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解析版

目錄

技能專區(qū)1

真題專區(qū)1

模擬專區(qū)11

技能專區(qū)：沖刺備考名師提醒，洞悉高考命題規(guī)律，提供高效提分干貨

-閱讀理解說明文細節(jié)理解題注意落實“定位原文”和〃同義替換”技巧。

二數(shù)據(jù)計算題注重“原文定位"和“細節(jié)理解"，弄清來龍去脈再計算。

三重視說明文“倒三角形”結(jié)構(gòu)，特別是首段和段首的獨特作用。

四、標題概括題重視三性：概括性、簡潔性和新穎性；同時聯(lián)系首段和關(guān)犍詞。

五說明文長難句較多增加了理解的難度，落實〃括號法”，（從句）（非謂語）

（介詞短語）（名詞短語I

六、規(guī)范訓(xùn)練目標：做標記，留痕跡；零失誤；限時6分鐘/每篇。

真題專區(qū)：練真題，明方向；練技巧，提能力；練速度，提分數(shù)！

（2023?新高考I卷）Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,including

adetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoleachyouhowtoadoptthis

philosophyifyoudecideifsrightfbryou.

Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inparione,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundations

ofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthatarcmakingsomanypeople's

digitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigital

minimalismphilosophy.

Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodtoradoptingthisphilosophy:thedigital

dcclultcr.Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.Atthe

endofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthat

youbelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue.

Inthefinalchapterofpartone,I'llguideyouthroughcarryingoutyourowndigitaldeclutter.In

doingso,I'lldrawonanexperimentIranin2018inwhichover1,600peopleagreedtoperforma

digitaldeclutter.You'llheartheseparticipants,storiesandlearnwhatstrategiesworkedwellforthem,

andwhaitrapstheyencounteredthatyoushouldavoid.

Thesecondpartofthisbooktakesacloserlookatsomeideasthatwillhelpyoucultivate（培養(yǎng)）

asustainabledigitalminimalismlifestyle.Inthesechapters,Iexamineissuessuchastheimportance

ofsolitude（獨處）andthenecessityofcultivatinghigh-qualityleisuretoreplacethetimemostnow

spendonmindlessdeviceuse.Eachchapterconcludeswithacollectionofpractices,whichare

designedtohelpyouactonthebigideasofthechapter.Youcanviewthesepracticesasatoolbox

meanttoaidyoureffortstobuildaminimalistlifestylethatwordsforyourparticularcircumstances.

28.Whatisthebookaimedat?

A.Teachingcriticalthinkingskills.B.Advocatingasimpledigitallifestyle.

C.Solvingphilosophicalproblems.D.Promotingtheuseofadigitaldevice.

29.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“dccluttcr“inparagraph3mean?

A.Clear-up.B.Add-on.C.Check-in.D.Take-over.

30.Whatispresentedinthefinalchapterofpartone?

A.Theoreticalmodels.B.Statisticalmethods.

C.Practicalexamples.D.Historicalanalyses.

31.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowilhthepracticesofferedinparttwo?

A.Usethemasneeded.B.Recommendthemtofriends.

C.Evaluatetheireffects.D.Identitytheideasbehindthem.

【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了數(shù)字極簡主義生活方式的優(yōu)點，倡導(dǎo)簡單的數(shù)

字生活方式。

28.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigital

minimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthento

teachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideifsrightforyou.（這本書的目標是為數(shù)

試卷第2頁，共62頁

字極簡主義辯護，包括詳細探索它的要求和為什么有效，然后如果你認為它適合你，教你如

何采用這種哲學(xué)）”可知，這本書的目的是倡導(dǎo)簡單的數(shù)字生活方式。故選B。

29.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞下文"Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonline

activitiesforthirtydays.Attheendofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumber

ofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethings

youvahic.（這個過程要求你在30天內(nèi)遠離可選的在線活動。在30天結(jié)束的時候，你再加上

一些你認為會給你所看重的東西帶來巨大好處的精心挑選的在線活動廣可推知，畫線詞

“declutter”的意思是“清理”，對在線活動進行清理和挑選。故選A。

30.推理判斷題。通過文章第四段"Inthefinalchapterofpartone,rilguideyouthrough

carryingoutyourowndigitaldcclutter.Indoingso,PHdrawonanexperimentIranin2018

inwhichover1,600peopleagreedtoperformadigitaldeclutter.（在第一部分的最后一章中，

我將指導(dǎo)您進行自己的數(shù)字清理。在這樣做的過程中，我將借鑒我在2018年進行的一項實驗，

在該實驗中，1600多人同意進行數(shù)字清理）”可推知，第一部分的最后一章介紹了實驗與數(shù)字

清理的實際例子。故選C。

31.推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段“Youcanviewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeanttoaid

youreffortstobuildaminimalistlifestylethatwordsforyourparticularcircumstances.（你可

