英語外研復(fù)習(xí)教案：UnitGretscientists

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精［話題素材]好詞1．a(chǎn)chievementn。功績；成就2．a(chǎn)mbitionn.雄心；抱負(fù)3．breakthroughn。突破；重大進(jìn)展4．contributionn.貢獻(xiàn)5．energeticadj。精力旺盛的6．creativeadj.有創(chuàng)造力的7．bedevotedto致力于；專心于8．behonoredas被譽(yù)為……9．begiftedat對……有天賦10．beskilledinsth。在……方面熟練11．graduatefrom從……畢業(yè)12．makegreatcontributionsto對……做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)13．makeeffortsto_dosth。努力做某事14．regard.。.as...認(rèn)為……是15．setagoodexampleto為……做出好榜樣佳句1．Heisconsideredasaninspiringleaderandpeoplehavecometolovehim。作為一個鼓舞人心的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，人們已經(jīng)開始喜歡他了。2．Itistheperfectinventionforthosepeoplewhoareunwillingtowearahelmetwhile_ridingbikes。對于那些不愿戴頭盔騎自行車的人來說，這是一個完美的發(fā)明。3．Clearly,everygrown.uptodaywouldunderstandtheworldhelivesinmuchbetterifheknewsomethingaboutphysics.如果每一個成年人懂得一些物理知識，無疑地他會更好地理解自己所生活著的這個世界。[精美語篇］StephenHawkingisoneofthegreatestscientistsintheworldasaresultofhisscientificdiscoveries.HewasbornandbroughtupinacatedfamilyinOxford。HegraduatedfromOxfordUniversity。Inthe1960s，hewasdiagnosedwithmotorneuronedisease.Thoughhecouldn'tmoveandcouldn’tspeak，hestillspoketoothersthroughaspecialcomputeranddidn’tgiveuphisresearch.Heworkedhardandalwayskepthimselfreadingbooksforhours.Hewroteaboutblackholesinspace.HisbookABriefHistoryofTimewaspublishedin1988andisstillabest.seller.Hisdevotiontosciencehasconvertedavictimwithphysicaldisabilityintoaleadingfigureinscience。高頻單詞1．figure(n。)人物;形象;數(shù)字2．publish（vt。)出版；發(fā)行3．support(vt.＆n。）支持；贍養(yǎng)4．replace（vt.）取代；以……代替5．quality（n.)質(zhì)量6．escape（vi。）逃跑;逃避7．straight（adj。）直的；坦率的8．producer（n.）生產(chǎn)者→produce（vt.)生產(chǎn)→production(n。)產(chǎn)量9．leading(adj.)主要的→lead（vt。)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)→leader（n.）領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)袖10．educate（vt.）教育→educator（n.)教育家;教育工作者→education(n。）教育11．original（adj.）原來的；最初的→origin(n.）起源12．export(vt。)出口→import(vt.）進(jìn)口13．brief（adj。）簡短的；簡潔的→briefly(adv.）簡短地;簡潔地14．physical(adj。）身體的；物理學(xué)的→physically（adv。)身體上地15．graduate(vi。）畢業(yè)；(n。）畢業(yè)生→graduation（n。）畢業(yè)重點(diǎn)短語1．bring_up培養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育2．a(chǎn)s_a_result_of由于……的結(jié)果3．be_known_for因……而出名/聞名4．earn_one's_living謀生5．come_to_power掌權(quán)6．bring_in引進(jìn)；帶來7．o.。。把……轉(zhuǎn)化為……8．be_diagnosed_with.。.被診斷為……病9．the_key_to_doing_sth.做某事的關(guān)鍵10．experiment_with..。對……進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)熱點(diǎn)句型1．keep＋賓語＋v。.ing（作賓語補(bǔ)足語）Thetubeswereattachedtoalongstickwhichhelpedkeep_the_rocket_movinginastraightdirection.(教材P39）這些管子被綁到一根長木棍上，這根木棍能使火箭直線前進(jìn).2．noteverybody表示部分否定Butnot_everybodywantedtouserocketsinbattles.（教材P39)但并不是每個人都想在戰(zhàn)爭中使用火箭。3．現(xiàn)在分詞短語充當(dāng)結(jié)果狀語Orwashecarriedmilesintospace,becoming_the_worlDs_first_astronaut？