英語閱讀(一)自考題-3

英語閱讀（一）自考題-3

（總分：100.00,做題時間：90分鐘）

一、{{B}}第一部分選擇題{{/B}}（總題數(shù)：0,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

二、{{B}}I.CAREFULREADING{{/B}}（總題數(shù):0,分?jǐn)?shù):0,00）

三、{{B}}Passage1{{/B}}（總題數(shù)：L分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）

AguestattheHolidayInnonUnionSquareinSanFranciscois

attemptingtoturnontheradioinhisroom.Notmatterwhichbutton

hepushes,theradiowillnotplay.Finally,theguestreportsa

defective（有毛病的）radio.Ahotelemployeesoonarrivesatthe

guest，sroomwithanewradio,aboxofchocolates,andflowers.As

fortheradioalreadyintheroom,theemployeeturnsitonwithout

difficultyandquicklyreassurestheguestthattheradioistricky

tooperate.Theemployeeshowstheguesthowtoworktheradioand

pleasantlyexitstheroom,leavingtheradios,thechocolatesandthe

flowers.

Anelderlywomanisinherfavoritefoodstore,Ukrop*sSuperMarket

ofRichmond,Virginia.Shepicksupalargepineapplefromthe

displaycase,holdsitforseveralmoments,andthenreturnsitwith

obviousreluctance.Ukrop，spresident,JamesUkrop,witnessesthis

sceneandasksthecustomerifshewouldliketobuyhalfofthe

pineapple,indicatingthatthestorewouldbegladtocutitinhalf.

Thecustomeracceptsandstateshowshelooksforwardtovisiting

Ukrop，sbecausethestaffissofriendlyandmakesherfeelso

welcome.

Nightafternight,inAurora,Colorado,policeofficersanswercalls

forbreakinsofcarsparkedoutsidealocaldancehall.Oneofficer

notesthattheburglariesusuallyinvolvepursesoffemalecustomers

whosaytheylocktheirhandbagsintheircars,fearingthebags

wouldbestolenfromunattendedtablesduringdances.Theofficer

thenpersuadesthedancehallownertoinstalllockersandthe

burglarycallsdropfromdozenseachmonthtotwoinfourmonths.

Thesethreestoriesemphasizeourcentralargument,thatis,the

essenceofservicesmarketingisservice.Servicequalityisthe

foundationofservicesmarketing,forthecoreproductbeingmarketed

isaperformance.Theperformanceistheproduct;theperformanceis

whatcustomersbuy.Astrongserviceconceptgivescompaniesthe

opportunitytocompeteforcustomers;astrongperformanceofthe

serviceconceptbuildscompetitivenessbyearningcustomers'

confidenceandreinforcingbranding,advertising,selling,and

pricing.（分?jǐn)?shù)：io.oo）

（1）.Theradiointheguest'sroomattheHolidayInndoesnotworkbecause

?A.therearetoomanybuttonsonit

?B.thereissomethingwrongwithit

?C.ittakesatechniciantooperateit

?D.theguesthasnotoperateditproper!y

(分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00)

A.

B.

C.

D.V

解析：［解析］題干問，在HolidayInn的客房里，收音機(jī)不工作的原因。文中第一段可知，客人打開收

音機(jī)，收音機(jī)卻不廣播，他以為收音機(jī)有毛病，而后來服務(wù)生卻亳不費(fèi)力地打開了收音機(jī)，并告訴客人怎

樣打開收音機(jī)。說明收音機(jī)不工作的原因是客人沒有正確地操作。答案為D。

(2).Itcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraphthat.

?A.theladydoesn'tlikethepineappleatfirst

?B.theladylovesthewaythepineappleisarranged

?C.itisnaturalfortheshoptocutthepineappleinhalf

?D.theshopusuallydoesnotsellpartofanitemtoacustomer

(分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00)

A.

B.

C.

