浙江省溫州市環(huán)大羅山聯(lián)盟2024-2025學年高二上學期期中考試英語試題 含解析

2024學年第一學期溫州環(huán)大羅山聯(lián)盟期中聯(lián)考高二年級英語學科試題考生須知：1.本卷共10頁滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.答題前，在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫班級、姓名、考場號、座位號及準考證號并填涂相應(yīng)數(shù)字。3.所有答案必須寫在答題紙上，寫在試卷上無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，只需上交答題紙。選擇題部分（共95分）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthewomantakewithher?A.Asportsbag. B.Asuitcase. C.Abackpack.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Haveyoufinishedpacking?W:No,mysuitcasebrokesoIneedsomethingnewtoputinmythings.I’llgetoneofthosebigsportsbagsasqualitybackpacksareexpensive.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whydidthemancalloffhistrip?A.Theweatherwasbad. B.Hewasn’tinterestedinit. C.Therewasanurgentsituation.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:IcanceledmytriptoNewYork.W:Wasitduetoweatherconditions?M:No,therewasafamilyemergency.Youknow,sometimesthingshappeninanunexpectedway.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthewomando?A.Collectsomeplants. B.Gotoworkinthelab. C.Deliversomematerials.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Haveyousenttheplantmaterialsyoucollectedyesterdaytothelaboratory?W:Notyet.M:Whendoyouplantosendthem?W:I’llgetitdoneinthenexthalfhour.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisgrandmother’smovingin?A.Appreciative. B.Surprised. C.Anxious.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Doesyourhouseseememptynowafteryoursisterleftforcollege?M:Notreally.Mygrandmother’smovedintoherroom.It’sreallynicehavinghertherebecauseshecookssupperformeifmymomanddadgooutfortheevening.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whereisthewoman’sbooknow?A.Onabed. B.Onadesk. C.Inachest.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme.IleftmybookonthebedwhenIcheckedoutjustnow.Haveyouseenit?M:Oh,yes.Thehousekeepersawitandgaveittothemanagerwhoputitwiththeotherlostproperty.Hekeepsitallinthewoodenchestbehindhisdesk.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatistheman’sprimaryconcernabouttheinvestment?A.Theprofit. B.Thesafety. C.Theflexibility.7.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Showthemanawebsite. B.Givethemanauserguide. C.Openanaccountfortheman.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:Soifyou’reafteralow-riskinvestment,I’dsaygoforthissavingsaccount.It’sanextremelyreliableproduct.M:Whatdoyoumeanbyreliable?W:Well,youearnafixed3%ayear.M:CanIclosetheaccountwheneverIwant?W:Yes,youcan.M:AndcanIchecktheaccountonline?W:Ofcourse.Andit’saveryuser-friendlysite.Ifyouhaveamoment,Icandemonstratetoyouhoweasyitis.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Wherearethespeakers?A.Intheman’shouse. B.Onaplane. C.Atanairport.9.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Usethefastcheck-inservice.B.Takethebluesuitcaseonboard.C.Lethischildrengothroughsecurityfirst.