高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法全套課件

學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載1.名詞性從句考點(diǎn)1、引導(dǎo)詞that與what；that與whether；if與whether；what與how等的區(qū)別；2、名詞性從句的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)序問(wèn)題；3、名詞性從句的語(yǔ)氣問(wèn)題；4、同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的比較區(qū)別。3.Ireallyappreciate_____torelaxwithyouonthisniceisland.01上海A.tohavehadtime B.havingtime C.tohavetime D.tohavingtimeB僅帶動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞為：admitappreciateavoiddelayenjoyescapeexcusepreventfinishimaginemindpractiseresistrisksuggeststandforgivekeepallowadvisepermitforbid但如果在allowadvisepermitforbid后提到有關(guān)的人，就只能用不定式作賓補(bǔ)。在動(dòng)詞want,need,require,demand等詞后加動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)表示被動(dòng)意義，相當(dāng)于tobedone。4.---Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.---Well,nowIregret_____that.95NA.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone5.---Letmetellyousomethingaboutthejournalists.---Don’tyouremember_____methestoryyesterday?99上海A.told B.telling C.totell tohavetold6.InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeans_____foranotherhour.02上海春季A.waiting B.towait C.waitD.tobewaitingDBA特別注意帶不定式和動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)意義不同的動(dòng)詞：remember,forget,regret,try,goon,mean,miss,stop7.Howaboutthetwoofus___awalkdownthegarden?93NA.totake B.take C.taking D.tobetaking8.---Imustapologizefor_____aheadoftime.---That’sallright.94NA.lettingyounotknow B.notlettingyouknowC.lettingyouknownot D.lettingnotyouknow9.Sandycoulddonothingbut_____tohisteacherthathewaswrong.01上海春季A.admit B.admitted C.admitting D.toadmitCBA介詞的賓語(yǔ)一般都用動(dòng)名詞，但有三個(gè)介詞butexcept/than/beabout后要接不定式作賓語(yǔ)。10.Ratherthan____onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers____abicycle.94NA.ride…ride B.riding…ride C.ride…toride D.toride…riding注意prefer的幾個(gè)常用句型：prefertodosth.thandosth.preferdoingsth.todoingsth.prefer+n.to+n.C11.Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto_____someschoolsforpoorchildren.01上海春季A.setupB.settingup C.havesetupD.havingsetup12.---Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?---Thekey_____theproblemistomeetthedemand_____bythecustomers.02北京A.tosolving…making B.tosolving…madeC.tosolve…making D.tosolve…madeBB要特別注意to的詞性，分析其為介詞還是不定式。admitto，beaccustomedto習(xí)慣于，beusedto，stickto，turnto，devoteoneselfto，bedevotedto，lookforwardto，payattentionto,getdownto等八、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)高考題點(diǎn)擊：1.---Mum,whydoyoualwaysmakemeeataneggeveryday?---_____enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup.99上海A.Get B.Getting C.Toget D.Tobegetting2._____lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.01北京春季A.Tosleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep D.Havingslept3.Inordertomakeourcitygreen,_____.02上海春季A.itisnecessarytohaveplantedmoretreesB.manymoretreesneedtoplantC.ourcityneedsmoretreesD.wemustplantmoretreesCAD4._____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.96NA.Losing B.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose5._____thegeneralstateofhishealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.00北京春季A.Given B.Togive C.Giving D.Havinggiven6.HesentmeanE-mail,_____togetfurtherinformation.00上海A.hoped B.hoping C.tohope D.hopeloseoneselfinsth.表示“陷入…”，主語(yǔ)he為lose的賓語(yǔ)。given作狀語(yǔ)意為“考慮到”，意思相當(dāng)于considering。注意hoping為伴隨狀語(yǔ)而非目的狀語(yǔ)，真正的目的是后面的toget…。CAB7.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_____nothingcanbedonetochangeit.02NA.begins B.havingbegun C.beginning D.begun8.Findinghercarstolen,_____.01上海.A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelp B.theareawassearchingthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhere D.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelponce在此處只是副詞，后面的分詞必須考慮到與句子主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系。begin為及物動(dòng)詞，意為“開(kāi)始、啟動(dòng)”，故該用過(guò)去分詞。本句要特別注意其邏輯主語(yǔ)。DD九、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)高考題點(diǎn)擊：Iwouldlove_____tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.97NA.togoB.havinggone C.going D.tohavegone2.Robertissaid_____abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.99NA.tohavestudied B.tostudy C.tobestudying D.tohavebeenstudyingDAwouldlovetohavedone表示本想去做，但沒(méi)做成。本題的關(guān)鍵是“whatcountryhestudiedin”，由此可知事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去。3.Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth.Sheappears_____everything.01上海A.totell B.tobetoldC.tobetelling D.tohavebeentold4.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_____whethertheywillenjoyit.02NA.tosee B.tobeseen C.seeing D.seen本題中母親被告知真象顯然發(fā)生在以前，所以你現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有必要再隱瞞了。remain后接todo，此處it指代的是后面的主語(yǔ)從句。他們是否喜歡有待于觀察，此處應(yīng)為被動(dòng)。DB5._____tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone’sskin.02上海A.Exposed B.Havingexposed C.Beingexposed D.Afterbeingexposed6._____suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.01NA.Havingsuffered B.Suffering C.Tosuffer D.Suffered7.Tonywasveryunhappyfor_____totheparty.00上海A.havingnotbeeninvited B.nothavinginvitedC.havingnotinvited D.nothavingbeeninvited該句缺主語(yǔ)，只能用動(dòng)名詞才能作主語(yǔ)。CAD8.Withalotofdifficultproblems_____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.02上海春季A.settled B.settling C.tosettle D.beingsettledwith+n./pron.+O.C.構(gòu)成一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語(yǔ)。用settled表示已經(jīng)解決了的問(wèn)題；用beingsettled表示正在被解決的問(wèn)題；用tobesettled表示將要被解決的問(wèn)題。而此處的tosettle是用來(lái)作定語(yǔ)修飾前面的problems。另外還要注意一下分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的基本用法。C2010年高考語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)系列十四反意問(wèn)句及倒裝句1、祈使句的反意問(wèn)句；2、Ithink+賓語(yǔ)從句的反意問(wèn)句；3、主從復(fù)合句的反意問(wèn)句；4、表示判斷的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的反意疑問(wèn)句。反意問(wèn)句考點(diǎn)分析考題點(diǎn)擊：1、Idon’tsupposeanyonewillvolunteer,_______?01上海A.doI B.don’tI C.willthey D.won’tthey2、Briantoldyouthattherewasn’tanyoneintheroomatthattime,________?02上海春季A.wasthereB.wasn’tthere C.didn’the D.didhe3、Thereisnolightinthedormitory.Theymusthavegonetothelecture,_______?（04上海春季）A.didn'ttheyB.don'ttheyC.mustn'ttheyD.haven'tthey4、---Alice,youfeedthebirdtoday,_________?---ButIfedityesterday.99NMETA.doyou B.willyou C.didn’tyou D.don’tyouCCDB陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是I，疑問(wèn)部分要用aren’tI.I’mastallasyoursister，aren’tI?2陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是wish，疑問(wèn)部分要用may+主語(yǔ)。

