2024-2025學年高二英語寒假提升天天練之閱讀理解Day8降保健含解析

Day8健康保健AIthasalwaysbeenthoughtthatalcoholcausespeopletoputonweightbecauseitcontainsalotofsugar,butnewresearchsuggestsaglassadaycoldformpartofadiet.Lookingatpaststudiestheyfoundthat,whileheavydrinkersdoputonweight;thosewhodrinkinmoderationcanactuallyloseweight.AspokesmanfortheresearchteamatNavarroUniversityinSpainsays,＂Lighttomoderatealcoholintake,especiallyofwine,maybemorelikelytoprotectagainst,ratherthanpromote,weightgain.＂TheInternationalScientificForumonAlcoholResearchreviewedthefindingsandagreedwithmostoftheconclusions,particularlythatdatadonotclearlyindicateifmoderatedrinkingincreasesweight.BostonUniversity’sDr.HarveyFinkelfoundthatthebiologicmechanisms(生物學機制)relatingalcoholtochangesinbodyweightarenotproperlyunderstood.Histeampointedoutthestrongprotectiveeffectsofmoderatedrinkingontheriskofgettingconditionslikediabetes(糖尿病),whichrelatetoincreasingobesity.Somestudiessuggestthatevenveryobesepeoplemaybeatlowerriskofdiabetesiftheyaremoderatedrinkers.Thegroupsaysalcoholprovidescaloriesthatarequicklyabsorbedintothebodyandarenotstoredinfat,andthatthisprocesscouldexplainthedifferencesinitseffectsfromthoseofotherfoods.Theyagreethatfutureresearchshouldbedirectedtowardsassessingtherolesofdifferenttypesofalcoholicdrinks,takingintoconsiderationdrinkingpatternsandincludingthepasttendencyofparticipantstogainweight.Fornowthereislittleevidencethatconsumingsmalltomoderateamountsofalcoholonaregularbasisincreasesone’sriskofbecomingobese.What’smore,astudythreeyearsagosuggestedthatresveratrol(白藜蘆醇),acompoundpresentingrapesandredwinedestroysfatcells.1.Thepassageismainlyforthose___________.A.whoproducewineB.whohaveadrinkinghabitC.whogoonadietD.whoareeagertoloseweight2.Theunderlinedphrase＂inmoderation＂inthefirstparagraphmeans___________.A.excitedly

