2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit1GrowingupPeriod2Understandingideas課時(shí)素養(yǎng)檢測(cè)含解析外研版選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

PAGE課時(shí)素養(yǎng)檢測(cè)二Unit1Period2Ⅰ.閱讀理解ATherearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisbornwith.Humanbrainsdifferconsiderably,somebeingmorecapablethanothers.Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,anindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothesecondfactoriswhathappenstotheindividual—thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisraised.Ifanindividualishandicappedenvironmentally,itislikelythathisbrainwillfailtodevelopandhewillnevergettothelevelofintelligenceofwhichheiscapable.Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual’sintelligencecanbedemonstratedbythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandMark.Beingidentical,thetwinshadidenticalbrainsatbirth,andtheirgrowthprocesseswerethesame.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsold,theirparentsdied,andtheywereplacedinseparatefosterhomes.Peterwasbroughtupbyparentsoflowintelligenceinanisolatedcommunitywithpooreducationalopportunities.Markwasbroughtupinthehomeofwell-to-doparentswhohadbeentocollege.Hewasreadtoasachild,senttogoodschools,andgiveneveryopportunitytobestimulatedintellectually.Thisenvironmentaldifferencecontinueduntilthetwinswereintheirlateteens,whentheyweregiventeststomeasuretheirintelligence.Mark’sI.Q.was125,twenty-fivepointshigherthantheaverageandfullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother.Givenequalopportunities,thetwins,havingidenticalbrains,wouldhavetestedatroughlythesamelevel.【語篇概述】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了智力和環(huán)境的關(guān)系,同樣智力水平的人,環(huán)境和教化不一樣,智商也會(huì)有很大的不同。1.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MeasuringYourIntelligenceB.IntelligenceandEnvironmentC.TheCaseofPeterandMarkD.HowtheBrainInfluencesIntelligence【解析】選B。主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Sothesecondfactoriswhathappenstotheindividualthesortofenvironmentinwhichheisraised.”可知,本文主要介紹了智力和環(huán)境的關(guān)系。2.Thebeststatementofthemainideaofthispassageisthat_______.

A.humanbrainsdifferconsiderablyB.thebrainapersonisbornwithisimportantindetermininghisintelligenceC.environmentiscrucialindeterminingaperson’sintelligenceD.personshavingidenticalbrainswillhaveroughlythesameintelligence【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第一句“Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual’sintelligencecanbedemonstratedbythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandMark.”可知,雙胞胎Peter和Mark受不同的環(huán)境的影響,最終智力水平也不同是環(huán)境對(duì)確定一個(gè)人智力的重要性的最好證明,由此可知,環(huán)境對(duì)確定一個(gè)人的智力至關(guān)重要是對(duì)文章觀點(diǎn)的最好表述。3.Thecasehistoryofthetwinsappearstosupporttheconclusionthat_______.

A.individualswithidenticalbrainsareseldomtestedatthesamelevelB.anindividual’sintelligenceisdeterminedonlybyhisenvironmentC.lackofopportunityblocksthegrowthofintelligenceD.changesofenvironmentproducechangesinthestructureofthebrain【解析】選C。推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Givenequalopportunities,thetwins,havingidenticalbrains,wouldhavetestedatroughlythesamelevel”可知,假如機(jī)會(huì)均等,這對(duì)擁有相同智力水平的雙胞胎,測(cè)試結(jié)果將大致相同,由此可知,缺乏機(jī)會(huì)阻礙智力的發(fā)展。4.Thispassagesuggeststhatanindividual’sI.Q._______.