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】W:Threepeople,sir?M:Yes.W:Butyouonlyhavetwoboardingpasseshere.Where’sthethirdone?M:Ohno!Iusedtheonlinecheck-inserviceathome.Ididn’tseetherewereonlytwo.W:Andthatbluesuitcase,sir.That’sholdbaggage.It’stoobigtotakeontheplane.Youneedtocheckitin.M:I’llhavetogoback.Canmychildrengothroughsecuritynow?W:No,I’msorry,theycan’t.Justgobackandexplainthesituation.Gototheprioritycheck-in.Itwillbequicker.M:OK,thanks.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.WhatisSimon’smainjobresponsibility?A.Sellingproducts. B.Developingsoftware. C.Providingcustomersupport.11.Whatisthefunctionofthesoftware?A.Toanalyzemarkettrends.B.Toworkoutproductioncosts.C.Tomanagerelationswithcustomers.12.HowmanyemployeesworkatSimon’scompany?A.3. B.12. C.13.【答案】10.A11.B12.B【解析】【原文】W:Whatdoyoudo,Simon?M:Iworkforacompanythatproducessoftware.AndI’masalesrepresentative.W:Whodoyouworkwith?M:Iworkwithasmallteamofrepresentatives.Therearethreeofus.AndobviouslyIhavealotofcontactwithmycustomers.W:Sowhoareyourcustomers?M:Internationalcompaniesthatworkwithproducersandsuppliersabroad.Theyuseoursoftwaretofigureoutthecostofmakingaproductindifferentcountries.W:Howdoesthishelpyourcustomers?M:Well,theyknowtheproductioncostineachcountry.Thentheychoosethesupplierwiththebestprice.W:OK,Isee.Whatsortofproblemsdoyoudealwithinyourwork?M:Thebiggestproblemistime—mycompanyonlyhires12people.Iprimarilysellsoftwareatwork,butIalsoneedtotrainourcustomerstouseitandthat’salotofwork.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.WhatareNicoleandAnthony?A.Filmcritics. B.Newsreporters. C.Radiopresenters.14.Whatisthespeakers’opiniononthenewJamesBondactor?A.Hewasagoodfitbutnotthebest.B.HewasatypicalJamesBondactor.C.Hemadethecharacterunbelievable.15.WhichdoesNicolethinkwasgoodaboutthemovie?A.Themusic. B.Thestory. C.Thespecialeffects.16.WhatratingdoesAnthonygivethemovie?A.Twostars. B.Fourstars. C.Fivestars.【答案】13.C14.B15.A16.B【解析】【原文】W:Ladiesandgentlemen,goodevening,youarelisteningtoAttheMovies!I’mNicoleReeves.M:AndI’mAnthonyHale.Goodevening!W:Tonightwe’regoingtolookatthenewJamesBondfilm.Well,IreallylikedthisnewJamesBondactor!He’sthemostsuitableactorthat’severhadtherole.M:Iagree,aperfect007type.W:Yeah,andhisactingwassounbelievablynatural.M:Whatdidyouthinkofthestory?W:ItwasthestandardBondmoviewiththeusualbeautifulwomen,theusualbadcharacter—nothingnew.M:Well,IhavetosaythatIthoughtthestorywasunusuallygood.W:Fine,whatdidyouthinkaboutthemusic?Iwastotallyimpressedbyit.M:Yeah,itreallyaddedtotheactionscenes.W:Yes,butunfortunatelythatbringsupaweaknessinthefilmforme:thespecialeffects.Again,it’sjustthesameoldstuff.M:So,overall,howdoyouratethismovie?W:Well,Ihavetogiveitonlytwostars…aratingof“fair”.Howaboutyou?M:Well,Igiveitmyhighestrating…fourstarsoutoffive!W:Hmm.Well,that’sallfromustonight.Seeyoutomorrowandwe’lltalkaboutabest-sellingnovel.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.WhatisTimmainlytalkingabout?A.ThecareerofhimandSam.B.Thedevelopmentofhismusicaltalent.C.Theexperiencesofbeingtwinbrothers.18.WhenwasTimborn?A.InJanuary. B.InOctober. C.InDecember.19.Whatisprobablythephysicaldifferencebetweenthetwins?A.Thehair. B.Thebuild. C.Thevoice.20.WhatcanwelearnaboutTim?A.HeislessconfidentthanSam.B.Heisnotinterestedingoingout.C.HeisgoingtoputoutSoulBrothers.