新教材適用2025版高考英語二輪總復習第2部分閱讀能力突破篇專題1閱讀理解專題模擬訓練議論文類

爭論文類A(2024·四川省南充市高三三模)InNovember,2024,artificialintelligence(AI)researchanddevelopmentcompanyOpenAIreleasedachatbotservicecalledChatGPT．Ithastheabilitytocompletealmostanytaskitisasked,fromdebuggingcodetowritingpoetry．“HavingspokenwithpeoplebothattheUMNandatotheruniversities,mygeneralimpressionisthat,whiletherearecertainlysomeanxietiesaboutacademicintegrity(誠懇),thereisalsoasenseofopportunityinthat;thistechnology—ifusedappropriately—couldenhanceeducation，”saidLeopold,aprofessorattheUMN．WithChatGPT'slong-termimpactsahead,determiningitsuseinacademicsisstillgrayarea．Whilestudentscanuseittocheatonassignmentsandexams,thereareavarietyofwaysstudentsuseChatGPT,includingresearching,brainstorming,codingandpreparingforjobinterviews．Someinstructorsarecrackingdown(嚴厲打擊)onstudentswhentheysuspecttheuseofachatbot,butWeixel,ateacherofInstituteofCurriculum,saidshewantstotakeadifferentapproach．WeixelsaidsheisawaresomestudentswilluseChatGPTtocheatonassignments,butsheknowsAIuseisgainingpowerandwouldliketointegrateitsidea-generatingabilitiesintosomeclassassignments．JimHall,aninstructorofWritingStudies,saidherecognizesthedilemmateachersarefacingwithChatGPT．Hesaidheacceptsstudents'useofchatbotstoassistinbrainstorming,butsimplycopyingandpassingcontentwrittenbytheserviceisplagiarism(抄襲)．“It'scausingalotofheartburnforinstructors，”Hallsaid．“Thetechnologyhaschanged,buttheethicshavenot．”Inarecentstudy,UMN'sprofessorsrananexperimentinwhichtheycomparedtheperformanceofChatGPTinclassworktootherstudents．ThebotreceivedaC-minus．TherearestillmanyunknownimplicationsandusesofChatGPT,butlearningmoreaboutAIcanbenefitstudentsastheypreparetogetintoaworkforce,wheretheymayusetheseservices,accordingtoLeopold．1．WhatwasLeopold'sattitudetowardsChatGPT？A．Concernedbutskeptical．B．Supportivebutpuzzled．C．Acceptablebutconcerned．D．Favorablebutdisappointed．2．WhatwasWeixel'sdifferentapproachtousingChatGPT？A．ToincorporateChatGPTintoclasswork．B．TouseChatGPTasabrainstormingtool．C．TocombineChatGPTwithchatsoftware．D．ToapplyChatGPT'sproductivepowertoexam．3．WhatcanweinferfromtheresultoftheexperimentconductedbyUMN'sprofessors？A．ChatGPTisnomatchforotherstudents．B．ChatGPThasmanyimplicationsanduses．C．ChatGPT'sperformancemaybeoverestimated．D．ChatGPT'sperformancelivesuptoexpectations．4．Whatwillmostprobablybetalkedaboutnext？A．TheimplicationsofChatGPTinotherareas．B．SomemorepracticalservicesofChatGPT．C．AfurtherstudyontransformingthefunctionofChatGPTeffectively．D．ExamplesofhowChatGPTequipsstudentswithknowledgeofjobs．【語篇解讀】本文為一篇爭論文。文章就ChatGPT在學術界的利弊進行了探討，各位教授就ChatGPT對學生的影響提出了不同的觀點。