D.V

解析：［解析］題干問，由第二段可以推斷出什么。第二段講一位老婦在她喜歡的超市購買菠蘿時，覺得

菠蘿太大后來又很不情愿地放下，后來Ukrop的負(fù)責(zé)人看到了這一情況，并破例將菠蘿賣給她一半。故選

項A、B、C都不準(zhǔn)確。答案為D。

(3).Thethirdstoryinthepassageshows.

?A.thesignificanceofservice

?B.thehighcrimeratesinAurora

?C.theimportanceofpolicework

?D.thecarelessnessofwomendancers

（分?jǐn)?shù):2.00）

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］題干問，文章中第三個故事說明了什么。第三個故事講警察要求舞廳的老板安裝帶鎖的存

物柜，以此來減少盜竊，從而說明了服務(wù)的重要性（意義），而C項“警察工作的重要性”和其他兩項不正

確。答案為A。

（4）.Inaservicebusiness,theproductbeingmarketedis.

?A.abrand

?B.aperson

?C.apromise

?D.aperformance

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.

B.

C.

D.V

解析：［解析］題干問，在服務(wù)企業(yè)中，產(chǎn)品是作為一個什么。由文中最后一段第二句"Servicequality

isthefoundationofservicesmarketing,forthecoreproductbeingmarketedisa

performancewo可知D項正確。答案為D。

（5）.Theauthorsetsforththeargumentofthepassageby.

?A.findingcauses

?B.givingexamples

?C.definingaterm

?D.providingcomparisons

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析：［解析］題干問，作者是如何闡述論點的?？v觀全文可知，前三段都是舉的現(xiàn)實的例子，而最后一

段是作者的觀點。故作者通過舉例來闡述自己的觀點。此類型的題需看全文的結(jié)構(gòu)來做出正確答案。答案

為B。

四、{{B}}Passage2{{/B}}（總題數(shù)：1,分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）

Likemanyofmygeneration,Ihaveaweaknessforheroworship.At

somepoint,however,weallbegintoquestionourheroesandourneed

forthem.Thisleadsustoask:Whatisahero?

Despiteimmensedifferencesincultures,heroesaroundtheworld

generallyshareanumberofcharacteristicsthatinstructandinspire

people.

Aherodoessomethingworthtalkingabout.Aherohasastoryof

adventuretotellandacommunitywhowilllisten.Butaherogoes

beyondmerefame.Heroesservepowersorprincipleslargerthan

themselves.Likehighvoltagetransformers,heroestaketheenergyof

higherpowersandstepitdownsothatitcanbeusedbyordinary

people.

Theherolivesalifeworthyofimitation.Thosewhoimitatea

genuineheroexperiencelifewithnewdepth,enthusiasm,andmeaning.

Asuretestforwould-beheroesiswhatorwhomdotheyserve?What

aretheywillingtoliveanddiefor?Iftheanswerorevidence

suggeststheyserveonlytheirownfame,theymaybefamouspersons

butnotheroes.MadonnaandMichaelJacksonarefamous,butwhowould

claimthattheirfansfindlifemoreabundant?

Heroesarecatalysts（催化齊（J）forchange.Theyhaveavisionfromthe

mountaintop.Theyhavetheskillandthecharmtomovethemasses.

Theycreatenewpossibilities.WithoutGandhi,Indiamightstillbe

partoftheBritishEmpire.WithoutRosaParksandMartinLuther

King,Jr.,wemightstillhavesegregated（實行種族隔離）buses,

restaurants,andparks.Itmaybepossibleforlargescalechangeto

occurwithoutleaderswithmagneticpersonalities,butthepaceof

changewouldbeslow,thevisionuncertain,andthecommittee

meetingsendless.（分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）

（1）.Heroesmaycomefromdifferentcultures,butthey.

