Unit12單元知識小結(jié)（原卷版）

思維導(dǎo)圖Unit12Lifeisfulloftheunexpected.思維導(dǎo)圖模塊小結(jié)知識要點(diǎn)一、重點(diǎn)單詞，短語及句知識要點(diǎn)一、重點(diǎn)單詞，短語及句式。【精講精練】要點(diǎn)1takeofftakeoff意為“起飛”。例如：Whenwilltheplanetakeoff?飛機(jī)什么時(shí)候起飛？【拓展】(1)takeoff還可作“脫下”講，反義詞組為puton，意為“穿上”。例如：Putonyourclothes.Don’ttakethemoff.把衣服穿上，別脫下。(2)常見的含有take的詞組：taketurns輪流takeaway拿走takeout拿出，取出takeover接手，接管takenotes做筆記takecare當(dāng)心，注意takecareof照顧takephotos照相takeiteasy別緊張【典例分析】一、用take構(gòu)成的短語完成句子1.他長得像他父親He_________________hisfather2.母親把我們的盤子拿走，回來拿一些水果給我們吃Mother_________ourplates__________andcamebackwithsomefruitforustoeat.3.那首曲子把我?guī)Щ氐酵陼r(shí)代Thatmusic________me________tomychildhood.4.我們需要把窗簾拿下來清洗下Weneedto___________________thecurtainstobecleaned.5.如果你有鋼筆，可以把我的號碼記下來Ifyouhaveapen,youcan_________________myphonenumber.6.這種布料吸水性很好。Thiskindofcloth______________waterverywell.7.飛往曼谷的航班準(zhǔn)時(shí)起飛。TheflightforBangkok________________ontime.8.天氣太熱了，所以我把夾克衫脫掉了Itwashot,soI________myjacket__________.9.她請兩天假來照顧她奶奶。She__________twodays_________schoolto___________________________hisgrandma.10.請?jiān)谡麄€(gè)房子有臭味前把垃圾清除出去Please_________________thetrashbeforethewholehousestartstosmell.11.自從他掛了之后，他的兒子就接管了他的公司。Hissonhas________________hispanysincehedied。12.有關(guān)金融的書籍占用了三個(gè)書架Thebooksonfinance_______________threeshelves.13.TheplanetoChengdujustnow．Youhavetowaituntiltomorrow．A.tookoff B.tookafter C.tookout D.tookaway14.Ishallnot________muchofyourtime.A.takein B.takeoff C.takeup D.takeaway要點(diǎn)2bytheendof/bythetimebytheendof意為“到……末為止”，其后只能接時(shí)間，可用于將來時(shí)或過去完成時(shí)。例如：We’regoingtofinishitbytheendofthisweek.到本周末，我們將完成這項(xiàng)工作?！就卣埂?1)attheendof意為“在……末端，在……盡頭”，可以表示時(shí)間，也可以表示地點(diǎn)。例如：attheendofJanuary在一月底（表示時(shí)間）attheendofthestreet在街道末端（表示地點(diǎn)）(2)intheend意為“最后，終于”，相當(dāng)于atlast，finally，其后不能接of短語。例如：Ourteambeattheirsintheend.最后，我們隊(duì)?wèi)?zhàn)勝了他們隊(duì)。bythetime的意思是“到……時(shí)間為止”，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間的截止，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。Bythetime＋過去的時(shí)間，主句一般用過去完成時(shí)，表示在從句謂語動作前已經(jīng)完成。例如：

BythetimeIgotthere,thebushadalreadyleft.不晚于我到那里時(shí)，公共汽車已經(jīng)開走了。

（2）當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語為bytheendoflastmonth/year/week時(shí)，主句也用過去完成時(shí)。例如：

Bytheendoflastmonthwehadlearned20Englishsongs.

到上一個(gè)月我們已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了20首英語歌曲?！镜淅治觥?.史密斯先生的家在這條路的盡頭。Arethereanyexams___________thisterm?2.這個(gè)學(xué)期期末有考試嗎？Myroomis______________thecorridor.3.到本學(xué)期末為止，我已經(jīng)學(xué)了2000個(gè)英語單詞。__________________thisterm,we_____________2000Englishwords.4.他終走到達(dá)這條街道的盡頭。__________,hereached_________________thestreet.4.Weusuallyhaveafinalexam______________________Juneeveryyear.A.intheendof B.attheendof C.bytheendof D.totheendof5.__________,Hesucceededingettingthejob.A．intheendB．a(chǎn)ttheendofC．bytheendofD．totheend6.—Whathappened,Mike?—________Igottoschool,thefirstclasshadbeenover.A.Intime B.Ontime C.Bythetime D.Atthattime7.Bythetimeschool________over,therain________.SoIdidn'tusemyraincoat.A.hadbeen;stopped B.was;hasstoppedC.hadbeen;hadstopped D.was;hadstopped要點(diǎn)3gooffgooff意為“發(fā)出響聲”。例如：Thealarmwentoff.警鈴驟然響起。Myalarmclockdidn’tgooff.我的鬧鐘沒有響。【拓展】gooff的其他用法：（1）意為“離開，走掉，走散”例如：Don’tgooffthemainroad,oryou’llbelost.不要離開大路，否則會迷路的。（2）gooff意為“變質(zhì)，變壞”。例如：Milkgoesoffquicklyinthehotweather.牛奶在熱天很容易變壞。（3）gooff意為“（電燈）熄滅，（電）中斷”。例如：Therewasapowercutandallofthelightswentoff.停電了，所有的燈熄滅了?！镜淅治觥?.我的鬧鐘沒有響。Myalarmclockdidn’t____________.2.他匆匆走掉了。He____________inahurry.3.你們一定不要獨(dú)自離開。Youmustn't________________________________．4.Heinagreathurryafterheansweredthephone