以將這些實踐視為一個工具箱，旨在幫助你建立一種適合自己特定情況的極簡主義生活方式），

可推知，作者建議讀者根據(jù)需要與實際情況使用第二部分中提及的實踐。故選A。

（2023?新高考I卷）OnMarch7,1907,theEnglishstatisticianFrancisGaltonpublishedapaper

whichillustratedwhathascometobeknownasthe“wisdomofcrowds”effect.Theexperimentof

estimationheconductedshowedthatinsomecases,theaverageofalargenumberofindependent

estimatescouldbequiteaccurate.

Thiseffectcapitalizesonthefactthatwhenpeoplemakeerrors,thoseerrorsaren'talwaysthe

same.Somepeoplewilltendtooverestimate,andsometounderestimate.Whenenoughofthese

errorsareaveragedtogether,theycanceleachotherout,resultinginamoreaccurateestimate.If

peoplearesimilarandtendtomakethesameerrors,thentheirerrorswon'tcanceleachotherout.In

moretechnicalterms,thewisdomofcrowdsrequiresthatpeople'sestimatesbeindependent.Iffor

whateverreasons,people'serrorsbecomecorrelatedordependent,theaccuracyoftheestimatewill

godown.

ButanewstudyledbyJoaquinNavajasofferedaninterestingtwist（轉(zhuǎn)折）onthisclassic

phenomenon.Thekeyfindingofthestudywasthatwhencrowdswerefurtherdividedintosmaller

groupsthatwereallowedtohaveadiscussion,theaveragesfromthesegroupsweremoreaccurate

thanthosefromanequalnumberofindependentindividuals.Forinstance,theaverageobtainedfrom

theestimatesoffourdiscussiongroupsoffivewassignificantlymoreaccuratethantheaverage

obtainedfrom20independentindividuals.

Inafollow-upstudywith10()universitystudents,theresearcherstriedtogetabettersenseof

whatthegroupmembersactuallydidintheirdiscussion.Didtheytendtogowiththosemost

confidentabouttheirestimates?Didtheyfollowthoseleastwillingiochangeiheirminds?This

happenedsomeofthetime,butitwasn'tthedominantresponse.Mostfrequently,thegroupsreported

thatthey“sharedargumentsandreasonedtogether."Somehow,theseargumentsandreasoning

resultedinaglobalreductioninerror.AlthoughthestudiesledbyNavajashavelimitationsmany

questionsremainthepotentialimplicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision-makingareenormous.

32.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?

A.Themethodsofestimation.B.Theunderlyinglogicoftheeffect.

C.Thecausesofpeople'serrors.D.ThedesignofGalton'sexperiment.

33.Navajas*studyfoundthattheaverageaccuracycouldincreaseevenif

A.thecrowdswererelativelysmallB.therewereoccasionalunderestimates

C.individualsdidnotcommunicateD.estimateswerenotfullyindependent

34.Whatdidthefollow-upstudyfocuson?

A.Thesizeofthegroups.B.Thedominantmembers.

C.Thediscussionprocess.D.Theindividualestimates.

35.Whatistheauthor\attitudetowardNavajas5studies?

A.Unclear.B.Dismissive.C.Doubtful.D.Approving.

【答案】32.B33.D34,C35?D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。沒有人是一座孤島，文章陳述了“群體智慧”效應(yīng)。實驗表明，在某

些情況下大量獨立估計的平均值可能是相當準確的。

32.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容”Thiseffectcapitalizesonthefactthatwhenpeoplemake

errors,thoseerrorsaren'talwaysthesame.Somepeoplewilltendtooverestimate,andcome

tounderestimate.Whenenoughoftheseerrorsareaveragedtogether,theycanceleachother

out,resultinginamoreaccurateestimate.Ifpeoplearesimilarandtendtomakethesame

errors,thentheirerrorswon'tcanceleachotherout.Inmoretechnicalterms,thewisdomof

試卷第4頁，共62頁

crowdsrequiresthatpeople'sestimatesbeindependent.Ifforwhateverreasons,peoples

errorsbecomecorrelatedordependent,theaccuracyoftheestimatewillgodown?（這種效應(yīng)

