山東省煙臺(tái)市2025屆高三英語(yǔ)適應(yīng)性練習(xí)試題一含解析

PAGE23-山東省煙臺(tái)市2025屆高三英語(yǔ)適應(yīng)性練習(xí)試題（一）（含解析）留意事項(xiàng):1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，只交答題卡。第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALongIsland’shikingroutesofferanescapeforfamilytimeoryourownmentalorphysicalhealth.There’slotstosee,soopenyoursensesbecauseit'sarelaxingthingtodoinastressfultime.SagamoreHill,OysterBayWalkalongthesamepaththatPresidentTheodoreRooseveltwalkedwithhisfamilyandguests.SagamoreHill,nowanationalpark,wasoncethesummerhomeofthe26thpresident.Theexpansivepropertyhasanaturepaththroughthickwoodlandswherehikerscanwalkoveralittlebridgeoverastream.It’sashort,three-quarter-milepaththroughoakandtuliptrees.INFO:Opensunrisetosunsetdailyyear-round;free;516-922-4788.BlydenburghCountyPark,HauppaugeTheeastsideoftheparkisflat,makingthewalkverykid-friendly.Thewestsideisabitmorehilly,butbothhavesplendidwaterviewsofthepond.Ontheeastsideisalsotherowboatareaandbenches,aswellaspicnictables.Whenyou’reatBlydenburghCountyPark,gointhenorthentranceoffRoute347,wherethemainofficeoftheGreenbeltTrailConferenceissituated.Theoffice,alsothestartoftheroutes,providesinformationandmaps.INFO:Dawntodusk;631-854-3712.Nofeecollectedfromthemaingateinthefallandwinter.TackapaushaPreserve,SeafordThepreservehasself-guidedroutesforthepublicandisafunwalkforkidswithastopatthemuseumtocompletethevisit.Guidedwalksatthemuseumareavailablewithadvancereservationsfororganizationsandschoolgroups.Thepathsareflat,well-maintainedandclearlymarked,withapondwithbridgesandawaterfallalongtheway.It’sagreatplacetobringyourfamilytobirdwatch,enjoyanimalsandconnectwithnature.INFO:Freeandopensunrisetosunset;516-571-7443.1.WhatisSagamoreHillprobablyfamousfor?A.Anaturepath.B.Alittlebridge.C.Thethickwoodlands.D.Apresident’ssummerhome.2.WhatdoBlydenburghCountyParkandTackapaushaPreservehaveincommon?A.Theyarefree.B.Theyhavewaterviews.C.Theyhavepicnicservice.D.Theyfavortheelderly.3.WhatshouldagroupofstudentsdoforabettervisittothemuseuminTackapaushaPreserve?A.Bookguidedwalks.B.Takeanewroute.C.Makeadditionalpayment.D.Consultmuseumguides.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了長(zhǎng)島上的幾條徒步旅行線路。【1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)SagamoreHill,OysterBay線路介紹中SagamoreHill,nowanationalpark,wasoncethesummerhomeofthe26thpresident.可知，SagamoreHill曾經(jīng)是美國(guó)第26任總統(tǒng)的避暑別墅。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。BlydenburghCountyPark線路介紹中提到butbothhavesplendidwaterviewsofthepond.(兩邊都有美麗的池塘水景)和HauppaugeTackapaushaPreserve,Seaford線路介紹中提到withapondwithbridgesandawaterfallalongtheway.(沿路有一個(gè)帶橋的池塘和瀑布)可知，兩條線路的共同點(diǎn)是都可以看到池塘等水景。故選B項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)TackapaushaPreserve,Seaford線路的介紹中Guidedwalksatthemuseumareavailablewithadvancereservationsfororganizationsandschoolgroups.可知，學(xué)校團(tuán)體可提前預(yù)約，有導(dǎo)游帶領(lǐng)參觀博物館。故選A項(xiàng)。BTheuniqueoceananimalswerediscoveredbyateamofscientistsledbyDr.ChristineDudgeonfromAustralia’sUniversityofQueenslandduringa12yearglobalconservationstudy.Thenewly-foundsharkshaveevolved(進(jìn)化)tosurviveinlowoxygenenvironments,enablingthemtohuntduringlowtides.Theresearchersbelievetheirabilitytousetheirfins(鰭)towalkaffordsthesharksaremarkableedgeoverthesmalleranimalstheytrytohunt.“Whiletheyaresuperhuntersintheirshallowhabitat,thetinysharkspresentnothreattopeople,”saysDudgeon.