Unit 14【速記清單】-2023-2024學(xué)年九年級(jí)英語全一冊(cè)單元速記·巧練（人教版）（原卷版）

Unit14IremembermeetingallofyouinGrade7Unit14話題Schooldays(學(xué)校生活）詞匯1.surveyn.調(diào)查2.standardn.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，水平3.rowc.n.一排，一列，一行4.keyboardc.n.鍵盤式，電子樂器，鍵盤5.methodc.n.方法，措施6.instructionc.n.指示，命令instructv.指令，命令instructor指導(dǎo)者7.textc.n.課文，文本8.levelc.n/u.n.水平，等級(jí)9.doublev.加倍，是…的兩倍adj.兩倍的,加倍的10.senioradj.級(jí)別（或地位）高的11.caringadj.體貼人的，關(guān)心他人的(more-most-)12.congratulatev.祝賀n.congratulation13.overcomev.(overcame,overcome)克服，戰(zhàn)勝14.shallmodal.v將要，將會(huì)15.degreec.n.學(xué)位，度數(shù)，程度16.managerc.n.經(jīng)理，經(jīng)營(yíng)者17.gentlemanc.n.先生，紳士gentlemenpl.18.ceremonyc.n.典禮，儀式ceremoniespl.19.taskc.n.任務(wù)，工作20.wingc.n.翅膀，翼21.separateadj.單獨(dú)的，分離的v.分開，分離u.n.separation22.graduatev.畢業(yè)，獲得學(xué)位c.n.畢業(yè)生graduationn.畢業(yè)23.caringadj.體貼人的，關(guān)心他人的(more-most-)24.senioradj.級(jí)別（或地位）高的25.thirstyadj.(thirstierthirstiest)渴望的，口渴的thirstn.渴，口渴v.渴望，渴求26.thankfuladj.感謝的，感激的v.thankthankyou=thanks(pl.)thankfullyadv.27.responsibleadj.有責(zé)任心的responsibilityn.責(zé)任心(pl.)responsibilities28.lastlyadv.最后lastadj.最后的v.持續(xù)29.aheadadv.向前面，在前面短語1.specialmemories特別的回憶2.meetthestandardsof…滿足…的要求3.thisgroupoffriends這群朋友4.…inarow連續(xù)做…5.advisesb.todo…建議某人做…5.teachingmethods教學(xué)方式6.clearinstructions明確的指示7.guidesb.todo…指導(dǎo)某人做…8.mainsubjectof……的主題9.morningreadings晨讀10.overcomefear戰(zhàn)勝恐懼11.lookbackat…回望…12.makeamess弄得一團(tuán)亂13.keepone’scool保持淡定14.seniorhigh(school)高中15.goby(時(shí)間)逝去,過去16.Englishlevel英語水平17.haveproblemswithpronunciation發(fā)音有困難18.getabusinessdegree獲得商業(yè)學(xué)位19.believein相信20.bethirstyfor…對(duì)…充滿渴望21.makemistakesalongtheway一路犯錯(cuò)22.beresponsiblefor…對(duì)…負(fù)責(zé)23.goyourseparateway踏上各自的路24.setoutonyournewjourney踏上新的旅程句型1.IremembermeetingallofyouinGrade7.我記得在7年級(jí)見過你們所有人。2.Someonewasadvisedtotakeabreakfromrunningbyateacher.有人被老師建議不要跑步，休息一下。3.Whichteacherswillyoumissthemostafterjuniorhighschool,Clara?初中畢業(yè)后你最想念哪個(gè)老師？4.Shehelpedyoutoworkouttheanswersyourselfnomatterhowdifficulttheywere.無論多么難的問題她總是幫助你自己算出答案。5.HealwaystookthetimetoexplainthingstomeclearlywheneverIcouldn'tunderstandanything.每當(dāng)我不能理解的時(shí)候，他總是花時(shí)間把事情對(duì)我解釋清楚。6.Becauseofher,Iputmoreeffortandmyexamscoresdoubled.因?yàn)樗?，我付出更多努力，所以我的考試分?jǐn)?shù)翻倍提高。7.Themanylonghoursoftraining.Prideofovercomingfear.無數(shù)個(gè)小時(shí)的訓(xùn)練。戰(zhàn)勝恐懼后臉上的豪氣。8.Firstofall,I'dliketocongratulateallthestudentswhoareheretoday.首先，我要祝賀今天在這里所有的學(xué)生。9.ButtodayIseearoomfulloftalentedyoungadultswhoarefullofhopeforthefuture.但今天我看到一屋子充滿天賦的并對(duì)未來充滿希望的年青人。10.Althoughyou’veallworkedveryhardoverthelastthreeyears,noneofyoudiditalone.