A.canbepredictedatbirthB.staysthesamethroughouthislifeC.canbeincreasedbyeducationD.isdeterminedbyhischildhood【解析】選C。推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Markwasbroughtupinthehomeofwell-to-doparentswhohadbeentocollege.Hewasreadtoasachild,senttogoodschools,andgiveneveryopportunitytobestimulatedintellectually.”可知,馬克在上過高校的富有家庭長(zhǎng)大,小時(shí)常常聽故事,被送到好的學(xué)校讀書,并被賜予各種機(jī)會(huì)去激發(fā)他的智力,最終的智商測(cè)試表明馬克的智商遠(yuǎn)高于他的孿生兄弟彼得,由此可知,一個(gè)人的智商可以通過教化提高。BImusthavealwaysknownreadingwasveryimportantbecausethefirstmemoriesIhaveasachilddealwithbooks.TherewasnotonenightthatIdon’tremembermomreadingmeastorybookbymybedside.Iwasextremelyinspiredbytheelegantwaythewordssounded.Ialwayswantedtoknowwhatmymomwasreading.Hearingmomsay,“Ican’tbelievewhat’sprintedinthenewspaperthismorning,”mademewanttograbitoutofherhandsandreaditmyself.Iwantedtobelikemymomandknowallofthethingssheknew.SoIcarriedaroundabook,andeachnight,justtobelikeher,Iwouldpretendtobereading.Thisishoweveryonelearnedtoread.Wewouldstartoffwithsentences,thenparagraphs,andthenstories.Itseemedanunendingjourney,butevenasasix-year-oldgirlIrealizedthatknowinghowtoreadcouldopenmanydoors.Whenmomsaid,“TheC-A-N-D-Yishiddenonthetopshelf,”Iknewwherethecandywas.Myprogressinreadingraisedmycuriosity,andIwantedtoknoweverything.Ioftenfoundmyselftellingmymomtodrivemoreslowly,sothatIcouldreadalloftheroadsignswepassed.Mostofmyreadingthroughprimary,middleandhighschoolwasfactualreading.Ireadforknowledge,andtomakeA’sonmytests.Occasionally,Iwouldreadanovelthatwasassigned,butIdidn’tenjoythistypeofreading.Ilikedfacts,thingsthatareconcrete.Ithoughtanythingabstract(抽象的)lefttoomuchroomforargument.Yet,nowthatI’mgrowingandtheworldIonceknewasbeingsosimpleisbecomingmorecomplex,Ifindmyselfneedingawaytoescape.Byopeninganovel,IcanleavebehindmyburdensandenterintoawonderfulandmysteriousworldwhereIamnowanewcharacter.IntheseworldsIcanbecomeanyone.Idon’thavetowritedownwhathappenedorwhattechniquetheauthorwasusingwhenheorshewrotethis.Ijustreadtorelax.We’retaughttoreadbecauseit’snecessaryformuchofhumanunderstanding.Readingisavitalpartofmylife.Readingsatisfiesmydesiretokeeplearning.AndI’vefoundthatthepossibilitiesthatliewithinbooksarelimitless.【語篇概述】本文是一篇記敘文,作者講解并描述了自己的讀書經(jīng)驗(yàn)和感悟。5.Whydidtheauthorwanttograbthenewspaperoutofmom’shands?A.Shewantedmomtoreadthenewstoher.B.Shewasanxioustoknowwhathadhappened.C.Shecouldn’twaittotearthenewspaperapart.D.Shecouldn’thelpbutstopmomfromreading.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Ialwayswantedtoknowwhatmymomwasreading.Hearingmomsay...mademewanttograbitoutofherhandsandreaditmyself”可知,作者始終想知道媽媽在讀什么。作者想搶過媽媽讀的報(bào)紙,因?yàn)樽髡咦约浩惹械叵肟匆豢磮?bào)紙上寫的內(nèi)容。6.AccordingtoParagraph3,theauthor’sreadingofroadsignsindicates_______.

A.heruniquewaytolocateherselfB.hereagernesstodevelopherreadingabilityC.herefforttoremindmomtoobeytrafficrulesD.hergrowingdesiretoknowtheworldaroundher【解析】選D。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Myprogressinreadingraisedmycuriosity,andIwantedtoknoweverything.”可以推斷出,作者讀路標(biāo)示意作者在閱讀方面的進(jìn)步引起了她的新奇心,想要了解四周的一切。7.Whatwastheauthor’sviewonfactualreading?A.Itwouldhelpherupdatetest-takingskills.B.Itwouldallowmuchroomforfreethinking.C.Itwouldprovidetrueandobjectiveinformation.D.Itwouldhelpshapearealisticandseriousattitudetolife.【解析】選C。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Mostofmyreadingthroughprimary,middleandhighschoolwasfactualreading.Ireadforknowledge,andtomakeA’sonmytests.”可知,小學(xué)和中學(xué)階段的閱讀都是事實(shí)性閱讀,讀書是為了獲得學(xué)問,考試得A。因此事實(shí)性閱讀能夠供應(yīng)真實(shí)的客觀的信息。8.Theauthortakesnovelreadingasawayto_______.

A.exploreafantasylandB.developapassionforlearningC.learnabouttheadultcommunityD.getawayfromaconfusingworld【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段中的“Byopeninganovel,IcanleavebehindmyburdensandenterintoawonderfulandmysteriousworldwhereIamnowanewcharacter.IntheseworldsIcanbecomeanyone.”可知,閱讀小說可以讓作者避開困難的現(xiàn)實(shí)而投入小說中的世界。Ⅱ.完形填空TheGrassCuttingDaysEverytimeweheadedouttocutgrass,Dadwastheretowatch.Iusedto1whyhecamewithus.HestoodwatchingusinthestickyFloridaheatwhenhecouldhavebeeninside2withairconditioningandanicydrink.

