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翻譯三級筆譯實務(wù)分類模擬真題四SectionⅠEnglishChineseTranslation1.

Bothsocieties,moreover,havedevelopedtothe(江南博哥)highestlevelstheartsofbusinessandcommerce,ofbuyingandselling,andofadvertisingandmassproducing.FewsightsaremorereassuringtoAmericansthatthetensofthousandsofbustlingstoresseeninJapan,especiallythebeautiful,well-stockeddepartmentstores.ToAmericaneyes,theyseemjustlikeMacy'sorNeimanMarcusathome.Inaddition,bothJapanandAmericaareconsumersocieties.Thepeopleofbothcountrieslovetoshopandareenthusiasticconsumersofconvenienceproductsandfastfoods.VendingmachinessellingeverythingfromfreshflowerstohotcoffeeareaspopularinJapanastheyareinAmerica,andfast-foodnoodleshopsareascommoninJapanasMcDonald'srestaurantsareinAmerica.正確答案:商業(yè)、買賣、廣告及批量生產(chǎn)等方面的藝術(shù)在兩種社會中都發(fā)展到了很高的水平。對美國人來說,在日本到處可見的成千上萬家顧客盈門的商店,特別是那些漂亮和商品陳列得琳瑯滿目的百貨公司對美國人來說,很少再有其他地方比此更令人放心的了。在美國人的眼里,它們似乎就像美國國內(nèi)的Macy's或NeimanMarcus一樣。此外,日本和美國均為消費者社會,兩國的人民都酷愛購物,他們都是便利商品和快餐的熱情消費者。和在美國一樣,在日本銷售鮮花到熱咖啡等幾乎所有商品的售貨機相當普及;在日本快餐面店就像美國的McDonald's(麥當勞快餐店)一樣普及。

SectionⅡChinese-EnglishTranslation1.

我們公司的目標是滿足和超過行業(yè)的要求和用戶的期望。正確答案:Ourcompany'sgoal/objectiveistomeetandevenexceedindustryrequirementsandcustomerexpectations.

翻譯三級筆譯實務(wù)分類模擬題74SectionⅠEnglishChineseTranslation1.

Thereisarangeofactivitieswhichrequiremovementsofaboutonetofourorfivemiles.Thesemightbeleisureactivities,suchasmovingfromhometoswimmingpool,tennisclub,thetheaterorotherculturalcenters,ortoasecondaryormoreadvancedschool,ortheymightbemovementsassociatedwithworkandshoppinginthecentralareasofcities.Theuseofcarscapableofcarryingfivepeopleat80mphforsatisfyingtheseneedsiswastefulofspaceandmostproductiveofdisturbancetootherroadusers.正確答案:有一系列的活動需要大約1至4、5英里的運動。這些運動可能是些休閑活動,比如從家到游泳池、網(wǎng)球俱樂部、劇院或其他的文化中心,或者是要去一家中學或大學,或者可能與去市中心工作和購物活動有關(guān)。開一輛時速80英里、能載5人的汽車去滿足這些需要是對空間的浪費,而且會給其他的行車者帶來不少麻煩。

SectionⅡChinese-EnglishTranslation1.

百分之三十的受訪者認為不吃早飯可以達到減輕體重的目的,但其實不吃早飯的后果往往是新陳代謝降低,身體愈發(fā)肥胖。正確答案:Morethan/Over30%ofthepeoplesurveyed/ofthesubjectsbelievethatbyskippingbreakfasttheycanlose/reduceweight;buttheskipping/itonlyslowsdownmetabolismandmakesthemfatter(onlycontributestolowermetabolismandobesity).

翻譯三級筆譯實務(wù)分類模擬題75SectionⅠEnglishChineseTranslationManyschoolsarguethatthe"sticker"pricesshowintheU.S.Newsindexaremisleading.Sincemoststudents,notjustthosewhomightbedescribedastruly"needy",usuallyareeligibleforsomeformoffinancialaid.

1

Infact,tuitiondiscountinghasbecomesowidespreadthatonmanycampuseswhatbeganasasubsidyfortheminorityhasturnedintoanentitlementforthemajority.Someschoolsactuallyencouragestudentstobargainforlargeraidpackagesbyimplicitly—orexplicitly-promising"tomeetthecompetition".

