第02講動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)（知識(shí)講解過關(guān)檢測）2024年新高一英語暑假銜接課

第02講動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致目標(biāo)1認(rèn)識(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞十種必考時(shí)態(tài)的形式及意義。目標(biāo)2掌握被動(dòng)語態(tài)的各個(gè)形式。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)①表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常用的時(shí)間狀語有always，usually，often，sometimes，everyday等。Iusuallydomyhomeworkintheeveningeveryday.我通常每天晚上做作業(yè)。②少數(shù)表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，如e，go，leave，arrive，fly，return，start，begin，open，close，end，stop，depart等，常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)，表示一個(gè)按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Myflighttakesoffat5：00am.我的航班早上五點(diǎn)起飛。③在時(shí)間、條件等狀語從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。They’llstandbyyouevenifyoudon’tsucceed.即使你不成功，他們也會(huì)支持你。一般過去時(shí)①表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與yesterday，lastyear，justnow,theotherday，twoweeksago等時(shí)間狀語連用。Hearrivedatschoolat9∶00amyesterday.他昨天上午九點(diǎn)到學(xué)校。②根據(jù)上下文或主從句提示。Ididn’tpasstheexam，whichmademyparentsveryangry.我沒有通過考試，這讓我父母很生氣?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)①表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)相對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)間狀語有：now,rightnow,atpresent,atthismoment,thesedays等。Idon’treallyworkhere;Iamjusthelpingoutuntilthenewsecretaryarrives.我真的不在這里工作，只是在幫忙，直到新秘書來。②某些表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，如go，e，leave，arrive，start，move等，可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示即將發(fā)生或計(jì)劃要做的動(dòng)作。SheisleavingforBeijingtomorrow.她明天將動(dòng)身去北京。③與always,often,forever,constantly,continually等連用時(shí)，表示贊賞或厭惡等感情色彩，而非強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。Heisalwayshelpingothers.他總是幫助其他人。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)①表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作(這一過去時(shí)間需用時(shí)間狀語表示)。與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)相對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)間狀語有：then,atthattime,atthistimeyesterday等。Hewaspreparinghislecturealldayyesterday.昨天一整天他都在準(zhǔn)備他的講座。②表示過去計(jì)劃或安排在將來會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(只限于plan,e,go,leave,arrive,start,move,sail,fly,travel,stay等)。Hesaid(that)shewasarrivingthenextday.他說她第二天會(huì)到達(dá)。(3)將來進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間里正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常與at8：00amtomorrow,inthenexttwomonths等時(shí)間狀語連用。I’llbedoingsomehouseworktomorrowafternoon.明天下午我將要干些家務(wù)活。現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)①表示開始于過去某個(gè)時(shí)間，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作。這一動(dòng)作可能剛完成，也可能繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去。常與thesedays，recently，lately，inthepast/lastfew＋時(shí)間段；since＋時(shí)間點(diǎn)；for＋時(shí)間段等連用。Alltheseyearstheyhavebeencontributingarticlestoourmagazine.這些年來，他們一直為我們雜志寫稿。②表示到目前為止的一段時(shí)間里一直在反復(fù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Wehavebeenseeingeachotherquitealotrecently.最近我們常常見面。一般將來時(shí)①“will/shall＋動(dòng)詞原形”表示現(xiàn)在看將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)?！皐ill＋動(dòng)詞原形”還可以表示說話人臨時(shí)作出的決定。Itissaidthathewillretirenextmonth.據(jù)說他將于下月卸任。②“begoingto＋動(dòng)詞原形”表示打算、計(jì)劃、決定要做的事或肯定要發(fā)生的事；表示說話人根據(jù)已有的事實(shí)或跡象，推測某事即將發(fā)生。Lookatthecloud.It’sgoingtorain.瞧那烏云，天要下雨了。③“beaboutto＋動(dòng)詞原形”表示打算或根據(jù)安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。它不與表示具體時(shí)間的狀語連用，但可以與when連用。TheEnglishEveningisabouttostart.