在過去的三年里雖然你們已經(jīng)非常的努力，但是你們中誰也不是獨(dú)自就能成功的。11.Pleaseconsiderwhatthey’vedoneforyouandwhattheymeantoyou.請(qǐng)認(rèn)真考慮他們?yōu)槟銈兯龅模胂胨麄儗?duì)你們意味著什么。12.Idon'tneedtotellyouthatlifeinseniorhighschoolwillbeharderthatyouhavemanydifficulttasksaheadofyou.我不需要告訴你們高中的生活會(huì)更加艱苦，在你們的面前有許多困難的任務(wù)。13.Behindeachdooryouopenarechancestolearnnewthings,andyouhavetheabilitytomakeyourownchoices.你們打開的每扇門的后面是你們學(xué)習(xí)新鮮事物的機(jī)會(huì)，你們有能力做出自己的選擇。14.Choosewiselyandberesponsibleforyourdecisionsandactions.Althoughyouhavetogoyourseparatewaynow,Ihopethatinafewyears’time,you’llcomebacktovisitourschool.明智的選擇并對(duì)自己的決定和行為負(fù)責(zé)。雖然現(xiàn)在你們不得不踏上分手之路，但我希望幾年以后你們能回來參觀我們的學(xué)校。15.Asyousetoutonyournewjourney,youshouldn'tforgetwhereyoucamefrom.Thefutureisyours.當(dāng)你們踏上新的旅程，你們不應(yīng)該忘記從哪里來。未來是你們的。語法非謂語動(dòng)詞；寫作Schooldays(學(xué)校生活）考點(diǎn)1patience的用法【教材原句】IknowthatMs.Leewasalwayspatientwithyouinmathclass.【句型剖析】bepatientwith對(duì)……有耐心patientadj.忍耐的；有耐心的n.病人patience[U]n.耐心bepatienttodosth耐心做某事Thedoctorisverypatientwithhispatients.那位醫(yī)生對(duì)他的病人十分有耐心。Heispatienttoqueueatthebusstopeveryday.他每天都耐心地在公共汽車站排隊(duì)。Mypatiencehascompletelyrunout.我的耐心徹底沒了?！窘?jīng)典練】UsedtoTVshows,whereeverythingisquickandfunny,manypeopledonothavethe

________toreadabookthatrequiresthinking.A．patience B．wisdom C．courage考點(diǎn)2.nomatterhow的用法【教材原句】Shehelpedyoutoworkouttheanswersyourselfnomatterhowdifficulttheywere.【句型剖析】nomatterhow意為＂無論怎樣＂，相當(dāng)于however，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。Nomatterhowfarwearefromyou,wewillmissyou.不論我們離你多遠(yuǎn)，我們都會(huì)想念你。【知識(shí)拓展】＂nomatter疑問詞＂結(jié)構(gòu)nomatterwho/what/when等引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，可與whoever，whatever，whenever等轉(zhuǎn)換。Nomatterwho/Whoeverknocks,don’topenthedoor.不管誰敲門，都不要開門。Nomatterwhenyouarrive,callme.無論你何時(shí)抵達(dá)，打給我。Nomatterwhatyouthink,he’saniceperson.無論你怎么想，他是個(gè)好人。Nomatterhowharditis,don’tgiveup.無論有多難，都別放棄。【經(jīng)典練】Wewillnevergiveupstudying,__________difficultitis.A．nomatterwhat B．nomatterwhereC．nomatterhow D．nomatterwhen【寫作佳句】NomatterhowhardItried,Istillcouldn’tdowellinitandalmostgaveitup.考點(diǎn)3.shall的用法【教材原句】Shallwegeteachofthemacardandgifttosaythankyou?我們給他們每人一張卡片和一份禮物來表示感謝，好嗎？【句型剖析】（1）shall的主語必須是第一人稱I或we，句型＂Shalll/we...?＂表示建議或征求對(duì)方意見，意為＂我/我們可以……嗎?＂或＂……好嗎?＂。對(duì)此類表建議的句型作肯定回答時(shí)，常用＂Goodidea./Sure./Certainly./Yes,let’s...＂等。ShallIopenthewindowandclosethedoor?我把窗戶打開，把門關(guān)上，好嗎？（2）shall作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，意為＂將要；將會(huì)＂，其后接動(dòng)詞原形，表示一般將來時(shí)，用在陳述句中時(shí)其主語必須是第一人稱。NextweekIshallbeinScotland.下周我就在蘇格蘭了?！窘?jīng)典練】—________wegotothecinematonight?