B.carefullyC.frequently

D.properly3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Currentdataclearlyshowthatmoderatedrinkingincreasesweight.B.Resveratrolisprovedtoincreasetheriskofbecomingfat.C.Theresearchfoundmoderatedrinkinghasastrongprotectiveeffect.D.Thespecificrolesofdifferenttypesofalcoholicdrinksareveryclear.4.Whatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Howtodosomeeasyexperiments.B.Howtoreducethecaloriescontainedinwine.C.Howtoprovethefindingmentionedabove.D.Howtomakewineinahealthyway.BAustraliaandNewZealand’shealthorganizationshavegiventheiradviceonwhentousesunscreen(防曬霜),suggestingAustraliansapplyiteverydaytoavoidbadhealtheffects.ASunscreenSummittookplaceintheAustralianStateofQueensland.Duringthesummit,representativesfromsomeofAustralia’sleadingresearch,medicalandpublichealthorganizationsexaminedtheevidenceonsunscreenusethedeterminedthatinmostpartsofthecountryitisbeneficialtoapplysunscreeneveryday.“Upuntilnow,publichealthorganizationshaverecommendedapplyingsunscreenaheadofplannedoutdooractivitiesbuthaven’trecommendedapplyingiteverydayaspartofamorningroutine(慣例),”professorRachelNealefromQIMRBerghoferMedicalResearchInstitutesaid.“Inrecentyears,ithasbecomeclearthattheDNAdamagecausesskincancerandmelanoma(黑色素瘤),whichiscausedbyrepeatedsmallexposuretosunlightoveraperiodoftime,”Nealesaid.“InAustralia,wegetalotofsunexposurefromeverydayactivitiessuchaswalkingtothebusstoportrainstation,”Nealesaid.AstudyshowedthatoneintwoAustraliansbelieveditwasunhealthyandpotentiallydangeroustousesunscreeneveryday.However,TerrySlevinfromthePublicHealthAssociationofAustraliasaysitiswrong.“Thereisconsistentandcompellingevidencethatsunscreensaresafe,”Slevinsaid.“Importantly,medicaltrialshavefoundthatpeoplewhousesunscreendailyhavethesamelevelsofvitaminDasthosewhodon’t,”Slevinadded.Australiahasoneofthehighestratesofskincancerintheworld,whichismadeworsebythecountry’sclosetoAntarcticawherethereisaholeintheozonelayer(臭氧層),lettinginhighernumbersofUVrays.1.WhatmadeAustralianhealthorganizationsadviseAustralianstousesunscreen?A.Themakersofsunscreen.B.Australiangovernment.C.TheSunscreenSummit.D.NewZealand’sresearchers.2.WhatisnotrecommendedbeforetheSunscreenSummit?A.Usingsunscreenasamorningroutine.B.Usingsunscreenbeforeoutdooractivities.C.Reducingtheuseofsunscreen.D.Reducingoutdooractivities.3.WhatisthemisunderstandingofmanyAustralians?A.Sunscreenwillnevertakeeffect.B.Sunscreenisbadforpeople’shealth.C.Peopleusingsunscreenhavethesamelevelsofvitamin.D.D.Peopleusingsunscreenwon’thaveskincancer.4.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“compelling”underlinedinparagraph4?A.Interesting.

B.Disappointing.C.Boring.

D.Convincing.CHerearetwointerestingquestions.Areyouveryhappywithyourlifenow?Arepeoplehappierastheygetolder?Astudyfoundthatpeoplegenerallybecomehappierandexperiencelessworryafterage50.Infact,itfoundthatbytheageof85,peoplearehappierwiththeirlifethantheywereat18.ThefindingcamefromaGallupsurveyofmorethan340,000adultsbetweentheageof18and85intheUnitedStates.ArthurStoneintheDepartmentofPsychiatryandBehavioralScienceatStonyBrookUniversityinNewYorkledthestudy.Histeamfoundthatlevelsofstresswerehighestamongadultsbetweentheagesof22and25.Stresslevelsdroppedsharplyafterpeoplereachedtheirfifties.Happinesswashighestamongtheyoungestadultsandthoseintheirearlyseventies.Butthepeopleleastlikelytoreportfeelingnegativeemotionswerethoseintheirseventiesandeighties.Thesurveyalsofoundthatmenandwomenhadsimilaremotionalpatternsastheygrowolder.However,womenatallagesreportedmoresadness,stressandworrythanmendid.Theresearchersalsoconsideredpossibleinfluenceslikehavingyoungchildren,beingunemployedorbeingsingle.Buttheyfoundthatinfluenceslikethesedidnotaffectthelevelsofhappinessandwell-beingrelatedtoage.Sowhywouldhappinessincreasewithage?Onetheoryisthat,aspeoplegetolder,theybecomemorethankfulforwhattheyhaveandhavebettercontroloftheiremotions.Theyalsospendlesstimethinkingaboutbadexperiences.Theoriginalgoalofthestudywastoconfirmthepopularbeliefthatagingisconnectedwithincreasedsleepproblems.Thesurveydidfindanincreaseduringmiddleage,especiallyinwomen.Butexceptforthat,peoplereportedthattheyfelttheirsleepqualityimprovedastheygotolder.1.Whenwilladultsfeelmoststressfulaccordingtothestudy?A.Intheirseventies.

B.Intheirfifties.C.Intheirtwenties.

