9.7Module9模塊小結(jié)（練習(xí)）（原卷版）

Module9Greatinventions模塊小結(jié)思維導(dǎo)圖思維導(dǎo)圖知識要點一知識要點一、重點單詞，短語及句。要點1borrow;lend和keep(1)borrow是“借進(jìn)”，即說話人向別人借東西供自己用，常用于borrowsth.fromsb./somewhere結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“從某人/某地借來某物”。例如：Heborrowedalotofmoneyfromthebank.他從銀行借了很多錢。(2)lend是“借出”，即說話人把自己的東西借給別人用，常用于lendsth.tosb.或lendsb.sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中，意為“借給某人某物”。Idon’tliketolendmyTVsettoTom.我不想把電視機借給Tom。(3)keep意為“保存”，是延續(xù)性動詞，borrow是瞬間動詞，如果與一段時間連用，要用keep代替borrow。例如：CanIkeepthebookalittlelonger?我借這本書的時間能長點嗎？【典例分析】1、用borrow,lend和keep填空（1）—CanI________thisbook?—Yes,butyoumustn’t________ittoothers.（2）Heacarfromhisfriend,andwenttotheairportinahurry.（3）Ihave__________thebookfortwoweeks.Iwillreturnittothelibrarythisafternoon.2.Lindacalledto________mybikejustnowandshesaidshewouldreturnittomeonFridaymorning.A.lendB.borrowC.fix D.store3.—HowlongmayIyourbike?

—Foraweek.Butyoumustn’tittoothers.

A.borrow;lend B.keep;lendC.lend;borrow D.keep;borrow4.—Jim,mayI________yourcamera?—Sure,butyou'dbetternot________ittoothers.A.lend;lend B.borrow;borrowC.lend;borrow D.borrow;lend要點2lookthroughlookthrough是動副結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“瀏覽，仔細(xì)地看”。其后接名詞或代詞，但代詞需放在look和through的中間。另外，lookthrough還有“透過……看”之意。例如：Beforethemeeting,Ilookedthroughthereports.會議前，我瀏覽了報告。Theboyislookingthroughthewindowofhishouse.那個男孩正透過他家的窗戶看。【拓展】look的相關(guān)短語：lookup(在字典、參考書中)查詢所需的信息lookfor尋找lookover(醫(yī)生)仔細(xì)檢查lookaround環(huán)顧四周lookafter照看lookat看……lookdownon看不起【典例分析】1.Mygrandmotherenjoysnewspapersafterdinnereveryday,andsheoftentellsmesomethingnewintheworld.

A.lookingup B.lookingforC.lookingat D.lookingthrough2.Lilydidn’tetoschoolyesterdaybecauseshehadto______hersickmotherathome.A.lookafter B.lookoverC.lookup D.looklike3.Wouldyouplease______thepaperformeandseeifthereareanyobviousmistakes?lookaround B.lookintoC.lookforwardto D.lookthrough4.—Idon’tknowthenewword.—Itdoesn’tmatter,youcan________inthedictionary.A．lookupit B．lookitup C．lookforit5.—What’sthemeaningof“OneBeltandOneRoad”?—Letme_____thewordsinthenewdictionary.A.lookatB.lookforC.lookafterD.lookup6.Whenyoudon’tknowaword，youcan________inthedictionary．A.lookitupB.setitupC.giveitupD.pickitup7.Mymotherisillinhospital.Ihaveto________mygrandparentsathome.A．lookforB．lookatC．lookupD．lookafter8.Hereisthebook.First________itandthentellmewhatyouthinkofit.A.lookinto B.lookthrough C.lookup D.lookafter要點3inawayinaway意為“從某種意義上說，從某種程度上說，從某一點來看”，是介詞短語。例如：In