Iwishtohaveawordwithyou,mayI?陳述部分用no,nothing,nobody,never,few,seldom,hardly,rarely,little等否定含義的詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用肯定含義。

TheSwedemadenoanswer,didhe/she?Someplantsneverblown開(kāi)花,dothey?4含有oughtto的反意疑問(wèn)句，陳述部分是肯定的，疑問(wèn)部分用shouldn’t/oughtn’t+主語(yǔ)。

Heoughttoknowwhattodo,oughtn’the?/shouldn’the?5陳述部分有haveto+v.hadto+v.，疑問(wèn)部分常用don’t+主語(yǔ)（didn’t+主語(yǔ)）。

Wehavetogetthereateighttomorrow,don’twe?6陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是usedto時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用didn’t+主語(yǔ)或usedn’t+主語(yǔ)。

Heusedtotakepicturesthere,didn’tusedn’the?7陳述部分有hadbetter+v.疑問(wèn)句部分用hadn’tyou?

You’dbetterreaditbyyourself,hadn’tyou?8陳述部分有wouldrather+v.，疑問(wèn)部分多用wouldn’t+主語(yǔ)。

Hewouldratherreadittentimesthanreciteit,wouldn’the?9陳述部分有You’dliketo+v.疑問(wèn)部分用wouldn’t+主語(yǔ)。

You’dliketogowithme,wouldn’tyou?10陳述部分有must的疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。

Hemustbeadoctor,isn’the?

YoumusthavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears,haven’tyou?Hemusthavefinishedityesterday,didn’the?11感嘆句中，疑問(wèn)部分用be+主語(yǔ)。

Whatcolours,aren’tthey?

Whatasmell,isn’tit?12陳述部分由neither…nor,either…or連接的并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定。

NeitheryounorIamengineer,arewe?13陳述部分主語(yǔ)是指示代詞或不定代詞that,everything,nothing,this,疑問(wèn)部分主語(yǔ)用it。

Everythingisready,isn’tit?陳述部分為主語(yǔ)從句或并列句，疑問(wèn)部分有三種情況：a.并列句疑問(wèn)部分，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)鄰近分句的謂語(yǔ)而定。

Mr.SmithhadbeentoBeijingforseveraltimes,heshouldhavebeeninChinanow,shouldn’the?b.帶有定語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句,疑問(wèn)部分謂語(yǔ)根據(jù)主句的謂語(yǔ)而定：

Heisnotthemanwhogaveusatalk,ishe?

HesaidhewantedtovisitJapan,didn’the?c.上述部分如果主句主語(yǔ)是第一人稱(chēng)而謂語(yǔ)是think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，疑問(wèn)部分與賓語(yǔ)從句相對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句。

Idon’tthinkheisbright,ishe?

Webelieveshecandoitbetter,can’tshe?15陳述部分主語(yǔ)是不定代詞everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,noone等，疑問(wèn)部分常用復(fù)數(shù)they，有時(shí)也用單數(shù)he。

Everyoneknowstheanswer,don’tthey?doeshe?

Nobodyknowsaboutit,dothey?doeshe?16帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare或need的反意疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分常用needdare+主語(yǔ)。

Weneednotdoitagain,needwe?

Hedarenotsayso,dareyou?

當(dāng)dare,need為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用助動(dòng)詞do+主語(yǔ)。

Shedoesn’tdaretogohomealone,doesshe?17省去主語(yǔ)的祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分用willyou。

Don’tdothatagain,willyou?

Gowithme,willyou/won’tyou?

注意：Let’s開(kāi)頭的祈使句，后用shallwe?

Letus開(kāi)頭的祈使句，后用willyou?

Let’sgoandlistentothemusic,shallwe?

Letuswaitforyouinthereading-room,willyou?18陳述部分是“therebe”結(jié)構(gòu)的，疑問(wèn)部分用there省略主語(yǔ)代詞。

Thereissomethingwrongwithyourwatch,isn’tthere?

Therewillnotbeanytrouble,willthere?19否定前綴不能視為否定詞，其反意疑問(wèn)句仍用否定形式。

Itisimpossible,isn’tit?

Heisnotunkindtohisclassmates,ishe?20must在表“推測(cè)”時(shí)，根據(jù)其推測(cè)的情況來(lái)確定反意疑問(wèn)句。

Hemustbetherenow,isn’the?

Itmustbegoingtoraintomorrow,won’tit?考題點(diǎn)擊1：IfinallygotthejobIdreamedabout.Neverinallmylife_____sohappy.2000北京春季A.didIfeelB.IfeltC.IhadfeltD.hadIfeltD解析：含有否定意義的詞放在句首，句子要采用部分倒裝的形式，據(jù)此排除B、C兩項(xiàng)。句意要求用過(guò)去完成時(shí)?？碱}點(diǎn)擊2：______canyouexpecttogetapayrise.01北京春季A.WithhardworkB.AlthoughworkhardC.OnlywithhardworkD.NowthatheworkshardC解析：canyouexpect…是倒裝句，此處四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有Only+狀語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭的句子才需倒裝。以so;such;only加狀語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句開(kāi)頭的句子要倒裝?？碱}點(diǎn)擊3：Thedoctoropenedthedoorand_____theroom_____aboywithaballinhishand.A.into…comesB.into…cameC.in…entersD.in…enteredB解析：表示趨向性的介詞或副詞短語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)，句子要全部倒裝，即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)完全倒置。此種倒裝需要注意兩點(diǎn)：1主語(yǔ)必須是名詞；2動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)。另外在復(fù)習(xí)過(guò)程中還需要注意虛擬倒裝句及讓步倒裝句：1、Whatwouldhavehappened,_____asfarastheriverbank?A.BobhadwalkedfartherB.ifBobshouldwalkfartherC.hadBobwalkedfartherD.ifBobwalkedfarther2.______,heseemstoknoweverythinginthecity.A.YoungalthoughtheboyisB.AboythoughheisC.BoyasheisD.YoungasistheboyCC2010年高考語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)名詞性從句用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型1）Itisthefirst/secondtime….that…結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedthecity.