【答案】17.C18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】M:Hithere.I’mTimTanner.Iamhonoredtobeheretoday.I’veappearedonlotsofTVshowswithmybrotherSamTannerasthesingingtwinbrothers.Peopleoftenaskuswhatit’sliketobetwins.Well,IwasborntenminutesbeforeSamsoI’mtheolderbrother,althoughwedohavearealolderbrother,Ken,who’sayearolderthanus.Wewerebornpremature—wesuddenlyappearedinOctoberratherthanJanuary.Ken’sbirthdayisinDecember,sowe’reprettycloseinage.SamandIaren’tcompletelythesame,butevenourdadmakesmistakessometimes,becausethere’shardlyanydifferenceinourhair,andwe’rethesamebuild.Butassoonasweopenourmouths,he’llknowwhichoneitis.Incharacterwe’remostlysimilar—we’vebothalwayslovedmusic,andwe’vealwayshadarealinterestingoingout.However,peoplethatknowussayI’mnotasconfidentasSamis,whichisprobablytrue.WearegoingtopromoteournewalbumTimeDancenextweek,whichisquitedifferentfromourfirstoneSoulBrothers.We’vepouredourheartsintoit,andwe’dbeincrediblygratefulforyoursupport.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文。從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AFormany,thedesiretotravelpeakswhensummerrollsaround.Tohelpyoupickavacationspot,usethislistofthebestsummervacationstohelpyouplanyourgetaway.ParisDaytimetemperaturesinthe70smakessummeroneofthebesttimestowanderaroundtheCityofLight.DinealfrescoatacafealongtheChamps-élysées,orhaveapicnicattheLuxembourgGardensoronthelawnsinfrontoftheEiffelTower.Theonlycons:biggercrowdsandhigherpricesonhotelrooms.Youmaywanttoconsideravacationrentaltosavemoney,andyoushouldplantovisitworld-renownedattractionsliketheLouvrefirstthinginthemorningtoavoidagreatmanytourists.GreatBarrierReefAustralia’sGreatBarrierReefofferssomeofthemostscenicsnorkelinganddivingontheglobeathotspotslikeOspreyReefandHeronIsland.And,believeitornot,yourtourismdollarscanhelpprotectthisquicklydisappearingnaturalwonder.However,youdon’thavetobeadivertofullyenjoythisregion.SailingontheopenoceanandkickingbackonaWhitsundayIslandsbeachwillnodoubtsatisfyrelaxationseekers.LondonGetdowntoLondontownforyournextsummervacation.SpendyourdaystouringthegroundsofBuckinghamPalaceandadmiringLondon’sgreenspacesfromabovewitharideontheLondonEye.Thoughtemperatureshistoricallysitinthe70sduringthesewarmermonths,heatwavesbringingweatherinthe90saren’tunprecedented(史無前例的).Ifyou’rewillingtodealwithsomeheatandthecrowdstheseasonbrings,youareguaranteedtohaveajollygoodtrip.21.WhatisasuggestedwaytosavemoneyinParis?A.Bookingavacationrental.B.HavingapicnicattheEiffelTower.C.VisitingtheLouvrefirstthinginthemorning.D.DiningalfrescoatacafealongtheChamps-élysées.22.WhatisonewaythattourismcanhelpprotecttheGreatBarrierReef?A.Bysailingontheopenarea.B.Bypromotingdivingactivities.C.Bycontributingtoprotectionfunds.D.BykickingbackonaWhitsundayIslandsbeach.23.WhatisacommonchallengefacedbytouristsinbothParisandLondonduringthesummer?A.Highhotelprices. B.Extremeheatwaves.C.Crowdedtouristsites. D.Limitedaccesstopopularattractions.【答案】21.A22.C23.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了三個適合暑假旅游的好去處?