河南省豫南九校2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語上學(xué)期第三次聯(lián)考11月試題含解析

PAGEPAGE25河南省豫南九校2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語上學(xué)期第三次聯(lián)考（11月）試題（含解析）（考試時(shí)間：100分鐘試卷滿分：120分）第一部分聽力（略）其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHowtoBeaSpaceExplorer$17.99Shipsin1-2businessdaysBuckleup!HowtoBeaSpaceExplorerisapracticalbookforallaspiring（有理想的）astronauts,packedwithjaw-droppingstoriesfromreal-lifespaceexploration.Learnhowtonavigate（導(dǎo)航）blackholes,slingshotaroundJupiterandsurvivethefreezingdepthsofspace.Suitableforchildrenages8-12.AdventuresinColdPlaces$9.99Shipsin1—2businessdaysBrrr,comeandexploresomeofthecoldestplacesintheworld!ExplorereindeerinRussia,penguinsinAntarctica!Decoratereallifelocations,likethewinterysceneinMontreal,chillyicesculptures（雕塑）inChina,polarbearsintheNorthPoleandmorecoldplaceswithover250reusablestickers.Suitableforchildrenages3-5.MyTravelJournal$12.99Shipsin1—2businessdaysNeverforgetanadventurewiththisbrightandboldjournalfromLonelyPlanetKids.Packedwithwritingtopicsuggestions,liststocomplete,ideasforgettingthecreativejuicesflowingandlotsmorefill-infun,thisistheperfectwayforyoungtravelerstorecordtheirmemoriesfromatrip.Suitableforchildrenages5-7.AdventuresaroundtheGlobe$12.99Shipsin1—2businessdaysComeandexploretheruinsofMachuPicchu,thecanalsofVeniceandthebrightlightsofNewYork.Decoratereal-lifelocations,likethesacredriverGangesinIndiaorthemosaicsofParkGuellinSpain.Withover250stickers,yourglobe-trottingadventureisabouttobegin!Enjoyhoursoffungames,mapsandpuzzles.Suitableforchildrenages3-5.1.WhowouldliketoreadHowtoBeaSpaceExplorer?A.Astronautswhoareyoung. B.Studentswholiketravellingaround.C.Peoplewholovereadingverymuch. D.Childrenwhoareinterestedinspace.2.Thecheapestbookmentionedinthetextis_______.A.MyTravelJournal. B.AdventuresinColdPlaces.C.HowtoBeaSpaceExplorer D.AdventuresaroundtheGlobe.3.WhatisspecialaboutMyTravelJournal?A.Ithasspacetowrite,drawandcolor.B.Itoffersalotofpopulardestinations.C.Itshowsseveralgreatplacesofinterest.D.Itispackedwithmanyrecordstolistento.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了和探究有關(guān)的幾本書籍。【1題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文中第一段句子，“HowtoBeaSpaceExplorerisapracticalbookforallaspiring（有理想的）astronauts,packedwithjaw-droppingstoriesfromreal-lifespaceexploration.”《如何成為太空探究者》是一本適合全部有理想成為宇航員的好用書籍，書中充溢了現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中太空探究的令人瞠目結(jié)舌的故事。由此推斷出。對(duì)太空感愛好的孩子想要讀如何成為太空探究者》。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。本文中每本書的介紹都涉及相關(guān)的價(jià)格，通過比較發(fā)覺，AdventuresaroundtheGlobe的價(jià)格“$9.99”是最便宜的。故選B?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)“MyTravelJournal”這本書的介紹中的“.Packedwithwritingtopicsuggestions,liststocomplete,ideasforgettingthecreativejuicesflowingandlotsmorefill-infun,thisistheperfectwayforyoungtravelerstorecordtheirmemoriesfromatrip.”可知，對(duì)于年輕的旅行者來說，寫下更多好玩的想法和建議是一種完備的方式，可以讓他們的旅行充溢樂趣。由此推斷出該書有留下的版面讓讀者去寫、畫或涂色。