1．C觀點看法題。依據其次段“‘HavingspokenwithpeoplebothattheUMNandatotheruniversities,mygeneralimpressionisthat,whiletherearecertainlysomeanxietiesaboutacademicintegrity(誠懇),thereisalsoasenseofopportunityinthat;thistechnology—ifusedappropriately—couldenhanceeducation，’saidLeopold,aprofessorattheUMN．(‘在與UMN和其他高校的人交談后，我的總體印象是，雖然對學術誠信確定存在一些擔憂，但也有一種機會的感覺；假如運用得當，這項技術可以提高教化水平，’UMN教授利奧波德說。)”可知，Leopold認為運用ChatGPT得當，可以提高教化水平，但是同時也表達了因ChatGPT帶來的對學術誠信的擔憂。故選C。2．A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第四段“WeixelsaidsheisawaresomestudentswilluseChatGPTtocheatonassignments,butsheknowsAIuseisgainingpowerandwouldliketointegrateitsidea-generatingabilitiesintosomeclassassignments．(Weixel說她知道一些學生會運用ChatGPT在作業(yè)中作弊，但她知道人工智能的運用正在變得越來越強大，并希望將其創(chuàng)意生成實力整合到一些課堂作業(yè)中。)”可知，Weixel希望將ChatGPT整合到課堂作業(yè)中。故選A。3．C推理推斷題。依據最終一段“Inarecentstudy,UMN'sprofessorsrananexperimentinwhichtheycomparedtheperformanceofChatGPTinclassworktootherstudents．ThebotreceivedaC-minus．(在最近的一項探討中，UMN的教授們進行了一項試驗，他們將ChatGPT在課堂上的表現(xiàn)與其他學生進行了比較。這個機器人得到了一個C-的分數(shù)。)”，機器人考了低分，說明ChatGPT的性能可能被高估了。故選C。4．D推理推斷題。依據最終一段“TherearestillmanyunknownimplicationsandusesofChatGPT,butlearningmoreaboutAIcanbenefitstudentsastheypreparetogetintoaworkforce,wheretheymayusetheseservices,accordingtoLeopold．(依據利奧波德的說法，ChatGPT仍舊有很多未知的含義和用途，但更多地了解人工智能可以使學生們在打算進入勞動力市場時受益，他們可能會運用這些服務。)”可知，ChatGPT還可以有很多用途，學習運用ChatGPT有助于學生在打算進入勞動力市場時受益，因此下一段可能會舉例說明ChatGPT如何使學生具備工作學問。故選D。B(2024·遼寧省鞍山市一般中學高三二模)Wehavelongbeenattractedbyquicksolutionsthatcouldincreaseourintelligence．Today,people'shopeslieinbraintrainingapps,someofwhichclaimtoresultin“smarterminds”．Butisthisquicksolutionallitissaidtobe?Thereareplentyofbraintrainingapps,buttheyallsharethesamecharacteristics:theyturnmentalexerciseslikesimplearithmetic(算術),memorytestsandlogicandpattern-matchingproblemsintoquickgames．Someappstellusthatthemoreyouplaythesemini-games,thesmarteryouwillget．Itisreallyabigpromise．Manyoftheappssaytheyarebasedon“science”，aclaimIfoundsurprisingasaformerneuroscientist(神經系統(tǒng)科學家)．Theconceptthatincreasingintelligencewouldbeassimpleaspracticingafewmini-gameseverydayfliesinthefaceofwhatwehavediscoveredabouthowhumansthinkandlearn．Aftersurveyingthousandsofusersacrossawidevarietyofapps,researchersatWesternUniversityinCanadadiscoveredthatbraintraininghadnogreateffectoncognitive(認知的)functioningintherealworld．Thepositiveeffectsthathavebeenfoundarelimitedtotheveryspecificmini-gamesandtasksthatusersaretrainedon,suchastheabilitytomemorizelistsofwordsornumbers,orperformmentalarithmetic,withlittlebenefittootherskills．