?A.generallysharesomeinspiringcharacteristics

?B.probablysharesomeweaknessesofordinarypeople

?C.areofteninfluencedbytheirpreviousgenerations

?D.areoftenpursuedbyalargenumberoffans

（分?jǐn)?shù):2.00）

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］不同文化中英雄的共同點在第二段...generallyshareanumberofcharacteristics

thatinstructandinspirepeople,他們具有許多指導(dǎo)性的，鼓舞人心的品質(zhì)。選項D為famousmen

的特點。答案為A。

（2）.Accordingtothepassage,heroesarecomparedtohigh-voltagetransformersinthat

?A.theyhaveavisionfromthemountaintop

?B.theyhavewarmfeelingsandemotions

?C.theycanserveasconcreteexamplesofnoblestrengths

?D.theycanmakepeoplefeelstrongerandmoreenthusiastic

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.

B.

c.

D.

解析：［解析］題干問文中把英雄比作高壓變壓器的原因。文章第三段中說，Butaherogoesbeyond

merefame.Heroesservepowersorprincipleslargerthanthemselves.Likehighvoltage

transformers,…英雄因為選項C,theycanserveasconcreteexamplesofnoblestrengths,因而

產(chǎn)生選項D的結(jié)果，所以C項符合題意。答案為C。

（3）.MadonnaandMichaelJacksonarenotconsideredheroesbecause.

?A.theydonotimprovetheirfansmorally

?B.theyarepopuIaronlywithcertaingroupsofpeople

?C.theirprimaryconcernistheirownfinancialinterests

?D.theyarenotclearaboutwhatprinciplestheyshouldfollow

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］題干問，為什么邁克爾?杰克遜和麥當(dāng)娜不被認(rèn)為是英雄?文中說，MadonnaandMichael

Jacksonarefamous,butwhowouldclaimthattheirfansfindlifemoreabundant?這句反問句說

他們沒有使歌迷的生活更豐富多彩，即他們沒有從精神上使歌迷得到提高。答案為A。

（4）.GandhiandMartinLutherKingareexamplesofoutstandingleaderswho____.

?A.aregoodatdemonstratingtheircharmingcharacters

?B.arecapableofmeetingallchallengesandhardships

?C.canbringaboutsocialchangesintheirnations

?D.canchangethewholeworldwiththeirskillsandcharms

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析：［解析］甘地和馬丁?路德?金是那些給社會帶來巨大變化的杰出領(lǐng)袖的代表。答案為C。

（5）.Theauthorconcludesthathistoricalchangeswould.

A.bedelayedwithout1eaderswithinspiringpersonalqualities

B.notoccurwithoutheroesmakingthenecessarysacrifices

C.takeplaceiftherewereheroestoleadthepeople

D.produceleaderswithattractivepersonalities

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.J

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］文中說，Itmaybepossibleforlargescalechangetooccurwithoutleaderswith

magneticpersonalities,but...beslow,slow與delay意義相關(guān)。答案為A。

五、{{B}}Passage3{{/B}}（總題數(shù)：1,分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）

Interestinpursuinginternationalcareershassoaredinrecent

years,enhancedbychronic（長久的）personnelshortagesthatare

causingcompaniestosearchbeyondtheirhomebordersfortalent.

Professionalsseekcareerexperienceoutsidetheirhomecountriesfor

avarietyofreasons.Theymayfeeltheneedtorechargetheir

batterieswithanewchallenge.Theymaywantapositionwithmore

responsibilitythatencouragescreativityandinitiative.Ortheymay

wishtoexposetheirchildrentoanotherculture,andtheopportunity

tolearnasecondlanguage.

Whenapplyingforajob,oneusuallyhastosubmitaresumeor

curriculumvitae（CV）.Thetwotermsgenerallymeanthesamething:a

oneortwopagedocumentdescribingone，seducationalqualifications

andprofessionalexperience.However,guidelinesforpreparinga

resumeareconstantlychanging.Thebestadviceistofindoutwhat

isappropriateregardingthecorporateculture,thecountryculture,

andthecultureofthepersonmakingthehiringdecision.The

challengewillbetoembrace（包含）twoormoreculturesinone

document.Thefollowinglistisagoodplacetostart:

Educationalrequirementsdifferfromcountrytocountry.Inalmost

everycaseof"cross-border“jobhunting,juststatingthetitleof

yourdegreewillnotbeanadequatedescription.Providethereader

withdetailsaboutyourstudiesandanyrelatedexperience.