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。文章Paris段最后一句講到“Youmaywanttoconsideravacationrentaltosavemoney,andyoushouldplantovisitworld-renownedattractionsliketheLouvrefirstthinginthemorningtoavoidagreatmanytourists.(你可能想考慮度假租賃來省錢，你應(yīng)該計劃在早上第一件事就是參觀盧浮宮等世界著名的景點，以避免大量游客)”可知，在巴黎早上第一件事就是參觀盧浮宮能夠省錢。故選A?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。文章GreatBarrierReef部分講到“And,believeitornot,yourtourismdollarscanhelpprotectthisquicklydisappearingnaturalwonder.(而且，不管你信不信，你的旅游資金可以幫助保護這個迅速消失的自然奇觀)”可知，旅游業(yè)可以幫助保護大堡礁的一種方式是向保護基金捐款。故選C?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。文章Paris段最后一句講到“Youmaywanttoconsideravacationrentaltosavemoney,andyoushouldplantovisitworld-renownedattractionsliketheLouvrefirstthinginthemorningtoavoidagreatmanytourists.(你可能想考慮度假租賃來省錢，你應(yīng)該計劃在早上第一件事就是參觀盧浮宮等世界著名的景點，以避免大量游客)”以及London部分講到“Ifyou’rewillingtodealwithsomeheatandthecrowdstheseasonbringsyouareguaranteedtohaveajollygoodtrip.(如果你愿意應(yīng)對這個季節(jié)帶來的一些高溫和人群，你一定會有一次愉快的旅行)”可知，兩個旅游景點都提到了大量的人群。由此可知，在夏季巴黎和倫敦游客面臨的共同挑戰(zhàn)是擁擠的旅游景點。故選C。BInJuly2020,overtwonightsandthreedays,withmywife,threekidsandanotherfamilyofcampingfriends,weenjoyedviewsofSt.VincentGulfandatimemadeevenmorememorablebyaring.MyfatherhaddiedfourmonthsearlierandIhadbeenwearingagoldringofhisthatwasgiftedtome.Ontheseconddayofourhike,astherestofourgroupsetoffafterlunch,IwaswalkingatthebackwithmywifewhenIlookeddownatmyhandwheremydad’sringusuallywas.Itwasgone.IspentthenextfewminutesandhoursbeingcomfortedbymyfriendsandfamilyandregrettinghowIcouldlosesomethingsopreciousonahikingtrip.Myfriendencouragedmetosearchformyringinmypack,whichIdidwhenwestoppedforadrink.Therewasnoring.WesetupcampandsettledinatKingfisherFlat,themostbeautifulcampsite,sittingbesideaflowingcreek.ThatnightIwenttosleepandeventuallyreconciledthatmyringwasgoneforgood.Finishingthehikethefollowingday,backatMambrayCreek,mymatesaidweshouldhaveonelastlookfortheringatthecampsitebeforesettingoff.Iwentalongwiththeidea,especiallygiventhereweretoiletsnearbyanditwasafour-hourdrivebacktoourhomeontheFleurieuPeninsula.Asweapproachedourcampsiteourfriendsstartedsearchingaroundthegroundsforthering.Iinspectedourfuelgaugecompletely,whilemyeldestdaughterwalkedtothefireringwherewe’dbeenchattingandlaughing.SecondslaterIheardmydaughtersay“I’vefoundit!”Iseriouslycouldnotbelievewhatshe’dsaiduntilshepresentedmewithmydad’sring.Iacceptedthering,huggedmydaughterandtothisdayfindithardtobelievemydad’sringwasfound.ThispreciouschaptermadethetwonightshikingsomethingIwillneverforget.24.Whathappenedaftertheauthorlosinghisfather’sringduringthehike?A.Theauthordecidedtobuyanewring.B.Thegroupdecidedtoendthetripearly.C.Theauthorreceivedcomfortfromfriendsandfamily.D.Theauthorimmediatelyfoundtheringinhissleepingbag.