D.Intheireighties.2.WhatmaymakeArthurStonefeelabitsurprised?A.Womenusuallylivelongerthanmen.B.Mostofoldpeoplecan'tsleepwellatnight.C.Middle-agemenmostlyareveryrich.D.Oldpeopleusuallyhaveabettersleep.3.Oldpeoplemaybehappierprobablybecause

.A.theyspendmoretimeconsideringbadexperiencesB.theyaremostlikelysatisfiedwithlife.C.theydon'thavetoworkhardeveryday.D.theycandowhatevertheylikebest.4.Whichofthefollowingmaybethetopicofthispassage?A.Theyoungpeopleandtheoldpeople.B.Theconnectionofsleepandhappiness.C.Oldpeople'sfeelingofhappiness.D.Womenarenotashappyasmenwiththeirlife.DWeallknowthatwateristasteless.Butithappensfromtimetotime:youpickupthebottleofwateryoudidn’tfinishyesterday,andittastesstrange.Mostoften,youtendtodropthebottleinthetrashbin,believingthatthewaterhasgonebad.Butisittrue?AccordingtoTime,ofcoursenot,tastehaslittletodowithqualityofwater.AccordingtoTime,whenwaterisexposedtotheairfor12hours,carbondioxideinteractswiththeH2Ointhewater,andthepHvaluelowersslightly.Asaresult,thewaterhasadifferenttaste.“Butit’smostlikelysafetodrink,”NorwegianexpertTrulsKroghtoldScienceNordic.“Ifthewateriscoveredandofgoodqualitytostartwith,inprincipleitcanlastathousandyears.That’sbecausewhenwaterisfresh,itcontainslittleorganicmatter.Aslongaswaterisheldincleanglassesorbottles,nopollutantswillenterittoharmourhealth.”PeopleincountriesliketheUS,theUKandAustraliausuallydrinktapwater.AccordingtoTime,iftapwaterisdrunkwithinsixmonths,thechlorine(氯氣)inthewaterwillbeenoughtokillanybacteriaandkeepitsafetodrink.However,therearealsosomeexceptions.Ifyouaccidentallyputyourfingersintowaterorstorewaterinuncleancontainersdayafterday,microorganism(微生物)willenterthewater.Withthehelpofsurroundingtemperature,andsunlightstreamingthroughwindows,thesemicroorganismsmultiplyquickly.Soonerorlater,thewaterwillbeinthechargeoftheunfriendlybacteria.Andifyoudrinkthewatertoooften,thenyou’remorelikelytobeill.Andwhataboutwaterinplasticbottles?Heatandplasticareabadcombination,USresearcherKelloggSchwabstresses.Whenplasticbottlesareusedathightemperatures,theyproduceachemicalcalledBPA.BPAissomethingthataffectshormones(荷爾蒙)andresearchhastentativelylinkeditto“severalhealthdamage,includingheartdiseaseandcancer”,Timereported.Schwabsuggestsreplacingdisposable(一次性的)plasticbottleswiththerefillablecontainersmadeofmetalorglasstodealwithBPA.1.Thepurposeofthefirstparagraphisto________________.A.showanexample

B.drawaconclusionC.analyzeaphenomenon

D.introduceatopic2.WhichofthefollowingmayTrulsKroghagree?A.Ifthewatertastesdifferent,weshouldn’tdrinkit.B.Thewaterheldinacleancontainerislikelysafetodrink.C.Althoughkeptfresh,watermaystillhavemuchorganicmatter.D.Coveredwatercanlastforathousandyears.3.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.BPAdoeslittleharmtoourhealth.B.Tapwaterisalwayssafetodrink.C.Microorganismsareeasytoproduceintheheat.D.Disposableplasticbottleshavebeenbannedalready.4.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.WhyWaterisTasteless

B.HowtoGetCleanWaterC.DoesWaterReallyGoBad?