Payattentiontotheresumeformatyouuse:chronologicalorreverse

chronologicalorder.Chronologicalordermeanslistingyour"oldest”

workexperiencefirst.Reversechronologicalordermeanslistingyour

currentormostrecentexperiencefirst.Mostcountrieshave

preferencesaboutwhichformatismostacceptable.Ifyoufindno

specificguidelines,thegeneralpreferenceisforthereverse

chronologicalformat.

IfyouaresubmittingyourresumeinEnglish,findoutifthe

recipient（收件人）usesBritishEnglishorAmericanEnglishbecause

therearevariationsbetweenthetwoversions.Forexample,

universityeducationisoftenreferredtoas"/tertiaryeducation"in

theUnitedKingdom,butthistermisrarelyusedintheUnited

States.Areaderwhoisunfamiliarwiththesevariationsmayassume

thatyourcontainserrors.（分?jǐn)?shù)：io.00）

（1）.Companiesaresearchingfortaientoutsidetheirhomecountriesbecause.

?A.theyneedtoexpandtheirbusinessglobally

?B.theyhavedifficultyhiringemployeesathome

?C.theycanbenefitfrominternationalprofessionals

?D.foreignemployeesaremorecapab1ethanthoseathome

(分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00)

A.J

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］細(xì)節(jié)題?！惫驹趪鈱ふ胰瞬诺脑蚴鞘裁矗俊盇選項“他們需要擴(kuò)大全球業(yè)務(wù)”，是正

確答案。文中第一段說Interestinpursuing...theirhomebordersfortalentoB選項"他們很難在

國內(nèi)雇到員工”：C選項“他們能夠從國際專業(yè)人員中獲利”；D選項“國外的員工比國內(nèi)的員工有能

力”。答案為答

(2).Accordingtothepassage,professionalslookingforinternationalcareers____.

?A.areusuallycreativeandhavetheinitiative

?B.arenolongersatisfiedwiththeirownlifeathome

?C.aimtoimprovetheirforeignlanguageskills

?D.aimatopportunitiesforthemselvesandtheirchiIdren

(分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00)

A.

B.

C.

D.J

解析：［解析］細(xì)節(jié)題?！备鶕?jù)文章內(nèi)容，尋找國際職業(yè)的專業(yè)人員的狀況是什么？"D選項”目標(biāo)是為自

己及子女創(chuàng)造機(jī)會”，是正確答案。文中第二段說Ortheymay...tolearnasecondlanguageoA選項

“通常具有創(chuàng)新性和主動性”；B選項“不滿意國內(nèi)的狀況”；C選項“為了提高外語能力”。答案為

Do

(3).Whenitcomestor6sum6writing,itisadvisableto.

?A.takeculturalfactorsintoconsideration

?B.learnaboutthecompanyJshiringprocess

?C.followappropriateguidelinesforjobhunting

?D.findouttheemployer,spersonallikesanddislikes

(分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00)

A.J

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］細(xì)節(jié)題?！痹趯懞啔v的時候，合理的做法是什么？"A選項“考慮文化因素”，是正確答

案。文中第三段說Thebestadvice...makingthehiringdecision。B選項“了解公司的雇傭程序”；

C選項“按照找工作的恰當(dāng)指南”；D選項“查明雇主的喜好和厭惡”。答案為A。

(4).Whenwritingaboutqualificationsinther6sum6jobapplicantsareadvisedto.