英語晚會(huì)即將開始。④“beto＋動(dòng)詞原形”表示約定的、計(jì)劃中的或按職責(zé)、義務(wù)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，這種動(dòng)作通常是人的意志所能控制的，或用于征求意見。Youaretohandinyourpapersby10o’clock.你要10點(diǎn)前交上論文。過去將來時(shí)表示從過去的某一時(shí)間來看將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。過去將來時(shí)常用于賓語從句和間接引語中。Shewassureshewouldsucceed.她確信她會(huì)成功?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)①表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果，或說話時(shí)剛剛完成的動(dòng)作。常與recently,lately,upto/tillnow,sofar,inthepast/lastfewmonths/years...等連用?！狪’msorry，butIdon’tquitefollowyou.DidyousayyouwantedtoreturnonSeptember20?—Sorry，Ihaven’tmademyselfclear.WewanttoreturnonOctober20.——對(duì)不起，我沒完全明白你的話。你是說你們打算9月20號(hào)回來嗎？——對(duì)不起，我沒有表達(dá)清楚。我們打算10月20號(hào)回來。②表示從過去開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，往往和“for...”“since...”表述的時(shí)間狀語連用。Theyhaveworkedheresincetheyleftcollege.自從大學(xué)畢業(yè)他們就在這兒工作了。過去完成時(shí)①表示從過去某一時(shí)刻開始，一直延續(xù)到過去另一時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，即“從過去到過去”。WhenJackarrived,Maryhadbeenawayforalmostanhour.當(dāng)杰克到達(dá)時(shí)，瑪麗已經(jīng)離開快一個(gè)小時(shí)了。②在“hardly/scarcely...when...”“nosooner...than...”句型結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句用過去完成時(shí)，且常用部分倒裝，從句用一般過去時(shí)，意為“一……就……”。Wehadnosoonerbeenseatedthanthebusstarted.我們剛落座，公共汽車就開動(dòng)了。③在by,bytheendof,bythetime,until,before等后接表示過去某一時(shí)間的短語或從句，其謂語動(dòng)詞則表示在某一時(shí)刻或某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成了的動(dòng)作，即“過去的過去”。Bytheendoflastyear,wehadproduced20，000cars.到去年年底，我們已經(jīng)生產(chǎn)了20000輛汽車。④表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、打算、意圖、諾言等。常用hadhoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected等或用上述動(dòng)詞的過去式接不定式的完成式表示，即“hoped/planned...＋tohavedone”。IhadplannedtosendhimaChristmascard,butIforgottodoso.我本來打算寄給他一張圣誕卡片的，但我忘了寄了?！炯磿r(shí)演練】單句語法填空1.(2022·吉林長春二模)Acoupleofdaysago,heannounced(announce)thathewantedtoberemovedfromnextyear’sMichelinGuide,sayingthathewantedtogiveanewmeaningtohislife.2.(2022·河南焦作四模)Also,thegeneralnumberofseaanimalshas__decreased(decrease)byabouthalfsince1970.3.(2022·四川攀枝花二模)Take,forexample,theunnamedmuter,whoinJune2018fell(fall)offastationplatformontoanelectricrailwaytrackinToronto,Canada.4.(2022·安徽淮南一模)TheTerracottaArmyfigures’excavation(發(fā)掘)isregardedasoneofthegreatestdiscoveriesofthe20thcentury.Theyhad__lain(lie)undergroundformorethan2，000yearsbeforefarmersdiggingawellin1974uncoveredwhatisnowconsideredoneofthegreatestarchaeologicalsitesintheworld.5.(2022·福建廈門外國語期末)Sailingshipswhensettingsailwould__have(have)asealedboxcontainingmoneyonboardforgoodluck.Ifthevoyagesucceeds,theboxwasgiventoapriest,openedatChristmasandthecontentsthengiventothepoor.動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)1.各種時(shí)態(tài)中被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/aredone一般過去時(shí)was/weredone一般將來時(shí)shall/willbedone現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/arebeingdone過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/werebeingdone現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasbeendone過去完成時(shí)hadbeendone2.被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法(1)不知道或沒有必要指明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者Attention，please!Ameetingwillbeheldintheofficeat8：00a.m.tomorrow.Everyoneisexpectedtoattendontime.請(qǐng)注意！明天上午八點(diǎn)在辦公室召開會(huì)議。望大家準(zhǔn)時(shí)參加。(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者Thewomanwastakentohospital.那位女士被送進(jìn)了醫(yī)院。(3)動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者被較長的修飾語修飾。Theideawassupportedbythosewhowishedtomakemuchmoney.