitallofhisclassroomteachers,helphimcompleteeveryassignment,providehimwithmaterialstofinishprojects,andconstantlyremindhimthatsuccesscouldbeachievedifhestayedonthispath.Inhissenior,hewasabletomaketheHonorRoll(光榮榜).Thisstudenthadbeenlivingwithhisgreat-grandfatherinsteadoflivingwithhismotherandsixsiblings(姊妹).Theconceptoffamilyhadnotbeendemonstratedinhislife.However,atschool,thisprogramprovidedhimwithateamthatfocusedonhisacademicneedsaswellascelebratedhissuccesses.Theideaoffamily,wherehewascaredforandwasseenasimportant,wasabletobecomeareality.Unfortunately,duringhissenioryear,hisgreat-grandfatherpassedaway,whichterriblyinfluencedhisnewlypositiveviewoflife.Butbecauseofthebondthatwasestablishedoverthepasttwoyearsthroughtheprogram,Iwasabletokeephimfocusedonwhathecouldcontroltoachievehisgoal.Heshoweddeterminationandperseverance,andhebecameaseniorwithhisoriginalclassandhadtheopportunitytograduatewithhisfriends.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Sadly,whengraduationdayapproached,herefusedtoattendtheceremony.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________