18.1《統(tǒng)計(jì)的初步認(rèn)識(shí)》1省公開(kāi)課一等獎(jiǎng)全國(guó)示范課微課金獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

18.1統(tǒng)計(jì)初步知識(shí)/hospital_12707/articles.html/hospital_12701/articles.html/hospital_13011/articles.html/hospital_4961/articles.html/hospital_12732/articles.html/hospital_12796/articles.html/hospital_4801/articles.html/hospital_2848/articles.html/hospital_7778/articles.html/hospital_12897/articles.html/hospital_12767/articles.html/hospital_13056/articles.html/hospital_5185/articles.html/hospital_12523/articles.html/hospital_13217/articles.html/hospital_2823/articles.html/hospital_12706/articles.html/hospital_12596/articles.html/hospital_13216/articles.html/hospital_8185/articles.html/hospital_12702/articles.html/hospital_12536/articles.html/hospital_12740/articles.html/hospital_12829/articles.html/hospital_12516/articles.html/hospital_12518/articles.html/hospital_12493/articles.html/hospital_2909/articles.html/hospital_13221/articles.html/hospital_12577/articles.html/hospital_12869/articles.html/hospital_13222/articles.html/hospital_3394/articles.html/hospital_12584/articles.html/hospital_12705/articles.html/hospital_12690/articles.html/hospital_3369/articles.html/hospital_12858/articles.html/hospital_2816/articles.html/hospital_13086/articles.html/hospital_12588/articles.html/hospital_13054/articles.html/hospital_7924/articles.html/hospital_12908/articles.html/hospital_7936/articles.html/hospital_8210/articles.html/hospital_2931/articles.html/hospital_5222/articles.html/hospital_13231/articles.html/hospital_12968/articles.html/hospital_4992/articles.html/hospital_12822/articles.html/hospital_12652/articles.html/hospital_3376/articles.html/hospital_3317/articles.html/hospital_4865/articles.html/hospital_2946/articles.html/hospital_12749/articles.html/hospital_3221/articles.html/hospital_12729/articles.html/hospital_13253/articles.html/hospital_12752/articles.html/hospital_12521/articles.html/hospital_7919/articles.html/hospital_12654/articles.html/hospital_12816/articles.html/hospital_12877/articles.html/hospital_13241/articles.html/hospital_4554/articles.html/hospital_2807/articles.html/hospital_12794/articles.html/hospital_12500/articles.html/hospital_12715/articles.html/hospital_4763/articles.html/hospital_13248/articles.html/hospital_2932/articles.html/hospital_12508/articles.html/hospital_13083/articles.html/hospital_12756/articles.html/hospital_3405/articles.html/hospital_8394/articles.html/hospital_5187/articles.html/hospital_13246/articles.html/hospital_12769/articles.html/hospital_12645/articles.html/hospital_5192/articles.html/hospital_5166/articles.html/hospital_8363/articles.html/hospital_3222/articles.html/hospital_12688/articles.html/hospital_4883/articles.html/hospital_6076/articles.html/hospital_14084/articles.html/hospital_2902/articles.html/hospital_13205/articles.html/hospital_12562/articles.html1/21

在課堂上，老師布置了一道練習(xí)題．過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，老師可能要經(jīng)過(guò)什么方式了解大家完成情況．

處理這些實(shí)際問(wèn)題就是數(shù)據(jù)搜集、數(shù)據(jù)分析、進(jìn)行決議統(tǒng)計(jì)過(guò)程。一個(gè)是巡視，一個(gè)是請(qǐng)同學(xué)舉手示意．2/21

數(shù)學(xué)是一門(mén)主要學(xué)科．采取什么方法能夠了解全班同學(xué)對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)喜歡程度呢？讓我們做一次調(diào)查，統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)，看看有什么結(jié)果．我們需要分幾個(gè)步驟進(jìn)行？問(wèn)題選項(xiàng)代號(hào)喜歡1比較喜歡2無(wú)所謂3不喜歡43/21明確調(diào)查問(wèn)題設(shè)計(jì)調(diào)查選項(xiàng)確定調(diào)查范圍選擇調(diào)查方式實(shí)施調(diào)查匯總調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)表示調(diào)查結(jié)果有多少人喜歡數(shù)學(xué)喜歡、比較喜歡、無(wú)所謂、不喜歡全班同學(xué)以不計(jì)名方式填寫(xiě)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查表每人在自己選定選項(xiàng)代號(hào)上畫(huà)“√”用畫(huà)“正”字方式統(tǒng)計(jì)各選項(xiàng)人數(shù)用統(tǒng)計(jì)表或統(tǒng)計(jì)圖表示調(diào)查結(jié)果4/21請(qǐng)使用下面統(tǒng)計(jì)表和統(tǒng)計(jì)圖表示你所調(diào)查得到數(shù)據(jù)．選項(xiàng)畫(huà)“正”字計(jì)數(shù)人數(shù)／名百分比喜歡比較喜歡無(wú)所謂不喜歡累計(jì)人數(shù)／名喜歡不喜歡比較喜歡無(wú)所謂統(tǒng)計(jì)表統(tǒng)計(jì)圖5/21實(shí)際問(wèn)題搜集數(shù)據(jù)整理數(shù)據(jù)表示數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析合理決議大家談?wù)勗鯓犹幚硐嚓P(guān)這方面問(wèn)題6/21馬上元旦就要到了，班級(jí)要舉行元旦聯(lián)歡會(huì)，假如由你來(lái)策劃這次活動(dòng)，你將怎樣安排節(jié)目呢？調(diào)查問(wèn)卷你最喜歡什么節(jié)目形式（只選一項(xiàng)）：（）Ａ．歌曲Ｂ．器樂(lè)Ｃ．舞蹈Ｄ．戲曲Ｅ．相聲、小品填好后，請(qǐng)將問(wèn)卷交給班長(zhǎng)．謝謝合作！想一想7/21AAAABCCADEAEBBACACDACCCBCABDBABAADBCCADACCBADECBAADAABEDABDACCBACADBE下面是我們班調(diào)查得到數(shù)據(jù)8/21設(shè)計(jì)調(diào)查問(wèn)卷：１．明確調(diào)查對(duì)象２．明確調(diào)查目標(biāo)３．依據(jù)調(diào)查對(duì)象和目，決定調(diào)查問(wèn)卷內(nèi)容與問(wèn)題４．注明問(wèn)卷收交方式與時(shí)間等9/21思索假如還想深入知道男女同學(xué)最喜歡節(jié)目有什么不一樣，應(yīng)怎樣設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)卷呢？調(diào)查問(wèn)卷你性別（）Ａ．男Ｂ．女你最喜歡什么節(jié)目形式（只選一項(xiàng)）：（）Ａ．歌曲Ｂ．器樂(lè)Ｃ．舞蹈Ｄ．戲曲Ｅ．相聲、小品填好后，請(qǐng)將問(wèn)卷交給班長(zhǎng)．謝謝合作！10/21問(wèn)卷調(diào)查是搜集數(shù)據(jù)一個(gè)主要方式，另外，你還知道什么方法來(lái)搜集數(shù)據(jù)嗎？訪問(wèn)觀察查閱資料試驗(yàn)測(cè)量11/21