—I’mafraidIcan’t.Ihavetohavemypianolesson.A．Need B．Must C．Can D．Shall考點(diǎn)4.whenever的用法【教材原句】HealwaystookthetimetoexplainthingstomeclearlywheneverIcouldn’tunderstandanything.【句型剖析】takethetimetodosth.表示＂花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事＂；explainsth.tosb.表示＂給某人解釋某事＂。OurEnglishteacheroftentakesthetimetoexplainthetexttous.我們的英語老師經(jīng)?；ㄙM(fèi)時(shí)間給我們解釋課文。whenever作連詞或副詞，具體用法如下：(1)作連詞，意為“任何時(shí)候，不論何時(shí)”。例如：Comewheneveryoulike.你什么時(shí)候想來就來。(2)作連詞，意為“每當(dāng)、每逢、每次”。例如：Wheneverweseehimwespeaktohim.每次見到他，我們都和他說話。Youseemtohaveaready-madeanswer,wheneverIaskyouaquestion.每逢我問你問題,你總好像有現(xiàn)成的答案。(3)作副詞，意為“任何時(shí)間”，“任何時(shí)候”。例如：OnMonday,Wednesdayorwhenever.星期一，星期三或隨便什么時(shí)候。It’snoturgent，sowecandoitnextweekorwhenever.不是急事，我們可以下星期做或其他時(shí)候做。(4)作副詞，意為“究竟什么時(shí)候”。例如：Wheneverdidyoubuythat?那你到底是什么時(shí)候買的?【經(jīng)典練】Asadriver,weshouldobeythetrafficrules________wedriveontheroad.A．wherever B．whenever C．whatever D．however【寫作佳句】WheneverImeetadifficulty,I’lllookupinreferencebooksorsearchforanansweronline..考點(diǎn)5.shall的用法【教材原句】Shallwegeteachofthemacardandgifttosaythankyou?【句型剖析】shallmodalv.將要；將會(huì)。shall用于第一人稱，表示＂將來，將會(huì)＂；用在問句中表示征求對(duì)方意見，主要用于第一、第二人稱；用于陳述句中的第二、第三人稱，表示說話人的意圖、允諾、警告、命令、決心等。Ishallbethirtynextyear.明年我就三十歲了。Youshallhaveitbacktomorrow.你明天可以將它拿回。Heshallstayinbed.他必須躺在床上。【經(jīng)典練】—Shallwegoswimming?—________A．Thanks. B．Goodidea. C．Let’sgoswimming. D．Yes.考點(diǎn)6.cool用法【教材原句】I’mtryingtokeepmycool.【句型剖析】cool作名詞，表示“冷靜”。keepone’scool意為“保持沉著，不讓自己失去控制”。例如：Evenwhenyouargue,youshouldtrytokeepyourcool.即使在爭(zhēng)辯時(shí)，你也要盡力保持冷靜?！就卣埂?1)cool用作名詞時(shí)，還可意為“涼爽；涼爽的時(shí)間(或地方)”。例如：Shewalkedintothecoolofthehallway.她走入了涼爽的過道。(2)cool用作形容詞時(shí)，意為“涼爽的；冷靜的，沉著的”，常做定語或表語。例如：Thehallisniceandcool.大廳既漂亮又涼爽。Becool.Everythingwillbeallright.冷靜一點(diǎn)，一切都會(huì)沒問題的。(3)cool也可用于口語中，意為“很棒的，極好的，酷”。例如：Thatsingingstarisreallycool.那位歌星實(shí)在很棒?！窘?jīng)典練】—ItisreportedthatthethreeShenzhouXIVastronautsreturnedtoEarthsuccessfully.—________!I’msoproudofthem.A．It’sOK B．That’scool C．It’sapity D．That’snoexcuse【寫作佳句】Asfortheweather,it’salittlehotinBeijinginsummer,sopleasebringsomecoolclothes.考點(diǎn)7.consider的用法【教材原句】Pleaseconsiderwhatthey’vedoneforyouandwhattheymeantoyou.【句型剖析】consider作動(dòng)詞，意為“考慮，認(rèn)為”。它的后面跟名詞、動(dòng)名詞或者從句作賓語。例如：Pleaseconsidermysuggestion.請(qǐng)考慮我的建議。Whydon’tyouconsidervisitingQingDao？你為什么不考慮去青島參觀？Iconsiderthatheisaselfishman.我認(rèn)為他是一個(gè)自私的人?！就卣埂亢蠼觿?dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞及短語可參考以下歸納：完成，實(shí)踐，值得，忙（finish,practice,beworth,bebusy）；考慮，建議，不禁，想（consider,suggest,can’thelp,feellike）；錯(cuò)過，習(xí)慣，（別）放棄（miss,beusedto,giveup）；繼續(xù)，喜歡，（要）介意（keepon,enjoy,mind）?！窘?jīng)典練】Peterconsiders________apetdogsothathewon’tfeellonelyathome.A．keep B．keeping C．keeps D．tokeep【寫作佳句】Second,IwillkeepwatchingEnglishmoviesanditisconsideredtobethebestwaytolearnaboutWesternculture.考點(diǎn)8.Firstofall的用法【教材原句】Firstofall,I’dliketocongratulateallthestudentswhoareheretoday.【句型剖析】firstofall意為“首先，第一”常常放在句首，后用逗號(hào)隔開，表示重要性上的先后。例如：Firstofall,letmetellyouthenews.首先，讓我告訴你這個(gè)消息。【拓展】atfirst意為“開始，起初”，強(qiáng)調(diào)順序上的先后。例如：Atfirst,letmeintroducemyfriendMiketoyou.Then…首先，我來給你介紹一下我的朋友Mike，然后……Atfirstherefusedtoacceptanyresponsibilitybutheendedupapologizing.