A.gaveoff B.putoff C.wentoff D.tookoff5.Iwaslate________schoolthismorning,becausemyalarmclockdidn't.A.to；gooff B.for；gooff C.to；goout D.for；goout要點(diǎn)4befullofbefullof意為“充滿的”，側(cè)重指狀態(tài)。例如：Theroomisfullofyoungpeople.=Theroomisfilledwithyoungpeople.房間里全是年輕人。【拓展】befilledwith意為“裝滿……；充滿……”，和befullof同義，但是更側(cè)重動作。其主動形式為：fillwith，意為“把……裝滿”。例如：Everything

is

filled

with

new

life.

萬物充滿了生氣。Hefilledtheglasswithwater.他把杯子裝滿了水?！镜淅治觥?.—Theboxistooheavytocarry.What’sinit?—Oh,itis_______books.A.filledwith B.coveredwith C.usedfor D.askedfor2.Itisraininghard.Thepool______water.A.isfilledofB.isfullwith C.isfilledwith D.isfulledof3.Thejourneywas_______interestingexperiences.A.fullof B.afraidof C.carefulof D.madeof4.Ifyoureadalot,yourlifewillbefullpleasure.A.by B.of C.for D.with5.正如習(xí)總書記所說：“只要我們擼起袖子加油干，中國夢就一定會實(shí)現(xiàn)”AspresidentXisays,“Ifweare___________energiestodoeverything,ChinaDreamissuretoetrue.”要點(diǎn)5leaveleave作動詞，意為“離開(某處)”，常與for連用，后接要去的地方。leave的過去式和過去分詞都是left。例如：HeisleavingforBeijingnextweek.他下周打算離開去北京。Mr.Smithlefttheroomattwoo’clock.史密斯先生兩點(diǎn)離開房間。【拓展】（1）leave還意為“離開(某人)的身邊;離棄”。例如：Herhusbandhaslefther.她的丈夫把她遺棄了。（2）動詞短語leavesomethingat/in＋表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，意為“把某物忘在某地”。例如：

Ileftmykeyathome.我把鑰匙忘在家里了。

TomlefthisEnglishbookatschool,sohedidn’tdohishomework.

湯姆把英語書落在學(xué)校了，所以沒有做英語作業(yè)。（3)leave還意為“聽任,使處于某種狀態(tài)”。例如：Heleftthewindowsopen.他讓窗子開著?！颈嫖觥縧eave和forgetleave和forget兩者都是動詞，都含有“忘記”的意思。表示把某物“落在某地方”用leave，如果無具體地點(diǎn)，則用forget。例如：Hesaidthathehadlefthisbookintheclassroom.他說他把書落在教室里了。Ineverforgether.我永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了她?！镜淅治觥?.Hey,boys,don’t______anythingontheboat,take______withyou.A.forget,everythingB.leave,somethingC.forget,somethingD.leave,everything2.Don’tforget___thelightswhenyouleave.A.toturnonB.turnonC.toturnoffD.turningoff3.—What'swrongwithyou?—BythetimeIgottoschool，IrealizedIhad________myEnglishbookathome.A.left B.forgotten C.took D.brought4.—Sorry,Mr.Green.Ihave________myhomeworkathome.—Nevermind.Butdon'tforget________ittotheschooltomorrow.A.left;bring B.forget;tobring C.left;tobring D.forgot;bringing要點(diǎn)6showupshowup動詞短語，意為“出席，露面”。例如：Mostofpeopleinviteddidn’tshowup.被邀請的人大部分還未到。Tomysurprise,shefailedtoshowup.令我吃驚的是，她未能出席?！就卣埂縮how的常用短語：（1）showsb.around帶某人參觀例如：I’llshowyouaroundsothatyoucanmeeteveryone.

我會帶你到各處看看,好讓你和大家見見面。（2）showoff炫耀例如：Thoseboysalwaysshowofftheirsportsskillstothegirls.

