Unit1PeopleofAchievementLearningAboutLanguage語法課件高中英語人教版選擇性必修一

Unit1PeopleofAchievement

LearningaboutLanguage(2):Structures

年級：高二學(xué)科：英語（人教版）RestrictiveandNon-restrictiveRelativeClauses限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句Itissometimescalledan“adjectiveclause”becauseitfunctionslikeanadjective.Itgivesmoreinformationaboutanoun.1.Whatisarelativeclause?定語從句又被稱為形容詞性從句，因為它起著一個形容詞的作用。它提供關(guān)于一個名詞的更多信息。

amodifierforanoun用于修飾名詞的詞2.Attributive

定語Mybrotherboughtmeabeautifuldress.(adj.)Heworksveryhardathislessons.(pron.)Webelongtothethird

world.(num.)Doyouknowthemancomingtous?（phrase）Wemustfindwaystoworkoutthisproblem.（phrase）Heisaboyofnotmorethanseventeen.（phrase）Themanwhoisspeakingtomyfatherisourheadteacher.（relativeclause）3.Whenshouldweusearelativeclause?什么時候要使用定語從句？我認識那個高個子的人。

Iknowthe________man.我認識那個戴眼鏡的人。

Iknowtheman________________________.我認識你正在找的那個人。

Iknowtheman____________________________.tallwithapairofglasseswhoyouarelookingforWhenyoucannotsaywhatyouwantwithaword,useaphrase.

當(dāng)你用一個詞不能盡情表達你想說的意思時，就用短語；Ifaphraseisnotenough,useaclause.

如果短語還不能滿足，就用從句。

復(fù)合句=主句+定語從句一個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是句子的主要部分（主句）另一個或一個以上的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)只在句子中作定語(從句）1.Thestudents

(who

donotstudyhard)willnotpasstheexam.主句主語從句主語從句謂語結(jié)構(gòu)主句謂語結(jié)構(gòu)4.定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)3.Iwillneverforgetthedays

whenIstayedwithyou.2.Edward,whoselegswerebadlyhurt,wasquicklytakentohospital.4.Igavemyphonenumberto

Mr.Green,

whoImetafterthemeeting.先行詞為主語先行詞為賓語restrictive限制性定語從句non-restrictive非限制性定語從句5、RelativeClauses定語從句separatedbycommas用逗號，與主句隔開。ThemanwhoistalkingwithAnneismymathteacher.Mary,

whowasmyclassmate,graduatedlastyear.giveessentialinformationtodefine“whichone”是先行詞不可缺少的定語giveextrainformation只是對先行詞作些附加說明是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。和主句關(guān)系不很密切，只是對先行詞作些附加說明。如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞不可用that。譯成先行詞的定語：“……的”譯成主句的并列句正在和安妮談話的那個人是我的數(shù)學(xué)老師。瑪麗是我的同學(xué)，她去年畢業(yè)了。

therelativepronounmustbeused關(guān)系代詞不可省略Iftherelativepronounistheobjectoftherelativeclause,itcanbeomitted.關(guān)系代詞作定語從句的賓語時可省略。Thisisthebook

(that/which)Iboughtyesterday.Helentmeapen,whichhelikedalot.6.定語從句運用情景MikeMonicaMikeishavingapartyathisapartment.Monicadoesn’tknowsomeofthepeopleattheparty,soshe’saskingMikeaboutsomeofthem.1.Areyoutalkingabouttheguythatistheyellowshirt?2.I’mtalkingabouttheguywhoisdancingwiththatgirloverthere.3.He’smynewco-workerthatIwastellingyouabout.4.He’stheguythatyoushareanofficewith.5.Peter,wholovestodance,isdatingthegirlinthegreensweater.6.Youmeanthegirlwhopeterisdancingwith?7.I’mtalkingaboutthegirlwhoisstandingalonebythewindow.8.She’sAshley’sfriendthat’sstudyingabroad.9.She’sfromsoul,whichistheplacewhereyoulived.

RestrictiveRelativeClauses限制性定語從句giveessentialinformationtodefine“whichone”是先行詞不可缺少的定語Whoisthatguyoverthere?Whichone????Iamtalkingabouttheguy

whoisdancing.essentialinformationtodefinewhichone是先行詞必不可少的信息RestrictiveRelativeClauses限制性定語從句Oh,that’sPeter.PeterNon-definingRelativeClauses非限制性定語從句giveextrainformation只是對先行詞作些附加說明PeterOkay！Sothat’speter!Irememberyoutoldmeabouthim.Peter,wholovestodance,isdatingthegirlinthegreensweater.

只是對先行詞Peter提供額外的信息RestrictiveRelativeClauses限制性定語從句Non-restrictiveRelativeClauses非限制性定語從句2)SheisfromSeoul,Korea,whichistheplacewhereMonicalived.3)SheisAshley’sfriendthatisstudyingabroadrightnow.Kim1)Iamtalkingaboutthegirlwhoisstandingalonebythewindow.arestrictiverelativeclause我說的是那個獨自站在窗邊的女孩。她來自韓國首爾，那是莫妮卡生活的地方。anon-restrictiverelativeclause她是阿什利現(xiàn)在正在國外留學(xué)的朋友。arestrictiverelativeclausev.s.1.TheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefight

againstthedisease.2.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,whichisconsideredoneofthehighest

internationalhonorsapersoncanreceive.3.TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.4.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.Readthefollowingsentencesandunderlinetherelativeclauses.Thennamethetwotypesofrelativeclauses.1.TheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefight

againstthedisease.2.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,whichisconsideredoneofthehighest

internationalhonorsapersoncanreceive.3.TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.4.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.Readthefollowingsentencesandunderlinetherelativeclauses.Thennamethetwotypesofrelativeclauses.1.TheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefight

againstthedisease.2.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,whichisconsideredoneofthehighest

internationalhonorsapersoncanreceive.3.TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.4.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.RNRThebooktellsusaboutAlexanderFleming.Hediscoveredpenicillin.ThebooktellsusaboutAlexanderFleming,whodiscoveredpenicillin.Rewrite

thesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.1.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman.

Hewasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.2.Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany.Hitlerwasinpowerthere.3.ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda.Hercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.4.Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhisfavouritenovelist,J.K.Rowling.Itinspiredusalot.ThebooktellsusaboutAlexanderFleming.Hediscoveredpenicillin.ThebooktellsusaboutAlexanderFleming,whodiscoveredpenicillin.Rewrite

thesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.1.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman.

Hewasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman,

whowasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.2.Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany.

Hitlerwasinpowerthere.Afterwards,Einsteinhadtoflee

Germany,

where

Hitlerwasinpower.3.ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda.

Hercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.4.Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhis

favouritenovelist,J.K.Rowling.

Itinspired

usalot.ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda,

whosecircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.

Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhisfavouritenovelist,J.K.Rowling,which

inspired

usalot.ProgressiveStory:RelativeClausesBelowisastorylackingimportantrelativeclauses.Fillintheblankwithrelativeclausestocompletethesentences.SportsDayOliverwho______________________________________hadbeenwaitingforSportsDay.