湖南中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)課程考試試卷

湖南中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)課程考試試卷（1）間隔線是什么的病變Septallinerepresentpathologicalchangeof（）[單選題]*A.肺泡pulmonaryalveoliB.肺實(shí)質(zhì)pulmonaryparenchymaC.肺間質(zhì)pulmonaryinterstitium(正確答案)D.段支氣管segmentalbronchi（2）大葉肺炎紅肝變期特點(diǎn)Characteristicsoftheredliverstageoflobarpneumonia（）[單選題]*A.大片實(shí)變與葉,段一致，葉間裂向心移位Theconsolidationisconsistentwithlobeandsegment,andthelungfissureiscentripetalB.大葉實(shí)變與段葉形狀一致,內(nèi)有樹枝狀透亮影Theconsolidationisconsistentwiththethesegment,withadendritictranslucentshadow(正確答案)C.與灰肝變期征象不同ItisdifferentfromgrayliverstageD.僅見肺紋理增強(qiáng)Onlyenhancedlungmarkingswasseen（3）右圖所示為那葉的病變Whichlobeisinvolvedinthepictureontheright（）[單選題]*A.右上葉rightupperlobe(正確答案)B.右中葉rightmiddleloveC.右下葉rightlowerlobeD.左舌葉leftlingualsegment（4）一患者58歲，男，30年吸煙史右上肺呈大片狀實(shí)質(zhì)變影并伴發(fā)熱，咳血絲痰，體溫38℃，經(jīng)抗炎治療后右上肺大片影吸收，發(fā)熱控制，遂停藥，約1周后患者又出現(xiàn)右上葉片狀影及發(fā)熱，則患者的病變可能是A58-year-oldmalepatientwithasmokinghistoryof30yearsshowedlargepatchyparenchymalshadowoftherightupperlungaccompaniedbyfever,hemoptysisandsputum,andbodytemperatureis38℃.Afteranti-inflammatorytreatment,largeshadowoftherightupperlungwasabsorbed,feverwascontrolled,andthedrugwasstopped.About1weeklater,thepatientagainshowedblade-likeshadowandfeveroftherightupperlung,sothediagnosiscouldbe（）[單選題]*A.大葉性肺炎

lobarpneumoniaB.小葉性肺炎

lobularpneumoniaC.肺結(jié)核pulmonarytuberculosisD.肺癌lungcancer(正確答案)（5）消化系統(tǒng)鋇劑造影方法可觀察的病變Whichoptionbelowcanbeobservedbybariumstudyofthedigestivesystem（）[單選題]*A.粘膜的病變lesionsofthemucosa(正確答案)B.消化道肌層的輕微病變subtlelesionofthemuscularlayerofthealimentarycanalC.漿膜的病變LesionsoftheserousmembraneD.肝臟的病變Lesionsoftheliver（6）食道的串珠狀變化是由于Thebeadedchangesintheesophagusaredueto（）[單選題]*A.食道靜脈的曲張Varicesoftheesophagealvein(正確答案)B.食道粘膜中斷ThemucosaoftheesophagusisinterruptedC.食道癌oesophagealcarcinomaD.食道的潰瘍Ulcerationoftheesophagus(7)下面哪種方法屬于造影劑間接引入(即通過生理聚集而達(dá)到造影目的)Whichofthefollowingmethodsistheindirectintroductionofthecontrastagent(i.e.,byphysiologicalaggregation)（）[單選題]*A靜脈腎盂造影IVP(intravenouspyelogram)(正確答案)B冠脈造影coronaryangiogramC支氣管造影