那些男孩們老向女孩賣弄他們的運(yùn)動技巧。（3）showsb.sth.把某物展示給某人看例如：Myfriendshowedmeapicturebook.我的朋友出示我一本漂亮的圖冊。（4）onshow陳列，展出例如：ThephotographsareonshowatthemuseumuntilOctober.照片在博物館展出到十月。【典例分析】1.Pleaseshowmeyournewsweater.（同義改寫）=Please___________yournewsweater____________________.2.你讓我看一下你的新表好嗎?（翻譯）3.我等了他很長時(shí)間，但是他還沒有出現(xiàn)。（翻譯）4.他昨天帶我參觀了他們的學(xué)校。（翻譯）5.很多花在展出，我們?nèi)タ匆豢窗桑。ǚg）1.用showup、showaroundshowoffonshow填空1）I’ll_______you________sothatyoucanmeeteveryone.2）Mostofpeopleinviteddidn’t___________________.3）Thoseboysalways__________________theirsportsskillstothegirls.4）Thephotographsare_________________atthemuseumuntilOctober.2.Pleaseshowmeyournewsweater.（同義改寫）=Please___________yournewsweater____________________.3.你讓我看一下你的新表好嗎?（翻譯）4.我等了他很長時(shí)間，但是他還沒有出現(xiàn)。（翻譯）5.他昨天帶我參觀了他們的學(xué)校。（翻譯）6.很多花在展出，我們?nèi)タ匆豢窗桑。ǚg）7.—WangLin,thankyouformearoundtheBird'sNest.

—You’rewele.A.getting B.lookingC.showing D.bringing8.—ItissaidthatJayChousanghislatestsongintheconcert.—That’simpossible.Infact,hehadnever_____bythetimetheconcertended.A.putup B.setup C.fixedup D.shownup要點(diǎn)7keep（1)keep用作及物動詞，意為“保存；保留；保守”。例如：Couldyoukeeptheselettersforme,please?你能替我保存這些信嗎？I’llkeepaseatforyou.我給你留個(gè)座位。Canyoukeepasecret?你能保守秘密嗎？（2)keep用作連系動詞,后常接表語形容詞，意為“保持處于某種狀態(tài)”。例如：Youmustlookafteryourselfandkeephealthy.你必須照顧好自己，保持身體健康。Sheknewshemustkeepcalm.她知道她必須保持鎮(zhèn)靜。（3）keep的常用句型：1)keepdoingsth.意為“繼續(xù)干某事”，表示不間斷地持續(xù)干某事，后須接延續(xù)性的動詞。例如：Hekeptworkingallday,becausehewantedtofinishtheworkontime.他整天都在不停地工作，因?yàn)樗霚?zhǔn)時(shí)完成工作。2）keepondoingsth.意為“持續(xù)做某事”。例如：Thepupilkeptonaskingmethesamequestion.這個(gè)學(xué)生不斷地問我同一個(gè)問題。例如：3)keep...fromdoingsth.意為“阻止/防止……做某事”。例如：Theheavysnowkeptusfromgoingout.大雪阻止了我們出去。拓展：keep構(gòu)成的短語keepdoingsth一直做某事keepsb/sthdoingsth使某人/某事一直做某事keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事keepupwith跟上keepinmind記住keepintouchwith保持聯(lián)絡(luò)keepon繼續(xù)【典例分析】1.你認(rèn)為我們青少年應(yīng)該遠(yuǎn)離網(wǎng)絡(luò)嗎?Doyouthinkweteenagersshould_________________________________theInternet?2.使勁跑，別停！Just____________________,don’tstop!3.我們要盡力保持臥室清潔整齊。Weshouldtryto__________thebedroom__________andtidy.4.對不起，讓你久等了。I’msorryforkeepingyou__________forsuchalongtime.5.疾風(fēng)阻止我們?nèi)ド蠈W(xué)。Thestrongwindkeepsus____________________toschool.6.這條白線是用來警告人們不許靠近的。Thewhitelineisusedfor_______________________________.7.為了學(xué)好英語，你必須用英語寫日記。InordertolearnEnglishwell,youmust________________________________inEnglish.8.記得經(jīng)常保持聯(lián)絡(luò)。Remember__________________________________________eachotheroften.9.別掉隊(duì)，跟上別人！Don’tfallbehind,_________________________others.10.我們要將安全永遠(yuǎn)放在心上。Wemust________safety____________________forever.11.大雨使我們踢不了球。Theheavyrain___________us______________________football.12.Thefliesaresoterrible.Please________．A.keepitaway B.keepthemawayC.keepawaythem D.keepawayit13.Asweallknow,it’snotpolitetokeepothers_________foralongtime.A.wait B.waited C.towait D.waiting要點(diǎn)81）happen是不及物動詞，意思是“發(fā)生”，和動詞短語takeplace是同義詞。它們共同特點(diǎn)是：都是不及物動詞，沒有被動語態(tài)形式；都是非延續(xù)性動詞，不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。它們的不同點(diǎn)是：happen是表示偶然性的、出乎意料之外的事情發(fā)生；takeplace表示必然性的發(fā)生或者計(jì)劃、策劃好的事情發(fā)生。例如：

Whathappenedtoyouontheroadyesterday?昨天晚上你在路上發(fā)生什么事情？

GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasince1978.自1978年以來中國發(fā)生了巨大的變化。