請(qǐng)把左邊要獲取數(shù)據(jù)事件與右邊獲取數(shù)據(jù)方法用線連接。觀察測(cè)量試驗(yàn)調(diào)查

一周來(lái)小明家天天用電量9：00~11：00在某交通路口闖紅燈次數(shù)七年級(jí)（2）班同學(xué)最喜愛(ài)體育活動(dòng)

拋擲100次硬幣正面朝上和正面朝下次數(shù)試一試：12/21問(wèn)一問(wèn)搜集數(shù)據(jù)路徑中，直接路徑包含那些？間接路徑包含那些？直接路徑有：間接路徑有：觀察、測(cè)量、調(diào)查、試驗(yàn)、訪問(wèn)；查閱資料（查閱文件資料、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)等）。（訪問(wèn)、測(cè)量、調(diào)查、試驗(yàn)、查閱資料、觀察）13/21學(xué)以致用應(yīng)用二應(yīng)用一14/21以“你知道父母生日嗎？”為主題在班級(jí)進(jìn)行調(diào)查，請(qǐng)?jiān)O(shè)計(jì)一張問(wèn)卷調(diào)查表，并把你構(gòu)想和同學(xué)們交流。開(kāi)動(dòng)腦筋

調(diào)查問(wèn)卷你知道父母生日嗎？（）A.知道B.不知道填好后請(qǐng)將問(wèn)卷交給班長(zhǎng)，謝謝合作！15/21搜集以下數(shù)據(jù)你會(huì)采取什么方法?①我國(guó)在近幾屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)上所取得金牌數(shù)②班級(jí)同學(xué)出生年月；③某種品牌飲料受歡迎程度；④下午放學(xué)后１h內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)上人數(shù)；⑤中考結(jié)束后小明想了解今年阜南縣各普高錄用分?jǐn)?shù)線。再接再厲：查閱資料問(wèn)卷調(diào)查或訪問(wèn)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查或訪問(wèn)觀察查閱文件資料、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)16/21在前面活動(dòng)中，全班同學(xué)喜愛(ài)文藝節(jié)目標(biāo)情況，它考查對(duì)象是全體對(duì)象，像這么對(duì)全體對(duì)象進(jìn)行考查調(diào)查方法就是全方面調(diào)查（普查）．它是搜集數(shù)據(jù)主要方法之一全面調(diào)查（普查）如：我國(guó)政府定時(shí)進(jìn)行人口普查為處理身邊問(wèn)題需要進(jìn)行全方面調(diào)查，如：同學(xué)們?cè)绯砍栽绮颓闆r，中午休息情況等。17/21以下哪些屬于全方面調(diào)查（普查）呢？１實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)為了解學(xué)校學(xué)生對(duì)新教材意見(jiàn)，向每位使用新教材學(xué)生發(fā)意見(jiàn)咨詢表２調(diào)查一批新生產(chǎn)炸彈殺傷威力４了解我班同學(xué)周末時(shí)間是怎樣安排３在初中生中調(diào)查我國(guó)學(xué)生業(yè)余時(shí)間娛樂(lè)主要方式。試一試（１）（４）18/21普查能夠搜集到較全方面、準(zhǔn)確數(shù)據(jù)，但普查工作量大，有時(shí)受客觀條件限制難以進(jìn)行；有時(shí)因?yàn)檎{(diào)查含有破壞性，不允許采取。在這些情況下經(jīng)常采取什么方式取得數(shù)據(jù)呢？采取抽樣調(diào)查方式比如：調(diào)查全國(guó)中小學(xué)生視力情況從被考查全體對(duì)象中抽出一部分對(duì)象進(jìn)行考查方式叫做抽樣調(diào)查。