D.LearntoProtectWater答案A【答案解析】1.B

2.D

3.C

4.C【分析】本文是說明文。探討人員發(fā)覺酒也可能成為人們飲食的一部分，適當?shù)娘嬀撇⒉粫?dǎo)致人們發(fā)胖，并且適量飲酒會防止人們得糖尿病。【1題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第一段第一句Ithasalwaysbeenthoughtthatalcoholcausespeopletoputonweightbecauseitcontainsalotofsugar,butnewresearchsuggestsaglassadaycouldformpartofadiet.可知，探討發(fā)覺酒也可能成為人們飲食的一部分，適當?shù)娘嬀撇⒉粫?dǎo)致人們發(fā)胖。全文都在敘述與之有關(guān)的探討，所以本文應(yīng)當是寫給那些喝酒的人的。故選B?！?題詳解】揣測詞義題。依據(jù)第一段其次句Lookingatpaststudiestheyfoundthat,whileheavydrinkersdoputonweight;thosewhodrinkinmoderationcanactuallyloseweight.（盡管酗酒的確可以增加體重，但是那些適當飲酒的人事實上會減肥。），依據(jù)連詞while可知，上下文存在對比關(guān)系，inmoderation指適當?shù)?，有?jié)制的，故選D?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段其次句Histeampointedoutthestrongprotectiveeffectsofmoderatedrinkingontheriskofgettingconditionslikediabetes(糖尿病),whichrelatetoincreasingobesity.可知，適量飲酒對于糖尿病有防護作用，也就是說適量飲酒的人不會患上糖尿病。故選C?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一句What’smore,astudythreeyearsagosuggestedthatresveratrol,acompoundpresentingrapesandredwinedestroysfatcells.可知，一項探討說明葡萄和紅酒中存在的resveratrol事實上可以破壞肥胖細胞，那么接下來就應(yīng)當證明這一理論的正確性，故選C。【點睛】推理題的解題方法1.抓住特定信息進行逆向或正向推理。做此類試題要擅長抓住某一段話中的關(guān)鍵信息，即某些關(guān)鍵詞或短語去分析、推理、推斷，利用逆向思維或正面推理，從而推斷出這句話所隱含的深層含義。2.整合全文（段）信息進行推斷做推理題時，有時須要在弄懂全文意思的基礎(chǔ)上，整合與題目相關(guān)的有用信息，綜合起來去推理推斷，確定最佳結(jié)論。小題2依據(jù)第一段其次句Lookingatpaststudiestheyfoundthat,whileheavydrinkersdoputonweight;thosewhodrinkinmoderationcanactuallyloseweight.盡管酗酒的確可以增加體重，但是那些適當飲酒的人事實上會減肥。依據(jù)連詞while可知上下文存在對比關(guān)系，故選B。B【答案解析】1.C

2.A

3.B

4.D【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹防護霜的運用。澳大利亞和新西蘭的健康組織給出了何時運用防曬霜的建議，建議澳大利亞人每天涂抹防曬霜，以避開對健康造成不良影響?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段ASunscreenSummittookplaceintheAustralianStateofQueensland.Duringthesummit,representativesfromsomeofAustralia’sleadingresearch,medicalandpublichealthorganizationsexaminedtheevidenceonsunscreenuseanddeterminedthatinmostpartsofthecountryitisbeneficialtoapplysunscreeneveryday.可知，防曬霜峰會在澳大利亞昆士蘭州實行，在峰會期間，來自澳大利亞一些領(lǐng)先探討的代表，醫(yī)療和公共衛(wèi)生組織探討了防曬霜運用的證據(jù)，并確定在大多數(shù)地區(qū)，每天涂防曬霜是有益的。由此可知，防曬霜峰會促使澳大利亞健康組織建議澳大利亞人運用防曬霜。故選C?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中buthaven’trecommendedapplyingiteverydayaspartofamorningroutine(但我不建議你每天早上都運用它)可知，“早上要運用防曬霜”在防曬霜峰會前不舉薦。故選A?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中AstudyshowedthatoneintwoAustraliansbelieveditwasunhealthyandpotentiallydangeroustousesunscreeneveryday.However,TerrySlevinfromthePublicHealthAssociationofAustraliasaysitiswrong.(一項探討表明，二分之一的澳大利亞人認為每天運用防曬霜是不健康的，而且有潛在的危急。然而，澳大利亞公共衛(wèi)生協(xié)會的TerrySlevin說這是錯誤的)可知，許多澳大利亞人認為防曬霜對人們的健康有害。故選B?！?題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)劃線詞前后的內(nèi)容consistent“一樣的”和evidencethatsunscreensaresafe“防曬霜是平安的證據(jù)”以及劃線句的下句“Importantly,medicaltrialshavefoundthatpeoplewhousesunscreendailyhavethesamelevelsofvitamindasthosewhodon’t,”(重要的是，醫(yī)學試驗發(fā)覺，每天運用防曬霜的人和不運用防曬霜的人體內(nèi)的維生素d含量是一樣的)由此推知，劃線詞的意思是“令人信服的”。故選D?！军c睛】做詞義揣測題時要特殊留意熟詞生義，切不行脫離語境想當然。在句子或段落中，我們可以利用熟識的詞語，依據(jù)語言環(huán)境所表示的關(guān)系推斷生詞詞義。尤其留意劃線詞前后的內(nèi)容。本題第4小題，依據(jù)劃線詞前后的內(nèi)容consistent“一樣的”和evidencethatsunscreensaresafe“防曬霜是平安的證據(jù)”以及劃線句的下句“Importantly,medicaltrialshavefoundthatpeoplewhousesunscreendailyhavethesamelevelsofvitamindasthosewhodon’t,”(重要的是，醫(yī)學試驗發(fā)覺，每天運用防曬霜的人和不運用防曬霜的人體內(nèi)的維生素d含量是一樣的)由此推知，劃線詞的意思是“令人信服的”。故選D。C【答案解析】1.C