“Atlessthanameterlongonaverage,they’reincrediblycutelittleanimalsthatdonotlooklikesharksatall,”sheadds.ADNAanalysisofskinsamplesfromthelivefishsuggeststhatwalkingsharksbrokeawayfromtheiroriginalpopulationandbecameadistinctspeciesaboutninemillionyearsago.Thoughthatmayappeartobealongtimeago,itisrelativelyrecentgiventhatsharkshavebeenaroundformorethan400millionyears.Infact,DudgeonandherteambelievewalkingsharksaretheyoungestkindofsharksonEarth!Theresearcherssaythatthesharks’smallnumbersandsmallhabitatmakethemextremelyvulnerable(易受損害)tonaturaldisastersandoverfishing.TheyarecurrentlyontheNatureRedList,whichlistsspeciesatrisk.Dudgeonandherteambelievesensibleconservationmanagementplansareurgentlyneededtoprotectthewalkingsharksandotherendangeredanimalsfromfurtherthreats.4.Whatisthemostnoticeablefeatureofthenewly-foundsharks?A.Theyarecuteandharmlesstohumans.B.Theycansurviveintheirshallowhabitat.C.Theywalkontheirfinsacrosstheseafloor.D.TheyaretheyoungestkindofsharksonEarth.5.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theevolutionoftheshark.B.Thebehaviorofthesharks.C.Thepopulationofthesharks.D.TheDNAsamplesofthesharks.6.WhatshouldbedonewithoutdelayaccordingtoDudgeonandherteam?AAdjustingthemethodsoffishing.B.PuttingthesharksontheNatureRedList.C.Changingthesharks’livingenvironments.D.Adoptingnecessarymeasurestoprotectthesharks.7.Inwhichcolumnofawebsitecanwereadthetext?A.Environment. B.Nature.C.Education. D.Geography.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【解析】【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了探討人員在澳大利亞北部旁邊海疆發(fā)覺了一種靠鰭行走的鯊魚及其相關(guān)的愛護(hù)措施?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)首段首句Asharkthatwalksinwaterinsteadofswimmingmightsoundlikeacreaturestraightoutofsciencefiction.However,thatispreciselyhowthefish—foundinthewatersoffNorthernAustralia—movesacrosstheseafloor.(在水里行走而不是游泳的一條鯊魚，聽起來(lái)就像是科幻小說(shuō)中的一種生物。然而，這正是在澳大利亞北部海疆發(fā)覺的魚的穿過(guò)海底的移動(dòng)方式)及其次段Theresearchersbelievetheirabilitytousetheirfins(鰭)towalkaffordsthesharksaremarkableedgeoverthesmalleranimalstheytrytohunt.(探討人員認(rèn)為，它們利用鰭行走的實(shí)力使鯊魚比它們?cè)噲D捕獵的小動(dòng)物具有顯著的優(yōu)勢(shì))可知，新發(fā)覺的鯊魚最明顯的特征是用鰭在海底行走。故選C。【5題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，第三段講解并描述了對(duì)活魚皮膚樣本的DNA分析表明，活鯊魚脫離了原來(lái)的種群，大約在900萬(wàn)年前成為一個(gè)獨(dú)特的物種。盡管那可能是很久以前的事，但是相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)是最近的，考慮到鯊魚已經(jīng)存在了4億多年。事實(shí)上，Dudgeon和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)信任行走的鯊魚是地球上最年輕的鯊魚！因此推斷第三段主要講解并描述鯊魚的進(jìn)化。故選A。【6題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)末段Dudgeonandherteambelievesensibleconservationmanagementplansareurgentlyneededtoprotectthewalkingsharksandotherendangeredanimalsfromfurtherthreats.(Dudgeon和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)認(rèn)為，迫切須要明智的愛護(hù)管理支配來(lái)愛護(hù)行走的鯊魚和其他瀕危動(dòng)物免受進(jìn)一步的威逼)可知，迫切須要做的是實(shí)行必要措施愛護(hù)鯊魚。故選D?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章首段首句Asharkthatwalksinwaterinsteadofswimmingmightsoundlikeacreaturestraightoutofsciencefiction.However,thatispreciselyhowthefish—foundinthewatersoffNorthernAustralia—movesacrosstheseafloor.(在水里行走而不是游泳的一條鯊魚，聽起來(lái)就像是科幻小說(shuō)中的一種生物。然而，這正是在澳大利亞北部海疆發(fā)覺的魚的穿過(guò)海底的移動(dòng)方式)可知，文章的主要講解并描述在澳大利亞北部旁邊海疆發(fā)覺了一種靠鰭行走的鯊魚。由此推知，在網(wǎng)站的自然欄目中，我們可以閱讀這篇文章。故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】在做推理推斷題時(shí)不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要依據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理推斷。如第4小題，要求推斷“我們可以在網(wǎng)站的哪個(gè)欄目閱讀這篇文章？”依據(jù)文章首段首句Asharkthatwalksinwaterinsteadofswimmingmightsoundlikeacreaturestraightoutofsciencefiction.However,thatispreciselyhowthefish—foundinthewatersoffNorthernAustralia—movesacrosstheseafloor.