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牛津上海版9AUnit2輔導(dǎo)講義牛津上海版9AUnit2輔導(dǎo)講義牛津上海版9AUnit2輔導(dǎo)講義教師姓名學(xué)生姓名年級九年級上課時間學(xué)科英語課題名稱Unit2教學(xué)目標(biāo)教學(xué)重難點一、佳句積累Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves、Youcan’talwaysgetwhat(yī)youwant、Practicemakesperfect、二、詞匯中考考綱詞匯pole [p?ul]? ?n、?? ??桿子elderly?['eld?(r)li]? adj、 ?? 上了中年得control?[k?n'tr?ul] v、
??控制underwater ['?nd?'w?:t?]??adv、 ? ?在水下require?[ri'kwai?] v、? ???需要,依靠(=need)reach [ri:t?] ?v、? ???到達(dá);抵達(dá)(=getto,arrivein/at)hang(hung,hung)[h??] ? v、 ? ?懸掛hang(hanged,hanged) ? ?絞死,吊死remove?[ri'mu:v]???v、 ? 移走;拿開rest?[rest] ? n、 ? ?剩余部分;其余;休息traditional?[tr?'di??n(?)l]??adj、??? 傳統(tǒng)得skill [skil]? ?n、? ? 技能skin [skin]? ?n、 ? ? 皮膚mention?['men??n] v、?? ?提到straight?[streit]???adj、/adv、 ? 直得situation [、sitju'ei??n]? n、?? ??場景imagine?[i'm?d?in] ?v、 ? 想像;設(shè)想非中考考綱詞匯*cormorant ['k?:m?r?nt] n、 ???鸕鶿*raft [rɑ:ft] ??n、?????木排;筏子*rod [r?d]?? n、??? 桿,竿*bamboo [,b?m'bu:] n、 ? ??竹子*swallow ['sw?l?u] v、? ? 吞下;咽下*bang?[b??]?? v、 ???猛敲;砸*enable?[i'neibl] ??v、 ???使……能夠*net?[net] ? n、 ?? 網(wǎng)*neck?[nek] ?n、 ?脖子;頸Phrases中考考綱詞組upto ?? ????到達(dá)(某數(shù)量,程度等);至多有setoff? ??? ? 出發(fā),動身(同)setout,start,sothat ? ? ?? (表示目得)為了;以便(與inorder(not)todo/soas(not)todo可相互轉(zhuǎn)換)upanddown ?? ? ???起伏;上下波動atnight?? ??? ?在夜晚beusedtodosth、/fordoingsth、?? ??被用來做……infiftyyears ?? ? ???五十年后begoodat? ?? ?? 擅長于(=dowellin)beinterestedin????? ?? ?對……感興趣非中考考綱詞組*onthesideof? ? ??? 在……得(另)一邊*ofaverageheight??? ?? ??一般身高;既不高也不矮*divedown?? ??? ??潛下;潛入(水中)*inthelateafternoon? ?? ? ?午后;臨近傍晚*remove…from… ? ? ? ? 從…移走…詞形轉(zhuǎn)換1、ablea、有能力得enablev、使……能夠2、olda、老年得elderlya、過了中年得,稍老得oldera、比…年齡大得(只用于比較級)eldera、年長得3、fishn/v、魚,魚肉,捕魚fishermann、漁夫4、removev、移動,遷移removaln、移動,遷移5、footn、腳feet(pl、)腳6、traditionn、傳統(tǒng)traditionala、傳統(tǒng)得 7、higha、高高得heightn、高度8、usen、/v、使用usefula、有用得uselessa、毫無用途得9、attractv、吸引at(yī)tractionn、吸引力,景點attractivea、有吸引力得10、frightn、害怕,恐懼frightenv、使……恐懼frighteneda、感到恐懼得frighteninga、令人恐懼得三、語法拓展
一般來說,中考考得時態(tài)有八種,她們分別是:一般過去時,一般現(xiàn)在時,一般將來時,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時,過去進(jìn)行時,過去將來時,現(xiàn)在完成時和過去完成時。被動語態(tài)考得相對簡單,一般來說常考得有四種:一般過去時得被動語態(tài),一般現(xiàn)在時得被動語態(tài),一般將來時得被動語態(tài)和含有情態(tài)動詞得被動語態(tài)。時態(tài)和語態(tài)在考試中得出題形式常為:單項選擇和改寫句子。要解答時態(tài)和語態(tài)方面得題目并不難,只要熟練掌握兩點:1、每種時態(tài)常用得時間狀語;2、每種時態(tài)得基本構(gòu)成(包括肯定句,否定句和一般疑問句)。下面我們將會通過解析一些典型得考題來體現(xiàn)這些技巧。時態(tài)1、一般過去時=1\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT①時間狀語:yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,last(week、month、year),、、、ago,justnow等;=2\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT②基本結(jié)構(gòu):肯定句否定句疑問句Be動詞I/She/he/itwas、、adj/nWe/they/youwere、adj/nI/She/he/itwas、、adj/nWe/they/youwere、adj/nWereyou…Wasshe/he/it…Wereyou/they/you…實義動詞(以do為例)I/She/he/itdid…We/they/youdid…Ididn’tdo…?