最初他拒不承認(rèn)有任何責(zé)任,到頭來還是道了歉?！窘?jīng)典練】________,pleasewritedownyournameandphonenumber.A．Atthemoment B．Firstofall C．Everyday D．Fromnowon【寫作佳句】Firstofall,CantonTowerissograndandbeautifulespeciallyintheeveningthatyoucan'thelpbeingfascinatedbyit．考點(diǎn)9.although的用法【教材原句】Althoughyouhavetogoyourseparatewaysnow,Ihopethatinafewyears’time,you’llcomebacktovisitourschool.【句型剖析】although的意思是＂盡管，雖然＂，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。Althoughheisalittlechild,heknowsalot.雖然他是個(gè)小孩子，但是他知道很多。that引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，作動(dòng)詞hope的賓語。IhopethatIcanvisittheGreatWallsomeday.我希望有一天我能夠去參觀長(zhǎng)城。inafewyears’time的意思是＂在未來幾年的時(shí)間里＂，采用了＂in+一段時(shí)間＂結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語，主句使用一般將來時(shí)。Iwillleaveinfivehours.五個(gè)小時(shí)后我將離開。【經(jīng)典練】Hedoesn’tgiveupEnglish________itisdifficultenoughforhim.A．a(chǎn)lthough B．if C．so【寫作佳句】AlthoughIcouldn'tswimverywell,Iwasveryhappy..考點(diǎn)10.whom的用法【教材原句】Itisalwayshardtoseparatefromthosewhomyouhavespentsomuchtimewithforthepastthreeyears.【句型剖析】whom引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，修飾先行詞those,whom在定語從句中作spent的賓語。ThisisthemanwhomItalkwith.這就是我和他談話的那個(gè)人?！疽谆毂嫖觥縮eparate...from...，divide...into...(1)separate...from...表示＂將……與……分開＂，指把原來連在一起或接近的部分分隔開來。Thispatientshouldbeseparatedfromtheothers.這個(gè)病人應(yīng)該隔離。(2)o...表示把某個(gè)整塊分割為若干部分。Theworldisdividedintosevencontinents.世界被分成七大洲?！窘?jīng)典練】—With________isLindatalking?—Hersister.A．whom B．whose C．that D．which考點(diǎn)11.祈使句的用法【教材原句】Neverfailtobethankfultothepeoplearoundyou.【句型剖析】祈使句的否定表達(dá)：(1).Don't+動(dòng)詞原形

Don'tstandup.別站起來。

Don'tbecareless.別粗心。

Don'tletthemplaywithfire.別讓他們玩火。

(2).Let's(letsb)+not+動(dòng)詞原形

Let'snotsayanythingaboutit.對(duì)于這件事，咱們什么也別說。

Letthemnotplaywithfire.別讓他們玩火。

(3).在公共場(chǎng)合的提示語中,否定祈使句常用No+名詞/V-ing形式結(jié)構(gòu),表示禁止做某事

NOPHOTOS!禁止拍照!

(4).在Be動(dòng)詞引起的肯定祈使句前加Don't,構(gòu)成Don'tbe+其它成分。Don'tbecareless.不要粗心。

【經(jīng)典練】________othersandyouwillfeelhappyatthesametime.A．Help B．Tohelp C．Helping D．Helped考點(diǎn)12.倒裝的用法【教材原句】Behindeachdooryouopenarechancestolearnnewthings,andyouhavetheabilitytomakeyourownchoice.【句型剖析】“youopen”是省略that/which引導(dǎo)的定語從句。此句為倒裝句，原句順序?yàn)椋篊hancestolearnnewthingsarebehindeachdooryouopen，主語為chances屬于復(fù)數(shù)形式，因此be動(dòng)詞用are，倒裝句起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語chances。固搭：havetheabilitytodosth.意為“有能力做某事?！薄窘?jīng)典練】—Romewasn’tbuiltinoneday.Onlybyhardwork________thesatisfyingresults.—That’sright.Ican’tagreewithyoumore.A．wecanget B．canweget C．getwe【寫作佳句】OnlyinthiswaycanwebecomeagoodChineselearner.一．語法精講——非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)01定義與結(jié)構(gòu)【語法詳解】定義：非謂語動(dòng)詞首先是一種動(dòng)詞形式，其次是這種動(dòng)詞形式不能做謂語，綜合這兩點(diǎn)，我們將其叫做非謂語動(dòng)詞。非謂語動(dòng)詞包含四種形式，即不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。其中，每種形式按照發(fā)生時(shí)間和主被動(dòng)又包括不同的子形式。