(2)happen構(gòu)成的動詞短語有：happentosomebody表示“(某事)發(fā)生在某人的身上”。happentodosomething＝dosomethingbyaccident表示“偶然做某事”的意思。例如：

Anaccidenthappenedtohimafterdrinkingtoomuch.他喝醉酒之后發(fā)生了一場事故。

Ihappenedtomeetyourmotheryesterday.昨天我偶然遇見你的媽媽?！镜淅治觥?.昨天他發(fā)生了車禍。(翻譯句子)2.10年來我們的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生很大的變化。(翻譯句子)3.昨天我在武漢碰巧看見他。(翻譯句子)4.Anearthquake__________________whenpeopleweresleepingatnight.A.happened B.tookplace C.had D.appeared5.Ihappened_________________alittlecatonmywayhomefromschool.A.saving B.tosave C.onsaving D.saved6.Greatchanges_________________________inmyhometown,Iwasnearlylostinthestreet.A.happened B.appear C.tookplace D.showed7.Greatchanges________inmyhometownsincethreeyearsago.A.weretakenplace B.havetakenplace C.tookplace D.havebeentakenplace要點(diǎn)9as是連詞，意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動作同時(shí)發(fā)生；或某事發(fā)生的過程中另一件事發(fā)生；或某事一發(fā)生，另一件事立即發(fā)生。例如：Wewalkedintothegardenasthemusicstopped.音樂聲一停，我們就走進(jìn)了花園。【拓展】as的用法頗多，現(xiàn)將所學(xué)的其他用法歸納如下：(1)as作連詞：1)“像……一樣、如……”，常用于比較狀語從句或方式狀語從句。例如：Ican’trunasfastasIusedto.我跑得不如過去那樣快。YoumustdoeverythingasIdo.你必須按照我做的那樣去做每件事。2)“因?yàn)椋热弧?，引?dǎo)原因狀語從句。例如：Aswearebothtired,let’sstoptohavearest.既然我們都累了，讓我們停下來休息會吧。3)“正如，照……方法”，常引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。例如：Asweallknow,theearthtravelsaroundthesun.眾所周知，地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。(2)as作介詞，意為“好像；作為、當(dāng)作”。例如：IworkinBeijingasaguider我在北京當(dāng)導(dǎo)游。（3）as...as還可用在某些固定結(jié)構(gòu)中:as...aspossible/sb.can 盡可能……aslongas 只要asfaras 至于……;就……來說assoonas 一……就【典例分析】1.—IwonderwhetherBrazilwillwinthematchlatertonight.—Gotobedfirst.Iwillwakeyouupassoonasthematch______.A.starts B.startedC.willstart D.isstarting2.Assoonastherain______,theywillgoouttopickapples.A.stops B.stoppedC.willstop D.isstopping3.I’llgotovisitmyauntinEngland_______thesummerholidaystarts.A.whileB.sinceC.untilD.assoonas4.只要努力了，你就會成功！________________________youworkhard,youwillsucceed!5.他一看到我，就向我問好。_________________________hesawme,hesaidhellotome.6.為了學(xué)習(xí)好英語，你要盡可能多的記單詞。InordertostudyEnglishwell,youshouldrememberEnglishwords_________________________________.7.她英語說得和你一樣好。ShespeaksEnglish_________________________.8.指出下面as所表達(dá)的意義。