bronchographyD胃腸鋇餐造影gastrointestinalbarium(8)小兒骨關(guān)節(jié)X光片見2個(gè)骨頭間隙很寬，下列對的是Thechild'sjointX-rayshowsawidespacebetweenthetwobones.Whichoptionbelowiscorrect?（）[單選題]*A.小兒關(guān)節(jié)間隙大ChildrenhavelargejointspaceB.小兒骨密度低ThebonestructureofChildrenisoflowdensityC.小兒骨端有骨骺Childrenhaveepiphysisattheendofbone(正確答案)D.骨端為軟組織Boneendsaresofttissue.(9)死骨可見于Sequestrumcanbeseeninpatientwith（）[單選題]*A.甲狀腺功能亢進(jìn)hyperthyroidismB.骨肉瘤osteosarcomaC.退行性變degenerationD.骨結(jié)核osseoustuberculosis(正確答案)(10)下列病變X光平片肯定觀察不到的是WhichonebelowcancertainlynotbeobservedonplainX-rayfilms（）[單選題]*A.上頜竇炎癥積液InflammatoryeffusioninmaxillarysinusB.額葉腦梗塞Frontallobeinfarction(正確答案)C.松果體鈣化pinealcalculusD.顱骨骨折fractureofskull(11)一急診疑診十二指腸穿孔的病人，首選何種檢查方法?Whatisthepreferredexaminationmethodforapatientsuspectedofduodenalperforationinemergencydepartment（）[單選題]*A透視或腹部平片F(xiàn)luoroscopyorplainradiographoftheabdomen(正確答案)B胃腸鋇餐gastrointestinalbariumexaminationC鋇劑灌腸bariumenemaD靜脈造影phlebography(12)膀胱癌有定性價(jià)值的X線表現(xiàn)應(yīng)包括：QualitativeX-rayfindingsofbladdercancershouldinclude（）[單選題]*A、膀胱區(qū)充盈缺損，邊緣不齊Bladderareafillingdefectwithunevenmargin(正確答案)B、腎盂積水hydronephrosisC、膀胱壁僵直，膀胱體積縮小BladderwallstiffenedandbladdervolumereducedD、膀胱結(jié)石bladderstone(13)透視下發(fā)現(xiàn)肺門“舞蹈”，提示：The"dance"ofhilumoflungwasfoundunderfluoroscopy,suggesting:（）[單選題]*A肺淤血pulmonaryvenouspleonaemiaB肺血減少decreasingpulmonoarybloodC肺水腫pulmonaryedemaD肺充血pulmonarycongestion(正確答案)(14)下列不可引起關(guān)節(jié)間隙變窄的是Whichdiseasebelowdonotcausenarrowingofjointspace(D)[單選題]*A.關(guān)節(jié)結(jié)核ArticulartuberculosisB.化膿性關(guān)節(jié)炎pyogenicarthritisC.骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎o(hù)steoarthritisD.關(guān)節(jié)腔積液intra-articulareffusion(正確答案)(15)骨肉瘤的骨質(zhì)改變征象，不包括Whichoptionbelowisnotthebonychangeofosteosarcoma（）[單選題]*A.骨質(zhì)內(nèi)低密度區(qū)TheareaoflowdensityintheboneB.骨質(zhì)硬化改變osteosclerosisC.骨質(zhì)內(nèi)低密度伴骨皮質(zhì)邊緣線狀影IntraosseoushypodensitywithlinearshadowsatthemarginofbonecortexD.分隔狀低密度區(qū)，邊界清晰Low-densityareaswithclearboundaries.(正確答案)(16)某小兒4歲，男，低熱盜汗20天，伴咳嗽聽診有濕羅音。呼吸音降低。PPD(+++)。X線見右中野斑片狀影，右肺門可見結(jié)節(jié)狀突出影，診A4-year-oldboy,male,hadlowfeverandnightsweatfor20days,accompaniedbycoughandstethoscopywithmoistrales,respiratory

sounds

were

weakened.PPD(+++).X-rayshowedpatchyshadowintherightmiddlefieldandnodularprojectionintherighthilum.Whatisthecorrectdiagnosis（）[單選題]*A.原發(fā)綜合征primarycomplex(正確答案)B.中心型肺癌，伴阻塞性肺炎CentrallungcancerwithobstructivepneumoniaC.周圍肺癌伴肺門轉(zhuǎn)移PeripherallungcancerwithhilarmetastasisD.肺炎pneumonia(17)CT增強(qiáng)掃描是Contrast-enhancedCTscanis（）[單選題]*A.改變病變血流量，從而使之顯示清晰Changethebloodflowofthelesionsothatitisclearlyvisible.B.就是將對比劑引入腫塊內(nèi)使腫塊密度高于周圍組織TheideaistointroduceacontrastagentintothemasstomakeitdenserthanthesurroundingtissueC.使病變與周圍組織產(chǎn)生人工對比Theideaistointroduceacontrastagentintohumanbody,sothatthereisartificialcontrastbetweenlesionandthesurroundingtissue.(正確答案)D.一般用口服法引入對比劑Contrastagentsareusuallyintroducedorally.(18)下列不屬于介入治療的是Whichonebelowdoesnotbelongtointerventionaltherapy（）[單選題]*A.肝Ca的栓塞治療EmbolizationtherapyofhepaticCa.B.腦血管瘤栓塞Endovascular