利用了這樣一個事實，即當人們犯錯誤時，這些錯誤并不總是相同的。有些人常常會高估，

或者低估。當這些誤差中有足夠多的誤差被平均在一起時，它們會相互抵消，從而產(chǎn)生更準

確的估計。如果相似的人傾向于犯同樣的錯誤，那么他們的錯誤不會相互抵消。從更專業(yè)的

角度來說，群眾的智慧要求人們的估計是獨立的。如果由于任何原因，人們的錯誤變得相關(guān)

或依賴，估計的準確性就會下降。廣可知，本段闡述了人們所犯的錯誤不總是相同的，各不

相同的誤差平均在一起，相互抵消就會產(chǎn)生更準確的估計，討論了獨立估計的平均如何由于

誤差的消除而導(dǎo)致更準確的預(yù)測。因此本段主要解釋了“群體智慧”效應(yīng)這一現(xiàn)象的基本邏輯。

故選B。

33.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Inmoretechnicalterms,thewisdomofcrowdsrequiresthat

people'sestimatesbeindependent.（從更專業(yè)的角度來說，群眾的智慧要求人們的估計是獨立

的。）''和第三段的“Thekeyfindingofthestudywasthatwhencrowdswerefurtherdivided

intosmallergroupsthatwereallowedtohaveadiscussion,theaveragesfromthesegroups

weremoreaccuratethanthosefromanequalnumberofindependentindividuals.For

instance,theaverageobtainedfromtheestimatesoffourdiscussiongroupsoffivewas

significantlymoreaccuratethantheaverageobtainedfrom20independentindividuals.（這項

研究的關(guān)鍵發(fā)現(xiàn)是，當人群被進一步劃分為允許進行討論的小組時，這些小組的平均值比同

等數(shù)量的獨立個體的平均值更準確。例如，從四個五人討論組的估計中獲得的平均值明顯比

從20個獨立個體獲得的平均值更準確。）”可知，人們在沒有獨立的情況下，分成更小群體,

平均值是更準確的，說明即使在估計數(shù)字并非完全獨立的情況下，準確率提高也是可以做到

的。故選D。

34.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Inafollow-upstudywith100universitystudents,the

researcherstriedtogetabettersenseofwhatthegroupmembersactuallydidintheir

discussion.Didtheytendtogowiththosemostconfidentabouttheirestimates?Didthey

followthoseleastwillingtochangetheirminds?（在一項針對100名大學(xué)生的后續(xù)研究中，研

究人員試圖更好地了解小組成員在討論中的實際行為。他們是否傾向于選擇那些對自己的估

計最有信心的人？他們追隨那些最不愿意改變主意的人嗎？戶可知，在后續(xù)研究中，研究人

員試圖更好地了解小組成員在討論中實際做了什么。結(jié)合兩個問題，因此可知后續(xù)研究的重

點是小組內(nèi)的討論過程。故選C。

35.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容“AlthoughthestudiesledbyNavajashavelimitationsand

manyquestionsremain,thepotentialimplicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision-making

areenormous.（盡管Navajas領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究有局限性，仍存在許多問題，但對小組討論和決策的

潛在影響是巨大的。）”可知，作者認為雖然Navajas領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究有局限性也存在許多問題，

但對小組討論和決策的潛在影響巨大。因此推斷作者對于Navajas的研究表示一定的贊許和

支持。故選D。

（2022?新高考I卷）Theelderlyresidents（g民）incarehomesinLondonarebeinggivenhens

tolookaftertostopthemfeelinglonely.

Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity（慈善組織）toreducelonelinessandimprove

elderlypeople'swellbeing,Itisalsobeingusedtohelppatientssufferingdementia,aseriousillness

ofthemind.Staffincarehomeshavereportedareductionintheuseofmedicinewherehensarein

use.

Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis80-year-oldRuthXavier.Shesaid:"Iusedtokeephens

whenIwasyoungerandhadtopreparetheirbreakfasteachmorningbeforeIwenttoschool.

liketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthemorninglettingthehensoutand

downthereagainatnighttosecthey'vegonetobed.”

"It'sgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheirchildrenintoseethehens

andresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatchthem.I'menjoyingthecreativeactivities,anditfeels

greattohavedonesomethingusefUL”

Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,andthe

charityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountrywide.

WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkontheproject,

said:"Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wcarclooking

forwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.”

LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:uWearehappytobetakingpartinthe

project.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.”