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】BEverseenagreatchampionboxerlikeMannyPacquiao?Withhisspeedandpower,hehasconqueredlotsofothergreatboxersofthe21stcentury.Inbetweenfights,hekeepshistrainingandstrengthensitwhenanotherfightapproaches.Justlikeaboxer,wetoo,comefacetofacewithmanycompetitorsinthearenaoflife―problemsanddifficulties.Thebadnewsisthatwedon'treallyknowwhentheyoccur.Hereareseveralreasonswhyyoushouldtrainyourselfforsuccesslikeachampionboxer!Youdon'tpracticeinthearena;that'swhereyourskillsandyourabilitiesareevaluated.Thisalsomeansthatyoudon'tpracticesolvingproblemsanddevelopingyourselfwhenproblemsoccur;youprepareyourselftofacethemlongbeforeyouactuallyfacethem.Talentisgoodbuttrainingisevenbetter.Backincollege,oneofmyclassmatesinPoliticalSciencedidn'tbringanytextbookornotebookinourclasses;hejustlistenedandparticipatedindiscussions.WhatIdidn'tunderstandwashowhebecameatopstudent!Obviously,hewasgiftedwithagreatmemoryandanalyticalskills.Inshort,hewastalented.Ifyouaretalented,youmaybeneedlesspreparationandtrainingtimeinfacinglife'schallenges.Butevenforpeoplewhoaretalented,trainingandlearningareimportant.Avoidthelazyperson'smaxim:“Ifitisn'tbroken,whyfixit?”Whywaitforyourrooftoleakintherainyseasonwhenyoucanfixitrightaway?Trainingenablesyoutogainintuitionandreflexes.Withouttraining,youwillmessup.Withouttraining,youwon'tbeabletoanticipatehowyourenemywillhityou.Youwilllosecontrolofyourracecarafterthefirstlap.Withtraining,youlowerthepossibilityoftheseaccidents.Keepinmindthattrainingisborneoutofself-commandandstrongwill.Evenifyoumeetwithsomesetbacksinyourtraining,ifyoukeepatitandpersevere,youwillsoonseeresultsinyourlifeandwhenproblemscome,youwillbelikethechampionboxerwhostandstallandfightsuntilthefinalroundisoverandyou'reproclaimedasthechampion!4.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A.Tobecomeatopboxerisn'teasy. B.Weshouldtrainourselvesforsuccess.C.Lifeisfullofproblemsanddifficulties. D.Talentismoreimportantthantrainingforsuccess.5.Whydoestheauthormentionhisclassmate?A.Tointroducehisclassmateslearningmethods.B.Toproveanaveragepersondoesn'tneedmoretraining.C.Toproveeventalentedpeoplealsoneedtraining.D.Toshowrespectforhisclassmate.6.Whichistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“anticipate”inParagraph7?A.predict B.avoid C.understand D.defeat7.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.Victorydependsonthepositiveattitudetotraining.B.Ifsnormaltomeetwithsomedifficultiesintraining.C.Boxersoftenwinthevictorybypersevering.D.Perseveranceintrainingisveryimportant.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】本文是一篇說明文。就像一個(gè)拳擊手，我們也會(huì)在生活的舞臺(tái)上面對(duì)很多競爭者——問題和困難。壞消息是，我們真的不知道它們什么時(shí)候會(huì)發(fā)生。文章講解并描述了應(yīng)當(dāng)為了勝利而訓(xùn)練自己的幾點(diǎn)緣由。【4題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第三段“Hereareseveralreasonswhyyoushouldtrainyourselfforsuccesslikeachampionboxer!(這里有幾個(gè)你應(yīng)當(dāng)訓(xùn)練自己像拳擊手冠軍一樣勝利的理由！)”結(jié)合文章主要說明白就像一個(gè)拳擊手，我們也會(huì)在生活的舞臺(tái)上面對(duì)很多競爭者——問題和困難。壞消息是，我們真的不知道它們什么時(shí)候會(huì)發(fā)生。文章講解并描述了應(yīng)當(dāng)為了勝利而訓(xùn)練自己的幾點(diǎn)緣由。可知，文章主要說明白為了勝利，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)訓(xùn)練自己。故選B?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第六段中“Ifyouaretalented,youmaybeneedlesspreparationandtrainingtimeinfacinglife'schallenges.Butevenforpeoplewhoaretalented,trainingandlearningareimportant.(假如你有天賦，你可能須要較少的打算和訓(xùn)練時(shí)間來面對(duì)生活的挑戰(zhàn)。但即使對(duì)有天賦的人來說，訓(xùn)練和學(xué)習(xí)也很重要)”可推知，作者提到他的同學(xué)，是為了證明即使是天才也須要訓(xùn)練。故選C。【6題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫線詞上文“Withouttraining,youwon'tbeableto”以及后文“howyourenemywillhityou.Youwilllosecontrolofyourracecarafterthefirstlap.Withtraining,youlowerthepossibilityoftheseaccidents.”可知沒有訓(xùn)練，你將無法預(yù)料你的敵人將如何攻擊你。