2

Naturally,thesomething-for-nothinggenerosityofthisstrangesystemcomesataprice,asincreasesinfinancialaidusuallyhavetobefundedbyraisingalreadyhightuitionhigherstill.

3

Unhappily,collegeloanshavebecomeasmuchapartofstudentlifeasFridaynightbeerbusts.Between1990and1995,the$103billioncombinedwiththetotalofundergraduateloansexceededthesumofallthedebtincurredbyallthecollegestudentsduringtheprecedingthreedecades.

4

StatisticslikethesetroubleCharlesManning,chancelloroftheWestVirginiaUniversitySystem,whoworriesthathighlevelsofdebtcould"windupnegativelyinfluencingstudents'lifestyles,theirchoicesofcareers,theirwillingnesstogotograduateandprofessionalschoolsandtheirabilitytobuyhomes,carsandotherconsumerproducts."

Ofevengreaterconcernisthatmanyofthesedebtorsmayalsowindup,atleasttemporarily,injobsthatdonotofferwhathavecometobethoughtofascollege-levelsalaries.Thedisturbingtruthisthattherearesimplytoomanycollegegraduatescompetingfortoofewcollege-leveljobs.Inherlateststudy,KristinaJ.Shelley,aBureauofLaborStatisticsspecialistinthepost-college-employmentmarket,estimatesthatatleast22percentofallcollegegraduatesenteringtheworkforcebetween1994and2005wereorwillbeeitherunemployedorinjobsforwhichabachelor'sdegreeisnotordinarilyconsideredanecessity.

5

Workingwithsomebigcompaniesisanhonorablefirstjob,butthesalariestheyofferrarelyenablegraduatesbothtorepayastudentloanandtoenjoyalifestyleappropriatewiththeirexpectations.1.

正確答案:事實上,削減學費變得如此之流行,以至于在許多大學里,那些最初屬于少數(shù)人的補貼已經(jīng)成為多數(shù)人的權(quán)利了。

2.

正確答案:很自然,這種奇怪的制度要為它只是給予而不求回報的慷慨行為付出代價,因為經(jīng)濟資助的增加通常不得不靠大幅度地提高本已高昂的學費來提供資金。

3.

正確答案:不幸的是,大學貸款已經(jīng)像星期五晚上痛飲啤酒一樣成為學生生活的一部分。

4.

正確答案:諸如此類的統(tǒng)計資料使西弗吉尼亞大學校長查爾斯·曼寧感到憂慮。他擔心,沉重的債務(wù)“最終可能對學生的許多方面產(chǎn)生負面影響,如:他們的生活方式,對職業(yè)的選擇,上研究生院和職業(yè)學校的意愿以及購買房屋、汽車和其他消費品的能力”。

5.

正確答案:在一些大公司工作是體面的第一份工作,但它們所支付的工資不可能使大學畢業(yè)生們既能償還學生貸款又能享受一種與其期望值相稱的生活方式。

SectionⅡChinese-EnglishTranslation1.

將來農(nóng)民可使用農(nóng)業(yè)無人機收集的信息,以便將化肥僅施在確實需要化肥的地方,這就能省錢并減少污染。正確答案:Inthefuturefarmerscanuseinformationgatheredbyagriculturaldronestouse/applyfertilizeronlyinareaswhereitisneeded.Thissavesmoneyandreducespollution.

翻譯三級筆譯實務(wù)分類模擬題76SectionⅠEnglishChineseTranslation

1

Theincreaseininternationalbusinessandinforeigninvestmenthascreatedaneedforexecutiveswithknowledgeofforeignlanguagesandskillsincross-culturalcommunication.Americans,however,havenotbeenwelltrainedineitherareaand,consequently,havenotenjoyedthesamelevelofsuccessinnegotiationinallinternationalarenaashavetheirforeigncounterparts.

Negotiatingistheprocessofcommunicatingbackandforthforthepurposeofreachinganagreement.

2

Itinvolvespersuasionandcompromise,butinordertoparticipateineitherone,thenegotiatorsmustunderstandthewaysinwhichpeoplearepersuadedandhowcompromiseisreachedwithinthecultureofthenegotiation.

Inmanyinternationalbusinessnegotiationsabroad,Americansareperceivedaswealthyandimpersonal.