?A.emphasizetheiracademicpotentialtoimpressthedecisionmaker

?B.startwiththetitleofthedegreetheyhaveobtainedathome

?C.provideadetaileddescriptionoftheirstudiesandworkexperiences

?D.showintenseinterestinpursuinginternationalcareers

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析：［解析］細(xì)節(jié)題?！爱?dāng)在簡歷中寫具備條件的時候，申請者被建議怎么做？”C選項“提供關(guān)于自己

學(xué)業(yè)和丁作經(jīng)歷的詳細(xì)描述”,是正確答案。文中第四段說juststating...andanyrelated

experienceoA選項“強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)術(shù)潛力來打動決策者”；B選項“以在國內(nèi)獲得的學(xué)位開頭”；D選項“表

明對尋求國際職業(yè)的強(qiáng)烈興趣”。答案為C。

（5）.Accordingtotheauthor*slastpieceofadvice,jobapplicantsshouldbeawareof

A.thedifferenteducationalsystemsintheUSandtheUK

B.thedifferencesbetweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglish

C.therecipient'spreferencewithregardto"sum。format

D.thedistinctivefeaturesofAmericanandBritishcultures

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.

B.J

C.

D.

解析：［解析］細(xì)節(jié)題。“根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，工作申請者應(yīng)該當(dāng)心什么？"B選項“美式英語和英式英語的差

異”，是正確答案。文中最后一段說Ifyou...betweenthetwoversions。A選項“美國和英國不同的

教育體系”：C選項”接受者對簡歷樣式的偏好”：D選項“美國文化和英國文化的不同”。答案為B。

六、{{B}}Passage4{{/B}}（總題數(shù)：1,分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）

Blamingthemediaforviolenceismisguided.Tobetterunderstandthe

issueofviolenceandsociety,itishelpfultoexamineits

historicalroots.Certainlynotalltribalsocietieswereviolent.

Forexample,manynativetribesintheAmericansouthwestwere

entirelypeaceful.However,formosttribalpeoplethroughoutmostof

theworld,warandviolencehavealwaysbeenpartoflife.Oneofour

oldestbooks,theOldTestament,tellsofconstanttribalwarsamong

thepeoplesoftheMiddleEast.Likewise,ancienttextssuchasthe

GreekIliad,theIndianBhagavadGitaandtheNordicBeowulfalltell

talesofwarandviolence.Certainlythepeoplesofancient

Babylonia,Greece,India,andScandinaviawerenotinfluencedbythe

media,yetmostoftheearliesthumanrecordsindicatethatviolence

hasbeenaneverpresentpartofhumanlife.Sinceviolencewaswith

uslongbeforemodernmedia,itseemsunlikelythatcontrollingthe

medianowwouldhavemuchimpactonstoppinghumanviolence.

Acomparisonofviolenceinnationsaroundtheworldindicatesthat

thereisnorelationshipbetweenmediaviolenceandrealviolence.In

theUnitedStates,in1996,therewere9,390gun-relateddeaths.In

thesameyear,Japanhad15gunrelateddeaths.Yetthelevelof

violenceontelevisioninJapanishigherthanthatintheU.S..