She/he/itdidn’tdo…We/they/youdidn’tdo…Didyoudo…Didshe/he/itdo…Didyou/they/youdo…【例題解析】Tinaandherparents____________toEnglandforsightseeinglastsummer、A)go?B)went?C)willgo?D)havegone批注:根據(jù)上面得講解我們知道解題時首先要找時間狀語,這道題目中得時間狀語是“lastsummer”,由它我們可以判斷出題目考查得是一般過去時,所以正確答案為B2、一般現(xiàn)在時=1\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT①時間狀語:always,“everyday,often,onceaweek(month,year),sometimes,seldom,usually等=2\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT②主要用于下面幾情況:1)描述當(dāng)前時間內(nèi)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)、反復(fù)發(fā)生得動作或存在得狀態(tài)。2)為了描述狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征、能力等等。3)陳述客觀事實、客觀真理。沒有時間概念;也不會在意動作進(jìn)行得狀態(tài)。4)一般現(xiàn)在時還常用于現(xiàn)場解說、新聞標(biāo)題。=3\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT③在狀語從句中,當(dāng)主句用一般將來時或者祈使句式,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時、簡稱“主將從現(xiàn),主祈從現(xiàn)”?!纠}解析】Whensummer___(dá)_____,somechildrenwillgototheseasideforfun、? A)esB)came?C)willeD)woulde批注:這個句子是由when引導(dǎo)得時間狀語從句,引導(dǎo)詞when后面跟得句子是從句,另外一個句子則是主句。主句用得是一般將來時,根據(jù)主將從現(xiàn)得原則可以得知when后面得從句應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時,所以選項A為正確答案。3、一般將來時=1\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT①時間狀語:tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天),in+時間段,inthefuture等。批注:老師再講到這里得時候可以順便提問學(xué)生對“in+時間段”進(jìn)行提問應(yīng)該用什么,因為有很多學(xué)生還是誤以為用howlong=2\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT②基本結(jié)構(gòu):①begoingto+do;肯定句②will+do、否定句:在be動詞(am,is,are,was,were)或情態(tài)動詞will后加not縮寫成won’t。一般疑問句:be或will提到句首,some改為any,and改為or,第一二人稱互換?!纠}解析】Don’tworryaboutourChineseteacher、Hesoon、A)isreturning?B)returns C)willreturnD)wouldreturn? D)wouldreturn批注:由時間狀語“soon”可以判斷出這個句子講得是不久之后得事情,所以我們應(yīng)該選擇一般將來時。正確答案為C。4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時=1\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT①時間狀語:now以及以“Look!”和“Listen!”開頭得句子肯定句:am/is/are+v-ing;=2\*GB3②基本結(jié)構(gòu):否定句:am/is/are+not+v-ing;一般疑問句:把a(bǔ)m/is/are前提到句首;【例題解析】TodayisFather'sDay、Mymother________aspecialdinnerformygrandpanow、A)prepare B)prepared C)ispreparing D)willprepare批注:由時間狀語now可以推斷出句子表達(dá)得是媽媽正在準(zhǔn)備一頓特殊得晚餐。所以我們應(yīng)該選擇現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時,正確答案為C選項。5、過去進(jìn)行時=1\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT①定義:過去進(jìn)行時是表示過去某一時刻或某一時間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生得動作;過去某一時刻正在進(jìn)行得動作,常與過去時間狀語連用。Iwaswashingmyclothesatthistimeyesterday、
=2\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT②用法:表示某件事發(fā)生時(過去進(jìn)行時),另一件事發(fā)生了(過去時)。MymotherwascookingwhenI(lǐng)gothome、在復(fù)合句中,若主要動作和背景動作是同時發(fā)生得,那么主從句都可用過去進(jìn)行時e、g、JennywasreadingwhileDannywaswriting、=3\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT③基本結(jié)構(gòu):was/were+v-ing、
其句式變化仍然要在be上做文章。E、g、Wewereworkinginclass、?
