新視野大學(xué)英語讀寫教程第三冊-Unit-8-Section-A-Legal-and-Moral-Im

TextStudy

IdeaSharing

NotestotheText

WordsandExpressions

Writing

Understanding

Reproduction

StructureAnalysis

SummaryTextStudy—StructureAnalysisI.StructureAnalysisEvent&Responses+Puzzles&Discussion+ReiterationTheWritingModeloftheText:1.Event&ResponsesEventthesuccessofcloninganadultmammalPara.1Response1.PresidentClintonordered…2.LeadersinEuropebegan…Paras.2~3TextStudy—StructureAnalysis2.

Puzzles&DiscussionPuzzle1Whywouldanyonewanttocloneahumanbeinginthefirstplace?Para.4DiscussionMostexpertsconsider…Para.5Puzzle2Willitbepossibletoclonethedead?Para.6DiscussionPerhaps,ifthebodyisfresh,saysoneexpert…Para.7TextStudy—StructureAnalysisPuzzle3Wouldaclonedhumanbeidenticaltotheoriginal?Para.8DiscussionMostofthephysicaldifferencesbetween…Para.10Puzzle4aWhatifparentsdecidedtocloneachildinordertoharvestorgans?Para.11DiscussionMostexpertsagreethat…Para.12Puzzle4bWhatifclonedanimalscouldbeusedasorgandonors?Para.13Discussion…Butthehumanbodyattacksand…Para.13TextStudy—StructureAnalysisPuzzle5HowwouldahumanclonerefertothedonorofitsDNA?Para.14Discussion…JudithMartin,inherwritings…Paras.15~16Puzzle6Whataretheotherimplicationsofcloningforsociety?Para.17Discussion…Specifically,someexpertsareconcernedabout…Para.18TextStudy—StructureAnalysis3.Reiteration(Para.19)Althoughthelistofquestionscouldgoon,peoplejustbegintowonderaboutthefutureoftheworldaftercloning.TextStudy—StructureAnalysisII.UnderstandingAnswerthequestionsfromthetext…TextStudy—UnderstandingTextStudy—UnderstandingPartI.TheNews

(Para.1)QA1.What’sthenews?LanWilmutandhiscolleaguessuccessfullyclonedasheepnamedDolly.TextStudy—UnderstandingPartI.TheNews

(Para.1)QA2.Whatdidthesuccessmean?Aworldwithhumanclones

wassuddenlywithinreach.RelatedNewsTextStudy—UnderstandingPartII.TheResponses

(Paras.2-3)QA3.Whatwastheresponsefromgovernments?Theyhurriedtodraftguidelines.TextStudy—UnderstandingPartII.TheResponses

(Paras.2-3)QA4.WhatwastheresponsefromPresidentClinton?Heorderedtostudythelegalandmoralimplicationofcloning.TextStudy—UnderstandingPartIII.ThePuzzles

(Paras.4-5)QA5.Whatwastheresponsefromscientistsandothers?TheyhadalonglistofdifficultpuzzlesabouttheappearanceofDolly.TextStudy—UnderstandingPartIII.ThePuzzles

(Paras.4-5)QA6.Whywouldanyonewanttocloneahuman

being?Parentswantto____________________________________________.Adultsmightwantto_________________________________.

providetransplantsforadyingchildortoreplacehimvariousreasons

clonethemselvesforRelatedNewsTextStudy—UnderstandingPartIII.ThePuzzles

(Paras.6-7)QAYes,ifthebodyisfresh.7.Willitbepossibletoclonethedead?How?RelatedNewsTextStudy—UnderstandingPartIII.ThePuzzles

(Paras.8-10)QA8.Wouldaclonedhumanbeidentical

totheoriginal?inappearanceYesNoinpersonalitiesTextStudy—Understanding(Paras.8-10)Aidenticalgenes

identicalpeopleWhy?Q8.Wouldaclonedhumanbeidentical

totheoriginal?TextStudy—UnderstandingBecausepersonalityisheavilyinfluencedbylifeexperienceandenvironment.(Paras.8-10)TextStudy—UnderstandingPartIII.ThePuzzles