在跑完第一圈后，你會(huì)失去對(duì)賽車的限制。通過訓(xùn)練，你可以降低這些事故發(fā)生的可能性。故畫線詞意思為“預(yù)料”。A.predict預(yù)料；B.avoid避開；C.understand理解；D.defeat擊敗。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中“Evenifyoumeetwithsomesetbacksinyourtraining,ifyoukeepatitandpersevere,youwillsoonseeresultsinyourlifeandwhenproblemscome,youwillbelikethechampionboxerwhostandstallandfightsuntilthefinalroundisoverandyou'reproclaimedasthechampion!(即使在訓(xùn)練中遇到一些挫折，只要你堅(jiān)持不懈，持之以恒，很快就會(huì)在生活中看到成效，當(dāng)問題來臨時(shí)，你就會(huì)像冠軍拳擊手一樣，昂首挺胸，奮力拼搏，直到最終一回合結(jié)束，宣布你是冠軍！)”可知，堅(jiān)持訓(xùn)練是特別重要的。故選D。CAswithmanyetymologies(詞源),theexactrootofthiswordisdifficulttosaywithonehundredpercentcertainty.However,theleadingtheoryisextremelybelievableandbackedupbyafairbitofdocumentedevidence.Specially,itisthoughtthatadollariscalleda“buck”thankstodeer.Oneoftheearliestreferencesofthiswasin1748,44yearsbeforethefirstUSdollarwascreated,wherethereisareferencetotheexchangerateforacastofalcoholicdrinktradedtoNativeAmericansbeing“5bucks”,referringtodeerskin.Inyetanotherdocumentedreferencefrom1748,aboutConradWeiser,whiletravelingthroughpresentdayOhio,notedinhisjournalthatsomeonehadbeen“robbedofthevalueof300Bucks”.Atthistime,abuckskinwasacommonmediumofexchange.Thereisalsoevidentthata“buck”didn’tsimplymeanonedeerskin,butmayhavemeantmultipleskin,dependingonquality.Forinstance,skinfromdeerkilledinthewinterwereconsideredsuperiortothosekilledinthesummer,duetothefurbeingthicker.Itisthoughtthatthehighestqualityskinsgenerallyhadaonetoonevalueatasinglebuck.Thespecificvalueforgivensetsofskinswasthensetattrading.Inaddition,whentheskinwasfromanotheranimal,thenumberofskinsrequiredtoequalabuckvariedbasedontheanimalandthequalityoftheskins.Forinstance,thereisonedocumentedtradewheretwelvehigh-qualityrabbitskinequaledonebuck.ThisuseofskinsasamediumofexchangegraduallydieoffoverthenextcenturyasmoreandmoreEuropeansmovedinandbuilttownsandcities.OncetheUSdollarwasofficiallyintroducedafterthepassingoftheCoinageActof1782,itquicklybecametheleadingitemusedasamediumofexchange,buttheterm“buck”stuckaroundandbythemid-nineteenthcenturywasbeingusedasaninformaltermfordollar.8.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat_______.A.thefirstdollarwasmadefromadeerskinB.askinfromanyanimalwasvaluedatabuckC.thequalityofadeerskinvariedwiththechangeofseasons.D.deerskinsweretheonlymediumfortradinginthe1970s9.Whendidtheuseofskinsasacommonmediumofexchangedieoff?A.AsmoreandmoreEuropeanssettledinAmerica.B.WhentheCoinageActof1792waspassed.C.Whenthebucksdiedoutinthe1950s.D.AstheUSdollarwasofficiallyintroduced.10.Theauthordevelopsthistextmainlyby_______.A.analyzingcauses B.followingtheorderofimportanceC.makingcomparison D.followingtheorderoftime11.Thetextismainlyabout_______.A.whenthedollarfirstappeared B.whyadollariscalledabuckC.Whatadollarwasworthinthepast D.howtheworddollarcameintobeing【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講解并描述了一美元被稱為abuck的緣由?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中“Forinstance,skinfromdeerkilledinthewinterwereconsideredsuperiortothosekilledinthesummer,duetothefurbeingthicker.”（例如，冬天殺死的鹿的皮被認(rèn)為比夏天殺死的鹿的皮更厚。）可知，鹿皮的品質(zhì)隨著季節(jié)的改變而改變。故選C。9題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段第一句“ThisuseofskinsasamediumofexchangegraduallydieoffoverthenextcenturyasmoreandmoreEuropeansmovedinandbuilttownsandcities.”（隨著越來越多的歐洲人遷入并建立城鎮(zhèn)和城市，這種運(yùn)用皮膚作為交換媒介的做法在下個(gè)世紀(jì)漸漸消逝。）