具體如下：【語法詳解】不定式常用形式：①基本形式：todo（表示主動(dòng)，并且一般表示將來）②被動(dòng)式：tobedone（表示被動(dòng)，并且一般表示將來）③進(jìn)行式：tobedoing（表示主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行）④完成時(shí)：tohavedone（表示主動(dòng)和完成）⑤完成被動(dòng)式：tohavebeendone（表示被動(dòng)和完成）⑥完成進(jìn)行式：tohavebeendoing（表示主動(dòng)和完成進(jìn)行）語法功能：1）主語：Tomasteraforeignlanguageisveryimportant.2）表語：Myjobistodrivethemtothecompanyeveryday.3）賓語：DoyouwanttovisittheGreatWall?Canyougiveussomeadviceonwhattodonext?4）賓補(bǔ)：Theteacheradvisedustohavearestfirst.Ididn′tnoticethemcomein.5）定語：不定式位于所修飾的名詞，代詞之后，如：Whowasthefirstonetosettothetopofthehillyesterday?/Heisthemantodependon/tobelievein.6）狀語：A．目的狀語：ShereadsChinaDailyeverydayinorderto/soasto/toimproveherEnglish.注：inorderto可以位于句首或句中，soasto不能位于句首。B．原因狀語：I’mgladtoseeyou.C．結(jié)果狀語：Theylivedtoseetheliberationoftheirhometown.他們一直活到見到家鄉(xiāng)解放?！髟凇皌oo…to…”結(jié)構(gòu)中表“太…結(jié)果不能”，如：Heistooweaktodothework.注：too之前如果有only,onlytoo表“非?！?、“很”意，此時(shí)不定式不再表否定意，而表肯定意。如：Theyareonlytooluckytogoabroadforavisit.他們很幸運(yùn)去國(guó)外訪問。另外，too后如果是happy,glad之類形容詞時(shí)，不定式也表肯定意，如：Shewastoohappytomeetheroldfriendinthestreet.△在“形容詞/副詞＋enough＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中表“足以能…”，如：Heisstrongenoughtodothework.4．疑問詞＋不定式：可作主語、表語或賓語。如：Howtofinishtheworkintimeisaproblem.（主語）Wedon’tknowwhenandwheretogo.（賓語）6．不定式的時(shí)態(tài)形式所表示的時(shí)間關(guān)系：1）一般式：表示的動(dòng)作和謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，或在謂語動(dòng)作之后，或沒有時(shí)間限制。例如：Shehopestogothereagain.（在謂語動(dòng)作之后）ItisnecessaryandimportanttoreadEnglisheveryday.（無時(shí)間限制）Thefactorytomakeradiosisoverthere.（無時(shí)間限制）2）完成式：表示的動(dòng)作在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前。如：I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting./Sheseemstohavebeenateacherformanyyears.3）進(jìn)行式：表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作且與謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生.如：ShehappenedtobewritingaletterintheroomwhenIcomein.7．不定式的被動(dòng)式如：Whatistobedoneisunknown./Thebridgetobebulitthereisverylong.【語法詳解】動(dòng)名詞常用形式：①基本形式：doing（表示主動(dòng)）②被動(dòng)式：beingdone（表示被動(dòng)）③完成式：havingdone（表示主動(dòng)和完成）④完成被動(dòng)式：havingbeendone（表示被動(dòng)和完成）語法功能：作主語：Yoursmokingtoomuchwilldoharmtoyourhealth.（動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句首作主語時(shí)，只能用sb’s的形式，此句中的Your不可改為You。）作賓語：Idon’tlikehis/himstayingwithus.作表語：Myjoyishiswinningthetable－tennisgame.（his不能改為him）.在remember,forget,regret,excuse,apologize等動(dòng)詞之后，某些介詞后，或某些習(xí)慣用語中，用動(dòng)名詞的一般式就可以表示完成式的概念。如：Irememberlending/havinglenthimsomemoneybefore.Heforgotpromising/havingpromisedmethat./Afterfinishinghishomework,hewentoutforawalk.動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式如果動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語為動(dòng)名詞所表示動(dòng)作的承受者，這個(gè)動(dòng)名詞就要用被動(dòng)式。如：Theproblemisfarfrombeingsettled.動(dòng)名詞與不定式作主語、賓語的用法比較作主語：(1)多數(shù)情況兩者可以互換。例如：Seeingisbelieving.＝Toseeistobelieve.Talkingiseasyanddoingisdifficult.＝Totalkiseasyandtodoisdifficult.(2)如果表示一種具體、短期的行為，或表示將來的行為，宜用不定式。例如：Ittookhimtwohourstofinishthework.Tobeascientistishisdesire（愿望）.(3)如果表示一種經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的行為，一般用動(dòng)名詞。例如：Gettingupearlyisagoodhabit.作賓語：有些動(dòng)詞跟不定式、動(dòng)名詞作賓語皆可，意義也差不多：begin,start,continue,love,prefer等。有些動(dòng)詞后只跟不定式作賓語，主要有：wish,hope,expect,demand,refuse,decide.有些動(dòng)詞后只能跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語，已學(xué)過的這類詞有：finish,imagine,insiston,enjoy,escape,consider,can′thelp,admit,avoid,mind,miss,practise,putoff（延遲）＝delay,suggest.feellike,lookforwardto,devote…to(doing),beworth.