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reconciled”inparagraph4mean?A.Feltangryandfrustrated. B.Arguedaboutthesituation.C.Madepeacewiththesituation. D.Foundasolutiontotheproblem.26.Whydidtheauthoragreetohaveonelastlookfortheringatthecampsite?A.Becausehisfriendsinsistedonsearchingagain.B.Becausehewasstillhopefuloffindingthering.C.Becausehewantedtospendmoretimewithhisfamily.D.Becausethereweretoiletsnearby,makingitaconvenientstop.27.What’sthepurposeofthestory?A.todescribethenaturalbeautyofSt.VincentGulfanditssurroundings.B.topromotethebenefitsoffamilycampingtripsandoutdooractivities.C.toprovideadetailedaccountofhikingtechniquesandoutdoorsurvivaltips.D.tosharetheemotionaljourneyoflosingandfindingacherishedfamilytreasure.【答案】24.C25.C26.D27.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在徒步旅行中丟失了父親留下的戒指，最后在營地被女兒意外找回的感人經(jīng)歷。【24題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“IspentthenextfewminutesandhoursbeingcomfortedbymyfriendsandfamilyandregrettinghowIcouldlosesomethingsopreciousonahikingtrip.(在接下來的幾分鐘和幾個小時里，我的朋友和家人都在安慰我，我后悔怎么會在徒步旅行中丟失這么珍貴的東西)”可知，作者在徒步旅行中丟失父親的戒指后，得到了朋友和家人的安慰。故選C項?！?5題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“ThatnightIwenttosleepandeventuallyreconciledthatmyringwasgoneforgood.(那天晚上，我上床睡覺，并最終reconciled我的戒指永遠不見了)”中“eventually”和“myringwasgoneforgood”可推知，作者最終接受了戒指丟失這一事實。劃線詞reconciled意思是“接受，順從”，與“Madepeacewiththesituation(接受這個情況)”同義。故選C項?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Iwentalongwiththeidea,especiallygiventhereweretoiletsnearbyanditwasafour-hourdrivebacktoourhomeontheFleurieuPeninsula.(我接受了這個想法，尤其是考慮到附近有廁所，而且回我們在弗勒里厄半島的家還要開四個小時的車)”可知，作者同意在營地最后再找一次戒指是因為附近有廁所，可以順便停一下。故選D項?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“InJuly2020,overtwonightsandthreedays,withmywife,threekidsandanotherfamilyofcampingfriends,weenjoyedviewsofSt.VincentGulfandatimemadeevenmorememorablebyaring.(2020年7月，在兩天三天時間里，我和妻子、三個孩子以及另一家露營的朋友一起欣賞了圣文森特灣的景色，一枚戒指讓這段時光變得更加難忘)”和最后一段中“Iacceptedthering,huggedmydaughterandtothisdayfindithardtobelievemydad’sringwasfound.ThispreciouschaptermadethetwonightshikingsomethingIwillneverforget.(我接過戒指，抱了抱女兒，直到今天，我仍然難以相信我找到了父親的戒指。這段珍貴的經(jīng)歷讓我永遠忘不了那兩晚的徒步旅行)”可知，文章主要目的是分享失去和找回珍貴家庭寶藏的情感旅程。故選D項。CBritain’slastcoal-firedpowerplantwillcloseonMonday,ending142yearsofcoal-generatedelectricityinthenationthatsparkedtheIndustrialRevolution.TheRatcliffe-on-SoarstationincentralEnglandistofinishitsfinalshiftatmidnight,aftermorethanhalfacenturyofturningcoalintopower.OwnerUnipersaysmanyofthe170remainingemployeeswillstayonduringatwo-yeardecommissioning(停用關(guān)閉)process.TheUKgovernmenthailed(贊揚)theclosureasamilestoneineffortstogenerateallofBritain’senergyfromrenewablesourcesby2030.TheshutdownmakesBritainthefirstcountryfromtheGroupofSevenmajoreconomiestophaseoutcoal—thoughsomeotherEuropeannations,includingSwedenandBelgium,gottheresooner.EnergyMinisterMichaelShankssaidtheplant’sclosure“markstheendofaneraandcoalworkerscanberightlyproudoftheirworkpoweringourcountryforover140years.Weowegenerationsadebtofgratitudeasacountry.Theeraofcoalmightbeending,butanewageofgoodenergyjobsforourcountryisjustbeginning.”Theworld’sfirstcoal-firedelectricityplant,EdisonElectricLightStation,openedinLondonin1882.Ratcliffe-on-Soar,whichopenedin1968,isalandmarkwhoseeightconcretecoolingtowersand199-meterchimneyareseenbymillionsofpeopleayearastheydrivepastontheM1highwayorspeedbyontrains.In1990coalprovidedabout80%ofBritain’selectricity.By2012ithadfallento39%,andby2023itstoodatjust1%,accordingtofiguresfromtheNationalGrid.MorethanhalfofBritain’selectricitynowcomesfromrenewablesourcessuchaswindandsolarpower,andtherestfromnaturalgasandnuclearenergy.