想掙許多錢的人們支持那個(gè)主意。【名師指津】①動(dòng)詞短語在含被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子中作謂語時(shí)，切不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。Theplanwillbegivenup.這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃就要被放棄了。Badhabitshavebeendoneawaywith.壞習(xí)慣已經(jīng)改掉了。②含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式是：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋be＋過去分詞Hemustbepreventedfromgoing.必須阻止他去。Theplanoughttobeputintopracticeassoonaspossible.這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃應(yīng)該盡早執(zhí)行。③“get＋過去分詞”可以表示被動(dòng)，此結(jié)構(gòu)比較口語化。Thepatientgottreatedonceaweek.那位病人一周治療一次。Hefelloffthecarandgotkilled.他從汽車上掉下來，摔死了?！炯磿r(shí)演練】單句語法填空1.(2022·江西五市八校模擬)Constructionofthebridgestartedin2019.Itstotalcostwilletosome10billionRMB.Itis__expected(expect)tobepletedbytheendofthisyear.2.(2022·安徽宣城二模)OwingtothevastareasandlargepopulationofChina,diversedialectscanbe__found(find)inthisgreatland,suchastheWudialectinShanghai,HakkaandCantonese.3.(2022·四川綿陽三診)Iwas__told(tell)thatthe92－year－oldmumofafriendhadatinoftomatosoupsnatchedfromherhandatasupermarketinRydeearlierthisweek.4.(2022·安徽蚌埠三模)Tohelpsolvedifficultiesfacingthoseseniors,theBeijingcitygovernmentwillcarryout52specificmeasuresthisyear.Anadditional37measureswill__be__taken(take)in2022.5.(2022·安徽池州一模)Sincethen,thiskindofclothinghas__been__regarded(regard)asChineseTangsuitandhasenjoyedagreatpopularityinChinaandabroad.主謂一致3原則1.語法一致原則(1)動(dòng)名詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、從句、不定代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)。Listeningtomusicmakesmerelaxedafterabusyday.忙碌一天之后，聽音樂使我感到很放松?！久麕熤附颉縲hat引導(dǎo)的從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式，但如果從句表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，則謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Whathesaysanddoesdoesnotconcernme.他的言行與我無關(guān)。Whathesaysanddoesdonotagree.他的言行不一致。(2)主語后跟with,togetherwith,aswellas,like,but,except,alongwith,ratherthan等連接的短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與連接詞前面的主語保持一致。Theteacheraswellashisstudentswasveryexcited.老師和學(xué)生們都非常激動(dòng)?！久麕熤附颉竣賏nd,both...and...連接兩個(gè)不同的主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；但是如果由and連接的兩個(gè)名詞表示同一個(gè)人或物時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Thesingeranddanceristoattendoureveningparty.那位歌舞演員將參加我們的晚會(huì)。②定語從句中關(guān)系代詞作主語時(shí)，從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要與先行詞保持一致。Myfriendshowedmearoundthetown，whichwasveryattractive.我的朋友帶我參觀了這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)，這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)非常迷人。③“manya/morethanone＋單數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。each,every,no所修飾的名詞作主語時(shí)，即使由and連接，謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。Manyaparenthashadtogothroughthissamepainfulprocess.很多父母親不得不經(jīng)歷同樣的痛苦過程。EveryboyandeverygirlwishestoattendthepartytobeheldonSunday.每個(gè)男生和女生都希望參加周日舉行的聚會(huì)。(3)“the＋形容詞”表示一類人，在句中作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Thesickhavebeencuredandthelosthavebeenfound.患病的人被治愈，同時(shí)失蹤的人也被找到了。(4)表示時(shí)間、距離、重量、金額等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞或短語通常作為一個(gè)整體看待，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式。Twothousandmilesisalongdistance.兩千英里是一段很長的距離。2.意義一致原則(1)集體名詞作主語時(shí)，若被看作一個(gè)整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；若被看作構(gòu)成集體的一個(gè)個(gè)成員，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。常見的集體名詞有：family,class,team,group,public,mittee,government,audience等。Thewholeclassweretoldtostaybehindafterschool.全班的學(xué)生被告知放學(xué)后留下。