Weweren’tworkinginclass、
Wereyouworkinginclass?=4\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT④時間狀語:過去進(jìn)行時常與過去某一特定時間點得狀語連用,如atthistimeyesterday,atteno’clockyesterdaymorning,以及when引導(dǎo)得狀語從句等。有時沒有時間狀語,要通過上下文得暗示來確定用過去進(jìn)行時。E、g、Thestudentsallworkedhard、Everyoneknewwhathewasworkingfor、【例題解析】Thestudents_____(dá)____(dá)_basketballwhenI(lǐng)sawthemintheplayground、A)played?B)wasplaying C)play D)wereplaying批注:看到這道題目時,我們首先要翻譯一下句子,“當(dāng)我看到那些學(xué)生得時候,她們正在操場上踢足球?!睆木溆玫檬且话氵^去時,主句應(yīng)選擇過去進(jìn)行時。B和D都是過去進(jìn)行時,但是B答案得be動詞“was”和主語“thestudents”不搭配,所以這道題目得正確答案應(yīng)該選擇D6、過去將來時用法:表示從過去得某個時間看來將要發(fā)生得動作或者存在得狀態(tài)。常常用于賓語從句中。【例題解析】Peterpromisedthat(yī)he___(dá)_______(dá)__h(yuǎn)issisteranelectronicdictionary、 A)hasboughtB)hadboughtC)wouldbuy?D)willbuy批注:這個句子是賓語從句。主句中得“promised”表明皮特許諾是在過去,而給她妹妹買電子詞典是在皮特許諾時還未發(fā)生,即將要發(fā)生得動作,所以從句應(yīng)該用過去將來時。正確答案是C7、現(xiàn)在完成時=1\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT①基本結(jié)構(gòu):現(xiàn)在完成時得肯定句式是“have(has)+done”。
?現(xiàn)在完成時得一般疑問句式是把助動詞have或has提到主語之前。
現(xiàn)在完成時得否定句式是“haven't(hasn't)+過去分詞”。=2\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT②時間狀語:already,
yet,
still,just,
ever,
never,
since+時間點,sofar,for+時間段,recently等=3\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT③havebeento和havegoneto得區(qū)別:
havebeento強(qiáng)調(diào)“去過”,現(xiàn)已不在那里,如:HehasbeentotheUSAthreetimes、她到美國去過三次。(過去“到美國”,現(xiàn)在已“不在美國”)
havegoneto主要強(qiáng)調(diào)得是“去了”,現(xiàn)在人不在說話得現(xiàn)場,如:--Where'syourmother?--您媽媽在哪?--Shehasgonetothehospital、--她去醫(yī)院了。=4\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT④非延續(xù)性動詞不能直接和for或since連用,但我們可以找一個相應(yīng)得延續(xù)性動詞或動詞短語來替換這些非延續(xù)性動詞例:Theoldmandied4yearsago、
=Theoldmanhasbeendeadfor4years、
eto→bein/atgoout→beout,leave→beaway,Begin→beonstop→beoverbuy→haveputon→wearopen→beopen,close→beclosedDie→bedead,cat(yī)chacold→haveacold,gettoknow→knowjoin→beamemberofbeeateacher→beateacher,fallasleep→beasleepfallill→beillfinish---beoveropensth---keepsthopen,borrow→keep【例題解析】I__(dá)_____youalreadythatwashinghandsoftenwillhelppreventtheA-H1N1Flu、A)tell B)toldC)havetoldD)amtelling批注:有時間狀語“already”可以判斷出句子應(yīng)該選擇現(xiàn)在完成時。正確答案為C【例題解析】Ben____(dá)___(dá)___illforaboutaweek、Let’sgotoseehimtogether、 A)hasfallenB)hasfelt?C)hase?D)hasbeen?批注:由時間狀語“foraboutaweek”可以判斷句子應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時,而僅憑現(xiàn)在完成時這個信息無法排除任何一個答案,這個時候我們需要再來分析一下時間狀語“foraboutaweek”,這個一個時間段,所以動詞我們應(yīng)該選用延續(xù)性動詞。由上面我們講解得表格我們知道fallill得延續(xù)性動詞是beill,所以正確答案應(yīng)該選擇D8過去完成時=1\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT①基本結(jié)構(gòu):肯定句式:had+done否定句式:had+not+done疑問句式:把had前提到句首=2\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT②時間狀語:表示過去某一時刻以前已經(jīng)完成得動作,常見得標(biāo)志性時間狀語一般是by,before+過去時?!纠}解析】Bytheendoflastmonth,I____alltheCDsofJustinBieber、collectB)collectedC)havecollectedD)hadcollected批注:時間狀語“theendoflastmonth”表達(dá)得是過去時,而“bytheendoflastmonth”意為截止到上月底為止,即動作在上月底以前已經(jīng)完成。所以我們應(yīng)該選擇過去完成時。正確答案是D選項。They___(dá)_______(dá)_abouthowtoprotectourearthwhenI(lǐng)entered、?A)willtalkB)havetalked C)aretalking D)weretalking[答案]D[解析]when引導(dǎo)得時間狀語從句有三種情況:主將從現(xiàn),主句是一般將來時從句是一般現(xiàn)在時;主過進(jìn)從過,主句是過去進(jìn)行時從句是一般過去時;主過完從過,主句是過去完成時,從句是一般過去時;后面兩種情況要通過句意分析,不過一般情況下選項中不會同時出現(xiàn)。本題從句時一般過去時,句意“當(dāng)我進(jìn)來得時候她們正在討論如何保護(hù)地球”。