(Paras.11-13)QA9.Whatifparentsdecidedtoclone

achildinordertoharvestorgans?Fortheclonedchild,it’dbe____________________.Forclonedanimals,it’dbe_____.psychologicallyharmfulOKTextStudy—UnderstandingPartIII.ThePuzzles

(Paras.14-16)QA10.Howshouldahumanclonereferto

thedonorofitsDNA?theoriginalFather?Mother?TextStudy—UnderstandingPartIII.ThePuzzles

(Paras.17-18)QA11.Whataretheotherimplicationsofcloning

forsociety?Whethertheclonedarehumanornotwill___________.causedebateTextStudy—UnderstandingPartIV.summaryandexpectation.(Paras.19)QA12.Isthelistofquestionsfinished?No,itisjustthebeginning…TextStudy—SummaryIII.Summary

Withthesuccessofcloninganadultmammal,aworldwithhumancloneswassuddenly__________.Governmentshurriedto_____________foranunknownfuture.Atthesametime,cloninghasgeneratedalonglistof_____________forscientists,politicians,andphilosophers.Sixpuzzlesorquestionsontheissueofcloningarelisted.Theyareaboutthe_____________implicationsofcloning.Peoplearejustbeginningtowonderaboutthefutureoftheworldaftercloning.withindraftguidelinesdifficultpuzzleslegalandmoralreachTextStudy—ReproductionIV.ReproductionSupposeyouwerethescientistwhoclonedthemammalandwouldpersuadetheboardofabigbiotechcompanytoinvestyourprogramofhumancloning.Explainthenecessityandthepotentialbenefitofcloning.Tips1.Savinglives…2.Hugemarket…AsamplebeginningTextStudy—ReproductionLadiesandgentlemen,beforerevolutionarybreakthroughs,somewillchoosetoseethedarkerside.Theyhesitate;theyretreatandtheyrunaway;here,we,leadersoftheindustrywillchoosetoseethebrighterside,welcomethechanceandembracethechallenge.Somewillchoosetoseedangersandstopbeforeanythingshouldhappen;wehere,willchoosetoseetheopportunitiesandmoveonwardtosavelives…FocusStudy

ActiveExpressions

I.ActiveExpressionsNotestotheText—ActiveExpressions

InEnglish,youmayfindsomeexpressionsformedbyverycommonwords,buttheyareactiveandpowerful.What’sonatthecinematonight?

今晚電影院上演什么？

What’sheupto?

他忙什么呢?e.g.1.Itwassciencefictioncomingtolife.2.Inthewakeofthisannouncement,governmentshurriedtodraftguidelines…3.Whywouldanyonewanttocloneahumanbeinginthefirstplace?4.Infact,twinsaremorealikethancloneswouldbe,…andsoforth.NotestotheText—ActiveExpressions

Findouttheactiveexpressions:NotestotheText—ActiveExpressions

cometolifebealiveorvividinthewakeofhappeningafteraneventorasaresultofitinthefirstplaceatfirst;atthebeginningandsoforthusedattheendofalisttoshowthatyouwouldcontinueinthesamewayActiveExpressionsNotestotheText—ActiveExpressions

1.我一提到去國外旅游，孩子們頓時(shí)顯得興致勃勃。2.

發(fā)生炸彈爆炸事件后，機(jī)場尤其加強(qiáng)了安全防范工作。3.