(教材P39)或者是他被送入了太空,成為了世界上第一個宇航員?4．現(xiàn)在分詞短語充當(dāng)原因狀語Moving_in_a_wheelchair_and_speaking_through_a_special_computer，_hehasbecomethevoiceofscience。(教材P37)靠輪椅來移動并且通過特殊的電腦講話，他已經(jīng)成為了科學(xué)界的權(quán)威。5．thekeyto。.?！啊年P(guān)鍵”to為介詞Hethoughtthatthe_key_tofeedingpeoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly。（教材P32）他認(rèn)為，解決人們吃飯問題的關(guān)鍵在于擁有更多的稻米,并且能更快地生產(chǎn)出來。教材復(fù)現(xiàn)在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1．Fromanearlyagehewas________（interest）inplants.答案:interested2．Andthenhecouldproduceanewplant________couldgiveahigheryieldthaneitheroftheoriginalplants.答案：which3．Theresearch________（support)bythegovernment.答案：wassupported4．InPakistanriceisthe________(two)mostimportantcropafterwheatandwill________（grow)inmanypartsofthecountry。答案：second；begrown5．________aresultofYuanLongping’sdiscoveriesChinesericeproductionrose________47.5percentin________1990's。答案：As；by；the6．Perhapssomeofthetubesjumpedoutofthefireinsteadof________(explod）init。答案：exploding7．TheChinesediscoveredthatthegas________（escape)fromthetubecouldliftitintotheair.答案：escaping8．Thetubeswereattached________alongstickwhichhelpedkeeptherocketmoving________astraightdirection。答案:to；in9．One________(Italy)scientisteveninventedarocket________couldtraveloverthesurfaceofwaterandhitanenemyship。答案：Italian；which10．Noone________（know)whathappened。答案：knows1supportvt.&n．支持；擁護(hù)；支撐；供養(yǎng)Theresearchwassupportedbythegovernment.（P33）這項(xiàng)研究得到了政府的支持。(1)supportsb。insth。在某方面支持某人supportafamily/oneself養(yǎng)家糊口/自力更生(2)give/lendsupportto支持insupportof支持；擁護(hù)①[2015·課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅱ]Moreandmorestudentsaretakingagapyeartoearnmoneyto_supporttheirstudyforthedegree.越來越多的學(xué)生利用間隔年來掙錢以支撐學(xué)習(xí)的費(fèi)用.②[2013·陜西高考]Thesemeasuresarestronglysupportedbyenvironmentalgroups。這些措施得到了環(huán)保組織的強(qiáng)烈支持。③[牛津詞典］Onlyafewpeoplespokeinsupportoftheproposal。只有幾個人表示支持這一提議。④［牛津詞典]Thegovernmentsupportedtheunionsintheirdemandforaminimumwage。政府支持這些工會組織提出的確定最低工資的要求。圖解助記⑤寫出下列各句中support的意思a．Themiddlepartofthebridgeissupportedbytwohugetowers.________b．Theysupportedusinthestruggleforanincreaseinpay。________c．Herjobisthefamily’sonlymeansofsupport.________答案:a.支撐b．支持,擁護(hù)c．贍養(yǎng)，供養(yǎng)2escapevi.＆n．逃跑;逃避；逃脫TheChinesediscoveredthatthegasescapingfromthetubecouldliftitintotheair.(P39)中國人發(fā)現(xiàn)從竹筒里漏出的氣體能把竹筒送上天.(1)escapefrom...從……逃走escapedoingsth。逃避做某事escapeone'sattention/notice逃過某人的注意（2）haveanarrowescape九死一生makeone'sescape逃脫；逃走①［2013·湖北高考，完形填空］Hisheartbeatwildly，andwithoutthinkinghestartedtorunandluckilyescapedthecat’spaws(爪子)．他(老鼠）的心怦怦亂跳,趕緊逃竄，幸運(yùn)地躲過了那只貓的抓捕.②[2014·山東高考，閱讀理解B］Thatparticularday，mybrotherandIsatthroughbothmoviestwice，tryingto_escapetheheat.在那個特殊的日子，我弟弟和我一直坐著把兩部電影都看了兩遍，試圖擺脫(外面的)熱浪。③［2014·福建高考］AsCinderellamadeherescape,_ashoegotstuckonthestairs。當(dāng)辛德拉逃跑時(shí),一只鞋粘在了樓梯上.