WhentheSpringFestival____(dá)__,manypeoplewillspendtheirholidayabroad、 A)came B)wille?C)woulde D)es[答案]D[解析]when引導(dǎo)得時間狀語從句有三種情況:主將從現(xiàn),主句是一般將來時從句是一般現(xiàn)在時;主過進(jìn)從過,主句是過去進(jìn)行時從句是一般過去時;主過完從過,主句是過去完成時,從句是一般過去時;后面兩種情況要通過句意分析,不過一般情況下選項中不會同時出現(xiàn)。本題主句是一般將來時,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。TheGreensdidn’tcatchthetrain、Whentheygottothestation,thetrain_____(dá)、A)leftB)wasleftC)hasleftD)hadleft[答案]D[解析]when引導(dǎo)得時間狀語從句有三種情況:主將從現(xiàn),主句是一般將來時從句是一般現(xiàn)在時;主過進(jìn)從過,主句是過去進(jìn)行時從句是一般過去時;主過完從過,主句是過去完成時,從句是一般過去時;后面兩種情況要通過句意分析,不過一般情況下選項中不會同時出現(xiàn)。本題從句時一般過去時,句意“當(dāng)她們到達(dá)車站得時候,火車已經(jīng)離開了”。Mycousinsaidthat(yī)heaniPhone5nextweek、 A)buyB)willbuy?C)wouldbuy?D)buys[答案]C[解析]動詞時態(tài)結(jié)合賓語從句;一看從句時間標(biāo)志詞,二看主句時態(tài),如果是過去時態(tài)要,從句要變成相應(yīng)得過去時態(tài):一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時,一般將來時變?yōu)檫^去將來時,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時變?yōu)檫^去進(jìn)行時,現(xiàn)在完成時變成過去完成時,有時一般過去時變?yōu)檫^去完成時。本題從句時間詞nextweek,用一般將來時,主句said,所以用過去將來時。Theteacher,aswellashisstudents__(dá)____toattendthepartylastweek、A、isinvitedB、areinvitedC、wasinvitedD、wereinvited[答案]C[解析]動詞時態(tài)結(jié)合主謂一致;lastweek用一般過去時,aswellas就遠(yuǎn)原則,看前面得名詞,所以用單數(shù)。They_____(dá)_______(dá)inBeijingforthemeetingforanotherthreedays、?A)havestayedB)stayed C)arestaying?D)willstay[答案]D[解析]通過句意判斷時態(tài);foranotherthreedays很多學(xué)生會認(rèn)為是“持續(xù)三天時間”,其實是“再三天,又三天”,根據(jù)句意是將會再待三天,選D。StormSandy__(dá)____(dá)thousandsofcarssoanumberofThanksgivingtravelersfailedtorent(租)acar、?A)haddamagedB)isdamaging?C)willdamage?D)hasdamaged[答案]A[解析]通過句意和已有動詞時態(tài)判斷時態(tài);failed一般現(xiàn)在時表示過去發(fā)生得動作,通過句意是先摧毀了車才導(dǎo)致租不到車,damage這個動作發(fā)生在fail前,過去得過去,用過去完成時。被動語態(tài)得形式A把主動態(tài)動詞變成被動態(tài),是把助動詞be變?yōu)橹鲃討B(tài)動詞原來得時態(tài),再加上主要動詞得過去分詞。主動態(tài)動詞得主語這時變?yōu)楸粍討B(tài)動詞得施動者。這個施動者常常不被提到。若要提到,可置于by之后或放在從句得后面:Thistreewasplantedbymygrandfather、B被動語態(tài)得現(xiàn)在、過去及完成時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時keepsIskept現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時IskeepingIsbeingkept一般過去時keptWaskept過去進(jìn)行時WaskeepingWasbeingkept現(xiàn)在完成時HaskeptHasbeenkept過去完成時HadkeptHadbeenkept一般將來時WillkeepWillbekept條件語氣Wo(hù)uldkeepWouldbekept條件語氣完成時WouldhavekeptWouldhavebeenkept不定式TokeepTobekept不定式完成式TohavekeptTohavebeenkept現(xiàn)在分詞/動名詞KeepingBeingkept分詞完成式HavingkeptTohavebeenkeptWekeepthebutterhere、Thebutteriskepthere、C各個進(jìn)行時態(tài)得被動態(tài)要求用be得進(jìn)行式加上主要動詞得過去分詞,be得這種進(jìn)行時形式在其她方面很少使用:Theyarerepairingthebridge、Thebridgeisbeingrepaired、在被動句中,除現(xiàn)在及過去進(jìn)行時外,其她進(jìn)行進(jìn)態(tài)用得非常少。因此像下列這類句子通常不能用被動態(tài):Theyhave/hadbeenrepairingtheroad、Theywill/wouldberepairingtheroad、D助動詞+動詞原形結(jié)構(gòu)可借助于被動式來構(gòu)成被動語態(tài):Youmust/shouldshutthesedoors、Thesedoorsmust/shouldbeshut、E其她不定式結(jié)構(gòu)表示喜歡、熱愛、希望、想要及與其相似意義得動詞+賓語+不定式,由不定式得被動式構(gòu)成其被動語態(tài):Hewantssomeonetotakephotographs、Hewantsphotographstobetaken、表示命令/請求/勸告/邀請得動詞+間接賓語+不定式,可用主動詞得被動式來構(gòu)成被動語態(tài):Heinvitedmetogo、Iwasinvitedtogo、但是,如是advise/beg/order/remend/urge+間接賓語+不定式+賓語得結(jié)構(gòu),則可構(gòu)成兩種被動語態(tài):或如上所述將主要動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài),或用advise等+that…should+被動式:HeurgedtheCounciltoreducetherates、TheCouncilwas/wereurgedtoreducetherates、Heurgedthat(yī)therat(yī)esshouldbereduced、至于agree/beanxious/arrange/bedetermined/determine/decide/demand+不定式+賓語,則通常用that…should結(jié)構(gòu)來表示被動語態(tài),與上面所述得第二種方式相同:Hedecidedtosellthehouse、Hedecidedthatthehouseshouldbesold、F動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)如是advise/insist/propose/remend/suggest+動名詞+賓語結(jié)構(gòu),通常由that…should結(jié)構(gòu)來表示被動語態(tài),與上面所述相同:Heremendedusingbullet-proofglass、