Itwasthethirdtimethattheboyhadbeenlate.注意比較It’stimethat…結(jié)構(gòu)：Itishightimethatwewenttoschool.2）Thisisthe…that…結(jié)構(gòu)，that從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí).

ThisisthebestfilmthatI’veeverseen.

這是我看過(guò)的最好的電影。

ThisisthefirsttimethatI’veheardhimsing.這是我第一次聽(tīng)他唱歌。典型例題

1---Doyouknowourtownatall?

---No,thisisthefirsttimeI___here.

A.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.amcoming2---Haveyou____beentoourtownbefore?

---No,it’sthefirsttimeI___here.

A.even,come B.even,havecomeC.ever,come D.ever,havecome

注意：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否定形式可以與表示延續(xù)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。即動(dòng)作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù)的。

（錯(cuò)）Ihavereceivedhisletterforamonth.

（對(duì)）Ihaven'treceivedhisletterforalmostamonth.BD2、過(guò)去時(shí)高考題點(diǎn)擊：1.---Nancyisnotcomingtonight.---Butshe_____!98NA.promises B.promised C.willpromiseD.hadpromised2.Myuncle_____untilhewasforty-five.2000上海A.married B.didn’tmarry C.wasnotmarrying D.wouldmarry說(shuō)明：Nancy答應(yīng)要來(lái)這個(gè)動(dòng)作應(yīng)該發(fā)生在過(guò)去，是過(guò)去作出的承諾。說(shuō)明：until用在肯定句中時(shí)，主句的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示該動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到until后的時(shí)間為止；短暫性動(dòng)詞只能用在否定句中，表示直到此時(shí)該動(dòng)作才開(kāi)始。本題中marry是短暫性動(dòng)詞，所以只能用在否定句中。BB3.---Youhaven’tsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?N2002---I’msorryI_______anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit’sprettyonyou.A.wasn’tsaying B.don’tsay C.won’tsay D.didn’tsay說(shuō)明：本題的干擾源來(lái)自上下文中的時(shí)態(tài)，上文用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，下文用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以有些人就誤以為此處該用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)了。但根據(jù)說(shuō)話人的意思不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，沒(méi)有說(shuō)出自己的評(píng)價(jià)是在這段對(duì)話以前的事了，所以要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。D4.Asshe____thenewspaper,Granny____asleep.95NA.read…wasfalling B.wasreading…fellC.wasreading…wasfalling D.read…fell5.Themanagerhadfallenasleepwherehe______,withoutundressing.（05安徽卷）A.waslayingB.waslyingC.hadlaidD.hadlied說(shuō)明：一般來(lái)說(shuō)在復(fù)合句中的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，延續(xù)性的動(dòng)作大都用進(jìn)行時(shí)，短暫性的動(dòng)詞用一般時(shí)，表示在某個(gè)動(dòng)作進(jìn)行的過(guò)程當(dāng)中另一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生了。說(shuō)明：該題的意思為“經(jīng)理躺在那兒睡著了，衣服也沒(méi)脫”?！疤伞笔且粋€(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞，其過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞為“l(fā)ay;lain”。lay是及物動(dòng)詞，過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞為laid；lied是“說(shuō)謊”的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞。BB6.Thelittlegirl____herheartoutbecauseshe____hertoybearandbelievedshewasn’tevergoingtofindit.02北京A.hadcried,lost B.cried,hadlost C.hascried,haslost D.cries,haslost7.―Hurryup!AliceandSuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.―Oh!Ithoughtthey______withoutme.05江西卷?A．went?B．a(chǎn)regoing?C．havegone?D．hadgone說(shuō)明：哭得傷心發(fā)生在過(guò)去，而丟玩具熊發(fā)生在哭之前。