1）Thegirldancesasshesingsonthestage.2）Astimewenton/by,shebecamemoreandmoreworried.3）Aschildrengetolder,theybeemoreandmoreinterestedinthethingsaroundthem.4）Asayoungman,hewasactiveinsports.5）Asyou'renotfeelingwell,youmaystayathome.要點(diǎn)10alive,living與live1.alive主要用作表語（有時(shí)可用作后置定語，但不用作前置定語），可用于人或動物。如：Hemustbestillalive.他一定還活著。注：若alive本身有修飾語，則也可用作前置定語。如：Heisareallyalivestudent.他的確是一個(gè)十分活躍的學(xué)生。2.living可用作表語或定語，可用于人或物。如：Areyourgrandparentsstillliving？你的祖父母還健在嗎？alive和living表示“活著的”，兩者含義很接近，只要句法適合，有時(shí)可互換。如：誰是當(dāng)代最偉大的詩人？正：Whoisthegreatestlivingpoet？正：Whoisthegreatestpoetalive？若需嚴(yán)格區(qū)分，兩者仍有差別：living通常是客觀描述某人“尚在人間”或“健在”，而alive則主要指生與死的“界限”。如：HewasstillalivewhenIreachedthehospital.當(dāng)我趕到醫(yī)院時(shí)他還活著。3.live通常只用作定語（前置），可用于動物或植物，但一般不用于人。如：Heboughtsomelivefish.他買了幾條活魚。Onlyafewlivetreeswereleftafterthefire.火災(zāi)之后只剩下幾棵樹還活著【典例分析】1.Amongallthe______thingsontheplanet,adultgiraffeshavethelongestnecks.A.live B.livingC.alive D.lively2.Jade_____alonelylife,thoughheneverfeelsthatbad.A.lively B.aliveC.lives D.living3.Moyanisoneofthegreatest________writers.Heisstill________.A.living；aliveB.living；liveC.alive；living4.Mr.Zhangalwayshasawaytomakehisclassandinteresting.A.lovely B.lively C.aliveD.living6.Allthe_________thingsneedairandwater.Withoutairorwater,nothingcanstay_______.A.living;livingB.living;aliveC.alive;aliveD.alive;living7.Whilepersonisasleep,apartofhisbrainisstill________.A.alive B.live C.lively D.living8.選詞填空(lively,alive,live)。1）.Pleasetellme,Mr.Smith,howdoyoukeepyourgoldenfish__________?2）.Althoughhewasveryold,hewasavery__________gentleman.3）.EveryoneissurprisedtoseeTombuttheyarealsopleasedtoseehim______.4）.Mr.Zhanghasbeenmadethemostpopularteacherinourschoolthisyear.—Healwayshasawaytomakehisclass______andinteresting.要點(diǎn)11hundredsof數(shù)百的，數(shù)以百計(jì)的Thosemountainsarehundredsofmetreshigh.那些山有數(shù)百米高?！局攸c(diǎn)】hundredsof后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞形式。Theyplanthundredsoftreeseveryyear.他們每年種幾百棵樹?！倦y點(diǎn)】當(dāng)hundred前有具體的數(shù)詞修飾，即表示確切的數(shù)目時(shí)，hundred只能用單數(shù)形式，且不與of連用。另外，hundred前也可用some,several,many等表示不確定的數(shù)目的詞修飾。Twohundredstudentsattendedthecontest.兩百名學(xué)生參加了此次比賽?！就卣埂颗chundred用法類似的還有thousand,million等。thousandsof數(shù)千的threethousand三千【典例分析】1.—________isthepopulationofChina,