④［朗文高級辭典］Awomanhadanarrowescapeyesterdaywhenhercarlefttheroad。昨天一名女子駕車時(shí)沖出公路,險(xiǎn)些丟了性命。⑤[牛津詞典］Heescaped_fromprisonthismorning.他今天早上從監(jiān)獄里逃跑了。⑥[牛津詞典］Itmighthaveescapedyournotice,butI'mverybusyatthemoment。也許你沒注意到，可我此刻忙得不可開交.3quantityn．?dāng)?shù)量;大量Ayieldreferstoquantityoffood。（P33）產(chǎn)量指的是糧食的數(shù)量。(1)a（large/fair)quantityof大量的＝largequantitiesof大量的，許多的（2）inquantity大量地inquantityandquality在數(shù)量和質(zhì)量上①[2013·重慶高考］Itisfilledwithsymbiotic(共生的)existence，too;unimaginablequantities_ofcreatures，littleandlargealike。它(大西洋）里很多東西共同生長;大量的生物，有大的有小的混合在一起。②[2014·重慶高考，寫作］SinceIwasborn,Ihavereceiveda_good_quantity_ofgifts.自從我出生起，我已經(jīng)收到大量的禮物。③[牛津詞典]It'scheapertobuygoodsin_quantity。大宗購物比較便宜。－特別提示－①aquantityof或quantitiesof后既可以接可數(shù)名詞,也可以接不可數(shù)名詞；②aquantityof＋n。作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞常用單數(shù);③quantitiesof＋n。作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。④用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Alargequantityofmoneyhas_been_spent（spend）inbringinguphischildrensofar.＝Largequantitiesofmoneyhave_been_spent（spend）inbringinguphischildrensofar.到目前為止，許多錢花費(fèi)在撫養(yǎng)他的孩子上。過關(guān)演練在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式1．［2013·北京高考,閱讀理解C］Somestarsstaycalmbysurroundingthemselveswithtrustedfriendsandfamilyorby________(escape）toremoteplacesawayfrombigcities.答案：escaping2．［2014·廣東高考,閱讀理解C］Eventually,however,Iwonthe________(support)ofmyfamilyandIsentinallthepaperworkneededforapplication。答案：support3．［2015·四川高考]Nikiisalwaysfullofideas，but________isusefultomyknowledge.答案：none4．［2015·廣東高考］Heowned________farm,whichlookedalmostabandoned.答案：a5．Cuttingoffthetreesrandomlyand________quantityshouldbeforbidden.答案：in6．Someteenagerstendtoquitwhentheygetintoamess________whichtheycan’tescape。答案:from7．The________（quality)ofourlivesdependsonourinterpersonalrelationshipsincewearesocialbeings.答案：quality8．Education________（convert)himtoalearnedgentleman。答案：hasconverted1earnone's/aliving謀生Hegotajobinanofficetoearnhisliving。（P37)(他）在一間辦公室得到一份工作用以謀生。eq\a\vs4\al(earn/makea/one'slivingby/from靠……謀生,earnone’sownliving自食其力,earnafortune/money賺大錢/掙錢）①［2014·湖北高考]Duringtheweeksthatfollowed,welearnedtosurviveinourtruckandliveonthelittlemoneymywifeearnedbysubstituteteaching。在接下來的幾周里我們學(xué)會了如何在卡車中靠妻子代課掙得的微薄收入生活。②[2013·山東高考,作文]Ononehand,Icanearnsomemoneybydoingittohelpmyparents,andontheotherhand,Icangainsomeexperiencefromit。一方面，我能通過做這樣的事賺錢來幫助父母，另一方面，我能從中獲得一些經(jīng)驗(yàn).③[朗文高級辭典]Youdon'tearnmuchmoneybeinganurse。當(dāng)護(hù)士掙錢并不多.④［朗文高級辭典］Chriswillpay-he’searningafortune.克里斯會付款的，他在掙大錢.2cometo/intopower掌權(quán);上臺；執(zhí)政（He)leftGermanywhenHitlercametopowerandwenttoworkintheUS。（P37）希特勒上臺時(shí)他離開了德國,到美國工作了。eq\a\vs4\al(inpower當(dāng)權(quán)，takepower當(dāng)權(quán)；執(zhí)政,beyond/outofone'spower不能勝任，力所不能及，within/inone’spower有能力；力所能及)①［2013·陜西高考]Class，powerandstatusareimportantindecidingpeople'srankinsociety。