Onedaywewerecuttingournext-doorneighbor’syard.Shealwayswaiteduntilthegrasswasknee-hightocallusover.Tomakemattersworse,wehadanoldlawnmowerthatkeptbreakingdownaswetriedtocutthroughherbackyardjungle.Thisparticularafternoon,Iwasfinishingupandwas3andsweaty.I4thetallglassofcoldjuiceIwoulddrinkinaminutetocooldown.

Iwasjustabouttoturnoffthelawnmower5IsawDadpointingtoonesinglebladeofgrass(一片草).IthoughtaboutthesmallamountofmoneyIwasgetting6forcuttinggrasssohighthatitalmostbrokethemower.Iignoredhimandkeptwalking.Dadcalledmeoutandyelled,“Youmissedablade.”Ifrowned(皺眉),hopinghewouldletmegohome.Hekeptpointing.Thoughtiredand7,Istillwentbacktocutthatbladeofgrass.Ithoughttomyself,“Thatonebladeisn’t8anyone.Whywon’thejustletitgo?”

ButwhenIreachedadulthood,Iunderstoodhis9:Whenyou’rerunningabusiness,theworkyoudosaysagreatdealaboutyou.Ifyouwanttobeseenasanhonestbusinessman,youmustdeliveraqualityproduct.Thatsinglebladeofgrass10thejobwasnotdone.

Otherneighborstook11ofthegoodworkwedidandwesoongainedmore12.

Thelessonmydadtaughtmestayedwithme:Be13.Ifyousayyouaregoingtoperformajobatacertaintime,14yourword.Giveyourcustomersthekindof15theywouldliketoreceive.Itshowshowsincereyouareandhowmuchprideyoutakeinyourwork.

【語篇概述】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要講了作者小時(shí)候割草時(shí)父親的話語對(duì)成年以后自己的生意有了特別大的幫助和啟迪。1.A.wonder B.understandC.know D.expect【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。wonder想知道;understand懂得;know知道;expect期望。依據(jù)下文父親本可以待在空調(diào)屋里放松推斷,可知“我們”都去割草,但父親卻只看著,既然這樣,作者想知道他為什么還要跟著去。2.A.hiding B.relaxingC.playing D.talking【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。hiding隱藏;relaxing放松;playing玩耍;talking談話。依據(jù)上文Hestoodwatchingus可知,父親只是站在那里看著我們,作者認(rèn)為與其這樣還不如在開著空調(diào)的房間喝著冰飲料放松自己。3.A.wise B.backC.warm D.tired【解析】選D?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。wise明智的;back后面的;warm暖和的;tired疲憊的。依據(jù)句意可知,空處和sweaty并列,作者割草割得汗流浹背,可見特別累。4.A.pictured B.decidedC.required D.invented【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。pictured想象;decided確定;required須要;invented獨(dú)創(chuàng)。依據(jù)句意和空后的woulddrink,可知此處的冰飲是作者想象出來的。5.A.until B.beforeC.when D.while【解析】選C?？疾闋钫Z從句連詞。until直到;before在……之前;when當(dāng)……時(shí);while然而。beabouttodo...when...是固定句型,意為“剛要……這時(shí)……”,符合句意。6.A.involved B.caughtC.changed D.paid【解析】選D?？疾楣潭ㄓ梅?。involved包含;caught抓住;changed變更;paid支付。依據(jù)句意可知,getpaid是固定搭配,意為“得到酬勞”符合語境。7.A.discouraged B.ashamedC.touched D.shocked【解析】選A?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。discouraged懊喪的;ashamed慚愧的;touched受感動(dòng)的;shocked震驚的。依據(jù)前文可知,作者因工作得很辛苦卻只得到了一小點(diǎn)回報(bào),心里不免有些泄氣。8.A.surprising B.frighteningC.hurting D.challenging【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。surprising使驚異;frightening使驚嚇;hurting損害;challenging向……挑戰(zhàn)。依據(jù)句意可知,hurt意為“損害”,與句意相符。9.A.punishment B.messageC.cruelty D.expression【解析】選B?？疾槊~詞義辨析。punishment懲處;message信息;cruelty殘忍;expression表達(dá)。依據(jù)句意和語境可知,當(dāng)作者成年以后,明白了當(dāng)年父親和他說的那句話,message在此處表示父親傳達(dá)給我的信息。10.A.seemed B.realizedC.meant D.foun