away，itisanimportantbook.在某種意義上，這是一本重要的書?！就卣埂?1)intheway有“擋路；妨礙，阻礙”的意思。例如：Sorry,youareintheway.對不起，你擋路了。(2)ontheway意為“在去某地的路上”。例如：Onthewaytothestation，Iboughtsomechocolate.在去車站的路上我買了些巧克力。(3)bytheway意為“順便說一聲”。例如：Bytheway，haveyouseenHarryrecently？順便說一句，你最近見過Harry嗎？與way相關(guān)的短語：alltheway:自始至終;bytheway:順便說，順便問一下;waytodo/ofdoingsth:做某事的方法inaway:在某種程度上inone'sway:擋路loseone'sway:迷路insome/manyways:在很多方面?！镜淅治觥?.從某種程度上說，這項工作做得不錯。Theworkiswelldone_________________.2.她的社交生活妨礙了學(xué)業(yè)。Hersociallife_______________________herstudies.3.在去車站的路上我買了些巧克力。_____________thestation,Iboughtsomechocolate。4.巴巴拉一路上沉默著，但是她bai也說了這樣的話。Barbarahadbeensilent_____________,butshesaidsotoo.5.順便說一句，你最近見過哈里嗎？__________________,haveyouseenHarryrecently？要點4byhandbyhand意為“用手的，親自的；手工”，是介詞短語。例如：Ricefarmersherestillplantandharvesttheircropsbyhand.這里種植水稻的農(nóng)場主仍是手工種植和收割莊稼。Theletterwasdeliveredbyhand.那封信是派專人送去的。【拓展】bythehand意為“牽手，拉手，握手”。例如：Heclaspedhisoldfriendbythehand.他緊緊地握住老朋友的手.【典例分析】1.他牽著迪克森的手把他領(lǐng)進(jìn)屋。HetookDickson______________toleadhimintothehouse.2.這盤子是銀制的，是手工打造的Thedishwasmadeofsilver,beatenout______________.3.Nowthingsmadebymachinearecheaperthanthosemadehand.

A.at B.in C.by D.with要點5putup（1）putup是由“動詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的動詞短語，意為“張貼；公布”。例如:Theprincipalputuptheexamresult.校長公布了這次考試的結(jié)果。（2）putup意為“提高；增加；抬高(租金、價格等)”。例如：Mylandlordwasthreateningtoputtherentupby10dollarsaweek.

我房東要挾說要把每周房租提高10美元。【拓展】(1)“動詞加副詞”構(gòu)成的短語，如果賓語是名詞時，賓語可以放在副詞之前，也可以放在副詞之后。例如：Pleasetakethebookaway.=Pleasetakeawaythebook。請把這本書拿走。Iputmycoaton.=Iputonmycoat.我穿上了我的外套。

(2)“動詞加副詞”構(gòu)成的短語，如果賓語為代詞時，賓語只能放在副詞之前。例如：Idon’tlikethebook.Pleasetakeitaway.我不喜歡這本書，請把它拿走。（不能說Pleasetakeawayit.）Itookoutmycoatandputiton.我拿出了外套，把它穿上。（不能說putonit）Put構(gòu)成的短語putup掛；張貼；公布；舉起；搭起；putoff推遲putaway收起來puton穿上；戴上；體重上升putdown放下putupwith忍受putout撲滅；熄滅【典例分析】1.—Jason,wouldyoupleasethisnotice?

—Withpleasure.puton B.putoffC.putup D.putout2.Tonyboughtaphotoofhisfavouritesportsstarand________onhisbedroomwall.A.gaveitup B.founditoutC.lookeditthrough D.putitup3.—Jason,couldyouplease________thispictureonthewall?—Withpleasure.A.puton B.putoffC.putup D.putout4.Theexamisoverandresultswillbe onFridayafternoon.A.putdown B.putoff C.putup D.putaway要點6atatimeatatime意為“每次；一次”，強調(diào)具體的某一次，常用于“數(shù)詞+at

a

time”的結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如：Letyourlisteneransweronequestionatatime.

讓你的聽眾一次回答一個問題。Shereadsbooksforhoursatatime.她常?？匆豢磿褪菐讉€小時?！就卣埂縜ttimes意為“有時；不時；間或”，強調(diào)這種事不止一次，不時都會發(fā)生的。例如：I

like

Bob

but

he’s

very

annoying

at

times.