2.D

3.B

4.C【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項調(diào)查。經(jīng)探討發(fā)覺：人們在50歲之后通常會變得更歡樂，苦惱也更少。事實上，探討發(fā)覺，到85歲時，人們對生活的滿足度比18歲時更高?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中Histeamfoundthatlevelsofstresswerehighestamongadultsbetweentheagesof22and25.他的探討小組發(fā)覺，壓力水平在22歲至25歲之間的成年人中最高。可知人們壓力最大的時候是22到25歲。故選C項。【2題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中Butexceptforthat,peoplereportedthattheyfelttheirsleepqualityimprovedastheygotolder.但除此之外，人們報告說，隨著年齡的增長，他們感覺自己的睡眠質(zhì)量有所改善?？芍?，讓亞瑟·斯通感到驚異的是當人們老了的時候睡眠質(zhì)量反而提高。而這項探討最初的目的是證明隨著年齡的增長，不斷出現(xiàn)睡眠問題。故選D項?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中Onetheoryisthat,aspeoplegetolder,theybecomemorethankfulforwhattheyhaveandhavebettercontroloftheiremotions.有一種理論認為，隨著年齡的增長，人們會對自己所擁有的東西更加感謝，并能更好地限制自己的心情?？芍?，他們對他們所擁有的更感謝，也就是他們對自己的生活感到很滿足。故選B項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段中Astudyfoundthatpeoplegenerallybecomehappierandexperiencelessworryafterage50.一項探討發(fā)覺，人們在50歲之后通常會變得更歡樂，苦惱也更少。第三段中Stresslevelsdroppedsharplyafterpeoplereachedtheirfifties.人們到了五十多歲后，壓力水平急劇下降?？芍@篇文章主要介紹的是人們在50歲之后會變得更加華蜜，也就是老年人的華蜜感。故選C項。D【答案解析】1.D

2.B

3.C

4.C【分析】本文為說明文。本文就喝剩下的水是否會變壞進行了探討。探討表明沒喝完的水雖然味道有點怪，但只要水質(zhì)是好的，保存恰當不被細菌污染，是不會變壞的。但專家建議不要用塑料杯要用金屬或玻璃制品裝熱水?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，本段講解并描述昨天沒有喝完的水味道有點怪，有人會把它扔掉，是因為認為水壞了，但是真的嗎？結(jié)合下文的內(nèi)容，可知，寫第一段的目的就是引出下文的一個