Heremendedthatbullet-proofglassshouldbeused、G動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)如是it/they+need+動名詞結(jié)構(gòu),也可用it/they+need+被動式結(jié)構(gòu)來表示,兩種結(jié)構(gòu)在意思上都是被動語態(tài)。其她動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)得被動態(tài)由動名詞得被動式來表示:IrememberthemtakingmetotheZoo、IrememberbeingtakentotheZoo、●被動語態(tài)得用法當(dāng)不知道動作得執(zhí)行者時PrintingwasintroducedintoEuropefromchina、Look!There’snothinghere、Everythinghasbeentakenaway、當(dāng)不必提出動作得執(zhí)行者時Iwasbornin1960、Suchthingsarenotdonetwice、當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)或側(cè)重動作得承受者時Sheislikedbyeverybody、Agoodtimewashadbyall、當(dāng)我們出于禮貌避免說出動作得執(zhí)行者時Wherecanyoubereached?You’llbecontacted、當(dāng)出于行文得需要時JackfoughtMichaelinthemen’ssinglesandwasbeaten、Hevisitedchina’snortheasternprovincesin1935、ThoseprovinceswerebeingoverrunbytheJapaneseinvaders、●被動結(jié)構(gòu)與被動意義得問題★英漢被動意義表示法比較英漢被動句型類似得說法,“據(jù)說,據(jù)估計、報道,眾所周知,必須指出”等據(jù)說工人們對她都很同情。Itissaidthattheworkersallregardedhimwithsympathy、潘先生據(jù)說是個走私者。Mr、Panissaidtobeasmuggler、漢語有一種不出現(xiàn)主語得句子,英語通常用被動結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)Aspywascaughtyesterday、昨天抓到了一個特務(wù)。漢語和英語都有以主動結(jié)構(gòu)表示被動意義得情況這種料子容易銷售。Thiskindofmaterialsellswell、有時漢語能用主動結(jié)構(gòu)表示被動意義,英語卻只能用被動結(jié)構(gòu)Yourletterahsbeenreceived、您得來信已經(jīng)收到?!镏鲃咏Y(jié)構(gòu)表示被動意義得問題有些動詞既是急務(wù)動詞,也是不及物動詞,當(dāng)它們做不及物動詞得時候,往往含有被動意義。通常有兩種情況。這類動詞得進(jìn)行體(主要是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行體)表示被動意義,這種句子得主語通常都是指物得,而且可以轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)得被動結(jié)構(gòu)。Thehouseisbuilding=Thehouseisbeingbuilt、Thecakesarebaking、=thecakesarebeingbaked、這類動詞(最常用是一般現(xiàn)在時)表示被動意義,這類動詞得主語(也是指物得居多)通常具有某些內(nèi)在得特征,能促使動詞所表示得動作得以實現(xiàn)或難以實現(xiàn)。某些系動詞,smell,taste,sound,prove,feelTheflowerssmellsweet、Thefoodtastesnice、Thatsoundsnice、Thestoryprovedquitefalse、某些與can’t,won’t等連用得不及物動詞,如move,lock,shut,openI(lǐng)tcant’move、Thedoorwon’tshut、某些可和well,easily等副詞連用得不及物動詞,如read,write,wash,clean,draw,burn,cook,photographTheclothwasheswell、Thepoemreadssmoothly、Theboxdoesn’tcleaneasily、Thiskindofricecooksmorequicklythanthatkind、某些可用于“主+謂+補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中得不及物動詞,如wear,blow等Thismaterialhaswornthin、Thedoorblewopen、Cornissellingbriskly、比較Thedooropened、Thedoorhasopened、★被動形式表示主動意義被動形式表示主動意義,如bedetermined,bepleased,begraduated(from),beprepared(for),beoccupied(in),getmarried等。例如:Heisgraduatedfromafamousuniversity、她畢業(yè)于一所有名得大學(xué)。注意:表示同某人結(jié)婚,用marrysb、或getmarriedtosb、均可。例如:Hemarriedarichgirl、她與一個富妞結(jié)婚了。Hegotmarriedtoarichgirl、四、課堂練習(xí)
1、Ifcitynoises___(dá)_fromincreasing,people____shouttobeheardevenatdinner、A、arenotkept;willhavetoB、arenotkept;haveC、donotkeep;willhavetoD、donotkeep;haveto2、Thefifthgenerationputers,withartificialintelligence,are__(dá)__andperfectednow、A、developed
B、havedevelopedC、arebeingdevelopedD、willhavebeendeveloped3、---____(dá)thesportsmeetmightbeputoff、---Yes,italldependsontheweather、A、I'vebeentold
B、I'vetoldC、I'mtoldD、Itold4、Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection___、A、haspletedB、pletesC、hasbeenpleted
D、ispleted5、Rainforests___andburnedat(yī)suchaspeedthat(yī)theywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture、A、cut