(在水里行走而不是游泳的一條鯊魚，聽起來(lái)就像是科幻小說(shuō)中的一種生物。然而，這正是在澳大利亞北部海疆發(fā)覺的魚的穿過(guò)海底的移動(dòng)方式)可知，文章的主要講解并描述在澳大利亞北部旁邊海疆發(fā)覺了一種靠鰭行走的鯊魚。由此推知，在網(wǎng)站的自然欄目中，我們可以閱讀這篇文章。故選B。CTheTokyoSummerOlympicsisgoinggreen.The5,000medalsJapanhasmadearemorespecialthanmost.OnenovelfocusoftheTokyoOlympicsistobe“sustainable”—toavoidusingtoomanynaturalresources,sothatthegamesareeasyontheenvironment.Aspartofthisgoal,theorganizersdecidedtomakealloftheOlympicmedalsoutofmetalrecycledfromoldelectronics.Almostallelectronicsaremadewithsmallamountsof"preciousmetals",likegoldandsilver.Butcollectingenoughofthesemetalstomake5,000medalswasahugechallenge.That'sbecausetheamountofmetalineachdeviceistiny.Itwouldtakeabout20,000cellphonestogetjust1kilogramofgold.BeginninginApril2024,theorganizersplacedcollectionboxesaroundthecountry,andaskedpeopletoturnintheiroldelectronicdevices.Soonpeoplebegantorespondtotheinitiative,turninginsmartphones,digitalcameras,hand-heldgames,andlaptops.Atfirst,collectionwentslowly,butsoonmoreandmoreareasbegantotakepart.Bytheend,1,621localgovernmentshadhelpedoutwiththecollectionprocess.Thencamethejobofbreakingthosedevicesdownintosmallerpieces.Afterbeingtakenapartandsorted,thesmallelectronicsweresmelted(熔煉)togetallthegold,silver,andbronzeelements.Thisisatrickyjob,whichcallsforcarefulattentionandgoodskill.It'salsodangerous,becausesomeofthemetalsandotherthingsaren'tsafeforpeopletotouchorbreathe.BytheendofMarch,2024,theorganizershadhittheirtargetsofgettingenoughmetalforthemedals.Theyhadcollectedaround3xkilogramsofgold,4,100kilogramsofsilverand2,200kilogramsofbronze.Andnowallthe5,000medalsareavailableforthewould-bewinners.8.WhatcanweknowabouttheTokyoOlympicsmedals?A.Theyarehugelyvaluable.B.Theyareofhighquality.C.Theyaredesigneduniquely.D.Theyaremadefrome-waste.9.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytellus?A.Thedifficultyofmakingthemedals.B.Theprocessofcollectingoldelectronics.C.Theinitiativetorecycleusedsmartphones.D.Theclassificationofthecollecteddevices.10.Theunderlinedword“tricky”inParagraph5means“”.A.creative B.well-paidC.demanding D.time-consuming11.What'sthepurposeofTokyo'swayofmakingthemedals?A.Toadvocatesustainableuseofresources.B.TopromotethespiritofOlympicGames.C.Tointroduceanewtechniquetomakemedals.D.Tocallpeople'sattentiontoenvironmentaldamage.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了東京夏運(yùn)會(huì)獎(jiǎng)牌將采納回收的電子垃圾制作而成，以及該活動(dòng)的目的意義?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段Aspartofthisgoal,theorganizersdecidedtomakealloftheOlympicmedalsoutofmetalrecycledfromoldelectronics.(作為這一目標(biāo)的一部分，組織者確定用舊電子產(chǎn)品回收的金屬制成全部的奧運(yùn)獎(jiǎng)牌。)可知，東京奧運(yùn)會(huì)金牌是由電子廢料制成的。故選D。【9題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，從2024年4月起先，組織者在全國(guó)各地放置了收集箱，并要求人們上交他們的舊電子設(shè)備。很快，人們起先對(duì)倡議做出反應(yīng)，上交智能手機(jī)、數(shù)碼相機(jī)、手持嬉戲和筆記本電腦。起初，收集工作進(jìn)展緩慢，但很快越來(lái)越多的地區(qū)起先參與。到目前為止，已有1621個(gè)地方政府供應(yīng)了幫助。因此推斷本段主要講解并描述了收集舊電子產(chǎn)品的過(guò)程。故選B。【10題詳解】詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)劃線句后的whichcallsforcarefulattentionandgoodskill.It'salsodangerous,becausesomeofthemetalsandotherthingsaren'tsafeforpeopletotouchorbreathe.可知，這須要細(xì)心地關(guān)注和良好的技能，這也是危急的，因?yàn)橐恍┙饘俸推渌麞|西對(duì)于人們的觸摸和呼吸是擔(dān)憂全的。因此推斷這是一個(gè)要求高的工作。故選C。【11題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段OnenovelfocusoftheTokyoOlympicsistobe“sustainable”—toavoidusingtoomanynaturalresources可知東京奧運(yùn)會(huì)的一個(gè)新焦點(diǎn)是“可持續(xù)發(fā)展的”——避開運(yùn)用太多的自然資源。