3

ItoftenappearstotheforeignnegotiatorthattheAmericanrepresentsalargemultimillion-dollarcorporationthatcanaffordtopaythepricewithoutbargainingfurther.TheAmericannegotiator'srolebecomesthatofanimpersonalsurveyorofinformationandcash.

InstudiesofAmericannegotiatorsabroad,severaltraitshavebeenidentifiedthatmayservetoconfirmthisstereotypicalperception,whileunderminingthenegotiator'sposition.

4

Twotraitsinparticularthatcausecross-culturalmisunderstandingaredirectnessandimpatienceonthepartoftheAmericannegotiator.Furthermore,Americannegotiatorsofteninsistonrealizingshort-termbenefits.Foreignnegotiators,ontheotherhand,mayvaluetherelationshipestablishedbetweennegotiatorsandmaybewillingtoinvesttimeinitforlong-termbenefits.

5

Inordertosolidifytherelationship,theymayoptforindirectinteractionswithoutregardforthetimeinvolvedingettingtoknowtheothernegotiator.

Clearly,perceptionsanddifferencesinvaluesaffecttheoutcomesofnegotiationsandthesuccessfornegotiators.ForAmericanstoplayamoreeffectiveroleininternationalbusinessnegotiations,theymustputforthmoreefforttoimprovecross-culturalunderstanding.1.

正確答案:國際貿(mào)易和海外投資的增加產(chǎn)生了對具有外語知識和跨文化交流技巧的經(jīng)理人員的需求。

2.

正確答案:談判包括說服和妥協(xié)。但是為了進行說服和妥協(xié),談判者必須懂得在談判的文化中怎樣說服別人和怎樣達成妥協(xié)。

3.

正確答案:在外國談判者看來,似乎美國人代表著一個龐大的擁有數(shù)百萬資財?shù)拇笃髽I(yè),不用進一步地討價還價就能出得起價錢。美國談判者的角色變成了一個沒有個人感情的信息及現(xiàn)金的供應(yīng)者。

4.

正確答案:尤其引起跨文化誤解的兩個特點是美國談判者的直截了當和缺乏耐心。

5.

正確答案:為了鞏固這種關(guān)系,他們會選擇非直接的交流而不計較投入用于了解談判對方的時間。

SectionⅡChinese-EnglishTranslation1.

除了當今的社會變化之外,信息量劇增也是一個問題。現(xiàn)在個人可獲得的信息比任何一代人都多,然而,找到一條與他或她的特定問題相關(guān)的信息是很復(fù)雜、很耗時的,有時甚至很困難。伴隨著信息量的大量增加,各種技術(shù)發(fā)展開來。這些技術(shù)的發(fā)展使人們可以更快地儲存更多的信息,并傳遞到更多的地方去,這在以前是不可能的。正確答案:Addingtosocietalchangestodayisanenormousstockpileofinformation.Theindividualnowhasmoreinformationavailablethananygeneration,andthetaskoffindingthatonepieceofinformationrelevanttohisorherspecificproblemiscomplicated,time-consumingandsometimesevenoverwhelming.Coupledwiththegrowingquantityofinformationisthedevelopmentoftechnologieswhichenablethestorageanddeliveryofmoreinformationwithgreaterspeedtomorelocationsthanhaseverbeenpossiblebefore.

翻譯三級筆譯實務(wù)分類模擬題77SectionⅠEnglishChineseTranslation1.

AgricultureisamajorindustryintheUnitedStates,whichisanetexporteroffood.正確答案:農(nóng)業(yè)是美國的重要產(chǎn)業(yè),因為美國是一個糧食凈出口國。

SectionⅡChinese-EnglishTranslation1.

信息產(chǎn)業(yè)

當前,中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展勢頭很好,實行的宏觀調(diào)控已經(jīng)取得明顯成效。中國經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展正處在重要戰(zhàn)略機遇期,中國政府提出要堅持以信息化帶動工業(yè)化,以工業(yè)化促進信息化,走以科技為先導(dǎo)的新型工業(yè)化發(fā)展道路。信息產(chǎn)業(yè)是國民經(jīng)濟的基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè)、支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)、先導(dǎo)產(chǎn)業(yè)和戰(zhàn)略產(chǎn)業(yè),其發(fā)展水平已成為衡量一個國家現(xiàn)代化水平與綜合國力的重要標志,在中國全面建設(shè)小康社會和現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)中起著舉足輕重的作用。