Jack?—Letmethinkforamoment,

itisabout________.A.Howmany；1，400millionB.What；1，400millionC.What；140millionD.Howmany；140million2.Itisreportedthatthereareover______koalasdyinginthedisastrouswildfirebrokeoutrecentlyinAustralia.A.thousandsof B.8thousandsC.8thousandsof D.8thousand2.Itisreportedthatnearly_________foreignkidsjoinedaBritishboardingschoollastyear，andathirdofthemcamefromChina．A.ninethousandB.ninethousandsC.ninethousandofD.ninethousandsof3.birdshaveebackbecausetheenvironmentherebeesbetterandbetter.A.ThousandsofB.ThousandofC.ThousandsD.Thousands4.Itisreportedthatthereareover______koalasdyinginthedisastrouswildfirebrokeoutrecentlyinAustralia.A.thousandsof B.8thousandsC.8thousandsof D.8thousand5.ThegovernmentofChongqingisbuilding________cheapandgoodhousesforthepeople.A.thousand B.thousands C.thousandof D.thousandsof要點(diǎn)12marrymarried意為“已婚的，結(jié)婚的”，在句子中常作表語。常用于詞組be/getmarriedtosb.意為“與某人結(jié)婚”。getmarried強(qiáng)調(diào)的是短暫性動作，不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用;表示結(jié)婚已有一段時(shí)間用bemarried。例如：Theyhavebeenmarriedfortenyears.他們已經(jīng)結(jié)婚十年了。Alicewasmarriedtoadoctorlastmonth.上個(gè)月愛麗絲和一位醫(yī)生結(jié)婚了?！就卣埂縨arried的動詞形式是marry,其常見用法如下：（1）marrysb.=getmarriedtosb.意為“與……結(jié)婚”。例如：JohnmarriedMarylastweek.上星期約翰和瑪麗結(jié)婚了。（2）marrysb.tosb.意為“把某人嫁給某人”。例如：Shemarriedherdaughtertoabusinessman.她把女兒嫁給了一位商人。（3）marry一般不與介詞with連用。例如：她和一位英國人結(jié)了婚?！菊`】ShemarriedwithanEnglishman.【正】ShemarriedanEnglishman.【正】Shewas/gotmarriedtoanEnglishman.【典例分析】1.去年她嫁給了一個(gè)士兵。She__________asoldierlastyear.=She_________________asoldierlastyear.2.他已經(jīng)和瑪麗結(jié)婚一年了。He______________________Maryforoneyear.3.—Howlong________they________?—Forabout10years.A.have;married B.have;beenmarriedC.were;married D.did;marry4.Mygrandparents_________forfiftyyearsandtheyloveeachotherverymuch.A.havegotmarried B.gotmarried C.havebeenmarried D.havemarried5.She____________fortenyearsandnowshehasalovelydaughter.A.married B.hasbeenmarried C.gotmarried D.hasgotmarried要點(diǎn)13empty(adj.)空的；空閑的(v.)排空；倒出1.作形容詞，常用表語或定語，此時(shí)其反義詞是full。例句：Hetookhisemptycoffeecupbacktothecounter.他把空咖啡杯送回到柜臺。Wewalkedintheemptystreet.我們走在空曠的街上。2.作動詞，后常接賓語，此時(shí)其反義詞是fill。例句：Heemptiedhistoolbag.他騰出自己的工具袋。Sheemptiedthebox.她倒空了箱子。【典例分析】1.Canyouhelpme______theboxandIwanttouseittocarrymyclothes?A．emptyB．emptiedC．emptyingD．empties要點(diǎn)14beabouttodosth...whenWewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.4).sb.hadhardly/scarcely/barelydonesth...whenWehadhardlyfallenasleepwhenthebellrang.另：beaboutto忙于；即將做某事。側(cè)重于表示動作馬上就要發(fā)生，常與when引導(dǎo)的從句連用，但不與具體的時(shí)間狀語連用?！镜淅治觥?.Shelookedasifshe________cry.A．wasaboutB．wasabouttoC．isabouttoD．isabout2.不要著急!公交車馬上就到。Takeiteasy!Thebusis____________________arrive.3.It'shalfpastsixnow.Weareabout________.A.leaving B.toleaving C.toleave D.toleft要點(diǎn)15eventhough/evenif都可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，都不能與but連用，但可以與yet，still等連用。eventhough和evenif一般可互換。語氣比though/although強(qiáng)烈。Hewon'ttellmeaboutthenewseventhough/evenifheknowsit.即使他知道這消息，他也不會告訴我的【典例分析】根據(jù)漢語完成句子。1.即使知道是無望的，我也堅(jiān)持嘗試。Ikeptontrying,_______________Iknewitwashopeless.2.盡管雨下得很大，農(nóng)民們?nèi)匀辉谵r(nóng)場里工作。_____________________it’sraininghard,thefarmersarestillworkingonthefarm.3.Manychildrenasktheirparentstogivemoneytocharitybuythemsnacks.A.lateronB.eventhoughC.ratherthanD.inorderto4.Idon'tlikeeatingvegetables________Iknowtheyaregoodformyhealth.A.since B.eventhoughC.because D.assoonas要點(diǎn)16endup意為“結(jié)束，告終"，后面常接名詞、代詞或動詞ing形式，表示“最終成為；最終處于".其后加介詞with構(gòu)成短語endupwith中，表示“以......結(jié)束/告終"，此時(shí)up可以省略。例：Ifhekeepsdrinkingsomuch，hellendupill.如果他繼續(xù)喝這么多酒，總有一天會生病的，Iendedupdoingalltheworkmyself.結(jié)果所有的工作都是我一個(gè)人干了.Thepartyendedupwithasong.晚會以一首歌曲結(jié)束，知識拓展endupas...最后成為......enduplike...最后像......一樣例：Heworkedveryhardandendedupasafamousscientist他非常努力，最終成了一位著名的科學(xué)家。Trytokeephealthy.Idon'twantyoutoenduplikethat.努力保持健康，我不想你最后落得那樣的情況。【典例分析】1.WhenJennypracticesspeakingChinese,sheoftenendsupEnglishbecausesheisafraidofmakingmistakesingrammar.

A.speaking B.speakC.tospeak D.spoken2.Hisstoryalways________veryfunny.A.endupwith B.endupbeingC.endsupwith D.endsupbeing要點(diǎn)17“so