(4)有些動(dòng)詞后跟不定式、動(dòng)名詞意義有明顯差別，主要有：forget,remember,regret,stop,mean,try,want,need,require,goonA.forgettodosth.忘記要做某事forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某事＝forgethavingdonesth.＝forgettohavedonesth.B.remembertodosth.記住要做某事rememberdoingsth.記住做過某事C.regrettodosth.遺憾（要）做某事regretdoingsth.懊悔做了某事D.stoptodosth.停下（原事）去做某事stopdoingsth.停止做某事【語法詳解】現(xiàn)在分詞常用形式：①基本形式：doing（表示主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行）②被動(dòng)式：beingdone（表示被動(dòng)和進(jìn)行）③完成式：havingdone（表示主動(dòng)和完成）④完成被動(dòng)式：havingbeendone（表示被動(dòng)和完成）一般主動(dòng)式用法：A．作定語：Thesleepingchildisonlyfiveyearsold.(＝Thechildwhoissleepingis…)/ThegirlwritingalettertherecanspeakEnglishverywell.(＝Thegirlwhoiswritingalettercan…)ThefactorymakingTVsetsisverylarge.(＝ThefactorywhichmakesTVsetsisverylarge.)B．作表語：Thestorysoundsveryinteresting./Thenewsisveryexciting.C．作賓補(bǔ)：學(xué)用于see,watch,hear,feel,find,have,keep等動(dòng)詞之后。如：Wecanseesteamrisingfromthewetclothes./IsawTomcomingoutofthehouse./Don′tkeepthestudentsdoinghomeworkallday.注：例如：IheardthemsingingintheroomwhenIpassedit.(singing不可改為sing)Doyouoftenhearthemsingintheroom?(sing不可改為singing)havesb.dosth.與havesb.doingsth.的區(qū)別：前者h(yuǎn)ave＝let,后者h(yuǎn)ave有時(shí)表“keep”意，有時(shí)表“employ（雇用）”意。如：I’llhavehimgowithme.我將讓他和我一塊去。I’llhavehimworkinginmycompary.我將雇用他在我的公司里工作。Don’thavethemachineworkingallday.不要讓機(jī)器整天工作。D．作狀語：①時(shí)間狀語：Readingtheletter,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofmyschoollife.②原因狀語：Beingill,Ididn’tgotoschoolyesterday.③方式或伴隨狀語：MarystoodattheschoolgatewaitingforBetty.2）完成主動(dòng)式用法：這種分詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句中謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前，一般在句中作時(shí)間或原因狀語用.如：Havingfinishedherhomework,shewenttobed./Nothavingreceivedhisletter,shewrotetohimagain.3）一般被動(dòng)式用法：表示正在發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作如：Thecarbeingrepairedismine.(＝Thecarwhichisbeingrepairedismine.)/Beingrepaired,thecarcan’tbeused.(＝As/Becauseitisbeingrepaired,thecarcan’tbeused.)完成被動(dòng)式用法：表示發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作如：Havingbeenpraisedasecondtime,Idecidedtomakestillgreaterprogress.【語法詳解】過去分詞：done及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞表示被動(dòng)或完成；不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞表示主動(dòng)或完成。pollutedriver被污染的河流fallenleaves落葉注意：非謂語動(dòng)詞本身不能表示現(xiàn)在和過去。非謂語動(dòng)詞表示進(jìn)行、將來和完成時(shí)是相對(duì)于謂語動(dòng)作來說的：和謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生表示進(jìn)行；發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之后表示將來；發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前表示完成。過去分詞的基本用法：1）作定語：Thestolencarwasfoundbythepolicelastweek.2）作表語：Theglassisbroken./WhenIgottotheclassroom,thedoorwaslocked.3）作賓補(bǔ)：Youmusthave/getyourhaircut.4）作狀語：Givenmoretime,wecandotheworkmuchbetter.知識(shí)點(diǎn)02非謂語動(dòng)詞的作用【語法詳解】非謂語動(dòng)詞除去不能做謂語之外，其它所有成分都可以做。具體如下。1.不定式：做主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語和補(bǔ)語。Tolearnaforeignlanguageisdifficult.（作主語）學(xué)會(huì)一門外語是很難的。Tomwantedtohaveacupofbeer.（作賓語）湯姆想要喝杯啤酒。Hiswishistobeadriver.（作表語）他的愿望是當(dāng)一名司機(jī)。Ihavenothingtosay.