兩個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，之前發(fā)生的用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，之后發(fā)生的用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。說(shuō)明：“他沒(méi)叫我就走了”這個(gè)動(dòng)作明顯發(fā)生在“我認(rèn)為”之前。所以必須用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。BD3、將來(lái)時(shí)高考題點(diǎn)擊：1.Ifaman_____succeed,hemustworkashardashecan.95上海A.will B.isto C.isgoingto D.should2.---You’veleftthelighton.---Oh,soIhave._____andturnitoff.2000NA.I’llgo B.I’vegone C.Igo D.I’mgoing說(shuō)明：此句的意思為“如果一個(gè)人想要成功，就必須盡力而為”。If引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，不能用將來(lái)時(shí)。而beto結(jié)構(gòu)雖然表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，但它不屬于將來(lái)時(shí)。說(shuō)明：本句的重點(diǎn)是“并行結(jié)構(gòu)”，關(guān)鍵是看后面的turn，所以B、C、D、都不符合。BA3.BythetimeJanegetshome,heraunt_______forLondontoattendameeting.05天津卷A.willleave B.leaves C.willhaveleftD.left4.Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe_____officesoon.93NA.leaves B.wouldleave C.left D.hadleft說(shuō)明：that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)作“離職”應(yīng)該發(fā)生在“weresurprised”之后，故需用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。CB說(shuō)明：bythetime表示“到……為止”“在……之前”，如果主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，一般需要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；如果是將來(lái)，就需用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。4、狀語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題高考題點(diǎn)擊：1.---CanIjointheclub,Dad?---Youcanwhenyou_____abitolder.94NA.get B.willget C.aregetting D.willhavegot2.Insuchdryweather,theflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey_____.2001上海A.havesurvived B.aretosurvive C.wouldsurvive D.willsurvive說(shuō)明：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中沒(méi)有將來(lái)時(shí)，需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代一般將來(lái)時(shí)。說(shuō)明：條件狀語(yǔ)從句中不用將來(lái)時(shí)，但beto結(jié)構(gòu)不屬于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)形式。AB3.HewillhavelearnedEnglishforeightyearsbythetimehe_____fromtheuniversitynextyear.2002上海A.willgraduate B.willhavegraduatedC.graduates D.istograduate4.It____longbeforewe____theresultoftheexperiment.2002上海春季A.willnotbe,willknow B.is,willknowC.willnotbe,know D.is,know說(shuō)明：bythetime引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，故不能使用將來(lái)時(shí)。D選項(xiàng)雖可考慮，但beto結(jié)構(gòu)大多用來(lái)表示“義務(wù)、決定、職責(zé)、約定”等，與句意不合。說(shuō)明：before引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，無(wú)將來(lái)時(shí)，而主句應(yīng)該用將來(lái)時(shí)。CC5、祈使句中的動(dòng)詞問(wèn)題高考題點(diǎn)擊：1._____itwithmeandI’llseewhatIcando.98NA.Whenleft B.Leaving C.Ifyouleave D.Leave2._____someofthisjuice---perhapsyou’lllikeit.2000北京春季A.Trying B.Try C.Totry D.Havetried3._____atthedoorbeforeentering,please.01北京春季A.knocked B.Toknock C.Knocking D.Knock4._____bloodifyoucanandmanyliveswillbesaved.2001上海A.Giving B.Give C.Given D.TogiveDBDB6、幾種時(shí)態(tài)的替代問(wèn)題A：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)：除了在時(shí)間、條件、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)外，表示現(xiàn)在已安排好的未來(lái)事項(xiàng)，行程等活動(dòng)也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來(lái)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。如：