可知，當(dāng)越來越多的歐洲人定居美國后，毛皮作為交易媒介的作用也漸漸消逝了。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段“Oneoftheearliestreferencesofthiswasin1748”（最早的記載是在1748年），文章第三段“Inyetanotherdocumentedreferencefrom1748”（在另一份1748年的記錄中）和文章第五段“OncetheUSdollarwasofficiallyintroducedafterthepassingoftheCoinageActof1782,itquicklybecametheleadingitemusedasamediumofexchange,buttheterm“buck”stuckaroundandbythemid-nineteenthcenturywasbeingusedasaninformaltermfordollar.”（1782年《貨幣法》(CoinageAct)通過后，美元正式被引入市場(chǎng)，它很快成為主要的交易媒介，但“buck”一詞始終沿用至今，直到19世紀(jì)中期，它才被用作美元的非正式稱謂。）可推知，文章是按時(shí)間依次來組織行文的。故選D。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要圍繞buck綻開。依據(jù)第一段最終一句“Specially,itisthoughtthatadollariscalleda“buck”thankstodeer.”以及下文主要講解并描述buck作為物物交換的媒介，由此可知本文在說明一美元被稱為abuck的緣由。故選B。DAnewdeviceworkslikeasolarpanel,exceptitdoesn'tharvestenergyfromthesun.Itcapturesenergyfromthecoldnightsky.Aprototype（雛形）ofthedeviceproducedenoughelectricityatnighttopowerasmalllightbulb.Abiggerversionmightonedaylightroomsorchargephones.Itcouldalsopowerelectronicsinremoteorlow-resourceareasthatlackelectricity.Thedevicemakesuseofthetemperaturedifferencebetweentheearthandouterspacetocreateelectricity.Aslongasonesideofitiscoolerthantheother,thegeneratorcanproduceelectricity.Thecoolersidefacestheskyandisattachedtoanaluminumplate.Thatplateissealedbeneathatransparentcoverandsurroundedwithinsulation（隔熱材料）tokeepoutheat.Thebottomofthegeneratorisattachedtoanexposedaluminum（鋁）plate.Thatplateiswarmedbythelocalair.Atnight,thetopplatecangetacoupleofdegreesCelsiuscoolerthanthebottomofthegenerator.Researcherstesteda20-centimeterprototypeoneclearDecembernightinStanfordUniversity,California.Thegeneratorproducedupto25milliwattsofpowerpersquaremeterofthedevice.Thatwasenoughpowertolightasmalllightemittingdiode（發(fā)光二極管），oraLEDbulb.Furtherimprovementsmightincreaseitsproductiontoatleast500milliwattspersquaremeter.Thesystemmightneedmoreinsulationaroundthecool,topplatetodothat.“Thedevicecouldalsohelppowerremoteweatherstationsorotherenvironmentaldevices,"saysAaswathRaman.HeisamaterialscientistwhoworksonthedeviceattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles."Thismaybeusefulinpolarregionswherepeoplecan'tseesunlightformonths,“Ramansays."Ifyouhavesomelow-powerdevicesandyouneedtopowerthemthroughthreemonthsofdarkness,thismightbeaway.”12.WhatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinParagraph3?A.Applicationfieldsofthedevice.B.Thedevelopingprocessofthedevice.C.Theworkingprincipleofthedevice.D.Significanteffectsofthedevice.13.Howcanresearchersmakethedeviceproducemoreelectricity?A.Byputtingmoreinsulationaroundthetopplate.B.Byusingitinextremelycoldandclearnights.C.Byattachingthebottomplatetoawarmplate.D.Bycoveringthetopplatewithatransparentlid.14.What'sRaman'sattitudetothenewdevice?A.Doubtful. B.Hopeful. C.Negative. D.Ambiguous.15.Whatcouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ADeviceUsingtheColdNightSkytoProduceElectricityB.ADeviceBringingNewHopeforThoseintheColdNightC.TheDifferencesBetweenaSolarPanelandaNewDeviceD.TheTemperatureDifferencebetweentheEarthandOuterSpace【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.A【解析】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種新型發(fā)電裝置。這種裝置可以從寒冷的夜空中收集能量，利用地球和外層空間的溫差來發(fā)電。【12題詳解】主旨大意題。文章第三段中提到“Thedevicemakesuseofthetemperaturedifferencebetweentheearthandouterspacetocreateelectricity.Aslongasonesideofitiscoolerthantheother,thegeneratorcanproduceelectricity.