Ifyouareexpectingthemtoimproveyourabilitytowriteanovelormakeacomplexcomputerprogram,Iamafraidyouwillwanttolookelsewhere．Puzzlevideogamessuchas“BabaIsYou”and“ReturnoftheObraDinn”，seeplayersapplytheirskillatlogic,memoryandconcentrationinafarmorecomplexwaythananybraintrainingmini-game．5．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutbraintrainingapps？A．Theyhavescientificsupport．B．Theyworkintheformofgames．C．Theyrequireproblem-solvingskills．D．Theyarebasedoncomplexarithmetic．6．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“fliesinthefaceof”inParagraph3mean？A．Goesintodetailsof．B．Takesadvantageof．C．Goesagainst．D．Comesfrom．7．Whichbestdescribestheeffectsthatbraintrainingappshaveonmemory？A．Limited． B．Indirect．C．Damaging． D．Far-reaching．8．Whatistheauthor'sattitudeto“BabaIsYou”？A．Doubtful． B．Intolerant．C．Uninterested． D．Favorable．【語篇解讀】本文是一篇爭論文。文章探討了大腦訓練應用程序在提高認知實力和智力方面的有效性，說明白雖然這些應用程序可以提高一些特定技能，但對其他技能的好處有限，并且它們的整體有效性是值得懷疑的。解謎視頻嬉戲可能供應了一種更困難和有效的訓練認知實力的方式。5．B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據其次段“Thereareplentyofbraintrainingapps,buttheyallsharethesamecharacteristics:theyturnmentalexerciseslikesimplearithmetic(算術),memorytestsandlogicandpattern-matchingproblemsintoquickgames．(有很多大腦訓練應用程序，但它們都有相同的特點：它們將簡潔的算術、記憶測試、邏輯和模式匹配問題等心理練習變成了快速嬉戲。)”可知，腦力訓練應用程序以嬉戲的形式發(fā)揮作用。故選B。6．C詞句揣測題。依據其次段“Someappstellusthatthemoreyouplaythesemini-games,thesmarteryouwillget．Itisreallyabigpromise．(一些應用程序告知我們，你玩這些迷你嬉戲越多，你就會變得越聰慧。這真的是一個很大的承諾。)”可知，作者認為靠玩嬉戲變聰慧是一個很大的承諾。結合第四段“Thepositiveeffectsthathavebeenfoundarelimitedtotheveryspecificmini-gamesandtasksthatusersaretrainedon,suchastheabilitytomemorizelistsofwordsornumbers,orperformmentalarithmetic,withlittlebenefittootherskills．(已經發(fā)覺的主動影響僅限于特別特定的小嬉戲和用戶接受訓練的任務，比如記憶單詞或數(shù)字列表的實力，或進行心算的實力，對其他技能幾乎沒有好處。)”可知，通過玩嬉戲進行的腦力訓練對認知功能等其他技能沒有好處，這一很大的承諾并不能達成。作者認為腦力訓練的理念違反了人類思索和學習的原理，并未達到預期效果。故選C。7．A推理推斷題。依據第四段“Thepositiveeffectsthathavebeenfoundarelimitedtotheveryspecificmini-gamesandtasksthatusersaretrainedon,suchastheabilitytomemorizelistsofwordsornumbers,orperformmentalarithmetic,withlittlebenefittootherskills．(已經發(fā)覺的主動影響僅限于特別特定的小嬉戲和用戶接受訓練的任務，比如記憶單詞或數(shù)字列表的實力，或進行心算的實力，對其他技能幾乎沒有好處。)”可知，已知的腦力訓練的主動影響僅限于特別特定的一些小嬉戲和訓練任務，但對其他技能幾乎沒有好處。腦力訓練對記憶力的提高具有局限性。故選A。8．D觀點看法題。依據最終一段“Puzzlevideogamessuchas‘BabaIsYou’and‘ReturnoftheObraDinn’，seeplayersapplytheirskillatlogic,memoryandconcentrationinafarmorecomplexwaythananybraintrainingmini-game．(益智電子嬉戲，如‘BabaIsYou’和‘ReturnoftheObraDinn’使玩家能夠以比任何腦力訓練迷你嬉戲困難得多的方式運用他們的邏輯、記憶和留意力技巧。)”可知，作者認為“BabaIsYou”和“ReturnoftheObraDinn”這類益智嬉戲更能激發(fā)玩家在邏輯、記憶和留意力方面的實力，其困難程度遠超過任何腦力訓練小嬉戲。由此推知，作者是對“BabaIsYou”這類益智嬉戲持贊成看法。