JapaneseTVoftendepictsgraphicviolencethatwouldnotbeallowed

onU.S.television,andJapanesemoviegoersseethesamemajor,

HollywoodfilmsthatAmericanssee,butstreetcrimeissorarein

Tokyothatmostpeopledonotworryaboutit.Incontrast,in

Americancities,peopleingeneral,andwomeninparticular,are

afraidtowalkaloneatnight.Securityisaneverpresentconcernin

theU.S.,wherecitizenslimittheirlivesinnumerouswaystoreduce

thechancesofjoiningthe11,000peoplewhoarekilledbygunsin

Americaeachyear.However,thenumberofmurdersintheU.S.is

smallcomparedtoColumbia,where,forexample,23,000peoplewere

murderedin1999.Columbianshavemuchlessexposuretomedia

violencethaneitherAmericansorJapanese;theyhavefewerTV

stationsandwatchfewerfilms.Indeed,thosecommittingmurdersin

Columbiaareoftenpeoplefromthecountrysidewhohavetheleast

exposuretothemedia.Thuspeoplewhoarenotexposedtothemedia

areoftenmorelikelytocommitviolentcrimesthanthoseexposedto

it.SinceCanadaborderstheU.S.,CanadiansreceivethesameTVand

radioprogramsthatAmericansreceive,yetgunviolenceinCanadais

nearlyonehundredtimeslowerthanthatintheU.S..Clearlythere

isnosignificantrelationshipbetweenmediaviolenceandreallife

violence.Weneedtolookelsewhereforsolutionstoreallife

violence.（分?jǐn)?shù)：io.oo）

（1）.Theauthorcitestheexamplesofancienttextsinthefirstparagraphtoshowthat

A.ancienttextsarejustasviolentasmodernmedia

B.ancientsocietiescouldbebothpeacefulandviolent

C.violencecameintobeinglongbeforemodernmediadid

D.thereismoreviolenceinancientworksthaninthemedia

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析：［解析］題干問，文中第一段作者引用古老文章的例子是為了說明什么。第一段最后一句說明了暴

力在現(xiàn)代媒體之前就已經(jīng)存在很長時間了。答案為C。

(2).TheauthorusesJapanese,ColumbianandCanadianexamplestoshowthatreallife

violenceandmediaviolence.

?A.arenotrelated

?B.arenotserious

?C.affecteachother

?D.aredirectlyrelated

(分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00)

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］題干問，作者用日本人，哥倫比亞人和加拿大人的例子來說明現(xiàn)實生活中的暴力和媒體上

的暴力是怎樣的關(guān)系。由文章第二段最后可知Clearlythereisnosignificantrelationship

betweenmediaviolenceandreallifeviolence。答案為A。

(3).Itcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraphthatthesafestcountryis.

?A.Japan

?B.Canada

?C.Columbia

?D.theU.S.

(分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00)

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］題干問，從第二段可推斷出最安全的國家是哪個。由文中第二段第二句第三句，第六句第

七句和倒數(shù)第三句可推斷出日本是最安全的國家。答案為Ao

(4).Thephrase“reducesthechancesofjoining…〃(para.2)maybereplacedby____.

?A.refusestotakepartin

?B.addstothenumberof

?C.avoidsbecomingoneof

?D.decreasesthenumberof

(分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00)

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析：［解析］題干問，reducesthechancesofjoining是什么意思。在文中找到相關(guān)的句子，其整句

話意思為安全問題在美國是永遠(yuǎn)存在的擔(dān)憂，在美國，許多公民用很多方式限制暴力事件的發(fā)生以減少死

亡，然而每年仍有11000人被槍殺。根據(jù)句意知人們是為了避免自己成為被槍殺的人之一。答案為C。

(5).Accordingtothepassage,thosewhoaretheleastexposedtomediaviolencearecitizens

of.

?A.Japan

?B.theU.S.

?C.Canada

?D.Columbia

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.

B.

C.

D.J

解析：［解析］題干問，根據(jù)此文，哪個國家的公民最不易受媒體暴力的影響。文中第二段中間部分

ColumbianshavemuchlessexposuretomediaviolencethaneitherAmericansorJapanese;they

havefewerTVstationsandwatchfewerfilms.CanadiansreceivethesameTVandradio

programsthatAmericansreceive.答案為D?

七、{{B}}n.SPEEDREADING{{/B}}（總題數(shù):0,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

八、{{B}}Passage5{{/B}}（總題數(shù)：1,分?jǐn)?shù)：5.00）

In1781twelvefamiliestroopednorthfromMexicotoCalifornia.Ona

streamalongthedesert'sedge,theybuiltasettlementcalledLos

Angeles.Formanyyearsitwasamarkettown,wherenearbyfarmers

andranchersmettotrade.Thenin1876arailroadlinkedLosAngeles

toSanFranciscoand,throughSanFrancisco,totherestofthe

country.Thenextyearfarmerssenttheirfirsttrainloadoforanges

east.By1885anewrailroadprovidedadirectroutebetweenLos

AngelesandChicago.