（該裝置利用地球和外層空間的溫差來發(fā)電。只要它的一邊比另一邊冷，發(fā)電機(jī)就能發(fā)電）”。由此可知，該段主要說明白這種新裝置是如何發(fā)電的工作原理。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中“Furtherimprovementsmightincreaseitsproduction…Thesystemmightneedmoreinsulationaroundthecooltopplatetodothat”可知，探討人員可以做出進(jìn)一步的改進(jìn)，使該設(shè)備產(chǎn)生更多的電能。為了做到這一點(diǎn)，該系統(tǒng)可能在冷卻的頂板四周須要更多的絕緣材料。故選A。【14題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一段中Raman所說的話“Thedevicecouldalsohelppowerremoteweatherstationsorotherenvironmentaldevices（該設(shè)備還可以幫助遠(yuǎn)程氣象站或其他環(huán)境方面的設(shè)備供電。）”可知，Raman認(rèn)為這種新的裝置可以應(yīng)用到更多的領(lǐng)域。由此可以推斷，他對(duì)這種裝置的前景是充溢希望的。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，文章第一段提到“Itcapturesenergyfromthecoldnightsky”，這種新裝置可以從寒冷的夜空中收集能量；第三段提到這種新裝置的工作原理“Thedevicemakesuseofthetemperaturedifferencebetweentheearthandouterspacetocreateelectricity”；第四段提到對(duì)這種新裝置作出的進(jìn)一步探討；第五段提到這種新裝置的更多的用途。由此可知，文章是介紹一種利用地球與外太空的溫差發(fā)電的新裝置。因此文章的標(biāo)題應(yīng)當(dāng)為“ADeviceUsingtheColdNightSkytoProduceElectricity（一種利用寒冷夜空發(fā)電的裝置）”故選A。其次節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Foreachworkingperson,thescarcestresourceisyourdailytime.Youmayfeellikethatyoudonothaveenoughhoursintheday,onlyendlessthingstodo,andyoucanalwaysfindmorethingswaitingforyoutodo.Ofcourse,someofthesethingsarenotpartofyourjob,suchasothercolleaguesaskingforyourhelporbossesmakingnewdemands.___16___Justbydoingthefollowingthreesteps,youcanusuallymakeyourselfandtheotherpersoncomfortablewhilerefusingthem.Step1:ListeningIt'snotsimplyhearingwhattheotherpersonissaying.Youhavetoliterallystopwhatyou'redoing,andcarefullylistenthroughwhattheysay.___17___Thepointistolettheotherpersonseethatyouarenotavailable,insteadofnotwillingtohelp.Step2:StartwithConclusionwhenRefusingThereisasayinggoeslike"PeopleLendtojudgeothersbyresults,andthemselvesbymotives."Thisprinciplecanalsobeappliedtodailyconversations.Weallhopethatotherpeoplewillcometoaconclusionquickly,butwhenwespeak,weinstinctivelystartfromthebeginningofthestory.Thiswayofspeakingisnotgoodforcommunication,becausetheotherpersonusuallydoesnothavesomuchpatiencetohearyoufinishyourspeaking,andbythetimeyoucometotheconclusion,theirattentionhaslonggone.___18___Step3:___19___Maybeyoureallydon'thavethetimetolistentotheotherperson'srequest.Forexample,youhavetogetoffworkontimethatdayandtheworkathandisurgent.Insituationslikethis,don'tjusttelltheotherpersonthatyoudon'thavethetime.Instead,youshouldgivethematimewhenyouwouldbeavailable.Youcanalsorecommendhimapersonwhomyoufeelcanhelphim.Inthisway,althoughyourefusedhim,hestillcanfeelyoursupport.Inaword,refusalisinevitable,butthewayofrefusalisoptional.___20___Anartisticrefusal,ontheotherhand,mayleadyoutosomeunexpectedbenefits.A.Aninappropriaterefusalmaycausegreatharmtoyourworkinglife.B.Soannouncetherefusalattheendofconversation.C.Evenifyourtimeislimited,itisbestforyoutodoso.D.Howcanwereasonablyrefusethem?E.Ifyouwanttorefusesomebody,justtellthemNO,andthenexplainthereasonswhy.F.Behonestinsteadofmakingupareasonfornotbeingabletohelp.G.Provideanalternativesolution.【答案】16.D17.C18.E19.G20.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了三個(gè)拒絕的步驟，可以在拒肯定方的同時(shí)讓自己和對(duì)方感到舒適?！?6題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Ofcourse,someofthesethingsarenotpartofyourjob,suchasothercolleaguesaskingforyourhelporbossesmakingnewdemands.