(2)“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)/themajority＋of＋名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于of后名詞的數(shù)以及其表示的意義；all,some,half,most,therest等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于主語實(shí)際表達(dá)的意義。Aboutonethirdofthebookswerewrittenbyhim.這些書中大約有三分之一是他寫的。3.就近一致原則(1)由or,either...or...，neither...nor...，notonly...butalso...，not...but...等連接的名詞(短語)或代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)常與最鄰近的主語保持一致。Eitheryouoroneofyourclassmatesistoattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.你或者你同學(xué)中的一位要去參加明天召開的會(huì)議。(2)由there，here引起的主語不止一個(gè)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)通常和最鄰近的主語保持一致。Therearethreechairs,adeskandaputerintheroom.房間里有三把椅子、一張桌子和一臺(tái)電腦。【即時(shí)演練】單句語法填空1.(2022·安徽安慶二模)Theteamalsosaidthenewmodelprocessesabout10billiontimesasfastasthe53－qubitquantumputerdevelopedbyGoogleandthatthebreakthroughis__(be)theresultof20yearsofeffort,whichhasovereseveralmajortechnologicalblocks.2.(2022·安徽池州一模)Addingthewesterncuttingmethodaswellasshoulderpads(肩墊)makes(make)theclothesfitbetter.3.(2022·廣東汕頭一模)Withinthesleepercarriage,withlittleelsetodo,peopletalkorplaycards,andsoonasmallmunitydevelops(develop)amongthepassengers.4.(2022·河北保定一模)China’sChang’e5missionsuccessfullydeliveredsamples(樣本)ofmoonrockanddusttoEarthonDecember17,2020.Itmarks(mark)thefirsttimeinover40yearsthatmoonrockshavebeenbroughtbacktoourplanet,sincetheSovietUnion’sLuna24missionin1976.5.(2022·唐山二模)Intimewhenourinteractionswithothersandthelargeamountofinformationwetakeinare(be)alltootransient(轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的),perhapsitisworthmakingbitmoretimeforreadingoutloud.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單句語法填空1．(2018·浙江臺(tái)州期末考試)We____________(reduce)emissionofairpollutantsinrecentyears，butcarsarestillmajorsourceofthem.havereduced/havebeenreducing解析：由句中的時(shí)間狀語inrecentyears可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。2．(2018·浙江金、麗、衢十二校聯(lián)考)IjustgraduatedfromWestCoastUniversity.I____________(receive)jobskilltrainingjustbeforethat,butIhadneverworked.hadreceived解析：此處根據(jù)justbeforethat可知，我在之前受過職業(yè)技能的培訓(xùn)，根據(jù)上句中的一般過去時(shí)可知，此處應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)。3．(2018·浙江金華十校模擬)Doctorsandscientists____________(learn)agreatdealaboutsleepinthelastthirtyyears.havelearned解析：根據(jù)inthelastthirtyyears可知，本句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。4．(2018·合肥第一次檢測)It’sfunforamateurstotry,buttobeegoodatit,notonlyyearsofpracticebutalsonaturaltalent____________(need)．isneeded解析：考查主謂一致和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。“notonly...butalso...”作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)遵循就近原則，故此處謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。naturaltalent與動(dòng)詞need之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用isneeded。5．(2018·鄭州質(zhì)量預(yù)測)Agroupofpeopleparaded(游行)throughthevillage,twoofthemdressedasalion,goingintoeveryhometoperformasongforgoodfortune.I____________(attract)bythisandfollowedthegroup,takingphotostosharewithmyfamily.wasattracted解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。該句主語I和動(dòng)詞attract之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；該句敘述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過去時(shí)。6．(2018·貴州普通高等學(xué)校招生適應(yīng)性考試)Therearemanydifferenttaboos(禁忌)aroundtheworld.Atabooisasocialactionthatisnot____________(allow)．a(chǎn)llowed解析：考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。該句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，在that引導(dǎo)的定語從句中關(guān)系詞that代指asocialaction，和動(dòng)詞allow之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。