“Tenyearsagocoalwastheleadingsourceofthiscountry’spower—generatingathirdofourelectricity,”saidDharaVyas,deputychiefexecutiveofEnergyU.K.“So,togettothispointjustadecadelater,withcoal’scontributionreplacedbycleanandlowcarbonsources,isanincredibleachievement.Asweaimforfurtherambitioustargetsintheenergytransition(轉(zhuǎn)變),it’sworthrememberingthatfewbackthenthoughtsuchachangeatsuchapacewaspossible.”28.WhatisthesignificanceoftheclosureofRatcliffe-on-Soarstation?A.ItmarksthebeginningofBritain’senergytransition.B.ItisthefirststeptowardsrenewableenergyintheUK.C.Itshowstheendofcoal-generatedelectricityinBritain.D.ItindicatesthatBritainhasalreadyreacheditsrenewableenergygoals.29.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A.Thecountryisindebtandneedstorepayitsloanstothepastgenerations.B.Thecountryaskedforgratitudefromfuturegenerationsforitscurrentenergypolicies.C.TheUK’sgratitudetocoalworkersisnowcompletewiththeclosureofthelastcoalplant.D.TheUKacknowledgedthesignificantcontributionsofcoalworkersthroughouttheindustrialhistory.30.WhatdoesDharaVyasmainlyimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Britainshouldhaveaimedformoreambitiousenergytransitiontargetsearlier.B.ThereplacementofcoalbycleansourcesinBritainhappenedfasterthanexpected.C.ThedeclineofcoalasapowersourceinBritainwasaslowandpredictableprocess.D.Despitetheremarkableshifttocleanandlow-carbonenergy,challengesstillremain.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbeabesttitleforthetext?A.“TheEconomicImpactofCoalPlantClosuresintheUK”B.“Britain’sCoalLegacy:ACenturyofPowerandProgress”C.“RenewableEnergyTriumph:BritainSaysGoodbyetoCoal”D.“TheFinalCountdown:Britain’sLastCoalPlantClosesItsDoors”【答案】28.C29.D30.B31.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。主要介紹的是英國最后一座燃煤電廠關(guān)閉，標志著煤電時代的終結(jié)，開啟可再生能源新篇章?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段的“Britain’slastcoal-firedpowerplantwillcloseonMonday,ending142yearsofcoal-generatedelectricityinthenationthatsparkedtheIndustrialRevolution.(英國最后一座燃煤電廠將于周一關(guān)閉，結(jié)束了這個國家142年的燃煤發(fā)電歷史)”可知，Ratcliffe-on-Soar電站的關(guān)閉標志著英國煤電時代的正式結(jié)束。故選C項?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“EnergyMinisterMichaelShankssaidtheplant’sclosure“markstheendofaneraandcoalworkerscanberightlyproudoftheirworkpoweringourcountryforover140years.Weowegenerationsadebtofgratitudeasacountry.(能源部長邁克爾·尚克斯（MichaelShanks）表示，該工廠的關(guān)閉“標志著一個時代的結(jié)束，煤炭工人可以為他們?yōu)槲覀儑夜╇?40多年的工作感到自豪?！弊鳛橐粋€國家，我們欠幾代人一份感激之情)”可知，能源部長邁克爾·尚克斯的聲明表明英國政府對煤炭工人在過去140多年中為國家電力供應(yīng)做出的貢獻表示感謝。故選D項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段““Tenyearsago,coalwastheleadingsourceofthiscountry’spower—generatingathirdofourelectricity,”saidDharaVyas,deputychiefexecutiveofEnergyU.K.“So,togettothispointjustadecadelater,withcoal’scontributionreplacedbycleanandlowcarbonsources,isanincredibleachievement.Asweaimforfurtherambitioustargetsintheenergytransition(轉(zhuǎn)變),it’sworthrememberingthatfewbackthenthoughtsuchachangeatsuchapacewaspossible.”