近年來,中國信息產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展很快,電子信息產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)濟規(guī)模躍居世界第三位。電子信息產(chǎn)業(yè)銷售收入去年達到1.88億元,電子產(chǎn)品出口額已接近全國外貿(mào)出口總額的三分之一。

軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)是信息產(chǎn)業(yè)的核心,大力發(fā)展軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)具有十分重要的意義。首先,軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)已成為國際競爭與合作的重點。軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)對世界各國經(jīng)濟的持續(xù)高速發(fā)展起到了重要的支撐作用,已經(jīng)成為國民經(jīng)濟新的增長點,軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展將深刻地影響全球經(jīng)濟與社會的發(fā)展。軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)的落后必將導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟、科技、軍事的全面落后。因此,世界各發(fā)達國家與許多發(fā)展中國家都把軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)作為其優(yōu)先發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略性產(chǎn)業(yè)。中國要在綜合國力方面具有更大的競爭力,必須大力發(fā)展軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)。正確答案:TheInformationIndustry

AtpresentChinaiskeepingagoodmomentuminitseconomicdevelopmentandthemacroeconomiccontrol/macro-regulationitexerciseshasyielded/producedremarkable/notableeffects/results.Findingitselfinanimportantperiodofstrategicopportunitiesforthedevelopmentofeconomyandsociety,theChinesegovernmentmakesitcleartodriveindustrializationthroughinformatization,promoteinformatizationthroughindustrializationandtakeanewdevelopmentroadtoindustrializationledbyscienceandtechnology(Thegovernmentproposesinformation-drivenindustrializationandindustrialization-basedinformationizationaswellasanewpathofscience-ledindustrialization).Theinformationindustryisthebasicindustry,pillarindustry,forerunnerindustryandstrategicindustryofthenationaleconomy.Itsdevelopmentlevelhasbecomeanimportantindicatormeasuringacountry'smodernizationdegreeandcomprehensive/overallnationalstrength,playingapivotalroleintheall-roundbuildingofawell-offsocietyandmodernizationconstructionofChina.

Over/In/Duringrecentyears,China'sinformationindustryhasbeendevelopingrapidly,andtheelectronicandinformationindustryofChinahasalreadyleapedtotheworld'sthirdplacebyeconomicscale.Lastyear,salesrevenueoftheelectronicandinformationindustryreached188millionyuanandtheexportvolumeofelectronicproductshasapproachedonethirdofthecountry'stotal.(Lastyeartheelectronicandinformationindustryregistered/recordedatotalsalesincomeof188millionyuan,theexportvalueofelectronicproductsnearedonethirdofthecountry'stotal.)

Thesoftwareindustryisthecoreoftheinformationindustryanditsforcefuldevelopmentbearsgreatsignificance.(Attheheartoftheinformationindustryissoftwareproduction,whosevigorous/dynamicdevelopmentisthereforeofgreatimportance.)First,thesoftwareindustryhasbecomethefocusofinternationalcompetitionandcooperation.Thesoftwareindustryunderpinsthesustainableandspeedyeconomicdevelopmentofvariouscountries(intheworld)andhasturnedouttobeanewgrowthpointoftheirnationaleconomy.Thedevelopmentofthesoftwareindustrywillimposefar-reachingimpact(exertadeep/profoundinfluence)onthedevelopmentofglobaleconomyandsociety.Abackwardsoftwareindustryisboundtoleadtobackwardeconomy,scienceandtechnologyandmilitarystrengthacrosstheboard.Therefore,allthedevelopednationsandmanydevelopingcountrieshaveidentifiedthesoftwareindustryasaprioritizedstrategicindustry.Chinahastoenergeticallyadvanceitssoftwareindustrytoobtaingreatercompetitivenessinitscomprehensivenationalstrength.

翻譯三級筆譯實務(wù)分類模擬題78SectionⅠEnglishChineseTranslationThestandardizededucationalorpsychologicalteststhatarewidelyusedtoaidinselecting,classifying,assigning,orpromotingstudents,employees,andmilitarypersonnelhavebeenthetargetofrecentattacksonbooks,magazines,thedailypress,andeveninCongress.