+形容詞/副詞+that+從句”；so…that意思是“如此…以至于…”拓展：如果名詞被many,much,few,little等詞修飾，則名詞前不用such而用so?！镜淅治觥?.—WhatdoyouthinkofthenewmovieWanderingEarth（《流浪地球》）?（2019年湖北黃岡）—It’s____wonderfulIreallylikeit.A.so;that B.such;that C.too;to D.enough;to2.Hehastoearnlotsofmoney_____hecanbuyhischildrennicefoodandclothes.A.sothatB.suchthatC.thatD.inorder3.SantaishanForestParkis__________beautifulthatithasbeeahottouristattraction.（2019，江蘇宿遷卷）A.so B.very C.such D.quite4.I’vehad_______manyfallsthatIamblackandblueallover.A.soB.suchC.tooD.very5.Thecamerais_______expensive_______Ican’taffordit.A.so;thatB.such;thatC.too;toD.enough;to6.Itwas______yesterdaythattheywentoutforapicnic.asuchfinedayB.suchafinedayC.soafinedayD.asofineday7.Jimissoyoungthathecan’tlookafterhimself.(改為同義句)①Jimis__________young__________lookafterhimself.Jimis__________old____________________lookafterhimself.要點(diǎn)18fool愚弄；俊瓜①fool用作可數(shù)名詞，意為“蠢人；傻瓜”，復(fù)數(shù)形式為fools，常用短語：makefoolof...意為“取笑......，捉弄......".例：IfeltsuchafoolwhenIrealizedmymistake.當(dāng)我意識到自己的錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，我才感覺自己真是一個(gè)傻瓜。Areyoutryingtomakefoolofme?你想患弄我嗎?②fool用作動詞，意為“愚弄，欺哄"。例：Don'tbefooledbythesalesman.不要被這個(gè)推銷員欺騙了。用法例句及物動詞，意為“愚弄；欺騙”，foolsb.intodoingsth.意為“欺騙某人做某事”Hefooledmeintogivinghimmoney.可數(shù)名詞，意為“蠢人；傻瓜”,makeafoolofsb.意為“取笑某人，捉弄某人”Don’tmakeafoolofher.fool的形容詞為foolish，意為“患蠢的，荒謬的"。例：Iwasfoolishenoughtobelievewhathesaid.我太愚蠢了，竟然相信他說的話，辨析：fool,foolish,stupid與silly詞語用法例句fool作動詞，意為“愚弄；欺騙”，指利用人缺乏意識，心理脆弱來欺騙人。Don’tfoolyourparents.作名詞，意為“傻瓜”WhatafoolIwastothinkthatitwastrue.foolish“愚蠢的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)不聰明的Itwasveryfoolishofyoutoparkthecarnearthebusstop.stupid“欠考慮的，糊涂的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)沒有判斷力的Frankdidn’tgetanyeducation,buthewasfarfromstupid.silly“愚蠢的，傻的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)不明事理的，沒頭腦的Youaresillytotakesaltassugar.要點(diǎn)19oversleepoversleep意為“睡過頭”，它的過去式和過去分詞都是overslept。例如：Ioversleptandmissedtheschoolbus.我睡過了頭，沒趕上學(xué)校班車。【拓展】某些詞前綴over，表示“超過,優(yōu)越,過度等”。overage過老的overtime超出時(shí)間的overwork過度工作overdo做得過分Ithinktheworkisoverdone.我覺得這工作做過頭了。Sheoverdressedherselftoday.她今天打扮過頭了?！镜淅治觥?.—Whywereyoulateforschoolthismorning?—Becausemyalarmclockdidn'tgooffandI________.A.overslept B.pleted C.changed D.missed要點(diǎn)20above在此處為介詞，意為“在......上面”。例:Theplaneflewabovetheclouds飛機(jī)在云層上方飛行。用法例句介詞，意為“在...上面”，表示不與參照物接觸。Abovethedeskisabeautifulpicture.副詞，“在上方，在上面”Trytospellthewordsabove.辨析:above,on與overabove“在......上面”，表示兩者不接觸，也不垂直，與below(在下面)相對on“在......上面”，指兩者表面接觸，與beneath(在......下面)相對over“在......正上方”，表示兩者垂直，但不接觸，也可指“籠罩/覆蓋在上面”，與under(在...正下方)相對詞語意義反義詞用法例句above在...上below不接觸，不垂直Themoonwasabovethetrees.（價(jià)格、溫度等）高于Thetemperaturewillstayabovezerointhedaytime.on在...上面beneath接觸Thereisanappleonthetable.over在...上面under不接觸，垂直Thelightisovermyhead.例:Thereisaplaneabovethetree.樹上方有一架飛機(jī)。Thereisaboxonthetable.桌上有個(gè)盒子。Thereisbridgeovertheriver.河上有座橋?！镜淅治觥?.—IsMountTaithehighestmountaininShandong?—Ithinkso.Itis1，545meters________sealevel.A.under B.above C.past D.along3．Thelittleboyhidhimself________thedoortogivehissisterasurprise.A．behind B．a(chǎn)bove C．a(chǎn)cross D．under3.選詞填空：above/on/over1）Theplaneisflying_____theclouds.2）Therearefivebooks_____thedesk.3）Thereisabridge_____theriver.4）Ihopethepriceofthedresswillnotbe____$20.【重點(diǎn)詞組】 1.

befullofthe

unexpected充滿了出乎意料的事情2.gooff(鬧鐘)發(fā)出響聲3.

rushoutofthedoor

沖出門4.

givesb.alift

捎某人一程5.

beabouttodosth.即將做某事6.

wait

inline

排隊(duì)等候7.

handin

上交8.

in

disbelief難以置信地9.

feelluckytobe

alive

為還活著感到幸運(yùn)10.

thinktooneself

自思自忖11.hearabout聽說12.

turninto變成13.

showup

出現(xiàn)；露面14.

invitesb.toa

costume

party邀請某人去化裝舞會15.makea

fool

ofsb.愚弄某人16.

sb.feel(s)

embarrassed

某人感到窘迫17.takesplace發(fā)生18.

playallkindsoftricksandjokesoneachother互相開各種玩笑19.