因此推斷東京制作這種獎(jiǎng)牌的目的是提倡資源可持續(xù)利用。故選A。.【點(diǎn)睛】在閱讀中我們常常會(huì)考查揣測(cè)詞義或句意題。事實(shí)上，閱讀材料中的每個(gè)詞與它前后的詞語(yǔ)或句子甚至段落都有聯(lián)系。運(yùn)用邏輯推理揣測(cè)詞義或句意是運(yùn)用最廣考查最多也最易失分的猜詞方式，這要求考生具備整合分散、困難信息的實(shí)力，充分利用上下文（各種已知信息）并結(jié)合詳細(xì)的語(yǔ)境推想、推斷某些詞或短語(yǔ)的詞義。例如第3小題，依據(jù)劃線句后的whichcallsforcarefulattentionandgoodskill.It'salsodangerous,becausesomeofthemetalsandotherthingsaren'tsafeforpeopletotouchorbreathe.可知，這須要細(xì)心地關(guān)注和良好的技能，這也是危急的，因?yàn)橐恍┙饘俸推渌麞|西對(duì)于人們的觸摸和呼吸是擔(dān)憂全的。因此推斷這是一個(gè)要求高的工作。故選C。DOverthelast25years,psychologistshavefoundthatpersonalitiescenteronfivebasictraits(特性)—theBigFive:agreeableness,conscientiousness(責(zé)任心),neuroticism,extroversionandopenness.Contrarytocommonbelief,peoplejustaren’torganizedintocertainpersonalitytypes.Everytraitisacontinuousdimensionandeveryonecanbedescribedashavingvaryinglevelsofeachtrait.AnewresearchhasalsofoundanimalsfromantstoapesallhavetheBigFiveandthattheuniversalityofpersonalitypointstoanevolutionary(進(jìn)化)origin.Animalsandhumanshavecommonproblemsofsurvival,whicharespelledoutbeautifullyintheBigFive,andthat’swhythere’ssomuchcontinuityinhumanpersonalityandanimalpersonality.Forexample,conscientiousnessinvolvesbehaviorslikeplanningandconsideration,whichareimportantamonganimalsfortakingcareoftheiryoung,selectingmatesandlivingingroups.Beingneatandorderly—aspectsofconscientiousness-alsohasevolutionarysuperiority.Beesthatliketokeepcleanandremovemoredeadgroupmembersreduceriskofdisease,gainmoreweightandreproducemoreSpidersthatmaketidywebscatchmoreinsects.Birdsthatbuildneaterandsolidernestsattractmoremates.Thesebehaviorsmayseemprimitive,butthey’reneverthelessindicationsofpersonality.Personalityistheexpressionofallofthebehaviorsthathumansandanimalsexhibitthatallowthemtofunctionadaptivelyintheworld.Evolutioncanalsoexplainwhypersonalitiesvarysomuch.Dependingonthesituation,eachoftheBigFivecanbeadvantageous.Forexample,agreeablenessisgreatforrelationships.Butifalionwerechargingatyou,you’dbebetteroffwithalessagreeableandmoreaggressivepersonality.Becausetheworldissounpredictable,everyaspectofeachpersonalitytraitcouldbeusefulatdifferenttimes,soinsteadofevolvingasingletypeofpersonalitythat’sbestforeverysituation,we’releftwithawidevariety.12.Whatdopeoplegenerallythinkaboutpersonalitytypes?A.Differentpersonalitytypeshaverespectivestrengths.B.Everyonefallsintoaparticularpersonalitytype.C.Peoplewithcommonpersonalitytypesgather,D.Everyonehasmixedpersonalitytypes.13.What’sthepurposeofmentioningsomeanimalsinParagraph2?A.Toillustratetheadvantagesofbeingconscientious.B.Toanalyzesurvivalchancesofcooperativeanimals.C.Toexplainwhytheyaretidyandorderly.D.Tothrownewlightontheirbehavior.14.Whydowedisplayacertainpersonalityinaspecificsituation?A.Tobefreeoftrouble.B.Tobeadaptivetocircumstances.C.Tocompeteforequalrights.D.Togainadvantagesoverothers.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?A.Personalityandbehavior.B.CategoriesofBigFive.C.Contradictoryfactsonpersonality.D.Diversityandvariabilityofpersonality.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.D【解析】【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。在過(guò)去的25年里，心理學(xué)家發(fā)覺，人格主要集中在五種基本特征上——大五類人格：宜人性、盡責(zé)性、神經(jīng)質(zhì)、外向性和開放性。探討還發(fā)覺，從螞蟻到猿類，全部動(dòng)物都有大五人格，這種特性的普遍性指向了一個(gè)進(jìn)化起源。每種人格特征的每個(gè)方面都可能在不同的時(shí)間有用，所以我們沒(méi)有進(jìn)化出一種適合每種狀況的單一人格類型，而是留下了多種多樣的特性?！?2題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中Contrarytocommonbelief,peoplejustaren’torganizedintocertainpersonalitytypes.