1

Thetargetiswrong,forinattackingthetests,criticsdivertattentionfromthefaultthatlieswithill-informedorincompetentusers.Theteststhemselvesaremerelytools,withcharacteristicsthatcanbemeasuredwithreasonableprecisionunderspecifiedconditions.Whethertheresultswillbevaluable,meaningless,orevenmisleadingdependspartlyuponthetoolitselfbutlargelyupontheuser.

Allinformedpredictionsoffutureperformancearebaseduponsomeknowledgeofrelevantpastperformance:schoolgrades,researchproductivity,salesrecords,orwhateverisappropriate.

2

Howwellthepredictionswillbevalidatedbylaterperformancedependsupontheamount,reliability,andappropriatenessoftheinformationusedandontheskillandwisdomwithwhichitisinterpreted.Anyonewhokeepscarefulscoreknowsthattheinformationavailableisalwaysincompleteandthatthepredictionsarealwayssubjecttoerror.

Standardizedtestsshouldbeconsideredinthiscontext.Theyprovideaquick,objectivemethodofgettingsomekindsofinformationaboutwhatapersonlearned,theskillshehasdeveloped,orthekindofpersonheis.Theinformationsoobtainedhas,qualitatively,thesameadvantagesandshortcomingsasotherkindsofinformation.

3

Whethertousetests,otherkindsofinformation,orbothinaparticularsituationdepends,therefore,upontheevidencefromexperienceconcerningcomparativevalidityanduponsuchfactorsascostandavailability.

4

Ingeneral,thetestsworkmosteffectivelywhenthequalitiestobemeasuredcanbemostpreciselydefinedandleasteffectivelywhenwhatistobemeasuredorpredictedcannotbewelldefined.Properlyused,theyprovidearapidmeansofgettingcomparableinformationaboutmanypeople.Sometimestheyidentifystudentswhosehighpotentialhasnotbeenpreviouslyrecognized,buttherearemanythingstheydonotdo.

5

Forexample,theydonotcompensateforgrosssocialinequality,andthusdonottellhowableanunderprivilegedyoungstermighthavebeenhadhegrownupundermorefavorablecircumstances.1.

正確答案:把標準化測試作為抨擊的目標是錯誤的,因為在抨擊這類測試時,批評者沒有注意到測試的弊病在于使用測試的人對測試不甚了解或使用不當。

2.

正確答案:這些測試在多大程度上為后來的表現(xiàn)所證實,這取決于所采用信息的數(shù)量、可靠性和適用性,以及解釋這些信息的技能和才智。

3.

正確答案:因此,在某一特定情況下,究竟是采用測試還是其他種類的信息,或是兩者兼用,需憑有關(guān)相對效度的經(jīng)驗依據(jù)而定,也取決于諸如費用和實用性等因素。

4.

正確答案:一般來說,當所要測定的特征能很精確地界定時,測試最為有效;而當所要測定或預(yù)測的東西不能明確地界定時,測試的效果則最差。

5.

正確答案:例如,測試并不彌補明顯的社會不公,因此它們不能說明一個物質(zhì)條件差的年輕人,如果在較好的環(huán)境下成長的話,會有多大才干。

SectionⅡChinese-EnglishTranslation1.

上周英國心理學家報道,英語中有句諺語說,誠實才是上策。不幸的是,當沒有人監(jiān)督時,誠實常常離開我們。

英國紐卡斯爾大學的研究者在他們的心理學系的咖啡室做了一項試驗。他們在柜臺上設(shè)置了一把壺,放置了茶葉,咖啡和牛奶同時在各種飲料上面標明了價格。只要在盒子旁邊放上幾美分,客人就可以自己動手做一杯飲料??茖W家在裝錢的盒子上方貼了一個海報,這張海報要么是一張比較形象的監(jiān)視的眼睛要么就是花。研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)當張貼畫有眼睛的海報時,人們?yōu)樽约旱娘嬃细顿M要多出2.76倍。其中的一位研究者吉爾伯特·羅伯特說:“坦白地說我們對此很震驚?!?/p>

眼睛是人類最有力的感官信號。一位行為生物行為學家和該項研究的學者——梅麗撒·巴特森說:“即使海報上的眼睛畫像不是真的,但它們還是似乎能使人們表現(xiàn)得更誠實。”