B、arecutC、arebeingcut
D、hadbeencut6、Thenewsuspensionbridge__(dá)_bytheendoflastmonth、A、hasbeendesignedB、hadbeendesignedC、wasdesigned
D、wouldbedesigned7、Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____、A、breaksB、hasbrokenC、wasbrokenD、hadbeenbroken8、Great(yī)changes__(dá)_inthecity,andalotoffactories___、A、havebeentakenplace;havebeensetupB、havetakenplace;havebeensetupC、havetakenplace;havesetupD、weretakenplace;weresetup9、Thatsuit__over60dollars、A、hadcostedB、costedC、iscostedD、cost10、---Look!Everythinghereisunderconstruction、---What’stheprettysmallhousethat__(dá)for?A、isbeingbuiltB、hasbeenbuiltC、isbuiltD、isbuilding11、---Doyoulikethematerial?---Yes,it___verysoft、A、isfeelingB、feltC、feels
D、isfelt12、Itisdifficultforaforeigner__(dá)__(dá)Chinese、A、writeB、towriteC、tobewrittenD、written13、Ihavenomoreletters__(dá)__,thankyou、A、totypeB、typingC、tobetypedD、typed14、Takecare!Don’tdroptheinkonyourshirt,forit__easily、A、won’twashoutB、won’tbewashedoutC、isn’twashedoutD、isn’twashingout15、Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethelightshappenedto___、A、beputupB、giveinC、beturnedonD、goout16、Theputersonthetable___ProfessorSmith、A、belongsB、arebelongedtoC、belongstoD、belongto17、---Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?---Oh,excellent、It’sworth___asecondtime、A、toreadB、tobereadC、readingD、beingread18、Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed___、A、catchingB、tobecaughtC、beingcaughtD、tocatch19、Thispageneeded___(dá)again、A、beingcheckedB、checkedC、tocheckD、tobechecked20、___(dá)manytimes,theboystilldidn’tknowhowtodotheexercisesA、HavingtaughtB、HavingbeentaughtC、taughtD、Teaching21Itissaidthatanewrobot___(dá)_byhiminafewdays、A)designed
B)hasbeendesignedC)willbedesignedD)willhavebeendesigned22Wearelate、Iexpectthefilm____bythetimewegettothecinema、A)willalreadyhavestartedB)wouldalreadyhavestartedC)shallhavealreadystartedD)hasalreadybeenstarted23Shewillstopshowingoffifnonotice____(dá)ofher、A)istakenB)takesC)willbetakenD)hastaken24Diamond____(dá)inBrazilin1971、A)isfoundB)hasbeenfoundC)wasfoundD)hadbeenfound25“Haveyoumovedintothenewflat?”“Notyet、Theroom____、”A)hasbeenpaintedB)ispaintedC)paints
D)isbeingpainted26Mypictures__(dá)__untilnextFriday、A)won'tdevelop
B)aren'tdevelopedC)don'tdevelop
D)won'tbedeveloped27Tim___(dá)_sincehelosthisjobthreeweeksago、A)hadbeenunemployed
B)wasunemployedC)hasbeenunemployed
D)hasunemployed28Agreatnumberofcollegesanduniversities___(dá)_since1949、A)hasbeenestablishB)havebeenestablishedC)haveestablished
D)hadbeenestablished29I'llhavetopushthecartothesideoftheroadbecausewe____ifweleaveithere、A)wouldbefinedB)willbefinedC)willbeingfinedD)willhavebeenfined30“____twoticketsforthenewplayattheGrandTheatreonSaturday、Shallwegoandseeittogether?”A)TheyhavebeengivenB)IhavebeengivenC)Iamgiven
D)Theyhavegiventome31Thesubjectoftheselectures____bythelecturemittee、A)isannounced
B)havebeenannouncedC)areannounced
D)hasbeenannounced32Ifoundanaspirinbottle____(dá)droppedonthefloorofDavid'sroom、A)wasB)hadC)hadbeenD)is33Thegoods____whenwearrivedattheairport、A)werejustunloadingB)werejustbeenunloadingC)hadjustunloadedD)werejustbeingunloaded34Ifone__(dá)__bypride,hewillrejectusefuladviceandfriendlyassistance、A)overes