(與普遍的看法相反，人們并不是依據(jù)特定的性格類型組織起來(lái)的)可推知，人們通常認(rèn)為每個(gè)人都屬于某種特定的性格類型。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的Animalsandhumanshavecommonproblemsofsurvival,whicharespelledoutbeautifullyintheBigFive,andthat’swhythere’ssomuchcontinuityinhumanpersonalityandanimalpersonality.(動(dòng)物和人類都有共同的生存問(wèn)題，這在大五類人格中被完備地闡述了出來(lái)，這就是為什么人類和動(dòng)物的人格具有如此多的連續(xù)性)及隨后提到了一些動(dòng)物的例子可推知，在其次段中提到一些動(dòng)物的目的是為了對(duì)它們的行為進(jìn)行新的說(shuō)明。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的Dependingonthesituation,eachoftheBigFivecanbeadvantageous.Forexample,agreeablenessisgreatforrelationships.Butifalionwerechargingatyou,you’dbebetteroffwithalessagreeableandmoreaggressivepersonality.(視狀況而定，大五類人格中的每一個(gè)都可能是有利的。例如，宜人性對(duì)人際關(guān)系很重要。但假如獅子向你沖來(lái)，你最好選擇一個(gè)不那么隨和、更具攻擊性的特性)可推知，我們表現(xiàn)出特定的特性是為了適應(yīng)特定的環(huán)境。故選B。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段中的Overthelast25years,psychologistshavefoundthatpersonalitiescenteronfivebasictraits(特性)—theBigFive:agreeableness,conscientiousness(責(zé)任心),neuroticism,extroversionandopenness.(在過(guò)去的25年里，心理學(xué)家發(fā)覺，人格主要集中在五種基本特征上——大五類人格：宜人性、盡責(zé)性、神經(jīng)質(zhì)、外向性和開放性)及最終一段中的Becausetheworldissounpredictable,everyaspectofeachpersonalitytraitcouldbeusefulatdifferenttimes,soinsteadofevolvingasingletypeofpersonalitythat’sbestforeverysituation,we’releftwithawidevariety.(因?yàn)槭澜缡侨绱瞬恍蓄A(yù)料，每種人格特征的每個(gè)方面都可能在不同的時(shí)間有用，所以我們沒(méi)有進(jìn)化出一種適合每種狀況的單一人格類型，而是留下了多種多樣的特性)可知，文章主要論述了人格的多樣性和可變性。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】在做推理推斷題時(shí)不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要依據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理推斷。如第1小題，Whatdopeoplegenerallythinkaboutpersonalitytypes?要求推斷出人們通常怎么看待性格類型。依據(jù)第一段中的Contrarytocommonbelief,peoplejustaren’torganizedintocertainpersonalitytypes.(與普遍的看法相反，人們并不是依據(jù)特定的性格類型組織起來(lái)的)可推知，人們通常認(rèn)為每個(gè)人都屬于某種特定的性格類型。故選B其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。EversincetheUniversityofBolognainHalywasfoundedin1088asthefirstmodernuniversity,mostpeoplehaveassociatedgreatuniversities,withmajorcities.___16___CollegesanduniversitiesintheU.S.,though,havefollowedadifferentpattern.Tobesure,leadinguniversitiessuchastheUniversityofChicagoandColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkCitycallmajorurbancentershome.___17___Insomecases,theuniversityis,forallpracticalpurposes,thewholetown.___18___Manyearlycollegesanduniversitieswerefoundedbyreligious(宗教的)groupsthatsoughttoeducatestudentsfarfromthedistractionsofcitylife.WhenHarvardUniversitywasfoundedin1636byCongregationalistChurchministers,Cambridge,wheretheuniversityisnowlocated,wasquiteseparatefromBoston.Moreover,whentheU.S.beganbuildinganetworkofpublicuniversitiesinthe1860stobringagriculturalandtechnicalresearchandknow-howtothewestward-spreadingfrontier,mostwerelocatedinsmalltowns.___19___GiventhehugediversityofU.S.highereducation,themessageforinternationalstudentsshoppingforagreatuniversityisdoubled.___20___Don'tbeputoffifyouhaveneverheardofthecityortownwhereaschoolislocated.Top-ratedcollegesanduniversitieslocatedinlesserknownplacesmayamazeyouinanunimaginablemannerwiththeirhighqualityandasignificantnumberoftheirinternationalstudentsA.Bloomingtonisalsoagreatcollegetown.B.ThinktheSorbonneinParisorPekingUniversity.C.Setyoursightsbeyondthemostwell-knownschools.D.Onereason:therewerenomajorcitiesthereatthetime.E.Therewasnobetterrecipeforpopularitythansmallcampuses.F.PartoftheexplanationforthisliesinAmerica'sdistinctivehistory.G.Butmanyarelocatedincitiesandtownsmostpeoplehaveneverheardof.