研究者認為此效果就是使我們進化的過去清楚地顯示出來。它可能起始于早期人類形成社會群體以增強他們生存機會時發(fā)展出來的行為特點。對于一個社會群體的工作,個人必須合作,而不是自私地行事。班納森說:“現(xiàn)在有一種觀點就是如果沒有人監(jiān)視我們,我就會為了自己的利益而自私地行事,但是當我們被監(jiān)視的時候,我們做的會更好。所以人們覺得我們是可以合作的,他們也會以同樣的合作方式對待我們?!?/p>

這項新的發(fā)現(xiàn)表明人們對眼睛有很強的反應(yīng)。這可能是因為眼睛和臉可以給我們很強的我們已經(jīng)進化到可以對之產(chǎn)生反應(yīng)的生理信號。這項發(fā)現(xiàn)也可以用于實踐。例如,形象的眼睛可以在公共交通中提高售票率,提高監(jiān)督系統(tǒng)阻止不符合社會規(guī)則的行為。正確答案:Honestyisthebestpolicy,astheEnglishsayinggoes.Unfortunately,honestyoftendesertsuswhennooneiswatching.Britishpsychologistsreportedlastweek.

ResearchersatUK'sNewcastleUniversitysetupanexperimentintheirpsychologydepartment'scoffeeroom.Theysetakettle,withtea,coffeeandmilkonthecounterandhungupasignlistingthepricesfordrinks.Peoplehelpingthemselvestoacupofdrinkweresupposedtoputafewcentsintheboxnearby.Thescientistshungaposterabovethemoneybox,anditchangedeachweekbetweenimagesofgazingeyesandpicturesofflowers.Theresearchersfoundthatstaffpaid2.76timesmolefortheirdrinkswhentheimageoftheeyeswashung."Franklywewereshockedbythesizeoftheeffect."saidGilbertRoberts,oneoftheresearchers.

Eyesareknowntobeapowerfulperceptual(感官的)signalforhumans."Eventhoughtheeyeswerenotreal,theystillseemedtomakepeoplebehavemorehonestly."saidMelissaBateson,abehavioralbiologistandleaderofthestudy.

Researchersbelievetheeffectshedslightonourevolutionarypast.Itmayarisefrombehavioralfeaturesthatdevelopedwhenearlyhumansformedsocialgroupstostrengthentheirchancesofsurvival.Forsocialgroupstowork,individualshadtocooperate,ratherthanactselfishly."There'sanargumentthatifnobodyiswatchingus,itisinourintereststobehaveselfishly.Butwhenwe'rebeingwatchedweshouldbehavebetter.Sopeopleseeusasco-operativeandbehavethesamewaytowardsus."Batesonsaid.

Thenewfindingindicatesthatpeoplehaveastrikingresponsetoeyes.Thatmightbebecauseeyesandfacessendastrongbiologicalsignalwehaveevolvedtorespondto.Thefindingcouldbeputtopracticaluse,too.Forexample,imagesofeyescouldincreaseticketsalesonpublictransportandimprovesupervisionsystemstopreventantisocialbehavior.

翻譯三級筆譯實務(wù)分類模擬題79SectionⅠEnglishChineseTranslation1.

Paidandownedmediaarecontrolledbymarketerspromotingtheirownproducts.Forearnedmedia,suchmarketersactastheinitiatorforusers'responses.Butinsomecases,onemarketer'sownedmediabecomeanothermarketer'spaidmedia--forinstance,whenane-commerceretailersellsadspaceonitsWebsite.Wedefinesuchsoldmediaasownedmediawhosetrafficissostrongthatotherorganizationsplacetheircontentore-commerceengineswithinthatenvironment.Thistrend,whichwebelieveisstillinitsinfancy,effectivelybeganwithretailersandtravelproviderssuchasairlinesandhotelsandwillnodoubtgofurther.Johnson&Johnson,forexample,hascreatedBabyCenter,astand-alonemediapropertythatpromotescomplementaryandevencompetitiveproducts.Besidesgeneratingincome,thepresenceofothermarketersmakesthesiteseemobjective,givescompaniesopportunitiestolearnvaluableinformationabouttheappealofothercompanies'marketing,andmayhelpexpandusertrafficforallcompaniesconcerned.正確答案:市場營銷人員通過付費和自有媒體促銷他們的產(chǎn)品。對“免費”媒介來說,市場營銷人員扮演著用戶反應(yīng)的發(fā)起者。但是,在某些情況下,某營銷人員的自有媒體會成為另一名營銷人員的付費媒體,如某電子商務(wù)零售商出售其網(wǎng)站的廣告空間。我們定義此種“出售”形式為自有媒體,這種媒體流量巨大,所以,其他機構(gòu)紛紛前來投放廣告或開通電子商務(wù)引擎。我們認為,這種趨勢雖然還處于起步階段,但在零售業(yè)和航空、酒店等旅游供應(yīng)業(yè)已快速發(fā)展,無疑可以有更大的發(fā)展。如強生公司創(chuàng)建了著名網(wǎng)站BabyCenter,此獨立媒體不僅推廣互補性產(chǎn)品,甚至還促銷競爭性產(chǎn)品。此舉不僅帶來了創(chuàng)收,其他營銷人員的出現(xiàn)還令網(wǎng)站看起來很客觀,使企業(yè)有機會從其他公司的營銷活動中獲得寶貴的信息,并且還有助于擴大所有相關(guān)企業(yè)的用戶流量。