7．(2018·河北七所名校聯(lián)考)Themarket，which____________(call)TrainNightMarketRatchadainEnglish,wasopenedinJanuary2015andhasbeeapopularspotforlocalsandtourists.iscalled解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。定語從句說的是現(xiàn)在的客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；which(指代Themarket)與call之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。8．(2018·浙江嘉興基礎(chǔ)測試)Bythattime，she__________(accept)byYaleUniversityandHarvardUniversityintheU．S.hadbeenaccepted解析：根據(jù)bythattime可知，此處用過去完成時(shí)，she與accept之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填hadbeenaccepted。9．(2018·福建五校統(tǒng)考)Accordingtoarecentsurvey,violencedidexistinschools.Studentsshowedtheirfearandparentsandteachersalso____________(express)theirgreatconcernaboutit.expressed解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。and前后并列時(shí)態(tài)一致，根據(jù)句中showed可知，該句敘述的是發(fā)生在過去的事情，故用一般過去時(shí)。10．(2018·江西南昌一模)Atayoungage，he__________(move)toSpainandnowplaysprofessionallyfortheFCBarcelona.moved解析：根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語atayoungage可知，此處表示過去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過去時(shí)。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)單句改錯(cuò)1．(2017·全國卷Ⅱ短文改錯(cuò))Whensummercame,theywillinvitetheirstudentstopickthefreshvegetables!____________________came→es解析：主句為一般將來時(shí)，時(shí)間狀語從句中要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來，故用es。2．(2016·四川卷短文改錯(cuò))BothDadandIplannedtodosomethingonMother’sDay.Wegetupearlyinthemorning.____________________get→got解析：根據(jù)上句中的planned可知，事情發(fā)生在過去，故應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。3．(2018·湖北武昌區(qū)高三調(diào)研)Finally,Iworkharderthaneverandmadegreatprogressinmymath.____________________work→worked解析：由后面的made可知，此處講述的是過去的事情，故用一般過去時(shí)。4．(2018·西安九校聯(lián)考)Today,atthelocalconveniencestorewhereIwork,anelderlymanwithaguidedogein.____________________e→came解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。這里敘述的是發(fā)生在過去的事情，故用一般過去時(shí)。5．(2018·安徽師大附中高三階段性測試)Thismorning，Igotanemailfromthelibrary.ItsaidthebookIreservedwasreadytobepickingup.____________________picking→picked解析：考查動(dòng)詞語態(tài)。根據(jù)語境可知，pickup和句子邏輯主語book構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。6．(2018·安徽百所重點(diǎn)高中模擬)It’snotthepeopleyoucameacrossinyourdailylifewhowillstandbyyouintimeofneed.____________________came→e解析：根據(jù)本句主要時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)以及此處描述通常的情況可知，此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。7．(2018·山東省部分重點(diǎn)中學(xué)第一次調(diào)研)Tiredofsleepingonthefloor,ayoungmaninTeheranboughtarealbed.Itwasthefirsttimethathehavebeetheproudownerofabed.____________________have→had解析：Itwasthefirsttimethatsb.haddonesth.為固定句型。8．(2018·洛陽統(tǒng)一考試)WhenDadcamehome,henoticedmyuneasinessandaskedmewhathashappened.____________________has→had解析：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。與asked呼應(yīng)可知，此處應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)，表示過去的過去。9．(2018·貴陽監(jiān)測)OnceIwenttothemarketwithmymumforabigdinneronSaturday.Whenwewerewalkingpastthestalls，aloudnoisewascaughtmyattention.____________________刪除was解析：考查動(dòng)詞語態(tài)。主語aloudnoise與catch之間構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，表主動(dòng)，故刪除was。10．(2018·福建福州十三中期中考試)TodayI’vegotwonderfulnewstotellyou.IhadbeenofferedajobatapanyinEnglandformygoodperformance.____________________had→have解析：根據(jù)句意可知，指過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)語法與寫作1．那是我第一次見到外國人。我感到很興奮，就走上前去向他說了聲“hello”。(thefirsttime,see,foreigner,excited,goup,say“hello”to)__________________________________________________