28.Whatisthepui-poseoftheproject?

A.Toensureharmonyincarehomes.

B.Toprovidepart-timejobsfortheaged.

C.TDraisemoneyformedicalresearch.

D.Topromotetheelderlypeople'swelfare.

試卷第6頁，共62頁

29.HowhastheprojectaffectedRuthXavier?

A.Shehaslearnednewlifeskills.

B.Shehasgainedasenseofachievement.

C.Shehasrecoveredhermemory.

D.Shehasdevelopedastrongpersonality.

30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon”meaninparagraph7?

A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.

31.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Itiswellreceived.B.Itneedstobemorecreative.

C.Itishighlyprofitable.D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.

【答案】28D29.B30.C31.A

【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了旨在減少孤獨，改善老年人的健康狀況的項目。

28.Do推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段**Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity（慈善

組織）toreducelonelinessandimproveelderlypeopleJswellbeing（該項目由當?shù)匾患掖壬茩C

構(gòu)構(gòu)想，旨在減少孤獨，改善老年人的健康狀況）”可知，這個項目的目的是為了提高老年人

的幸福。故選D。

29.Bo推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“"It'sgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeen

bringingtheirchildrenintoseethehensandresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatchthem.I'

menjoyingthecreativeactivities,anditfeelsgreattohavedonesomethinguseful.w（有不同

的關(guān)注點很好。人們把自己的孩子帶進來看母雞，居民們也來外面坐著看它們。我喜歡創(chuàng)造

性的活動，做一些有用的事情的感覺很好）”可推知，RuthXavier通過該項目獲得了一種成

就感。故選B。

30.Co詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段"Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectand

thecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringto

peoplehere.（居民們非常歡迎該項目的想法和創(chuàng)意會議。我們期待這個項目能給這里的人們

帶來好處和樂趣）”以及劃線處前的"oneofthefirst（第一批人之一）”可知WendyWilson是

著手這項工程的人之一，劃線處的含義與C項：“Begin（開始）”含義相近。故選C。

31.A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段"Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectand

thecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringto

peoplehere.（居民們非常歡迎該項目的想法和創(chuàng)意會議。我們期待這個項目能給這里的人們

帶來好處和樂趣）”以及最后一段uLynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:“We

arehappytobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthrougha

sharedinterestandcreativeactivities.w（"諾丁山路徑”的負責(zé)人林恩?劉易斯說:我們很高

興能參與這個項目。它將通過共同的興趣和創(chuàng)造性活動真正幫助我們的居民聯(lián)系起來）“可知，

該項目的反響很好。故選A。

（2022?新高考I卷）Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthe

common"m"and"a"totherareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.Butwhyarecertain

soundsmorecommonthanothers?Aground-breaking,five-yearstudyshowsihatdiet-relaied

changesinhumanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworld'slanguages.

Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,

suchas'f'and"v"，weremorecommoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.Nowa

teamofresearchersledbyDamianBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowand

whythistrendarose.

Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned（對齊）,

makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.

Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure（結(jié)構(gòu)）,makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.

Theteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentofagriculturein

theNeolithicperiod.Foodbecameeasiertochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidn'thavetodoas

muchworkandsodidn'tgrowtobesolarge.

Analysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundof

worldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseofand"v"increasingremarkablyduringthe

lastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gatherer

peopletoday.

Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswerepresentwhenhuman

beingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago."Thesetofspeechsoundswcusehasnotnecessarily

remainedstablesincetheappearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsounds

thatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayofthingslikebiologicalchangeandcultural

evolution,saidStevenMoran,amemberoftheresearchteam.

32.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamianBlasi'sresearchfocuson?

A.Itsvariety.B.Itsdistribution.C.Itsquantity.D.Itsdevelopment.

33.Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproducelabiodentals?

A.Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlowerteeth.

試卷第8頁，共62頁

B.Theycouldnotopenandclosetheirlipseasily.

C.Theirjawswerenotconvenientlystructured.

D.Theirlowerfrontteethwerenotlargeenough.

34.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?

A.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.

B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.

C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.

D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.

35.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?

A.Itiskeytoeffectivecommunication.

B.Itcontributesmuchtoculturaldiversity.

C.Itisacomplexanddynamicsystem.

D.Itdrivestheevolutionofhumanbeings.