Theninthe1890,soilwasdiscoveredinthecity.Asderrickswent

up,workersbuiltmanyhighwaysandpipelines.Diggingbeganona

harborthatwouldmakeLosAngelesnotonlyanoceanportbutalsoa

fishingcenter.Theharborwascompletedin1914.Thatyearthe

PanamaCanalopened.SuddenlyLosAngeleswasthebusiestportonthe

PacificCoast.

TodaythecityisthemainindustrialcenterintheWest.Itproduces

goodsnotonlyforotherWestCoastcommunitiesbutalsoforthosein

otherpartsofthecountry.Itleadsthenationinmakingairplanes

andequipmentforexploringouterspace.Manymotionpicturesand

televisionprogramsarefilmedinLosAngeles.Thecityisalsothe

businesscenterforstatesintheWest.Improvementsin

transportationarethemainreasonforLosAngeles，growth.（分?jǐn)?shù)：

5.00）

（1）.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasthemaincommercialactivityofLosAngelesduring

theyearsdirectlyfollowingitssettlement?

?A.Fruitgrowing.

?B.Oildrilling.

?C.Fishing.

?D.Trading.

(分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00)

A.

B.

C.

D.J

解析：［解析］細(xì)節(jié)題?！案鶕?jù)原文，在洛杉磯建立后的年份里最主要的商業(yè)活動是什么？"D選項“交

易”。文中說Formanyyearsitwasamarkettown,wherenearbyfarmersandranchersmetto

tradeo其他A選項“水果種植”；B選項“石油開發(fā)”；C選項“打魚”，文中都沒有提到。答案為D。

(2).Accordingtothepassage,inwhichyearwereorangesfirstshippedfromLosAngelesto

theEastCoastbytrain?

?A.1781.

?B.1876.

?C.1877.

?D.1890.

(分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00)

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析：［解析］細(xì)節(jié)題?！案鶕?jù)原文，在哪一年第一次用火車把橘子從洛杉磯運(yùn)到了東海岸？”C選項

“1877"。文中說"Thenin1876...theirfirsttrainloadoforangeseast.”可推斷出應(yīng)為1876年

的下一年。答案為C。

(3).SanFranciscoismentionedinthepassageforwhichofthefollowingreasons?

?A.ThesettlerswhofoundedLosAngelescamefromSanFrancisco.

?B.SanFranciscolinkedLosAngeleswiththerestofthecountry.

?C.SanFranciscowasamarkettownwherefarmerscametotrade.

?D.OilwasdiscoveredinSanFranciscointhe1890's.

(分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00)

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析：［解析］細(xì)節(jié)題?！笆ジダ饰魉箍嗽诒疚闹斜惶峒笆怯捎谑裁丛?？"B選項“圣弗朗西斯克把洛杉

磯與國家的其他地方連接在了一起“。文中說“Thenin1876arailroadlinkedLosAngelestoSan

Franciscoand,throughSanFrancisco,totherestofthecountry"。A選項“洛杉磯的建立者來

自圣弗朗西斯克”；C選項“圣弗朗西斯克是一個農(nóng)民們來交易的市場”；D選項“1890年，在圣弗朗西

斯克發(fā)現(xiàn)了石油"。答案為B。

(4).WhereinthepassagedoestheauthorstatetheprincipalcauseoftheexpansionofLos

Angeles?

?A.Line7.

?B.Line9.

?C.Line13.

?D.Lines14-15.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析：［解析］細(xì)節(jié)題?！拔闹?，作者陳述洛杉磯擴(kuò)張的主要原因在第幾行？”B選項“第九行”。文中說

Theninthe1890*soilwasdiscoveredinthecity.Asderrickswentup,workersbuiltmany

highwaysandpipelines,可見由于這個城市發(fā)現(xiàn)了石油，所以才快速地擴(kuò)展起來。答案為B。

（5）.Thepassagemainlytalksabout.