SectionⅡChinese-EnglishTranslation1.

不少公司已經(jīng)破產(chǎn),更多的公司在競爭更加激烈的市場環(huán)境中為了生存苦苦掙扎。正確答案:Many(Alargenumberof)companieshavegonebankrupt/arebustedwhilemorearestrugglingforsurvivalinanevermorecompetitivemarket.

翻譯三級筆譯實務(wù)分類模擬題80SectionⅠEnglishChineseTranslation1.

Withlittleornovisualfeedbacktoreinforcethementalmap,avisuallyimpairedpersonmustrelyonmemoryforkeylandmarksandotherclues.正確答案:視覺障礙者由于沒有或缺乏視覺反饋來強化大腦中的方位圖,因此不得不依靠對重要地標及其他線索的記憶。

SectionⅡChinese-EnglishTranslation1.

1980年人口普查表明,隨著東北部和中西部人口增長近乎停止,地區(qū)間的競爭越來越激烈了。

這一發(fā)展趨勢及其對今后美國在制定政策和經(jīng)濟方面的重大影響使得南方首次成了美國人口普查史上人口最密集的地區(qū)。

20世紀70年代,美國人口總共增加了2320萬——從數(shù)字上看,這是有記錄以來十年期人口增長的第三高峰。即使這樣,人口總數(shù)也只增加了11.4%。除了大蕭條時期,這是美國最低的年增長率。

自從第二次世界大戰(zhàn)以來,美國人口一直大量向南方和西部地區(qū)遷移,至今,這一趨勢仍然盛行。

在佛羅里達、德克薩斯和加利福尼亞這三個陽光充沛的州,1980年的人口差不多比十年前增加了將近1000萬。在大城市排行榜上,圣地亞哥從第14位上升到第8位,圣安東尼奧從第15位上升到第10位,而克利夫蘭和華盛頓特區(qū)卻被排擠出前十名。

人口普查官員說,并不是所有這些遷移都是為了離開寒帶,綿延不斷的移民潮還有當年“生育高峰”時期出生的孩子已經(jīng)到了生育年齡,這些因素都在起著作用。

此外,人口統(tǒng)計學家發(fā)現(xiàn),向南部和西部的不斷遷移還伴隨著一種與此相關(guān)卻又與以往不同的現(xiàn)象:越來越多的美國人顯然不再只是尋找有更多就業(yè)機會的地方,他們還在尋找人口稀少的地方。請看下面的例證:

從區(qū)域上看,落基山脈附近各州的人口增長率最高——有報告說,居住在這片廣袤地帶的人口僅占美國總?cè)丝诘?%,但自1970年開始,其增長率卻上升到37.1%。

從各州情況看,內(nèi)華達州和亞利桑那州是增長率最高的兩個州,分別為63.5%和53.1%。除了佛羅里達州和德克薩斯州外,處于增長率前十位的是西部各州,共有750萬人口——每平方英里大約9個人。

逃離人口稠密地區(qū)的做法改變了過去一味要離開寒帶地區(qū)到氣候暖和地方去的趨勢。

1980年人口普查的統(tǒng)計數(shù)字最充分地描繪出美國人遷往最西部是為了找到更廣闊的生存空間。這樣一來,70年代加利福尼亞州人口增長最快,增加了370萬。