【答案】32.D33.C34.A35.C

【導(dǎo)語】本篇是一篇說明文。主要介紹因為飲食的改變導(dǎo)致了現(xiàn)在在世界上一半的語言中發(fā)

現(xiàn)了新的語音。

32.Do細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharles

Hockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,suchas"f"andnv*\weremore

commoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.Nowateamofresearchersledby

DamianBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrend

arose.（30多年前，學(xué)者CharlesHockett注意到，被稱為唇齒音的語音，如“f”和“v”，

在吃軟食物的社會的語言中更常見。現(xiàn)在，瑞士蘇黎世大學(xué)的DamianBlasi領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一組研究

人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了這一趨勢產(chǎn)生的方式和原因。）'何知DamianBlasi的研究重點是在語言的演變上。

故選D。

33.Co細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethof

ancienthumanadultswerealigned）makingithardtoproducelabiodentals*whichareformed

bytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure,

makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.（他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，古人類的上門牙和下門牙是對齊的，因

此很難產(chǎn)生唇齒音，唇齒音是通過下唇接觸上牙齒而形成的。后來，我們的下顆變成了覆蓋

咬合結(jié)構(gòu)，更容易發(fā)出這樣的聲音）”可知，因為古代成年人的下顆結(jié)構(gòu)使他們很難發(fā)出唇齒

音。故選C。

34.Ao主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段中的"Analysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthat

therewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesafterthesoNeolithicage,withthe

useof"f"andincreasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesounds

arestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gathererpeopletoday.（對語言數(shù)據(jù)庫的分

析也證實，在新石器時代之后，世界語言的發(fā)音發(fā)生了全球性的變化，在過去幾千年里，“f”

和“v”的使用顯著增加。這些聲音在今天許多狩獵采集者的語言中仍然沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)）”可知，

笫五段主要是通過列明數(shù)據(jù)分析結(jié)果來進一步證明研究結(jié)果。故選Ao

35.C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“"Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarily

remainedstablesincetheappearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeech

soundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayofthingslikebiological

changeandculturalevolution,saidStevenMoran,amemberoftheresearchteam.（研究小組

成員StevenMoran說：“自從人類出現(xiàn)以來，我們使用的語音不一定保持穩(wěn)定，我們今天發(fā)

現(xiàn)的各種語音都是生物變化和文化進化等復(fù)雜相互作用的產(chǎn)物可知，StevenMoran認

為語音是一個復(fù)雜的動態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選C。

（2021?新高考I卷）WhcntheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,the

skiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencare

ofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswho

followedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl（水

禽）werekilledalthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.

Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatly

reducingwaterfowlhabitat（棲息地）.

In1934,withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct（Act）,anincreasingly

concernednationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory（遷徙的）waterfowlandthe

wetlandssovitaltotheirsurvivaLUnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandover

mustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.TheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwas

designedbyJ.N.“Ding”DarlingapoliticalcartoonistfromDesMoines,Iowa,whoatthattimewas

appointedbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltasDirectoroftheBureauofBiologicalSurvey.Hunters

willinglypaythestamppricetoensurethesurvivalofournaturalresources.

About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservation

FundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefuge

試卷第10頁，共62頁

System—afactthatensuresthislandwillbeprotectedandavailableforailgenerationstocome.

Since1934,betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5

millionacresofhabitat.LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthe

mostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.

28.WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmerica?

A.Lossofwetlands.B.Popularityofwatersports.

C.Pollutionofrivers.D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate“meaninthefirstparagraph?

A.Acquire.B.Export.C.Destroy.D.Distribute.

30.WhatisadirectresultoftheActpassedin1934?

A.Thestamppricehasgonedown.

B.Themigratorybirdshaveflownaway.

C.Thehuntershavestoppedhunting.

D.Thegovernmenthascollectedmoney.

31.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TheFederalDuckStampStory

B.TheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem

C.TheBenefitsofSavingWaterfowl

D.TheHistoryofMigratoryBirdHunting

【答案】28-31ACDA

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了由于棲息地減少，美國水禽驟減，因此聯(lián)邦發(fā)行鴨