?A.ThedevelopmentprovinceofLosAngeles

?B.TherelationshipbetweenLosAngelesandothercountries

?C.TherelationshipbetweenLosAngelesandPanamaCanal

?D.DerrickswereusedinLosAngelesinanearlytime

（分?jǐn)?shù)：LOO）

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］主旨題。”這段文章主要談?wù)摿耸裁??！蔽恼乱月迳即壸畛醯慕灰滓恍藿ㄨF路一對外交易

一發(fā)現(xiàn)石油一修建高速公路和管道―巴拿馬運(yùn)河的開通—西方主要工業(yè)國，這條主線貫穿全文，因此，也

是本文重點談?wù)摰膯栴}。答案為A。

九、{{B}}Passage6{{/B}}（總題數(shù)：1,分?jǐn)?shù):5.00）

Ineverysocietyitisnecessarytohaveageneralsystemoflawsto

ensurejustice.Lawsaredesignedtomakecertainthatpeople*s

rightsareprotectedandthatpeoplerespecteachother，srights.

Sometimes,however,lawsarepassedwhicharespecifictoatimeor

situation.Forexample,atowninIndianaoncepassedalawmakingit

illegaltoshootopenacanoffood.Apparently,somegun-carrying

citizensforgottheircanopenersandnaturallyenough,usedtheir

gunstodothejob.Thisdisturbedothercitizens,andendangered

theirlives,soalawwaspassedtopreventit.

Specificlawssometimesremaininexistencelongaftertheproblem

hasdisappeared.Thelawsthenseemstrange.Forexample,theIndiana

lawwasnolongernecessarywhencitizensstoppedcarryinggunsand

usingthemascan-openers.Sincethelawwasnolongerneeded,what

oncemadesensenowseemslikenonsense.

Sometimeslawsdesignedtoserveagoodpurposewerepassedbut

somehowthesebecamemixedupintheir.wording.Asaresult,the

lawsdon'tmakesense.Inonestatethereisalawwhichsaysthatit

is"illegaltomoveortoattempttomoveamotorvehicle.z，

Obviously,amassivetrafficjamwouldoccurifeveryonesuddenly

obeyedthatlaw.Butnoonedoes,ofcourse,becausetheintentionof

thelawwasnottopreventownersfrommovingtheirowncars.Itwas

topreventpeoplefrommoving(stealing)otherpeople'scars.Itis

oftenhardertorepealalawthantopassone,somanyoftheseold

lawsremaininexistence.Becausetheynolongerfitthewaypeople

liveorbecausetheproblemnolongerexists,theselawsareignored.

Everyoneunderstandsthatandlifegoeson.Thus,lawsthatoncemade

verygoodsensenowseemlikenonsense.(分?jǐn)?shù)：5.oo)

(1).Accordingtothepassage,lawsaredesignedforthepurposeof.

?A.protectingpeople,srights

?B.makingpeoplerespecteachother

?C.openingthecansoffood

?D.punishingcriminals

(分?jǐn)?shù)：LOO)

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章在第一段的第二句話中說道：Lawsaredesignedtomakecertain

thatpeople*srightsareprotectedandthatpeoplerespecteachother*srights.意思是指：制

定法律的目的就是要保護(hù)公民的權(quán)益和促使公民來尊重彼此的權(quán)利。答案為Ao

(2).Theword"job"inparagraph1refersto_____.

?A.working

?B.shooting

?C.openingthefoodcans

?D.disturbingothers

(分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00)

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析：［解析］詞義理解題。文章第一段的第5行中說道：印第安納的一個城鎮(zhèn)曾經(jīng)制定一項法律，通過

使用槍支射擊來打開罐頭食品是不合法的。很顯然，這項法律的制定就是源于有些帶槍的居民忘記了開罐

器，而使用隨身的槍支來打開罐頭食品?？梢?，這里的job就是指打開罐頭食品這件事。答案為C。

(3).TheauthorusedtheIndianalawasanexampletoexplain.

A.howsomelawsarepassedandchanged

?B.howpeopleinIndianaopencans

?C.whysomelawsmayseemstrange

?D.whypeopleinIndiananolongerusetheirguns

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析：［解析］主旨大意題。作者先是在文章第一段中講述了印第