B)isovereC)hasbeenovereD)overe35Mostenvironmentproblemsexistbecauseadequatemeasuresforpreventingthem____takeninthepast、A)wasnotB)werenotC)werenotbeingD)hadnotbeen36Yououghttohaveputthemilkintherefrigerat(yī)or,now____sour、A)IsmellB)itissmeltC)itsmellsD)itissmelling37Aftertherace____,thecelebrat(yī)ionbegan、A)hadbeenwonB)iswonC)willbewonD)hasbeenwon38Hewashereforalittlewhile,butIdon'tknowwhereshe__(dá)__now、A)isB)wasC)hadbeenD)hasbeen39Theyoungteacherhas____(dá)petent、A)beenprovedtobeB)provedtobeC)beenproved
D)provedbeing40Pluto,theoutermostplanetofthesolarsystem,____(dá)photographicallyinMarch1930、A)discovered
B)wasdiscoveredC)bydiscoveryD)whendiscovered41Togetabetterviewofthestage,____、A)ourseatshadtobechanged
B)ourseatswerechangedC)wehadtochangeourseats
D)ourseatswerechangedbyus42Aftersynthetic___(dá)_,engineershadabetterchoiceofmaterial、A)created
B)hascreat(yī)edC)hasbeencreatedD)hadbeencreated43Ithinkmuchattention____yourpronunciation、A)mustbepaidtoB)oughttobepaidtoC)mustpayto
D)shouldbepaidto44Since1970,millionsofenthusiasts____VitaminC,whichtheybelievecanremedythemoncold、A)havetaken
B)havebeentakenC)havebeentakingD)havebeentaking45Idon'tremember____thechancetotrythismethod、A)havingbeengivenB)tohavebeengivenC)havinggiven
D)tohavegiven46Wecouldasksomeonetodotheworkprivatelywithoutit____(dá)、A)knowB)beknownC)beingknownD)tobeknown47Theconstructionofthelaboratory____bytheendofnextmonth、A)mustbepleted
B)musthavebeenpletedC)willbepleting
D)willhavebeenpleting48TheywouldtellhowtheAfrican____onashiptoanA(yù)mericanport、A)wasbrought
B)couldhavebeenbroughtC)hadbeenbroughtD)wastobebrought49Hedoesnotpossessabicycle,thisoneheuses____toPeter、A)isbelongedtoB)belongedC)belongsD)isbelonging50Negotiation____(dá)againwithMoscowtomorrow,agreateventwillbediscussedthen、A)istobeopenedB)isonthepointofopeningC)isgoingtoopenD)opens51Thereasonforallthechangesbeingmade____tousyet、A)hasnotexplainedB)hasnotbeenexplainedC)didnotexplainedD)werenotexplained52Experimentsinthephotographyofmovingobjects____inboththeUnitedStatesandEuropewellbefore1900、A)wereconducting
B)wereconductedC)hadbeenconductedD)hadconducted53Whenheturnedthecorner,hefoundhimself____byamaninblack、A)tailedB)beentailedC)wastailedD)hadbeentailed54Acandidateforthedemocraticpresidentialnomination____atthismoment、A)isinterviewing
B)beinginterviewedC)isbeinginterviewedD)interviewing55Asweapproachedtheworksite,theworkerswereseen___(dá)_thenewhouse、A)buildingB)buildC)builtD)tobuild56Asweknow,alltheregulationsinschool__(dá)__、A)mustkeeptoB)mustbekeptC)mustkeep
D)mustbekeptup57Theposition__(dá)__(dá)anymore、A)neednottobecorrected
B)doesn'tneedtobecorrectedC)doesn'tneedbecorrectedD)neednotcorrect58Thebankisreportedinthelocalnewspaper____inbroaddaylightyesterdayA)toberobbedB)tohavekeenrobbedC)robbed
D)havingbeenrobbed59Hurryup,orthetickets___(dá)outbythetimewegetthere、A)willhavesoldB)willsellC)havesold
D)willhavebeensold60Hecleanedtheglassescarefullyforfearthatit__(dá)__、A)wasdamaged
B)shouldbedamagedC)damaged
D)wouldbedamaged被動語態(tài)習(xí)題key1--5A(chǔ)CADC6--10BCBDA11--15CBCAD16--20DCCDB
被動語態(tài)部分練習(xí)題答案:1)C2)A3)A4)C5)D6)D7)C8)B9)B10)B11)D12)C13)D14)B15)B16)C17)A18)A19)B20)B21)C22)D23)A24)C25)A26)C27)A28)C29)C30)A31)B32)C33)A34)C35)A36)B37)B38)B39)D40)B1、Thestudentshaveperformedtheplay“SoundofMusic”foryears、(改為被動語態(tài))