embolization

ofintracranial

aneurysms.C.冠脈的擴(kuò)張術(shù)percutaneoustransluminalcoronaryangioplasty。D.肝Ca的增強(qiáng)CT掃描EnhancedCTscanofliverCa.(正確答案)(19)肺部急性炎癥的病理變化為Thepathologicalchangeofacutepulmonaryinflammationis（）[單選題]*A.增生proliferationB．滲出exudation(正確答案)C．空洞cavityD．纖維化fibrosisE．鈣化calcification(20)患者30歲，述膝關(guān)節(jié)間歇性隱痛，腫脹半年多，查脛骨上端內(nèi)側(cè)腫脹，觸之有乒乓球感，在x片上脛骨上端內(nèi)側(cè)呈膨脹性皂泡樣骨質(zhì)破壞，橫徑大于縱徑，診斷為：30yearsoldpatient,withintermittentdullpainandswellingofthekneeformorethanhalfayear.Theupperandmedialaspectoftibiawasfoundtobeswollenandfeltasaping-pongball.OntheX-ray,theupperandmedialaspectoftibiashowedexpansivesoap-foambonedestruction,withthetransversediameterlargerthanthelongitudinaldiameter.ThemostlikelyDiagnosisis:(

)[單選題][單選題]*Ａ.骨囊腫bonecystＢ.動(dòng)脈瘤樣骨囊腫aneurysmalbonecystＣ.軟骨母細(xì)胞瘤chondroblastomaＤ.溶骨型骨肉瘤OsteolyticosteosarcomaＥ.骨巨細(xì)胞瘤giant-celltumorofbone(正確答案)21、肺空洞是包括薄壁（壁厚mm以下），和厚壁空洞，蟲蝕狀空洞多見于。Pulmonarycavitiesarecomposedofthin-walled(wallthicknessbelow______mm),andthick-walledcavities.Worm-eatencavitiesaremorecommonin_________.[填空題]*空1答案：請?jiān)O(shè)置答案空2答案：請?jiān)O(shè)置答案22、肺Ca分周圍型和中心型：中心型的主要征象是、、、。LungCAisdividedintoperipheraltypeandcentraltype:themainsignsofcentraltypeare_________,_________,_________,and_________.[填空題]*空1答案：請?jiān)O(shè)置答案空2答案：請?jiān)O(shè)置答案空3答案：請?jiān)O(shè)置答案空4答案：請?jiān)O(shè)置答案23．兒童骨折特點(diǎn)是易發(fā)生：和。Fractureinchildrenischaracterizedbysusceptibilityto:_________and_________.[填空題]*空1答案：請?jiān)O(shè)置答案空2答案：請?jiān)O(shè)置答案24．風(fēng)心病二尖瓣狹窄時(shí)心影是型；高心病心影是型。Heartshadowinrheumaticheartdiseasewithmitralvalvestenosisis_________

type;hypertensiveheartdiseaseis

____________type.[填空題]*空1答案：請?jiān)O(shè)置答案空2答案：請?jiān)O(shè)置答案25．病理上，前列腺癌99%為癌，多發(fā)生在區(qū)。Pathologically,99%prostatecanceris______

；Itoccursmostlyinthe____________zone[填空題]*空1答案：請?jiān)O(shè)置答案空2答案：請?jiān)O(shè)置答案26．脂肪瘤MRI信號特點(diǎn)是T1WI上呈信號；T2WI上呈信號。MRIsignaloflipomaischaracterizedby_____________

signalonT1WI,____________signalonT2WI.[填空題]*空1答案：請?jiān)O(shè)置答案空2答案：請?jiān)O(shè)置答案27、急性化膿性關(guān)節(jié)炎愈合后多見纖維性關(guān)節(jié)強(qiáng)直。Fibrousankylosisismorecommoninacutepyogenicarthritisafterhealing.（）[判斷題]*對錯(cuò)(正確答案)28、食道靜脈曲張的食管壁柔軟而伸縮自如，是與食道癌的重要鑒別點(diǎn)。Thesoftandflexibleesophagealwallofesophagealvaricoseveinsisanimportant

differentiatorfromesophagealcancer.（）[判斷題]*對(正確答案)錯(cuò)29、肝癌在CT增強(qiáng)掃描時(shí)，病灶中對比劑呈“快進(jìn)快出”的特點(diǎn)。DuringCTenhancedscanningoflivercancer,contrastagentsinthelesionshowedthecharacteristicof"fastinandfastwashout".（）[判