首先，他做事沒長性。4.他們出售鋼筆、鉛筆、紙張等等。TranslationNotestotheText—ActiveExpressions

1.WhenImentionedourplansforatripabroad,thekidscametolifeatonce.2.Airportsecuritywasparticularlytightinthe

wakeofbombattacks.3.Inthefirstplace,heneverstickstothingslong.4.Theysellpens,pencils,paperandsoforth.MorePracticeKeyNotestotheText—ActiveExpressions

1.日出之后，這個(gè)市鎮(zhèn)變得充斥憤怒。2.汶川地震發(fā)生后，中國旳網(wǎng)站和報(bào)紙紛紛報(bào)導(dǎo)震前動(dòng)物出現(xiàn)旳奇怪反應(yīng)。3.首先,我們應(yīng)該處理這個(gè)問題。4.我們必須學(xué)習(xí)英國歷史、建筑學(xué)等等。MorePractice

NotestotheText—ActiveExpressions

1.Thetowncametolifeaftersunrise.…...2.

InthewakeoftherecentWenchuanearthquake,ChineseWebsitesandnewspapersarefilledwithnewreportsaboutstrangeanimalbehaviorbeforehand.3.

Inthefirstplace,weshouldsolvethisproblem.WehavetostudyEnglishhistory,architecture

andsoforth.KeyWordthatscientistssucceededincloninganadultmammal—anachievementlongthoughtimpossible—caughttheimaginationofeveryone.NotestotheText—FocusStudy

II.FocusStudy①theprincipalclause

Wordcaughttheimaginationofeveryone.②theattributiveclause

thatscientistssucceededincloninganadultmammal

③theappositiveofattributiveclause

anachievement(longthoughtimpossible)NotestotheText—FocusStudy

PracticeCombinethe2sentencesinto1NotestotheText—FocusStudy

ThisisDr.Wang.Dr.Wangisdeanofourcollege.ThisisDr.Wang,deanofourcollege.MorePracticeCombinethe2sentencesinto1NotestotheText—FocusStudy

Billistheheadofthecompany.Billhadtoexplainwhathadhappened．

Bill，theheadofthecompany,hadtoexplainwhathadhappened．

Combinethe2sentencesinto1NotestotheText—FocusStudy

Thenewsdisappointedusallgreatly.Ourbasketballteamhadlostinthechampionship.Thenewsthatourbasketballteamhadlostinthechampionshipdisappointedusallgreatly.Combinethe2sentencesinto1NotestotheText—FocusStudy

Theorderwasreceivedyesterday.Theorderwasweshouldsendmoremedicalassistanttothefront.Theorderwasreceivedyesterdaythatweshouldsendmoremedicalassistanttothefront.EnglishtoChineseWordUsingNewtoOldMatchingGamesWordBuildingimplication

n.

(Title)somethingthatissuggestedWordsandExpressions—WordUsingI.WordUsingIresentyourimplicationthatmyworkisnotsatisfactory.TranslationKey我討厭別人暗示我，說我旳工作做得不好。Hewasjustplainstupidtogiveupthisopportunity.WordsandExpressions—WordUsing他放棄這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)簡直是愚蠢至極。TranslationKey2.plainadv.

①usedtoemphasizeanadj.oradv.WordsandExpressions—WordUsing

我們提倡過簡樸旳生活。TranslationKeyThemeaningofthesentenceisplain.2.plainadj.

②clearlyvisible

③

simpleWeadvocateplainliving.

這句子旳意思十分清楚。WordsandExpressions—WordUsing

我必須坦白和你說。TranslationKeyImustbeplainwithyou.2.plainadj.

④

truthfulandfrank⑤notattractive;notprettyorgood-looking

這孩子相貌平平。Thekidhasaplainface.