Themuseumopensattentomorrow.博物館明天10點(diǎn)開(kāi)門(mén)。實(shí)際上每天如此。B：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替完成時(shí)：句型“Itis…since…”代替“Ithasbeen…since…”

ItishasbeenfiveyearssincewelastmetC：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替進(jìn)行時(shí)：在全部倒裝句中都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：Look,herecomesMr.Li.06年高考語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)高考題點(diǎn)擊：1.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection_____.94NA.hascompleted B.completes C.hasbeencompleted D.iscompleted2.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget_____bythehour.98NA.pay B.paying C.paid D.topay說(shuō)明：集郵冊(cè)只能被完成，且在before從句中沒(méi)有將來(lái)時(shí)，故只能選D。說(shuō)明：該句的意思為“在大城市中清潔女工的工資通常是按小時(shí)支付的?！焙苊黠@該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。DC3.Booksofthiskind_____well.99上海A.sell B.sells C.aresold D.issold4.Hundredsofjobs_____ifthefactorycloses.01北京春A.lose B.willbelost C.arelost D.willlose說(shuō)明：sell既可作及物動(dòng)詞又可作不及物動(dòng)詞，當(dāng)用作“銷(xiāo)售情況如何”時(shí)，sell為不及物動(dòng)詞，故沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。類(lèi)似的詞還有：wash,translate,write等。說(shuō)明：losejob為“失業(yè)”，job只能被失去，且動(dòng)作應(yīng)該發(fā)生在將來(lái)。AB5.Anewcinema_____here.Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.2001北京春季A.willbebuilt B.isbuilt C.hasbeenbuilt D.isbeingbuilt6.Thenewsuspensionbridge_____bytheendoflastmonth.2001上海A.hasbeendesigned B.hadbeendesigned C.wasdesigned D.wouldbedesigned說(shuō)明：從后句可知電影院應(yīng)該正在修建。需要注意的是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞形式。說(shuō)明：bytheendof短語(yǔ)一般都與過(guò)去完成時(shí)或?qū)?lái)完成時(shí)連用。DB7.ThisisTed’sphoto.Wemisshimalot.He_____tryingtosaveachildintheearthquake.2002北京春季A.killed B.iskilled C.waskilled D.waskilling8.Ifeelitisyourhusbandwho______forthespoiledchild.2002上海A.istoblame B.isgoingtoblame C.istobeblamed D.shouldblame說(shuō)明：不要被前面使用的現(xiàn)在時(shí)所蒙蔽，在地震中搶救小孩并獻(xiàn)身的動(dòng)作只能在過(guò)去。說(shuō)明：betoblame是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。該句是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。CA9.Rainforests_____andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.2002上海春季A.cutB.arecut C.arebeingcutD.hadbeencut說(shuō)明：該句的意思為“雨林正在以如此快的速度被砍伐和燒毀以至于在不久的將來(lái)它們就會(huì)消失。”從語(yǔ)境中可以看出應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。況且進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表達(dá)出說(shuō)話人的一種特殊的情感。說(shuō)話人是想呼吁人們停止亂砍亂燒雨林，給人們提出的一種警告。C2010年高考語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的考點(diǎn)1、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別；2、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)；3、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)；4、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)；5、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)；6、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)；7、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)。二、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法功能不定式主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)分詞表語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)三、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別高考題點(diǎn)擊：1.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaid_____tothenotice.93NA.angrilypointing B.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointed D.andangrilypointing2.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage____thegirlandtookheraway,____intothewoods.（04上海春季）A.seizing..,disappearedB.seized..,disappearedC.seizing,disappearingD.seized,disappearing兩個(gè)動(dòng)作之間用and連接稱(chēng)為并列謂語(yǔ)，并列謂語(yǔ)需注意兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞的形式的一致性，故B、D皆錯(cuò)；不用and連接時(shí)稱(chēng)之為狀語(yǔ)，只能用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，故C錯(cuò)。seized和took是并列謂語(yǔ)，disappearing是伴隨狀語(yǔ)。此題的關(guān)鍵是and的位置，如果and在disappear前，則三個(gè)動(dòng)詞并列。AD四、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)高考題點(diǎn)擊：1.Fishingishisfavoritehobby,and_____.01上海A.he’dliketocollectcoinsaswellB.hefeelslikecollectingcoins,tooC.tocollectcoinsisalsohishobbyD.collectingcoinsalsogiveshimgreatpleasure2.It’snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview.____theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.05北京卷A.TohavehadB.HavinghadC.HaveD.Having在and連接的并列句中，兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)最好要保持一致的形式。動(dòng)名詞fishing和collectingcoins分別作兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句的主語(yǔ)。這句話的意思為“釣魚(yú)是他的愛(ài)好，集郵也給他帶來(lái)極大的樂(lè)趣?！盌D非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)要注意以下兩個(gè)重要問(wèn)題：第一是并行結(jié)構(gòu)問(wèn)題，如：Seeingisbelieving./Toseeistobelieve.第二需要注意一些結(jié)構(gòu)：A在It’snousegood;value;importance等結(jié)構(gòu)中只用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)。