sellout

賣光20.loseweight減肥【重點(diǎn)句式】1.BythetimeIgotup,mybrotherhadalreadygottenin

theshower.我起床時(shí)，我哥哥已經(jīng)在洗澡了。2.AsI

was

waiting

in

line

withotherofficeworkers,I

heard

a

loud

sound．當(dāng)我正在和其他辦公室工作人員排隊(duì)等候時(shí)，我聽到一聲巨響。3.BeforeIcould

join

the

others

outsidetosee

what

was

going

onthefirstplanehadalready

hit

myofficebuilding我還沒有來得及加入外面的人群弄清楚正在發(fā)生什么事，第一架飛機(jī)已經(jīng)撞上了我辦公室的大樓。4.We

stared

in

disbelief

attheblacksmoke

rising

above

the

burning

building．我們直愣愣地盯著燃燒著的大樓上升起的黑煙。5.IwasabouttogoupwhenIdecidedtogetacoffeefirst.我正要上去(我的辦公室)時(shí)，突然決定先去買杯咖啡。6.Mybadluckhadunexpectedlyturnedintoagoodthing.我的壞運(yùn)氣出乎意料地變成了一件好事。7.Wellesmadeitsoundsorealthathundredsofpeoplebelievedthestory,andfearspreadacrossthewholecountry韋爾斯使他的話聽起來如此逼真，以至于數(shù)以百計(jì)的人相信了這個(gè)故事，恐懼在整個(gè)國家蔓延。知識要點(diǎn)二：語法知識要點(diǎn)二：語法知識要點(diǎn)二語法過去完成時(shí)態(tài)1．概念：過去完成時(shí)表示在過去某一時(shí)間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動作，即“過去的過去(pastinthepast)”。2．構(gòu)成：過去完成時(shí)由“助動詞(had)＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成，其中had通用于各種人稱，否定式為“hadnot＋過去分詞”，hadnot可縮寫為hadn't。如：①Theyhadalreadyhadbreakfastbeforewearrivedatthehotel.在我們到達(dá)酒店之前，他們已經(jīng)吃過早飯了。②Shehadn'tfinishedwritingthepositionby10：00thismorning.今天早上十點(diǎn)之前她還沒有寫完作文。3．過去完成時(shí)的主要用法(1)過去完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)動作或狀態(tài)在過去某一時(shí)間或動作之前已經(jīng)完成或結(jié)束。如：①Beforeshegotachancetosaygoodbye,hehadgoneintothebuilding.在她有機(jī)會說再見前，他已經(jīng)走進(jìn)了大樓。(主句的動作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”)②WhenIgottothecinema,themoviehadalreadybegun.當(dāng)我到達(dá)電影院時(shí)，電影已經(jīng)開始了。③BythetimeIgottoschool,theteacherhadcollectedthemathhomework.當(dāng)我到達(dá)學(xué)校時(shí)，老師已經(jīng)收了數(shù)學(xué)作業(yè)。④WehadlearnedovertwothousandEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.在上學(xué)期期末之前我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了兩千多個(gè)英語單詞了。(2)過去完成時(shí)是一個(gè)相對的時(shí)態(tài)，表示的是“過去的過去”，只有和過去某一時(shí)間或某一動作相比較時(shí)才使用它。如：①Hetoldmethathehadwrittenanewbook.他告訴我他已寫了一本新書。(written發(fā)生在told之前)②Shesaidthatshehadseenthefilmbefore.她說她以前看過這部電影。(seen發(fā)生在said之前)(3)過去完成時(shí)需要與一個(gè)表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，它不能離開過去時(shí)間而獨(dú)立存在。此時(shí)多與already,

yet,still,just,before,never等時(shí)間副詞及by(bythetime),

before,until等引導(dǎo)的短語或從句連用。如：①BeforeshecametoChina,GracehadtaughtEnglishinamiddleschoolforaboutfiveyears.在她來中國之前，格蕾斯在一所中學(xué)教英語已有五年了。②Peterhadcollectedmorethan300Chinesestampsbythetimehewasten.到他十歲時(shí)，彼得已經(jīng)收集了300多張中國郵票。③Shesaid

shehadworkedinthathospitalfor20years.她說她已在那家醫(yī)院工作二十年了。(4)過去完成時(shí)表示某一動作或狀態(tài)在過去某時(shí)之前已經(jīng)開始，一直延續(xù)到過去的這個(gè)時(shí)間。如：①Bytheendoflastyear,hehadworkedinthefactoryfortwentyyears.到去年年底，他在這個(gè)工廠工作已經(jīng)有二十年了。②ImetmyEnglishteacheronthestreetyesterday.Wehadn'tseeneachothersinceIfinishedschool.我昨天在街上碰到了我的英語老師。自從我畢業(yè)以來我們還沒有見過?！镜淅治觥?．He_______foreignersinhiscafebefore,sohedidn’tknowhowtoservetheAmericanfamily.A.hadrarelyhadB.hadhadrarelyC.rarelyhadD.hadrarely2.Thestudenttoldmethathe_______theexam_______.A.hashad;yesterdayB.had;thedaybeforeyesterdayC.hadhad;thedaybeforeD.hadhad;yesterday3.She___livedherefor______years.

A.had,afewB.has,severalC.had,alotofD.has,agreatdealof4.Themeeting________bythetimeIgotthereyesterday.A.wason B.hasbeenon C.h