【答案】16.B17.G18.F19.D20.C【解析】本文是說(shuō)明文。大多數(shù)人都將宏大的高校和大城市聯(lián)系在一起。文章介紹了美國(guó)是另外一種模式，很多主要高校在小城市，并說(shuō)明了其歷史緣由，建議國(guó)際學(xué)生在選擇高校時(shí)考慮。【16題詳解】上文EversincetheUniversityofBolognainHalywasfoundedin1088asthefirstmodernuniversity,mostpeoplehaveassociatedgreatuniversities,withmajorcities.闡述自從1088年哈利的博洛尼亞高校作為第一所現(xiàn)代高校成立以來(lái)，大多數(shù)人都把宏大的高校與主要城市聯(lián)系起來(lái)，說(shuō)明重點(diǎn)高校都在大城市里，因此推斷B項(xiàng)“想想巴黎的索邦或北京高校?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，舉例說(shuō)明上文內(nèi)容。故選B?！?7題詳解】空格上文CollegesanduniversitiesintheU.S.,though,havefollowedadifferentpattern.講解并描述美國(guó)的高校遵循了不同的模式，也就是重點(diǎn)高校并不在大城市里，空格下文Insomecases,theuniversityis,forallpracticalpurposes,thewholetown.說(shuō)明，在某些狀況下，高校是整個(gè)鎮(zhèn)子，空格處承上啟下，因此推斷G項(xiàng)“但很多都位于大多數(shù)人從未聽說(shuō)過(guò)的城鎮(zhèn)?！狈项}意，故選G?！?8題詳解】依據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，下文講解并描述了很多早期的學(xué)院和高校是由宗教團(tuán)體建立的，這些團(tuán)體試圖教化學(xué)生遠(yuǎn)離城市生活的干擾。哈佛高校建在相當(dāng)獨(dú)立的波士頓。此外，當(dāng)美國(guó)在19世紀(jì)60年頭起先建立公立高校時(shí)，大多數(shù)位于小城鎮(zhèn)。因此推斷本段主要介紹美國(guó)高校不位于大城市的歷史緣由。因此推斷，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“部分緣由在于美國(guó)獨(dú)特的歷史。”符合題意，故選F?！?9題詳解】空格上文Moreover,whentheU.S.beganbuildinganetworkofpublicuniversitiesinthe1860stobringagriculturalandtechnicalresearchandknow-howtothewestward-spreadingfrontier,mostwerelocatedinsmalltowns.可知，此外，當(dāng)美國(guó)在19世紀(jì)60年頭起先建立公立高校網(wǎng)絡(luò)，將農(nóng)業(yè)和技術(shù)探討以及特地學(xué)問(wèn)向西擴(kuò)展邊疆時(shí)，大多數(shù)都位于小城鎮(zhèn)。可推斷D項(xiàng)“一個(gè)緣由是當(dāng)時(shí)那里沒(méi)有大城市?！狈项}意，介紹在小城市建立高校的緣由。故選D?！?0題詳解】空格上文GiventhehugediversityofU.S.highereducation,themessageforinternationalstudentsshoppingforagreatuniversityisdoubled.闡述考慮到美國(guó)高等教化的巨大多樣性，找尋一所好學(xué)校的國(guó)際學(xué)生信息增加了一倍。下文Don'tbeputoffifyouhaveneverheardofthecityortownwhereaschoolislocated.闡述假如你從未聽說(shuō)過(guò)學(xué)校所在的城市或城鎮(zhèn)，不要疏遠(yuǎn)。因此推斷C項(xiàng)“讓你的視野超越最聞名的學(xué)校?！狈项}意，說(shuō)明不要只是考慮大城市的學(xué)校，故選C。其次部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)，(共15小題:小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文質(zhì)各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Asachild,Ilivedonacollegecampuswithmyparents.Theirstudentsoftenvisitedanddidjigsawpuzzles(拼圖)withme,forwhichIquicklydiscoveredmy___21___.Iwouldsitaloneforhours____22____buildingapuzzle.Mycollege“friends”wouldbe____23____nexttimetheycame.SoonI___24___upfrom500-piecepuzzlestomyhighest___25___:a3,000-pieceone.Iwasso___26___atthethoughtoftearingitapartthatImovedthefinishedpuzzle___27___ontoalargeboardandkeptitasitwasuntilwemovedawayandI___28___playingwithpuzzles.RecentlyIcan'thelpbut___29___myolddays,whenIcouldspendhourslookingatsmall,oddlyshapedcardboardpiecesand____30____themintoappropriatelyspacedpositions,enjoyingmyself.Inowliveinaworldofdivided____31____,constantlyjumpingfromoneformofentertainmenttoanother.____32____，IdislikeitwhenIopenmyphonetosendaquicktext,butonlytofindmyself,anhourlater,clickingoncountlessYouTubevideosthatleavenoimpressiononme.Imissbeingsomeonewhodidn't____33____tobebombedwithsomanyflashyexternalstimulitobe____34____.Ithinkapuzzleortwowouldforcemetobeanotherversionofmyself,alessimpatientone.WhenIgethomethissummer,I'll____35____theboxofoldtoyssomewhereinourbasement.MaybeI'llfindwhatI'mlookingfor.21.A.concern B.destination C.balance D.love22.A.dreamingof B.concentratingon C.complainingabout D.hesitatingabout23.A.embarrassed B.impressed C.confused D.relieved24.A.leveled B.mixed C.showed