（作定語）我沒有什么可說的。Theteachertoldustodomorningexercises.（作賓語補(bǔ)足語）老師讓我們做早操。Theywenttoseetheiraunt.（目的狀語）他們?nèi)ヒ娝麄兊墓霉谩?.動(dòng)名詞：做主語、賓語、表語、定語和補(bǔ)語。LearningEnglishisverydifficult.（作主語）學(xué)英語非常困難。Ienjoydancing.（作動(dòng)詞賓語）我喜歡跳舞。Ihavegotusedtolivinginthecountry.（作介詞賓語）我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了住農(nóng)村。Hisjobisdrivingabus.（作表語）他的工作是開車。3.現(xiàn)在分詞：做表語、定語、狀語和補(bǔ)語。Thestoryisinteresting.這個(gè)故事有趣。Hesatthere，readinganewspaper.（作狀語）他坐在那里，讀著一張報(bào)紙。Theareabeingstudiedmayberichincoal.（作定語）這個(gè)正在被研究的地方可能富含煤。Hesawthethiefstealingsomemoneyfromthebank.（作賓補(bǔ)）他看到小偷正在從銀行偷錢。4.過去分詞：做表語、定語、狀語和補(bǔ)語。Heisinterestedinthenews.（作表語）他對(duì)這則消息很感興趣。pollutedriver（做定語）被污染的河流Givenmoretime,Icandomyworkbetter.（做狀語）如果再被多給些時(shí)間，我會(huì)把工作做得更好。Ifoundmywatchstolen.（做賓補(bǔ)）我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的手表被偷了。知識(shí)點(diǎn)03非謂語動(dòng)詞重、疑、難點(diǎn)【語法詳解】1.須用省去to的不定式（do）作賓補(bǔ)的11個(gè)動(dòng)詞。五看（see、watch、notice、observe、lookat）兩聽（hear、listento）三使（make、let、have）一感覺（feel）根據(jù)諧音記憶法，我們可以記做“吾看兩廳三室一感覺”。例如：Isawabigbirdflyovertheroofofthehouseyesterday.昨天，我看到一只大鳥飛過了屋頂。注意：以上11個(gè)動(dòng)詞，也可以接現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，但在時(shí)間和語態(tài)上會(huì)有變化，我們以see為例來區(qū)分一下。seesb.dosth.看到某人做了某事seesb.doingsth.看到某人正在做某事seesb./sth.done看到某人/某物被......Iseehimmakethephonecall.我看到他打了電話。（他打電話的整個(gè)動(dòng)作我都看見了）Iseehimmakingaphonecall.我看到他正在打電話。（強(qiáng)調(diào)看到他正在打電話,并沒有看見全過程.）Weoftenseehimsurroundedbymuchwork.我們常常看見他被大量的工作包圍著.2.只接不定式（不能接動(dòng)名詞）作賓語的25個(gè)常用動(dòng)詞want、wouldlike、wish、help、hope、learn、manage、offer、plan、afford、agree、arrange、ask、beg、care、choose、decide、demand、determine、expect、fear、prepare、pretend、promise、refuse3.只接動(dòng)名詞（不能接不定式）作賓語的28個(gè)常用動(dòng)詞practice、consider、enjoy、finish、giveup、imagine、keep、putoff、risk、suggest、admit、advise、allow、appreciate、avoid、delay、deny、discuss、dislike、escape、excuse、fancy、forbid、mention、mind、miss、permit、prohibit4.既可接不定式也可接動(dòng)名詞，但含義完全不同的8個(gè)動(dòng)詞remembertodosth.記住要做某事（未做）rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事（已做）forgettodosth.忘記去做某事（未做）forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某事（已做）regrettodosth.遺憾要做某事（未做）regretdoingsth.后悔/抱歉做過某事（已做）trytodosth.努力做某事trydoingsth.嘗試做某事meantodosth.計(jì)劃做某事meandoingsth.意味著做某事can’thelptodosth.不能幫助做某事can’thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事goontodosth.繼續(xù)做另一件事goondoingsth.繼續(xù)做同一件事stoptodosth.停下來去做另一件事stopdoingsth.停下正在做的事情5.所有非謂語動(dòng)詞的完成形式都不能做定語，如tohavedone、tohavebeendone、tohavebeendoing、havingdone和havingbeendone。【經(jīng)典練】1．It’sverykind________you________otherswhenthey’reinneed.A．for;tohelp B．of;tohelp C．for;helping D．of;helping2．Anoldman________onthesideoftheroadwasfound________,andhewassenttothehospitalbythebusdriverandpassengersimmediately.A．lies;dies B．lay;died C．lain;dead D．lying;dying3．Thepaintingisreallyvaluabletohim.Hewillneveragree________it.A．sell B．sells C．sold D．tosell4．Hiscousinisahumorousman.Hemakesus________allthetime.A．laughs B．laughing C．tolaugh D．laugh5．—Wouldyoulike________shoppingwithme?—Sorry,Ifeellike________thebookathome.A．togo;read B．togo;reading C．going;toread D．going;reading6．Thenewyeariscoming.Teachersencourageus________newhobbies.A．develop B．