票，狩獵者只有購買鴨票才能狩獵，而鴨票的部分收入進入用于購買水禽棲息地的基金，從

而保護水禽。

28.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段wMillionsofwaterfowlwerekilledatthehandsofmarkethunters

andahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeed

andhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.（數(shù)百萬只水禽

被市場獵人和一些野心勃勃的運動員殺死。數(shù)百萬英畝的濕地被抽干，以養(yǎng)活和安置不斷增

加的人口，大大減少了水禽的棲息地）”可知，數(shù)百萬英畝的濕地被抽干用作農(nóng)地或者修建住

房，導(dǎo)致水禽的棲息地減少，水禽數(shù)量下降。故選A。

29.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段aNativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnatural

resourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafew

decadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.（美洲原住民明智地保護了這些寶貴的自然

資源。不幸的是，僅僅幾十年的探險家和定居者就decimate這些資源的大部分）”可知，前

后句形成轉(zhuǎn)折，前一句陳述美洲原住民保護這些寶貴的自然資源，所以后句表示探險家和定

居者破壞了這些自然資源，推測劃線單詞表示“破壞"，與destroy同義。故選C。

30.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Since1934,betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothat

Fundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.（自1934年以來，己有超過5億美元投

入該基金，用于購買500多萬英畝的棲息地）”可知，自1934年通過法案，政府獲得超過5

億美元，已經(jīng)籌集了很多資金，以購買水禽棲息地。故選D。

31.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“UnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageand

overmustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.（根據(jù)該法案，所有16歲及以

上的水禽獵人必須每年購買并攜帶聯(lián)邦鴨章）”以及第三段“LittlewondertheFederalDuck

StampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramsever

initiated.（難怪聯(lián)邦鴨票計劃被稱為有史以來最成功的保護計劃之一）”可知，本文主要講述了

聯(lián)邦鴨票的故事，所以“聯(lián)邦鴨票的故事”可以作為文章標題。故選A。

模擬專區(qū)：做好題才有好成績！練技能，補漏洞，提分數(shù)，強信心！

（2023上?江蘇泰州?高三江蘇省興化中學(xué)校考階段練習(xí)）WhileHuawei'sofficialwebsite

doesnotcallMate60Proa5Gsmartphone,thephone'swidebandcapabilitiesareocDanwithother

5Gsmartphones,raisingarelatedquestion:Asaleaderin5Gtechnology,hasHuaweimanagedto

developa5Gsmartphoneonitsown?

Theanswerisnotsimple.Huawei,asapioneeringlobal5Gcommunicationequipment,has

playedaleadingroleinihecommercializationof5Gtechnology,withitsstrongsystemdesignand

fieldssuchasbasebandchips（基帶芯片），basebandprocessorsand5Gmodems.

However,basebandsandmodemsarenottheonlyaspectsthatdefine5Gwireless

communication.Thestabilityandhigh-qualitysignalsofa5Gsmartphonealsodependonother

criticalcomponentssuchasRFtransceivers（射頻收發(fā)器）andRFfrontendsandantennas（天線）.

ThesecomponentsarelargelydominatedbyfourUShigh-techgiants-Qualcomm,Avago

Technologies,AnsemandQorvo-whichaccountforasurprisingglobalmarketshare.

Huaweihasfacedsignificantchallengesingettingcriticalcomponentsbecauseofthesanctions

imposedbytheUnitedStateswhichareprimarilyresponsiblefortheinabilityoftheChinese

companytolaunch5Gsmartphonesinthepastthreeyears.However,Mate60Pro,despitenot

試卷第12頁，共62頁

beinglabeleda5Gdevice,exhibitsmobilenetworkspeedscomparabletoApple'slatest5G-cnablcd

devices,offeringastablecommunicationexperience.ThissuggestsHuaweihas,overthepastthree

years,overcomethe5GdevelopmentandproductionlimitsduetotheUSsanctionsbycooperating

withdomesticpartners,andestablishinganindependentandcontrollablestablesupplychain.

ConsideringthatHuaweihasnotexplicitlymarketedthisdeviceasa5Gsmartphone,itis

possiblethatitisyettofullyovercomesomekeycoretechnologicalandcomponential

shortcomings.Forthetimebeing,wecanconsiderHuawei'sMate60Proas4.99G.Butwhen

combinedwiththesatellitecommunicationcapabilitiesofMate60Pro,itisclearHuaweihasbeen

tryingtofindmoreadvancedwirelesscommunicationsolutionsforsmartphonesandmaking

significantprogressinthisattempt.Thisshouldberecognizedasaremarkableendeavor,evena

breakthrough.

i.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“onparwith“meaninParagraph1?

A.aspooras.B.asgoodas.C.worsethan.D.betterthan.

2.WhywasittoughforHuaweitodevelopa5Gsmartphonethreeyearsago?

A.Itssystemdesignandfieldsneededtobeupdated.

B.Itonlyfocusedonthecommercializationof5Gtechnology.

C.Itwasunwillingtocooper