D.sped25.A.challenge B.design C.achievement D.champion26.A.guilty B.light-hearted C.silly D.heartbroken27.A.atrandom B.withcare C.onoccasion D.stepbystep28.A.quit B.continued C.escaped D.forbade29.A.analyse B.regret C.recall D.doubt30.A.placing B.rolling C.pushing D.dragging31.A.attention B.communication C.information D.opinions32.A.Thankfully B.Honestly C.Additionally D.Interestingly33.A.fail B.afford C.need D.offer34.A.admired B.connected C.disturbed D.entertained35.A.takeover B.breaksup C.searchthrough D.putaway【答案】21.D22.B23.B24.A25.C26.D27.B28.A29.C30.A31.A32.B33.C34.D35.C【解析】本文是一篇記述文。文章主要講解并描述了作者以前對(duì)拼圖非感愛好，后來(lái)因?yàn)樯钤趧诼档姆稚⒘粢饬Φ氖澜缋锾貏e懷念以前的拼圖嬉戲。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的學(xué)生常常和我一起玩拼圖嬉戲，我很快就發(fā)覺了我的喜好。A.concern擔(dān)憂，憂慮；B.destination目的地；C.balance平衡；D.love喜好，愛。由下文的“Iwouldsitaloneforhours________buildingapuzzle.”可知，作者對(duì)拼圖特別喜愛。故選D項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我會(huì)一個(gè)人坐上好幾個(gè)小時(shí)用心做拼圖嬉戲。A.dreamingof幻想；B.concentratingon專注于；C.complainingabout對(duì)……埋怨；D.hesitatingabout對(duì)……遲疑。由上文的“Iwouldsitaloneforhours”和下文的“SoonI______upfrom500-piecepuzzlestomyhighest______:a3,000-pieceone.”可知，此處指作者一個(gè)人坐上好幾個(gè)小時(shí)用心做拼圖嬉戲。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的高?！皳从选毕麓蝸?lái)時(shí)肯定會(huì)印象深刻。A.embarrassed尷尬的；B.impressed印象深刻的；C.confused困惑的；D.relieved放心的。由上文的“Iwouldsitaloneforhours________buildingapuzzle.”可知，作者對(duì)拼圖如此感愛好，所以當(dāng)他的高校“摯友”下次來(lái)時(shí)肯定會(huì)印象深刻。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不久，我從500個(gè)拼圖升級(jí)到我的最高成就：3000個(gè)拼圖。A.leveled使同等；B.mixed使混合；C.showed展示，說(shuō)明；D.sped促進(jìn)，快速運(yùn)動(dòng)。依據(jù)“a3,000-pieceone.”levelup是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“升級(jí)”，表示通過(guò)提高來(lái)達(dá)到某種水平，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不久，我從500個(gè)拼圖升級(jí)到我的最高成就：3000個(gè)拼圖。A.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；B.design設(shè)計(jì)；C.achievement成就；D.champion冠軍。由上下文內(nèi)容可知，此處指升級(jí)到最高成就。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一想到要把它撕成碎片，我就心碎了，于是我當(dāng)心翼翼地把完成的拼圖移到一塊大木板上，保持原樣，直到我們搬走，我才停止玩拼圖。A.guilty內(nèi)疚的，有罪的；B.light-hearted無(wú)憂無(wú)慮的，輕松的；C.silly愚蠢的；D.heartbroken哀痛的。由下文的“atthethoughtoftearingitapart”可知，一想到要把自己好不簡(jiǎn)潔完成的拼圖撕成碎片，作者當(dāng)然會(huì)感到哀痛。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：一想到要把它撕成碎片，我就心碎了，于是我當(dāng)心翼翼地把完成拼圖移到一塊大木板上，保持原樣，直到我們搬走，我才停止玩拼圖。A.atrandom隨意地；B.withcare當(dāng)心地；C.onoccasion有時(shí)，間或；D.stepbystep逐步地。由下文的“keptitasitwasuntilwemovedaway”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處指作者當(dāng)心翼翼地把完成的拼圖移到一塊大木板上。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一想到要把它撕成碎片，我就心碎了，于是我當(dāng)心翼翼地把完成的拼圖移到一塊大木板上，保持原樣，直到我們搬走，我才停止玩拼圖。A.quit停止，放棄；B.continued接著；C.escaped躲避；D.forbade禁止。由下文的“RecentlyIcan'thelpbut______myolddays,whenIcouldspendhourslookingatsmall,oddlyshapedcardboardpieces”可知，作者搬走以后就不再玩拼圖了。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：最近，我忍不住回憶起我以前的日子，那時(shí)我可以花幾個(gè)小時(shí)看著形態(tài)奇妙的小紙板，把它們放在適當(dāng)?shù)拈g隔位置來(lái)享受。A.analyse分析；B.regret懊悔，缺憾；C.recall回想起；D.doubt懷疑。由下文的“myolddays,whenIcouldspendhourslookingatsmall,oddlyshapedcardboardpieces”可知，此處指作者回憶起他以前的日子。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：最近，我忍不住回憶起我以前的日子，那時(shí)我可以花幾個(gè)小時(shí)看著形態(tài)奇妙的小紙板，把它們放在適當(dāng)?shù)拈g隔位置來(lái)享受。A.placing放置；B.rolling轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；C.pushing推動(dòng)；D.dragging拖拉。由上文的“Imovedthefinishedpuzzle______ontoalargeboard”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處指作者把它們放在適當(dāng)?shù)拈g隔位置來(lái)享受。