如：It’snousequarrellingwithsuchafellow.注意比較：There’snoneedtotellhimaboutit.B在It’s+adj.結(jié)構(gòu)中都用不定式作主語(yǔ)。注意兩種句型：It’seasydifficult,hard,important,possible,impossible,comfortable,necessary,better;thefirst,thenext,thelast,thebest,toomuch,toolittle,notenough后加forsb.todoIt’skindnice,stupid,rude,clever,foolish,thoughtful,thoughtless,brave,considerate考慮周到的,silly,selfish自私的后加ofsb.todo3.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,_____itmoredifficult.99NA.notmake B.nottomake C.notmaking D.donotmakeB動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)tomakelifeeasier及nottomakeitmoredifficult都作purpose的表語(yǔ)。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)要特別注意兩個(gè)問(wèn)題，一是并行結(jié)構(gòu)問(wèn)題，二是時(shí)間問(wèn)題。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，不定式作表語(yǔ)都表示該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在將來(lái)，故在表示“目的、愿望、夢(mèng)想、需求”等名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)其表語(yǔ)應(yīng)該用不定式。動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)一般用來(lái)表示“身份、職業(yè)”等。另外要特別注意現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。五、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)高考題點(diǎn)擊：1.Theflowers____sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.（04上海）A.tosmellB.smellingC.smelt D.tobesmelt2.Amanisbeingquestionedinrelationtothe________murderlastnight.（04江蘇）A.advisedB.attendedC.attemptedD.admitted該題的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是attract，“聞起來(lái)很香”用來(lái)作定語(yǔ)修飾主語(yǔ)flowers。BC“謀殺”只能被預(yù)謀，故該用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)。3.Thepicture_____onthewallispaintedbymynephew.00北京春季A.havinghungB.hangingC.hangs D.beinghung4.Therearefivepairs_____,butI’matalosswhichtobuy.99上海A.tobechosen B.tochoosefrom C.tochoose D.forchoosingBBhang作及物動(dòng)詞用時(shí)表示人為的“掛”；作不及物動(dòng)詞用時(shí)表示東西掛在某處的狀態(tài)。本句中的hang為不及物動(dòng)詞，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式tochoosefrom和tochoose都可以作定語(yǔ)，問(wèn)題是tochoose作定語(yǔ)時(shí)該名詞是choose的對(duì)象；tochoosefrom作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，該名詞是choose的范圍。該題指的是范圍.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要注意以下區(qū)別：分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)與其所修飾的名詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系；動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)只表示用途、場(chǎng)所等意義；不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要注意以下一些固定結(jié)構(gòu)：在time,chance,right等名詞后；在序數(shù)詞后；在wish,need,demand,requirement…等詞后。D表示被動(dòng)意義的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的用法：done表示已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作tobedone表示尚未開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作beingdone表示正在進(jìn)行之中的動(dòng)作六、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)高考題點(diǎn)擊：Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_____.95NA.notto B.nottodo C.nottoit D.donottoA為了避免重復(fù)，常用省略形式to來(lái)代替前面的動(dòng)作。如：Wouldyouliketovisitourschool?Yes,I’dliketo.有些動(dòng)詞后面需要用不定式作賓補(bǔ)，除tell外，常見(jiàn)的還有：adviseallowcauseconsiderencourageforbidforceintendorderpermitpersuaderemindrequestrequireurgewarnaskwishwant等特別注意：hope,agree,demand,suggest等沒(méi)有賓補(bǔ)。2.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade_____.Healwaysworkshard.95NA.learn B.tolearn C.learned D.learning3.Acomputerdoesonlywhatthinkingpeople___.99上海A.haveitdo B.haveitdone C.havedoneit D.havingitdone使役動(dòng)詞make/have/letsb.dosth.但改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后，則應(yīng)為：bemade/lettodo。注意其它不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式的用法。此句中的it指代的是acomputer，what在從句中作do的賓語(yǔ)，表示“人們讓計(jì)算機(jī)所做的事“應(yīng)該用…peoplehaveacomputerdo…這一結(jié)構(gòu)。需要注意的是have的幾個(gè)常用結(jié)構(gòu)：havesb./sth.do…;havesb./sth.done…;havesb./sth.doing…;havesb./sth.todoBA4.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_____thenextyear.00NA.carryout B.carryingoutC.carriedout D.tocarryout5.Themissingboyswerelastseen___neartheriver.94NA.playing B.tobeplaying C.play D.toplaythat引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾plan，在從句中作see的賓語(yǔ)。因此從句中的結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)為seetheplancarriedout。特別注意現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別。感官性動(dòng)詞后面的賓補(bǔ)若用不定式，則表示一個(gè)完整的動(dòng)作；若用現(xiàn)在分詞，則表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。本句應(yīng)理解為正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。CA七、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)高考題點(diǎn)擊：1.Weagreed_____herebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.95NA.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeet D.tohavemet2.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_____tomynewjob.00NA.expected B.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expectsCB