(當(dāng)然，有些事情并不是你工作的一部分，比如其他同事向你尋求幫助或者老板提出新的要求)”以及后文“Justbydoingthefollowingthreesteps,youcanusuallymakeyourselfandtheotherpersoncomfortablewhilerefusingthem.(通過以下三個(gè)步驟，你通常可以在拒肯定方的同時(shí)讓自己和對(duì)方感到舒適)”可知，上文提到有人想讓你做不屬于你的事情，后文則提到如何拒肯定方的步驟，可知本句屬于過渡句，指出該如何合理地拒絕上文提到的這些人的要求，D選項(xiàng)中them指代上文中“othercolleaguesaskingforyourhelporbossesmakingnewdemands”。故D選項(xiàng)“我們?cè)鯓硬拍芎侠淼鼐芙^他們？”符合語境，故選D。【17題詳解】依據(jù)上文“It'snotsimplyhearingwhattheotherpersonissaying.Youhavetoliterallystopwhatyou'redoing,andcarefullylistenthroughwhattheysay.(這不僅僅是聽別人在說什么。你必需停止你正在做的事情，細(xì)致傾聽他們說的話)”以及后文“Thepointistolettheotherpersonseethatyouarenotavailable,insteadofnotwillingtohelp.(關(guān)鍵是要讓別人看到你沒空，而不是不情愿幫忙)”可知，本段主要是在說明拒絕的第一步是細(xì)致傾聽別人說的話，要細(xì)致傾聽，則須要即使你時(shí)間有限也這樣做，且C選項(xiàng)中“yourtimeislimited”可與后文“youarenotavailable”相呼應(yīng)。故C選項(xiàng)“即使你的時(shí)間有限，也最好這樣做”符合語境，故選C?！?8題詳解】依據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Step2:StartwithConclusionwhenRefusing(其次步：拒絕時(shí)以結(jié)論開頭)”以及上文“Weallhopethatotherpeoplewillcometoaconclusionquickly,butwhenwespeak,weinstinctivelystartfromthebeginningofthestory.Thiswayofspeakingisnotgoodforcommunication,becausetheotherpersonusuallydoesnothavesomuchpatiencetohearyoufinishyourspeaking,andbythetimeyoucometotheconclusion,theirattentionhaslonggone.(我們都希望別人能快點(diǎn)下結(jié)論，但當(dāng)我們說話的時(shí)候，我們本能地從故事的開頭說起。這種說話方式不利于溝通，因?yàn)閷?duì)方通常沒有那么多耐性聽你講完，而且當(dāng)你得出結(jié)論的時(shí)候，他們的留意力早就消逝了)”可知，上文提到了一種不利于引起對(duì)方留意力的說話方式，可知本句為本段最終一句，是在說明一種正確的說話方式，即先下結(jié)論——說“不”，然后再說明緣由。故E選項(xiàng)“假如你想拒絕某人，就說不，然后說明緣由”符合語境，故選E?！?9題詳解】本空為本段小標(biāo)題，結(jié)合后文“Maybeyoureallydon'thavethetimetolistentotheotherperson'srequest.Forexample,youhavetogetoffworkontimethatdayandtheworkathandisurgent.Insituationslikethis,don'tjusttelltheotherpersonthatyoudon'thavethetime.Instead,youshouldgivethematimewhenyouwouldbeavailable.Youcanalsorecommendhimapersonwhomyoufeelcanhelphim.Inthisway,althoughyourefusedhim,hestillcanfeelyoursupport.(或許你真的沒有時(shí)間去聽別人的要求。例如，你當(dāng)天必需按時(shí)下班，手頭的工作很緊急。在這種狀況下，不要只是告知?jiǎng)e人你沒有時(shí)間。相反，你應(yīng)當(dāng)給他們一個(gè)你有空的時(shí)間。你也可以向他舉薦一個(gè)你認(rèn)為可以幫助他的人。這樣，即使你拒絕了他，他仍舊能感受到你的支持)”可知，后文提到的另外支配時(shí)間、舉薦其他可以幫助他的人等方法，都是在給對(duì)方供應(yīng)一個(gè)替代的解決方案，故G選項(xiàng)“供應(yīng)一個(gè)替代的解決方案”符合語境，故選G?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Inaword,refusalisinevitable,butthewayofrefusalisoptional.(總之，拒絕是不行避開的，但是拒絕的方式是可以選擇的)”以及后文“Anartisticrefusal,ontheotherhand,mayleadyoutosomeunexpectedbenefits.(另一方面，藝術(shù)式的拒絕可能會(huì)給你帶來意想不到的好處)”可知，后文提到了藝術(shù)式拒絕會(huì)帶來好處，可推知本句應(yīng)當(dāng)是在說明不恰當(dāng)?shù)木芙^會(huì)產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響，前后形成對(duì)比。故A選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)不恰當(dāng)?shù)木芙^可能會(huì)對(duì)你的工作生活造成很大的危害”符合語境，故選A。第三部分語言學(xué)問運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。I'vealwayshadaninterestinChineselanguage.OnmyChineselearningjourney,Ihavecomeacrossseveral___21___teachers.WhenIfirststartedlearningMandarininmynativeUnitedStates,I___22___classesataninternationallanguagecenternearmyhome.MyfirstteacherwasFiona,an___23___fromChina'sTaiwanunderfederalimmigrationlaw.Fionahadabeautifulsoprano（女高音）___24___andtaughtustheChinesephoneticalphabetsong.Themusicvideoofthe___25___hadacartoonofalittlehorseholdingamicrophone___26___andsingingkaraoke.AtonepointFionaaskedusto___27___jiandao,shitou,bu（rock,paper,scissors）.Itwasquitea___28___：eightadultsplayingchildren'sgamesandsinging.IfeltasifIwereoneofthesingers___29___TheSoundofMusic,butitwas"bopomofodetenele"insteadof"doremi”._______30_______oneofFiona'steachingmethodswashavingusreadaloudvowelsshehad_______31_______onflashcardsinplasticbags.Wewere_______32_______askedtoexchangethebagstopractice_______33_______vowels.Whenwepracticedwritingcharacters,Fiona_______34_______onlythebeautifulcharactersinredinktogivefaceandboostour_______35_______.ShewasawonderfulteacherforthoseofuswhowerejuststartingoutonourChineselearningjourney.Afterthatsemesterwasover,myclassmatesandIhadgraduatedtothe_______36_______levelatthesameinstitute,andthenImetJulie,whowas_______37_______fromDalian,China'sLiaoningProvince.Juliewasastrictteacherwho_______38_______thetextbookpracticallyandlearningbyrote（死記硬背），andshealwaystaughtusthesimplifiedcharactersratherthantraditionalones._______39_______Juliewouldconductfrequentteststomonitorourprogress.IdaresayIdidwellunderherinstruction.Everythingwasalways_______40_______,andourlearninggoalswerefullymetattheendofthesemester.21.A.worthless B.invaluable C.valueless D.inexpensive22.A.received B.met C.acquired D.took23.A.immigrant B.expert C.assistant D.agent24.A.throat B.accent C.voice D.noise25.A.opera B.dance C.film D.song26.A.regularly B.tightly C.luckily D.secretly27.A.play B.practice C.share D.show28.A.curiosity B.mystery C.spectacle D.adventure29.A.performing B.describing C.organizing D.explaining30.A.Each B.Another C.Every D.Any31.A.chosen B.driven C.written D.hidden32.A.still B.also C.then D.just33.A.formal B.narrow C.familiar D.different34.A.circled B.carved C.printed D.painted35A.independence B.competence C.confidence D.diligence36.A.low B.same C.busy D.next37.A.temporarily B.originally C.randomly D.limitlessly38.A.gaveaway B.dependedon C.handeddown D.calledoff39.A.Therefore B.However C.Instead D.Besides40.A.undercontrol B.outofshape C.athand D.inmind【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.D26.B27.A28.C29.A30.B31.C32.C33.D34.A35.C36.D37.B38.B39.D40.A【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章內(nèi)容是個(gè)人故事。“我”在學(xué)習(xí)中文的過程中，遇到了很多令人難忘的老師，F(xiàn)iona和Julie給“我”的幫助很大，使“我”受益匪淺?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在我的中文學(xué)習(xí)之旅中，我遇到了幾位值得珍惜的老師。A.worthless無價(jià)值的；B.invaluable珍貴的，值得珍惜的；C.valueless無價(jià)的；D.inexpensive便宜的。依據(jù)全文作者對(duì)兩位老師的描述和感悟可知作者覺得老師是“值得珍惜的，有價(jià)值的”，故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我第一次起先在我的母語國家美國學(xué)習(xí)一般話時(shí)，我在我家旁邊的一個(gè)國際語言中心上課。A.received獲得，收到；B.met遇見；C.acquired獲得；D.took上課。依據(jù)后面的“ataninternationallanguagecenter(一個(gè)國際語言中心)”可知作者在這上課，takeclasses意為“上課”，故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的第一位老師是Fiona，她是依據(jù)聯(lián)邦移民法從中國臺(tái)灣移民過來的。A.immigrant移民；B.expert專家；C.assistant助理；D.agent代理。依據(jù)下文“underfederalimmigrationlaw(依據(jù)聯(lián)邦移民法)”可知此處應(yīng)用“移民”，故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Fiona有一副美麗的女高音嗓音，教我們漢語拼音歌。A.throat喉嚨；B.accent腔調(diào)；C.voice嗓音，聲音；D.noise噪音。依據(jù)“soprano（女高音）”和下文“taughtustheChinesephoneticalphabetsong(教我們漢語拼音歌)”可知是“嗓音”，故選C項(xiàng)。25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在這首歌的mv中，卡通人物是一匹緊緊握著麥克風(fēng)唱卡拉ok的小馬。A.opera戲??；B.dance舞蹈；C.film電影；D.song歌曲。依據(jù)上文“taughtustheChinesephoneticalphabetsong(教我們漢語拼音歌)”可知是歌曲，故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在這首歌的mv中，卡通人物是一匹緊緊握著麥克風(fēng)唱卡拉ok的小馬。