故選A項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我現(xiàn)在生活在一個(gè)留意力分散的世界里，不斷地從一種消遣形式跳到另一種。A.attention留意力；B.communication溝通；C.information信息；D.opinions觀點(diǎn)，看法。由上文的“Iwouldsitaloneforhours________buildingapuzzle.”和下文的“constantlyjumpingfromoneformofentertainmenttoanother”可知，作者以前對(duì)拼圖特別感愛好，但現(xiàn)在生活在一個(gè)留意力分散的世界里。故選A項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：誠(chéng)懇地說(shuō)，我不喜愛打開手機(jī)發(fā)短信，但一個(gè)小時(shí)后，我發(fā)覺自己點(diǎn)擊了多數(shù)YouTube視頻，卻沒(méi)有給我留下任何印象。A.Thankfully感謝地；B.Honestly真誠(chéng)地；C.Additionally此外；D.Interestingly好玩地。由下文內(nèi)容可知，此處指誠(chéng)懇地說(shuō)，作者不喜愛現(xiàn)在的生活模式。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我想成為一個(gè)不須要被這么多浮華的外部刺激轟炸來(lái)消遣的人。A.fail失敗；B.afford買得起，賜予；C.need須要，必要；D.offer供應(yīng)。由語(yǔ)境并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)知，此處指作者想成為一個(gè)不須要被這么多浮華的外部刺激轟炸來(lái)消遣的人。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我想成為一個(gè)不須要被這么多浮華外部刺激轟炸來(lái)消遣的人。A.admired敬佩；B.connected連接，聯(lián)系；C.disturbed打攪；D.entertained消遣。由上文的“constantlyjumpingfromoneformofentertainmenttoanother”可知，此處指作者想成為一個(gè)不須要被這么多浮華的外部刺激轟炸來(lái)消遣的人。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：今年夏天我回家時(shí)，我會(huì)在地下室的某個(gè)地方搜尋那盒舊玩具。A.takeover接管，接收；B.breaksup破裂，結(jié)束；C.searchthrough搜尋；D.putaway儲(chǔ)存，拋棄。由下文的“MaybeI'llfindwhatI'mlookingfor.”可知，此處指地下室的某個(gè)地方搜尋那盒舊玩具。故選C項(xiàng)。其次節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Peopleofallagesareconcernedaboutthespreadofthecoronavirus,andteenagers,asagroup,tendtoexperienceintensefearfulness.Accordingly,theirgrowinganxietyshouldbetakeninto___36___(consider)seriously.Adultscanhelpbymakingsureteensdon'toverestimatethedangers___37___underestimatetheirabilitytoprotectthemselves.Anxietycanbe___38___(health).Butnotallteensknowthatittypicallyacts___39___ausefulandprotectiveemotion.Adultscanencourageteenagerstochanneltheirdiscomfortintousefulaction,suchaslearningaboutandfollowingthe___40___(recommend)healthguidelines.Wecanalsoremindteenagersthatweshouldwashourhandsandfollowotherheathrecommendationsnotonly___41___(protect)ourselves,butalsotohelptoeasethestress.Adultscannotethat___42___(make)personalsacrifices(犧牲)-suchaspostponingavacationorstayinghomeifwe'renotfeelingwellhelpstoreducethechanceofcarryingillnessintoourowncommunities.Teenagerswhoarefeeling___43___(high)anxiousaboutCovid-19should___44___(encourage)totakeabreakfromseeking,orevenaccidentallyencountering,informationaboutthevirus.____45____wecandoistoencouragefindingdistractions,suchasdoingtheirhomeworkorwatchingafavoriteshow,toprotectthemfromnoticingtheincreasingvirusfigures.【答案】36.consideration37.or38.healthy39.as40.recommended41.toprotect42.making43.highly44.beencouraged45.What【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講解并描述了如何來(lái)處理年輕人間因新冠肺炎導(dǎo)致的焦慮。【36題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意:因此，他們?nèi)找嬖鲩L(zhǎng)的焦慮應(yīng)當(dāng)被仔細(xì)對(duì)待。takesth.intoconsideration譯為“將……考慮在內(nèi)”是固定短語(yǔ)。故填consideration?！?7題詳解】考查連詞。句意：成年人可以通過(guò)確保青少年不高估危急或低估他們愛護(hù)自己的實(shí)力來(lái)幫助他們。分析句子，don'toverestimatethedangers和underestimatetheirability之間表示選擇。故填or。【38題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：焦慮可能是健康的。分析句子，be動(dòng)詞后用形容詞作表語(yǔ)。故需將提示詞改為形容詞。故填healthy?！?9題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：但并不是全部的青少年都知道它通常是一種有用的愛護(hù)性心情。actas譯為“擔(dān)當(dāng)，作為”。是固定短語(yǔ)。故填as?！?0題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：成年人可以激勵(lì)青少年把他們的不適轉(zhuǎn)化為有用的行動(dòng)