developing C．todevelop D．developed7．Mr.Browntoldhissonnot________thepaintingsinthemuseum.A．touch B．totouch C．touching D．touched8．——Howisyourgrandma?——She’sfine.Sheusedto_____TVathomeaftersupper.Butnowsheisusedto_____outforawalk.A．watch;go B．watching;go C．watching;going D．watch;going9．Look!Thechildrenarehavingagreattime________asnowmaninthesnow.A．make B．makes C．making D．tomake10．—Hurryup,Jason!We’regoingtothecinema,buttheclothesstillneed________.—Don’tworry.Ithinkthirtyminutes________enough.A．washing;are B．towash;are C．towash;is D．washing;is二．寫作精講——Schooldays(學(xué)校生活）本單元話題是“Schooldays(學(xué)校生活）”，讓學(xué)生回顧初中三年的學(xué)習(xí)生活并展望未來，敘述對(duì)自己有較大影響的某個(gè)人或某件事。以回憶自己或他人的學(xué)校生活為主線，以感恩為主題，主要描寫人物或記敘事件。這類文章通常是提示性作文，同時(shí)又兼有開放性。此類話題源于實(shí)際生活，注意從平時(shí)的生活中提煉素材并寫出自己的所感所想。學(xué)校活動(dòng)通常從以下角度命題：學(xué)生學(xué)校生活，學(xué)校活動(dòng)以及學(xué)校安全教育等。體裁：說明文時(shí)態(tài)：用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)人稱：第一人稱。worryabouttests擔(dān)心考試 bepatientwithsb.對(duì)…有耐心express/givethankstosb.表示感謝 bethankfulfor對(duì)…感激say"Thankyou."tosb. 對(duì)某人說“謝謝?！?takegoodcareof照顧beintrouble處于危險(xiǎn)中 encouragesb.todo鼓勵(lì)去做cheermeup 使我高興 arguewithfriends和朋友爭(zhēng)論solvetheproblem 解決問題 getgoodgrades 取得好成績(jī)makemuchprogress 取得了很大的進(jìn)步 learnalot學(xué)到很多makeclasseslivelyandinteresting使課堂生動(dòng)有趣 bestrictwithsb.對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格要求allowsb.todo允許某人做 bekindtosb.對(duì)某人友善makemistakes犯錯(cuò) work/studyhard 努力學(xué)習(xí)begoodat/dowellin擅長(zhǎng) helpsb.withsth. 在…幫助某人keepintouchwithsb.保持聯(lián)系 mypronunciationisnotverygood我的發(fā)音不是很好tooshytospeakEnglishinfrontoftheclass太害羞不敢在全班面前說英語oneofthebestteachers最好的老師之一 payattentionto 注意givesb.goodadvice給某人好建議 makefriends交朋友withyourhelp在你的幫助下 tryone’sbesttodo盡自己最大的努力去做beweakinbe/becomeinterestedin對(duì)...感興趣Schoollifeisalwayscolorful.學(xué)校生活總是豐富多彩的。NowmyEnglishhasgreatlyimprovedwithhishelp.在他的幫助下，我的英語有了很大的提高。Youteachussowellandyouexplaingrammarsopatientlyandclearlythatalmosteveryonecanunderstand.你教地很好，耐心、清楚地解釋語法，以便每個(gè)人都能理解。列提綱寫句子我的老師開頭TheteacherIwillneverforgetisMr.Wang,myprimaryschoolmathteacher.介紹人物2.年齡、外貌、喜好、性格方面：Mr.Wangis30yearsold.Heisofmediumbuildandhasshorthair.Helikessportsandheisgoodatplayingbasketball.Heisverypatientandisneverangrywithus.3.典型事例：IstillrememberonemorningwhileIwascopyingmydeskmate'smathhomework,Mr.Wangcameintotheclassroom.IwassoafraidthatIdidn'tknowwhattodoatthattime.Tomysurprise,hewasn'tangrywithme.Instead,hetoldmecopyinghomeworkwasn'tgoodformeandthenhesaidhecouldhelpmeifIneededhelp.IwassomovedthatIdecidednottocopyanyone'shomeworkanymore.Fromthenon,Ididmyhomeworkbymyself.Andwithhishelp,Imadegreatprogressinmath.結(jié)束語IwillneverforgetMr.Wang.Ihopehewillbehappyandhealthyinthefuture.TheteacherIwillneverforgetTheteacherIwillneverforgetisMr.Wang,myprimaryschoolmathteacher.Mr.Wangis30yearsold.Heisofmediumbuildandhasshorthair.Helikessportsandheisgoodatplayingbasketball.Heisverypatientandisneverangrywithus.IstillrememberonemorningwhileIwascopyingmydeskmate'smathhomework,Mr.Wangcameintotheclassroom.IwassoafraidthatIdidn'tknowwhattodoatthattime.Tomysurprise,hewasn'tangrywithme.Instead,hetoldmecopyinghomeworkwasn'tgoodformeandthenhesaidhecouldhelpmeifIneededhelp.I