階級、權(quán)力、地位是決定人們社會等級方面很重要的因素。②[牛津詞典]Thepartycame_to_poweratthelastelection。這個政黨是在上次大選中當(dāng)選執(zhí)政的。③Itisnotwithinmypower。我是愛莫能助啊。－特別提示－cometopower與beinpower都表示“掌權(quán)”,但前者表示動作，不能與時(shí)間段連用，后者表示狀態(tài)，可以與時(shí)間段連用。④Thepresentgovernmenthasbeeninpowerfortwoyears。＝Thepresentgovernmentcametopowertwoyearsago.現(xiàn)政府執(zhí)政兩年了。過關(guān)演練選詞填空inpower；earna/one'sliving；earnone’sownliving;thekeyto；cometopower;bringin；bringup；bediagnosedwith1．[2013·課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅰ，閱讀理解A]I've________bylookingforthebestdealsandexposingtheworsttricks。答案:earneda/myliving2．Thegovernment________isdevotedtotheimprovementofeducation.答案：inpower3．[2011·遼寧高考，單項(xiàng)填空］Youareoldenoughto________.答案：earnyourownliving4．［北師大①－1]Beinghappyis________afun.filledlife。答案：thekeyto5．［2015·重慶高考]Atthirteen,I________akindofattentiondisorder.答案：wasdiagnosedwith6．They’ve________someexpertstoadviseontheproject。答案：broughtin7．Thisistheplacewherethewriterwasbornand________。答案:broughtup8．Assoonastheirparty________，theychangedthelaw.答案:cametopower1Thetubeswereattachedtoalongstickwhichhelpedkeep_the_rocket_movinginastraightdirection。（P39）這些管子被綁到一根長木棍上，這根木棍能使火箭直線前進(jìn)。eq\x（本句中包含句型keepsb。/sth。doingsth。“讓某人一直做某事”。)keep用于復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，其賓語補(bǔ)足語可以是介詞短語、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、形容詞、副詞等.但高考主要考查分詞,其用法如下：(1）keep＋賓語＋過去分詞，過去分詞和賓語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系。(2）keep＋賓語＋現(xiàn)在分詞，現(xiàn)在分詞和賓語構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系.①［2014·天津高考，完形填空］Thequestionkeptmewonderingfortherestofthenight。Irealizedthetoughdecisionsadultshadtomake。這個問題讓我接下來的整個晚上一直在想。我意識到了大人們必須要做的艱難的決定。②［2013·湖北高考］WhenIworkonthefarmlandinthedaytime.Ialwayskeepmysheeptiedtoatreeontheriverbank。白天干農(nóng)活的時(shí)候，我總是把羊拴在河邊的樹上.③［牛津詞典］Haveanappletokeepyougoingtilldinnertime.吃個蘋果就能挨到吃晚飯了。④[朗文高級辭典]Thepoliceputupbarrierstokeepthecrowdsback.警方設(shè)置了障礙物來擋住人群。2Butnot_everybodywantedtouserocketsinbattles.(P39）但并不是每個人都想在戰(zhàn)爭中使用火箭。eq\x(句中noteverybody表示部分否定。)(1)否定副詞not與表示整體或全部意義的詞every，everyone，everything,everybody，both，all連用時(shí),表示部分否定，也稱半否定.意為“并不都，不全是”。（2）若要表示全部否定，則應(yīng)用相應(yīng)的表示全部否定的否定詞。如all—none(一個也沒有，沒有任何東西),both—neither(兩個都不），every-no，everyone—noone/nobody，everything—nothing等。①［2013·大綱全國卷］It'saneither。orsituation－wecanbuyanewcarthisyearorwecangoonholidaybutwecan’tdoboth。只能二選一，我們或者今年買新車，或者去度假，但不能兩者都做.②[朗文高級辭典］It'seithermeorher。Youcan’thaveitbothways。要么我，要么她，你不可能兩個人都要。③［朗文高級辭典］Not_everyoneenjoyssport。并不是誰都喜歡體育運(yùn)動的。過關(guān)演練完成句子1．[2013·安徽高考]Youcanevenhelpto________________byrecyclingbatteriesinsteadofthrowingthemaway。通過回收電池而不是扔掉它們，你甚至能幫助保持我們的水源干凈。答案：keepourwatersupplyclean2．[2011·重慶高考］MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedto__________________hisowndreams。邁克爾在床邊掛了一張姚明的照片以便時(shí)刻提醒自己記得自己的夢想.答案：keephimselfremindedof3．I____________of