我喜歡鮑勃，但是他有時也很煩人。

atatime每次；一次辨析：atatime、atonetime與attimesatatime意為“每次；一次”，常用于“數(shù)詞+名詞+atatime”結(jié)構(gòu)中atonetime意為“曾經(jīng)；一度”,常用于一般過去時的句子中attimes意為“有時；間或”,相當(dāng)于sometimes,表示頻率常見有關(guān)time的搭配:ontime準(zhǔn)時,按時;intime及時;innotime立刻,馬上;allthetime始終,一直;atthesametime同時?！镜淅治觥?.Theliftisn'tverylarge.Itcanonlytakeeightpeople________.A.atatimeB.inawayC.foratime D.bytheway2.Mycousintoldmethathecouldeatthreebigapples_____.A.attimeB.atatimeC.sometime D.sometimes3.請用sometime,sometimes,sometime和sometimes適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞組填空：1）Iwillseeyou___________inthefuture.2）Wetrieditfor___________,butwestillcan’tdoit.3）Itwilltake____________,nottoolong.4）Itrained______________inBeijinginautumn.4.Ilookedatmywatch_______tomakesureIwasnotlate.A.fromtimetotime B.intime C.atthesametime D.ontime要點7Theinternetismorepowerfulthanbooks.more后接多音節(jié)形容詞或副詞，構(gòu)成比較級，表示對兩者進(jìn)行比較，意為“比……更……”。如：

Heismorecarefulthantheothers.他比其他人更仔細(xì)。【拓展】(1)more…than…表示“比……更多”，此時more為many或much的比較級，表示數(shù)量，后接名詞。(2)Imademoremistakesthanyou.我犯的錯誤比你多。

He’sgotmoremoneythantherestofustogether.他的錢比我們大家的加在一起的總數(shù)還多?！咀⒁狻咳鬽ore受much或many的修飾，則應(yīng)分別與不可數(shù)和可數(shù)名詞連用。例如：

Hiscarcostmuchmoremoneythanmine.他的小汽車所花的錢比我的多得多。

Therearemanymorepeoplethanweexpected.這里的人比我們想象的要多得多。（2）more…than…表示“與其說……不如說……”，此時不是對兩個對象進(jìn)行比較，而是對同一個人或物在兩個不同方面進(jìn)行比較或取舍，此時不論形容詞或副詞是單音節(jié)、雙音節(jié)還是多音節(jié)，一律用more…than…。例如：

Heismoreluckythanclever.與其說他聰明，不如說他幸運?！镜淅治觥?.乘火車旅行比開汽車輕松得多Travellingbytrainis_________________thandriving.2.竹子不只是用于建筑。Bambooisusedfor___________________building.3.他今年50多歲。Heis____________________50yearsold.4.與其說魯迅是一位思想家，不如說他是一位作家。LuXunis________awriter________athinker.5.LiNais________asportswoman.Sheisalsoasymbolofsuccess.A．morethanB．notmorethanC．nomorethanD．only要點8thousandsof好幾千；成千上萬thousandsof，意為“好幾千，成千上萬”。thousand意為“一千”，用來表示不確定的數(shù)目時，thousand應(yīng)變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)，且在后面加of。拓展：與thousand用法類似的詞Hundred(百),thousand(千),million(百萬)等表示概數(shù)時，本身要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，后接“of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，即“hundreds/thousands/millions+of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，意為“數(shù)以百/千/百萬計的……”。若這些數(shù)量詞前有基數(shù)詞，則直接用hundred/thousand/million等，不用復(fù)數(shù)形式，也不加of。Itcostmetwohundreddollars.它花了我200美元Therestaurantreceiveshundredsofcustomerseveryday.這家飯店每天接待數(shù)以百計的顧客【典例分析】1.每年人們會在山上種植成千上萬棵樹來保護(hù)環(huán)境。Everyyeartreesareplantedonthehillstoprotecttheenvironment.2.Itisreportedthatnearly_________foreignkidsjoinedaBritishboardingschoollastyear，andathirdofthemcamefromChina．A.ninethousandB.ninethousandsC.ninethousandofD.ninethousandsof3.birdshaveebackbecausetheenvironmentherebeesbetterandbetter.A.ThousandsofB.ThousandofC.ThousandsD.Thousands4.Itisreportedthatthereareover______koalasdyinginthedisastrouswildfirebrokeoutrecentlyinAustralia.A.thousandsof B.8thousandsC.8thousandsof D.8thousand要點9amount量;數(shù)量alargeamountof，意為“大量的”，為固定短語，amount意為“量；數(shù)量”，通常用于anamountof,agreat/largeamountof,amountsof這類結(jié)構(gòu)，其后通常接不可數(shù)名詞。拓展：anmountof,alarge/greatamountof,amountsof修飾名詞用作主語時，其謂語的數(shù)取決于amount的數(shù)。Alargeamountofmoneywasspentonthebridge.=Largeamountofmoneywerespentonthebridge.在這座橋上花了大量資金【典例分析】1.Tosavethelifeoftheboy,alarge________ofworkwasdoneinashorttime.A.collectionB.amountC.pairD.record2.她攜帶大量的現(xiàn)金離開了。Shecarriedcashandwentaway.要點10introductionn引進(jìn)；采用；推行introducev介紹introduce…to…把……介紹給……辨析：instruction與introductioninstruction多指對做法、步驟的“指示、說明”，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。introduction多指對事物性質(zhì)、形狀等的“介紹”?！镜淅治觥?.Readthecarefully.Theywillhelpyouknowhowtousethemachine.