WordsandExpressions—WordUsing經(jīng)過五年旳努力工作，他升職在望。TranslationKeyAfterfiveyears’hardwork,promotionseemedwithinhisreach.3.withinone’sreach

insidethedistancethatcanbetouchedWordsandExpressions—WordUsing我以為這種新產(chǎn)品會(huì)為企業(yè)帶來諸多利潤。TranslationKeyIthinkthisnewproductwillgeneratealotofprofitsforthecompany.4.generatevt.

causesomethingtoexist;produceWordsandExpressions—WordUsing價(jià)格降低后，銷售量就上去了。TranslationKeySalesweremountingafterpriceswerelowered.5.mountvi.

increaseinamountordegreeWordsandExpressions—WordUsing地震過后，村子里沒有任何房子是完好無損旳。TranslationKeyAftertheearthquake,nohouseremainedintactinthisvillage.6.intactadj.

completeandnotdamagedWordsandExpressions—WordUsing這些考試和去年旳考試相同。TranslationKeyThetestsareidenticaltothosecarriedoutlastyear.7.beidenticalto/with

exactlythesameasWouldaclonedhumanbeidenticaltotheoriginal?QuestionWordsandExpressions—WordUsing他長得不好看，不像他母親。TranslationKeyHewasnotbeautiful;hedidn’tresemblehismother.8.resemblevt.

lookorbealikeesp.inappearanceWordsandExpressions—WordUsing9.referto①refertosb.as…=call…as…②refer…tosb./sth.=direct…tosb./sth.forhelp③gotosb.orlookatsth.forinformation④mentionortalkaboutsb./sth.=mention+n./clauseWordsandExpressions—WordUsing9.refertoUseit①Whatwillyourefertocloningas?I’llrefertocloningas_________.②T:Completetheexercisewithoutlookingbacktothetext.S:Letmejustreferto_________.③Complaintsareusuallyreferredto________.WordsandExpressions—WordUsing目擊者說是有意縱火。TranslationKeyWitnessessaythatthefirewasdeliberate.10.deliberateadj.

doingsomethingonpurposee.g.Thespeechwasadeliberateattempttoembarrassthegovernment.WordsandExpressions—WordUsingHe’sneverbeenparticularlyconcernedaboutwhatotherpeoplethinkofhim.TranslationKey他從不在乎別人怎么看他。11.beconcernedabout/over

giveone’sattentionto;worryaboutIsthereanythingyouconcernedaboutrecently?What’sit?Question1.Thehumancloningsituationfallsintotwobroadcategories.2.Parentscouldclonea2ndchildwhoresembledtheir1stchild.3.Thedifferencesaresominorthat

detectionofthembecomesveryhard.typeslookedlikediscoveryII.NewtoOldWordsandExpressions—Newtoold4.Theconcernisthedeliberatealteringofgenestocreatehumanbeings.5.TheEuropeansdebatedwhethertheunfamiliarinhabitantswerehuman.planneddiscussed

seriouslyWordsandExpressions—NewtooldimplicationTheTheoryofRelativitygeneticengineeringintheoryguideline含義，暗示/牽連相對論基因工程理論上指導(dǎo)原則，準(zhǔn)則III.EnglishtoChineseWordsandExpressions—EtoCthesplittingoftheatomunderthenameof…personalitycharacteristicsdraft(vt.)becomparableto/with原子分裂以······旳名義個(gè)性草擬/征募,征召可與······相比WordsandExpressions—EtoCgivebirthtosucceedindoinginthewakeoffallintobedividedintobringintotheworldcomingafterachieve(vt.)IV.MatchingGamesWordsandExpressions—MatchingGamesavarietyofbreakapartcomeintolifegetaroundpuzzleoverbealive/vividovercomeallkindsofthinkhardaboutcomeapartWordsandExpressions—MatchingGamestranstranstranstranstransWordsandExpressions—WordBuildingtrans-means“across,intoanotherplaceorstate”.Prefixplantatlanticformportmigratetoputintothegroundforgrowthoforaboutthe

AtlanticOceantogiveshapetotocarrytomovefromoneplacetoanotherV.WordBuildingtoremoveandplantinanotherplacebeyondorcrosstheAtlantictochangetheshapeorformtocarryfromoneplacetoanothertomovefromoneplacetoanother