(“十年前，煤炭是這個國家電力的主要來源，占全國電力的三分之一，”英國能源公司副總裁達拉·維亞斯說，“所以，僅僅十年后，煤炭的貢獻被清潔和低碳能源所取代，這是一個令人難以置信的成就。當我們在能源轉(zhuǎn)型中瞄準進一步雄心勃勃的目標時，值得記住的是，當時很少有人認為這樣的變化是可能的?！?”可知，英國能源公司副總裁達拉·維亞斯認為，僅僅十年后，煤炭的貢獻被清潔和低碳能源所取代，這是一個難以置信的成就，由此可知，本段暗示了過去十年中，英國從依賴煤炭到轉(zhuǎn)向清潔能源的速度之快，超出了許多人的預(yù)期。故選B項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段“Britain’slastcoal-firedpowerplantwillcloseonMonday,ending142yearsofcoal-generatedelectricityinthenationthatsparkedtheIndustrialRevolution.(英國最后一座燃煤電廠將于周一關(guān)閉，結(jié)束了這個國家142年的燃煤發(fā)電歷史)”可知，英國最后一個燃煤發(fā)電廠關(guān)閉，結(jié)合下文介紹的這一事件在英國能源轉(zhuǎn)型中的意義可知，本文主要講述的是英國最后一個燃煤電廠的關(guān)閉，所以題目“最后的倒計時：英國最后一家燃煤電廠關(guān)閉”與本文講述的內(nèi)容吻合，且概括了本文的主旨，適合作為最佳標題。故選D項。DCoralreefs(珊瑚礁)maybemorecapableofadaptingtohotterandmoreacidic(酸性的)oceansthanwethought,raisinghopesofpreservingthesebiodiverseecosystems.Risinglevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmosphereduetoouremissionsposeatwinthreattotheworld’scoralreefs.Highertemperaturesstresscoralsandthiscanleadtomassbleaching(漂白)anddeath.Inaddition,atmosphericCO2absorbedbytheoceanmakesthewatermoreacidicandweakenscoralskeletons.This,alongwithpollutionandoverfishing,hasalreadycreatedacrisisfortheplanet’sreefs.Tofindoutmoreabouttheextentandspeedatwhichcoralspeciescouldadapt,JuryandhiscolleaguesattheUniversityofHawai’icollecteddozensofspecimensofeightdifferentcoralspeciesfromreefsaroundO’ahu,Hawai’i.Theywerethengrowninanoutdoorlabunderfourdifferentconditions:undertoday’sclimate,onewithtemperaturesraisedby2℃butwaterchemistryunchanged,anotherwithtemperaturesheldbutwaterchemistrymademoreacidic,andthelastwithbothtemperatureandwaterchemistrychangedtoproducethewarmer,moreacidicconditions.Thetestlastedaslongassixmonths,but“thecoralsdidsurprisinglywell”,saysJury.Allsawlowergrowthrates-ameasureofcoralhealth-underthemorestressfulconditions.Yetindividualsofallspeciessurvivedthecombinedstressors,withnocleartrade-offbetweentolerancetoheatandacidity.Infact,thereisbuildingevidenceofasignificantpotentialtoadapttochangingoceans.Forinstance,inasecondstudypublishedthismonth,MelissaNaugleatSouthernCrossUniversityinAustraliaandhercolleaguesanalysedheattoleranceofdifferentcoralspeciesontheGreatBarrierReef.Theyfoundunexpectedlylargevariationinheattolerance,evenamongcoralsinthesamepartofthereef,whichcouldbeespeciallyvaluableforeffortstorestorereefsbybreedingmoretolerantcorals.“I’mcautiouslyoptimistic,”saysLisaMcManusattheUniversityofHawai’i,whowasn’tinvolvedwithanyoftheresearch.Butshecautionsthatanyadaptivepotentialstilldependsonhowmuchcoralisleftafterextremeevents.