Theplay“SoundofMusic”____(dá)___(dá)_____(dá)______(dá)______(dá)performedbythestudentsforyears、2、OurgovernmentwillsendsomevolunteerstoAfricatohelpthepeoplethere、(改成被動語態(tài))Somevolunteerswill_____________toAfricatohelpthepeoplethere、3、MyfriendJoneswrotesomearticlesaboutmemorylastmonth、(改為被動句)Somearticlesaboutmemory______(dá)___(dá)_____(dá)bymyfriendJoneslastmonth、4、Studentsreadsomeinformationaboutmemoryinthelibraryyesterday、(改為被動語態(tài))Someinformat(yī)ionaboutmemory__(dá)_____________(dá)___inthelibraryyesterdaybystudents、5、Thestudentsondutywillcleanthelabaftertheexperiment、(改為被動語態(tài))Thelabwill__(dá)______bythestudentsondutyaftertheexperiment、6、ADutchartistFlorentijinHofmandesignedthefamousbigyellowrubberduck、(改為被動語態(tài))Thefamousbigyellowrubberduck__________(dá)_____(dá)__(dá)__byaDutchartistFlorentijinHofman、7、Peopleinourvillagethrewawayagreatnumberofplasticbagslastyear、(被動語態(tài))Agreatnumberofplasticbagsawayinourvillagelastyear、8、Factoriesthrewrubbishintoriversafewyearsago、(改為被動語態(tài))Rubbish___(dá)_____(dá)___(dá)____(dá)___(dá)__intoriversbyfactoriesafewyearsago、9、Youmustnotwastewater、(改為被動語態(tài))Watermustnot____(dá)____(dá)__(dá)____(dá)、10、Eachyear,peopleaddnewrecordstotheGuinnessBookofRecords、(改為被動語態(tài))Eachyear,newrecords____(dá)____(dá)____totheGuinnessBookofRecords、11、Weusuallycallmat(yī)hsthelanguageofscience、(改為被動語態(tài))Maths__(dá)___(dá)___usually____(dá)____(dá)_thelanguageofscience、12、TheteacherofferedthestudentsalotofadviceonhowtolearnEnglish、(改為被動語態(tài))ThestudentsalotofadviceonhowtolearnEnglish、13、Jimmyhaslentthenovelsthatheboughttohisfriends、(改為被動語態(tài))ThenovelsthatJimmybought_______(dá)____(dá)___lenttohisfriend、14、Wedon'tallowpeopletosmokeanywhereinthebuilding、(改為被動語態(tài))
People?tosmokeanywhereinthebuilding、15、Peoplewilltalkaboutthesafetyofgirlsduringthenextmeeting、(改為被動語態(tài))Thesafetyofgirls_____(dá)______(dá)_talkedaboutduringthenextmeeting、五、課后作業(yè)II、Choosethebestanswer(選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)么鸢?;(共20分)ManyleadersfromdifferentcountriesattendedtheopenceremonyoftheG20summitinHangzhouin2019、Whichiscorrectfortheunderlinedpart?A、/i/B、/e/C、/?/D、/?/OurstudentshadalotoffunondayoftheirNewYear’sConcert、A、aB、anC、theD、/28、Gostraightdownthestreetandyou’llseethepostofficeonyourright,thekindergarten、A、oppositeB、betweenC、amongD、across29、Themanagerismuchbetterthanotheremployeesdealingwiththecustomers’plaints、A、inB、atC、onD、ofJohnisplanningtotakepartintheingspeechcontesttoprove、A、heB、himC、hisD、himself31Somepeopleprefertopaybycreditcard,wouldliketopaythroughAlipay(支付寶)A、theothersB、othersC、otherD、another32、Duringthesummercamp,wefoundthat(yī)Kenwaslearneramongalltheboys、A、quickB、quickerC、thequickestD、quickest33、Myneighborhasboughtanelectricself-balancingscooler(平衡車),itisconvenientforhimtowork、A、andB、orC、althoughD、if34、AmusingcharactersMr、Thompsonhascreat(yī)edintheicstrip!A、howB、whataC、whatanD、what35、Thestudentsarehavingadiscussionandtheanswerstotheproblemafterthat、A、arecollectingB、willbecollectedC、collectD、werecollected36、Thekid’sstorysoundedsothatmydaughterbeggedmetoreaditagainforher、A、interestinglyB、interestedC、interestingD、interest37、WiththehelpofGoogleMaps,peopleworryaboutgettinglostinaforeigncountry、A、can’tB、mustn’tC、wouldn’tD、needn’t38、DonaldTrumpwilltakeofficeonJanuary20,2019BarackObamaleavestheWhiteHouse、A、untilB、unlessC、becauseD、assoonas39、EmmaWatsonhidfreebooksaroundLondonundergroundtoencouragepeoplethehabitofreadingonthesubway、A、formB、formingC、toformD、formed40、DetectiveKimonthecasefor3monthsbeforehefinallygotthecluesandsuccessfullysolvedit、A、worksB、workedC、hasworkedD、hadworked41、Mygrandmothertothehospitaltoha
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