故選D。C(2024·廣東省汕頭市一般高考一模)“Medicine,law,business,engineering,thesearenoblepursuits,andnecessarytosustainlife．Butpoetry,beauty,romance,love,thesearewhatwestayalivefor．”Thisisdedicatedtomyfirst-yearselffouryearsago,whowasaddictedtogettinggoodgrades,andfailedtoseekthehappinessfoundineverythingelsethatcollegehastooffer．Likesomepeople,Igrewupwithafamilythatvaluedacademicsoverallelse,whogaveyoualittleextralovewhenyouweredoinggreatinyourclasses,andtookitawaywhenyoudidn't．Asaresult,myself-worthbecametiedtomyacademicsuccess．Asaninternationalstudent,Isometimesfeltourparentsdidn'tquiteunderstandtheheavyacademicweight．Thereisadifferencebetweentryingtoalwaysbetteryourselfforyourself,andsimplyputtingtoomuchonyourplateuntilyouburnoutfromattemptingtoliveuptocertainexpectations．Weshouldallstrivetodotheformer,butunfortunatelyourmindsetshavebeenalwayswiredtofollowthelatter．Iusedtobelieveschoolkilledthecreativespiritinsideallofus,butasIgetolderandfurtherintomyacademiccareer,Ifindthatitiswewhomakethechoicetokillthatcreativespirit．IamdefinitelynotsayingthatyoushouldthrowyourGPAoutofthewindowandgopaintingallday．However,weshouldalltrytodevelopalong-sightedperspectiveonhowwewanttoshapeourlives．Takesomeclassesontopicsthatyou'regenuinelyinterestedinlearningabout,notjustpassing．Joinclubsorworkonprojectsthatresonatewithyouandpushyoubeyondyourboundaries．Andmostofall,acceptthefactthatfailureandlossaresometimesinevitableinlife．Ipromiseyou,whenyoulookbackatthesefouryears,youwillnotrememberthegoodgradesorthebadgrades,butyouwillholdinyourmemorytheconnectionsyoumadewithpeople,thethingsthatinspiredyoutocreateandthetimesyoulearnedsomethingspecial．AndsoIaskyounow,whatdoyouwanttogetoutofcollege?9．Whoistheauthorofthepassage？A．Aprofessor． B．Afreshman．C．Aparent． D．Agraduate．10．Whatdidtheauthor'sparentsstressmostonhiscollegelife？A．Seekinghappiness．B．Gettinggoodgrades．C．Buildingself-worth．D．Developingvariousinterests．11．Whatisbetteringourselvesforaccordingtotheauthor？A．Tobeabetterself．B．Torealizeourdreams．C．Topushourboundaries．D．Toliveuptoothers'expectations．12．Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthorprobablyagreewith？A．Academicgrowthhelpstopromotecreativity．B．Studentsthemselveshaveasayintheirhobbies．C．Failurescanbeavoidedwithmoreeffortsputin．D．Schoolistoblameforkillingstudents'creativity．【語篇解讀】本文是一篇爭論文。作者認為自己四年前一味沉迷于好成果，沒有從高校所能供應的一切中找尋歡樂。告知讀者應當參與一些你真正感愛好的課程，而不是敷衍了事，從高校中學到特殊的東西。9．D推理推斷題。依據第一段“Thisisdedicatedtomyfirst-yearselffouryearsago,whowasaddictedtogettinggoodgrades,andfailedtoseekthehappinessfoundineverythingelsethatcollegehastooffer．(這句話獻給