DebateNoYesIdeaSharing—DebateIshumancloneagoodthing?Watchthreemovieclipsaboutcloning,thendebateonthefollowingtopic.fightfataldiseasessavedyingrelativeshelpinfertilepeoplehavechildrencreategeniusextendhumanlifeenhancecivilizationcreatenewimmunesystems(免疫系統(tǒng))groworgansandtissuesfortransplantsurgery(移植手術(shù))IdeaSharing—DebateTipsdenyhumanrightsreducevarietyofhumangenepoolunsafeabnormalitiesbirthdefectsashorterlifereligiousobjectionspsychologicalharmsdegradethequalityofparentingandfamilylifeIdeaSharing—DebateIdeaSharingDebating1IdeaSharingDebating2IdeaSharingDebating3StructuredWritingPracticalWritingI.StructureWritingWriting—StructuredWriting1.StructureAnalysisListingInanessay,ageneralstatementorquestioncanbeansweredorexplainedby

alistoffacts,reasons,possibilitiesandideas.①AListof

FactsTheperiod1986-1990witnessedgreatchangesinthedietoftheChinesepeople.Theconsumptionofgraindecreasedyearbyyear,whilethatofmilkandmeatshowedasteadyincrease.There’sclearlyamarkedshiftawayfromthetraditionalgrain-baseddiettoonecontainingmorehigh-energyfoodstuffs.2.SamplesParagraphWriting—StructuredWriting①AListof

FactsThethree

changes

are:Grainconsumption_________;Milkandmeatconsumption_________;There’sa_______fromtraditionalgrain-baseddiettofoodstuffscontainingmorehigh-energy.decreasedincreasedshiftWriting—StructuredWriting②

AListof

ReasonsBasketballispopularinmanycountries.Onereasonforthisisthatit’sinexpensive.Aballandahoopareallyouneed.Moreover,it’sexciting.There’salwayslotsofaction.Additionally,it’sahealthfulsportthatbothmenandwomencanplay.Furthermore,it’sbothanindoorandoutdoorgame.Inwarmcountriesthegameisplayedoutdoorsallyear.Incoldcountries,it’sawintergameplayedindoors.inexpensiveexcitinghealthfulsportbothanindoorandoutdoorgameWriting—StructuredWritingEachyear,thelossoflivesandpropertycausedbyfloodstotalshundredsofbillionsofdollarsintheworld.Tosolvetheproblem,manhastopayattentiontotheprotectionofvegetation(植被).Sinceplantscanholdinplacethetopsoilwiththeirrootsandslowtheflowofwater,lesssoilwillbecarriedawayifvegetationiswellprotected.Besides,manmustlaystressonharnessingriversbydeepeningriverbeds,strengtheningriverbanksandchangingrivercourses.③AListof

PossibilitiesWriting—StructuredWritingAlistofdifferentwaystocontrolfloodinclude:protectingvegetationandharnessingriversby_________riverbeds;____________riverbanksand___________rivercourses.deepeningstrengtheningchangingWriting—StructuredWriting③AListof

Possibilities④AListof

Advantagesofhumancloningfightfataldiseasessavedyingrelativeshelpinfertilepeoplehavechildrencreategeniusextendhumanlifeenhancecivilizationcreatenewimmunesystems(免疫系統(tǒng))groworgansandtissuesfortransplantsurgery(移植手術(shù))…Writing—StructuredWriting⑤AListof

Disadvantagesofhumancloningdenyhumanright;reducevarietyofhumanandgenepool;unsafeabnormalitiesbirthdefectsashorterlifereligiousobjectionsreligiousobjectionspsychologicalharmsdegradethequalityofparenting&familylifeWriting—StructuredWriting3.TipsforwritingWriteastrongtopicsentence.Turnitintoaquestionandansweritbylistingfacts,ideas,reasons,possibilitieswithproperlinkwords.Makealogicalconclusion.Writing—StructuredWriting4.YourTaskWrite