70年代也有大批的人離開加利福尼亞州,但是,多數(shù)人的目的地是西部的其他地方。他們當時——現(xiàn)在也是如此——要去的地方是氣候比較寒冷的俄勒岡、愛達荷和阿拉斯加等地,為的是躲開這個被稱為黃金州的煙霧、犯罪以及其他都市化帶來的災(zāi)難。

結(jié)果,70年代加利福尼亞州的人口增長率降到了18.5%。這個數(shù)字比60年代增長率的三分之二略高,但明顯低于其他西部各州。正確答案:Emergingfromthe1980censusisthepictureofanationdevelopingmoreandmoreregionalcompetition,aspopulationgrowthintheNortheastandMidwestreachesanearstandstill.

Thisdevelopment—anditsstrongimplicationsforU.S.politicsandeconomyinyearsahead—hasenthronedtheSouthasAmerica'smostdenselypopulatedregionforthefirsttimeinthehistoryofthenation'sheadcounting.

Altogether,theU.S.populationroseinthe1970sby23.2millionpeople—numericallythethirdlargestgrowtheverrecordedinasingledecade.Evenso,thatgainaddsuptoonly11.4percent,lowestinAmericanannualrecordsexceptfortheDepressionyears.

AmericanshavebeenmigratingsouthandwestinlargernumbersinceWorldWarⅡ,andthepatternstillprevails.

Threesunbeltstates—Florida,TexasandCalifornia—togetherhadnearly10millionmorepeoplein1980thanadecadeearlier.Amonglargecities,SanDiegomovedfrom14thto8thandSanAntoniofrom15thto10th—withClevelandandWashington.DC,droppingoutofthetop10.

Notallthatshiftcanbeattributedtothemovementoutofthesnowbelt,censusofficialssay,Nonstopwavesofimmigrantsplayedarole,too—andsodidbiggercropsofbabiesasyesterday's"babyboom"generationreacheditschildbearingyears.

Moreover,demographersseethecontinuingshiftsouthandwestasjoinedbyarelatedbutnewerphenomenon:Moreandmore,Americansapparentlyarelookingnotjustforplaceswithmorejobsbutwithfewerpeople,too.Someinstances—

●Regionally,theRockyMountainstatesreportedthemostrapidgrowthrate,37.1percentsince1970inavastareawithonly5percentoftheU.S.population.

●Amongstates,NevadaandArizonagrewfastestofall:63.5and53.1percentrespectively.ExceptfroFloridaandTexas,thetop10inrateofgrowthiscomposedofWesternstateswith7.5millionpeople—about9persquaremile.

Theflightfromovercrowdednessaffectsthemigrationfromsnowbelttomore-bearableclimates.

Nowheredo1980censusstatisticsdramatizemoretheAmericansearchforspaciouslivingthanintheFarWest.There,Californiaadded3.7milliontoitspopulationinthe1970s,morethananyotherstate.

Inthatdecade,however,largenumbersalsomigratedfromCalifornia,mostlytootherpartsoftheWest.Oftentheychose—andstillarechoosing—somewhatcolderclimatessuchasOregon,IdahoandAlaskainordertoescapesmog,crimeandotherplaguesofurbanizationintheGoldenState.

Asaresult,California'sgrowthratedroppedduringthe1970s,to18.5percent—littlemorethantwothirdsthe1960sgrowthfigureandconsiderablybelowthatofotherWesternstates.

翻譯三級筆譯實務(wù)分類模擬題81SectionⅠEnglishChineseTranslation

1

Withitscommoninterestinlawbreakingbutitsimmenserangeofsubject-matterandwidelyvaryingmethodsoftreatment,thecrimenovelcouldmakealegitimateclaimtoberegardedasaseparatebranchofliterature,oratleast,asadistinct,eventhoughaslightlydisreputable,offshootofthetraditionalnovel.

Thedetectivestoryisprobablythemostrespectable(atanyrateinthenarrowsenseoftheword)ofthecrimespecies.ItscreationisoftentherelaxationofUniversitydons,literaryeconomist,scientistsorevenpoets.

2

Fatalitiesmayoccurmorefrequentlyandmysteriouslythanmightbeexpectedinpolitesociety,buttheworldinwhichtheyhappen,thevillage,seasideresort,collegeorst

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