A.instructions B.decisionsC.results D.introductions2.Alwaysreadthe________carefullybeforeyoustart.Ittellsyouhowtousethemachine.A.instructionsB.decisionsC.results D.introduction要點111.改變某人的生活2.大量的3.拍照4.張貼；公布5.收到某人的來信6.收發(fā)郵件7.將來8.好幾千；成千上萬9.隨著……的發(fā)明10.對……有重大影響11.在某人去……的路上12.快速閱讀；瀏覽13用手；靠手做14.結(jié)果15有機會做某事16.在某種意義上；從某種程度上17.把……比作18.在二十世紀(jì)知識要點二：語法知識要點二：語法英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。在主動語態(tài)時，句子的主語是這個動作的執(zhí)行者；在被動語態(tài)時，句子的主語是這個動作的承受者。如：Theybuiltthishouse.他們建造了這座房子。主語they是built這個動作的執(zhí)行者，動詞用主動語態(tài)。Thehousewasbuiltbythem.這座房子是由他們建造的。主語thehouse是built這個動作的承受者，動詞用被動語態(tài)。1“be+（及物動詞的）過去分詞”構(gòu)成動詞被動語態(tài)的形式。be有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化。以動詞do為例，幾種常用時態(tài)的主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式如下：時態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時do/doesam/is/aredone一般過去時didwas/weredone現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時am/is/aredoingam/is/arebeingdone過去進(jìn)行時was/weredoingwas/werebeingdone一般將來時will/shalldowill/shallbedone現(xiàn)在完成時has/havedonehas/havebeendone2被動語態(tài)的否定句和疑問句。(1)被動語態(tài)的否定句在be后加not。如：Thesongisnotlikedbyyoungpeople.這首歌不受年輕人喜愛。(2)被動語態(tài)的疑問句將be提至主語前。如：IsChineseusedonlyinChina?漢語只在中國使用嗎？—AretheseputersmadeintheUSA?這些電腦是美國制造的嗎？—Yes,theyare.是的。No,theyaren’t.不，不是的?！镜淅治觥恳?、用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Awonderfulparty__________________(give)tohimnextweek.2.Mother_______________(tell)meastoryeverynight.3.Rice________________(plant)inChina.4.Tom________________(use)putereverySaturday.5.Maths_________________(teach)byMr.Cheninourclass.6.English_________________(speak)allovertheworld.7.Thefilm_________________(show)lastnight..8.I________________(see)awonderfulfilmlastnight..9.Theletters_________________(write)byhimlastnight.10.We____________(visit)themuseumnextweek.二、把下列句子改為被動語態(tài)1.Theyoftenplanttreesinspringeveryyear.2.Weshoulddoourh