“Inalotofareasaroundtheworld,there’slittlecoralcoverleft.”32.Whatistheeffectofmoreacidicoceansoncoralreefs?A.Massbleaching. B.Weakeningskeletons.C.Overfishingandpollution. D.HighertemperaturesandCO2.33.HowdidJuryandhiscolleaguesconducttheirstudyoncorals?A.Bycollectingfromdifferentoceansglobally.B.Bygrowingunderonlyoneenvironmentalcondition.C.Bytestingwithoutconsideringcoralspeciesdifferences.D.Bycultivatingindifferentconditionswithlocalcoralspecies.34.WhatcanwelearnfromMelissaNaugle’sstudy?A.Somespeciesofcoralsmaybetterhelprestorereefs.B.GreatBarrierReefcorals’heattoleranceisequallyhigh.C.EnvironmentalfactorssolelydecideGreatBarrierReefcorals’heattolerance.D.Heat-tolerancevariationamongGreatBarrierReefcoralsistoominortomatter.35.WhatistheattitudeofLisaMcManustowardsthefutureofcoralreefs?A.Assured,expectingfulladaptationwithoutworries.B.Anxious,fearingtheapproachinglossofcoralreefs.C.Negative,questioningtheadaptabilityofcoralreefs.D.Hopeful,withconcernsaboutpost-extremeeventsurvival.【答案】32.B33.D34.A35.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是研究發(fā)現(xiàn)珊瑚礁可能比我們想象的更有能力適應(yīng)更熱、更酸的海洋，這增加了保護這些生物多樣性生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的希望。【32題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Inaddition,atmosphericCO2absorbedbytheoceanmakesthewatermoreacidicandweakenscoralskeletons.(此外，海洋吸收大氣中的二氧化碳會使海水變得更酸，削弱珊瑚骨骼。)”可知，酸性海洋弱化了珊瑚骨骼。故選B項。【33題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Tofindoutmoreabouttheextentandspeedatwhichcoralspeciescouldadapt,JuryandhiscolleaguesattheUniversityofHawai’icollecteddozensofspecimensofeightdifferentcoralspeciesfromreefsaroundO’ahu,Hawai’i.Theywerethengrowninanoutdoorlabunderfourdifferentconditions(為了進一步了解珊瑚物種適應(yīng)環(huán)境的程度和速度，朱爾和他在夏威夷大學的同事們從夏威夷奧胡島周圍的珊瑚礁中收集了數(shù)十種不同珊瑚物種的標本。然后在四種不同的條件下在室外實驗室中培養(yǎng)它們)”以及下文中介紹的四種不同條件的介紹可知，該實驗是通過用當?shù)厣汉魑锓N在不同條件下對珊瑚進行研究的。故選D項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Forinstance,inasecondstudypublishedthismonth,MelissaNaugleatSouthernCrossUniversityinAustraliaandhercolleaguesanalysedheattoleranceofdifferentcoralspeciesontheGreatBarrierReef.Theyfoundunexpectedlylargevariationinheattolerance,evenamongcoralsinthesamepartofthereef,whichcouldbeespeciallyvaluableforeffortstorestorereefsbybreedingmoretolerantcorals.(例如，在本月發(fā)表的第二項研究中，澳大利亞南十字星大學的MelissaNaugle和她的同事分析了大堡礁不同珊瑚物種的耐熱性。他們意外地發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使在珊瑚礁同一部分的珊瑚之間，耐熱性也存在很大差異，這對于通過繁殖更耐受性的珊瑚來恢復珊瑚礁的努力尤其有價值。)”可知，MelissaNaugle的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)大堡礁珊瑚耐熱性存在顯著的差異，由此可知，這種差異對于選擇能夠更好適應(yīng)未來環(huán)境條件的珊瑚種類來進行恢復工作是非常有價值的。故選A項。35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段““I’mcautiouslyoptimistic,”saysLisaMcManusattheUniversityofHawai’i,whowasn’tinvolvedwithanyoftheresearch.(“我持謹慎樂觀的態(tài)度，”夏威夷大學的LisaMcManus說，她沒有參與任何研究。)”可知，她對珊瑚的適應(yīng)能力持謹慎樂觀的態(tài)度，結(jié)合下文的“Butshecautionsthatanyadaptivepotentialstilldependsonhowmuchcoralisleftafterextremeevents.“Inalotofareasaroundtheworld,there’slittlecoralcoverleft.”(但她警告說，任何適應(yīng)潛力仍然取決于極端事件后剩下多少珊瑚?！霸谑澜缟虾芏嗟貐^(qū)，幾乎沒有珊瑚覆蓋?！?”可知，她也表達了對極端天氣事件后珊瑚存活率的擔憂，特別是考慮到許多地方的珊瑚覆蓋率已經(jīng)很低，綜合以上信息可知，LisaMcManus對珊瑚礁的未來充滿希望，但也擔心極端事件后珊瑚礁的生存。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。LeadershipSecretAmazonhasreachedwhatitsfounderandCEOJeffBezoscalled“aninterestingmilestone.”Theretailinggiantsohighlyassociatedwithbooksandthenmusicandvideo,nowhastensofmillionsofproductsandamajorityarenon-mediagoods,fromdrillstotennisballstoalmostanythingelsethatcanbeshipped.____36____The48-year-oldhasofficia