A.regularly有規(guī)律地；B.tightly緊緊地；C.luckily幸運(yùn)地；D.secretly隱私地。依據(jù)動(dòng)作“holdingamicrophone(握住麥克風(fēng))”可知狀語是“緊緊地”，其他選項(xiàng)都不合適用于修飾“hold(握)”，故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次，F(xiàn)iona讓我們玩“剪刀石頭布。”A.play玩；B.practice練習(xí)；C.share共享；D.show展示。依據(jù)下文“playingchildren'sgames(玩兒童嬉戲）”可推知“jiandao,shitou,bu（rock,paper,scissors）”是一種嬉戲：石頭剪刀布，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為“play(玩)”，故選A項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：真是種奇觀。A.curiosity新奇心；B.mystery隱私；C.spectacle演出，場(chǎng)面；D.adventure冒險(xiǎn)。依據(jù)下文“eightadultsplayingchildren'sgamesandsinging.(八個(gè)大人玩兒童嬉戲，唱歌。)”可知這是一種“奇觀”，其他三項(xiàng)都不符合，故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我感覺自己就像一個(gè)歌手表演的音樂之聲，但它是“bopomofodetenele”而不是“doremi”。A.performing表演；B.describing描述；C.organizing組織；D.explaining說明。依據(jù)賓語“TheSoundofMusic（音樂之聲）”以及下文“但它是‘bopomofodetenele’而不是‘doremi’”可知是表演歌曲，故選A項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：Fiona的另一種教學(xué)方法是讓我們大聲朗讀她寫在塑料袋里的卡片上的元音。A.Each每一個(gè)；B.Another另一個(gè)；C.Every全部；D.Any任何一個(gè)。前文已經(jīng)提過Fiona的一種教學(xué)方法，在此處應(yīng)當(dāng)是“另一種”教學(xué)方法，故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Fiona的另一種教學(xué)方法是讓我們大聲朗讀她寫在塑料袋里的卡片上的韻母。A.chosen選擇；B.driven開車，驅(qū)使；C.written寫；D.hidden隱藏。依據(jù)讓我們大聲朗讀可知老師已經(jīng)把韻母寫好在紙上，故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我們被要求交換袋子來練習(xí)不同的元音。A.still仍舊；B.also也；C.then然后；D.just僅僅，就。有了塑料袋的教學(xué)識(shí)字卡之后我們接著被要求交換袋子，then表示“接著”，符合語境，故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我們被要求交換袋子來練習(xí)不同的韻母。A.formal正式的；B.narrow窄的；C.familiar熟識(shí)的；D.different不同的。依據(jù)“交換”可知練習(xí)的是不同的韻母，故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們練習(xí)寫字時(shí)，F(xiàn)iona只用紅墨水圈出美麗的字來給我們面子，增加我們的信念。A.circled包圍；B.carved雕刻；C.printed打??；D.painted繪畫。依據(jù)“togiveface(給面子)”可知老師用紅筆圈出美麗的字，其他三項(xiàng)不符合語境，故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們練習(xí)寫字時(shí)，F(xiàn)iona只用紅墨水圈出美麗的字來給我們面子，增加我們的信念。A.independence獨(dú)立；B.competence實(shí)力；C.confidence信念；D.diligence勤奮。老師用紅筆圈出美麗的字的目的是給面子，這能讓“我們”增加信念，故選C項(xiàng)。【36題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那個(gè)學(xué)期結(jié)束后，我和我的同學(xué)在同一所學(xué)院升學(xué)，然后我遇到了來自中國遼寧大連的Julie。A.low低的；B.same一樣的；C.busy勞碌的；D.next下一個(gè)。依據(jù)“graduated(畢業(yè))”可知應(yīng)當(dāng)是升級(jí)，所以是到“下一級(jí)別”，故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：那個(gè)學(xué)期結(jié)束后，我和我的同學(xué)在同一所學(xué)院升學(xué)，然后我遇到了來自中國遼寧大連的Julie。A.temporarily臨時(shí)地；B.originally原始地，源于；C.randomly隨機(jī)地；D.limitlessly無限地。此處講的是Julie來自哪里，只有B項(xiàng)適合修飾“來自”，故選B項(xiàng)。【38題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：Julie是一位嚴(yán)格的老師，她靠課本實(shí)踐，死記硬背，她總是教我們簡體字而不是繁體字。A.gaveaway分發(fā)，贈(zèng)送；B.dependedon依靠于，取決于；C.handeddown宣布，把……傳下去；D.calledoff取消。依據(jù)下文“thetextbookpracticallyandlearningbyrote(課本實(shí)踐，死記硬背)”可知是“依靠”，故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：除此之外，Julie還會(huì)常常進(jìn)行測(cè)試來監(jiān)控我們的進(jìn)度。A.Therefore因此；B.However然而；C.Instead反而；D.Besides除此之外。依據(jù)空后的“Juliewouldconductfrequentteststomonitorourprogress.(Julie會(huì)進(jìn)行常見的測(cè)試來監(jiān)控我們的進(jìn)展。)”可知還是對(duì)Julie老師教學(xué)特點(diǎn)的描述，所以應(yīng)運(yùn)用副詞besides表示遞進(jìn)，故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：每件事都在掌控之中，我們的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)在學(xué)期結(jié)束時(shí)完全達(dá)到。A.undercontrol處于限制之下，狀況正常；B.outof