新教材適用2024-2025學年高中英語Unit4NaturalDisasters學業(yè)質量檢測新人教版必修第一冊

UNIT4學業(yè)質量檢測第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whydoesthemanlookattheskyeveryday？BA．Toenjoyit.B．Toforeseetheweather.C．Towatchthesun.2．Whenwasthemansupposedtoarrive？AA．At735. B．At800.C．At825.3．Whatisthewomanspeakeraskingfor？CA．Moregrapes.B．Higherprice.C．Morecustomercare.4．Whydoesn'tthemanworkouttheproblem？BA．He'sstupid.B．He'soffthepoint.C．Hehasacomplexthought.5．Whatwillthewomanspeakerdotoday？CA．Takeadayoff.B．Gotoseeadoctor.C．Attendameeting.其次節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatcan'tthemaneattogrowthinner？CA．Foodwithfibre.B．Friedchicken.C．Sweetfood.7．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers？BA．Fatheranddaughter.B．Motherandson.C．Brotherandsister.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8．What'sthewomanspeaker'splan？CA．TotravelaroundAmerica.B．Tospendthevacationwithfriends.C．ToreturntoAmericatovisitherfamily.9．WhodoesthewomanspeakerhopetogotoAmerica？CA．Hergrandmother.B．Hercousin.C．Herparentsandsister.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10．Whendoestheconversationtakeplace？AA．Inthemorning.B．Intheafternoon.C．Intheevening.11．What'sMichelle'sstrongdesire？BA．Tolookalright.B．Tolookgreat.C．Tolookbig.12．What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers？CA．Bossandsecretary.B．Doctorandpatient.C．Husbandandwife.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13．Whendidthewomanfinishwritingtheletter？AA．Thismorning.B．Yesterdayafternoon.C．Lastnight.14．Whatistheletterintendedtodo？AA．Applyforaposition.B．Applyforadate.C．Showthewoman'sthanks.15．Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheletterwriting？CA．Veryeasy.B．Quitefun.C．Veryhard.16．Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers？BA．Husbandandwife.B．Teacherandstudent.C．Managerandsecretary.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．WhendidthespeakergetthegiftofaniPhone？CA．Threemonthsago.B．Twoandhalfyearsago.C．Uponhergraduation.18．Wherewasthemobilephonestolen？AA．Inthepocket.B．Inthebag.C．Onthebus.19．Whatdidthespeakerfirstdoafterthemobilephonewasstolen？BA．Callthepolice.B．Hurryhomeforanotherone.C．Cryloudly.20．Whatdoesthespeakerintendtotellus？CA．HerfavouriteiPhone.B．Herrelationshipwithherparents.C．AnunforgettableexperienceaboutherlostiPhone.聽力原文Text1W：Howoftendoyoulookatthesky?M：IthinkIlookattheskyprettymucheveryday，butmaybenotintentionally.NormallyIjusttakealookatitandseewhattheweatherislike.Text2W：HowwasthedinneratPaul'shouselastnight?M：Well，itwasOK，butImadesomemistakes.Iarrivedat800，butIwassupposedtoarrive25minutesearlier.Text3M：Wehopeyou'repleasedwiththegrapesandtheprice!W：Yes，thepriceisverycompetitiveandifyoucanguaranteeabitmore“customercare”，thenI'msurewe'llbebuyingfromyouagain.Text4W：Haveyouworkedouttheanswertothisproblem?M：Notyet.Ijustcan'tcalculatetheresult.W：Letmesee.Ah，yourcalculationiswayoffbeam.Lookhere.Text5M：Youdon'tlooktoowell.Maybeyoushouldtakeadayofffromwork.W：Icouldn'tdothat.Ihaveanimportantmeetingtogotoattendtoday.Text6M：HowcanIgrowthinner，Mum?W：Well，youhavetoeatfoodwithplentyoffibrethathelpsyoudigestbetter.Andyoushouldstopdrinkingcolaandeatingsweetfood.M：DoesitmeanIshouldn'teatmyfavouritefriedchickenanymore?W：Notexactly.Ifyoulovefriedchicken，youneedn'tgiveitup.Justeatitlessoften.Youdon'thavetoworrytoomuch—alittlefriedchickenwilldoyougood!Text7M：Now，ourvacationiscomingup.Areyougoingtogohomeandseeanyofyourfamily?W：Yeah，myplanistogobacktoAmericaandvisiteveryonethereforacoupleofweeks.Sayhellotoeveryonewhoisthere，suchasmygrandmother，mycousins，myfriendsandsoon.M：Soareyourparentsandsistergoingtobethere?W：I'mnotsure.I'mhopingthatwecancometogetherforsomekindoffamilyreunion.M：Well，Ihopeyouallmakeit.W：Thanks.Text8M：Hi，Michelle.Howareyoutoday?W：I'mprettysleepy，tobehonest.M：DidIwakeyouup?W：No，don'tworry.Iwokeupanhourago.Ihavetogooutsoon.I'mjoininganewgym.M：Youdon'tneedto.Ithinkyoulookalright.W：Idon'twanttolookalright；Iwanttolookgreat.M：Well，don'tpushyourselftoohard.Thefirstshow'stomorrow.W：Relax，Adam.Nothingbadisgoingtohappen.M：Takecare.Text9W：Goodmorning，MrSmith.MayIcomein?M：Hi.Comein.W：CouldyousparemeafewminutestogoovertheletterI'vejustwritten?YouseeI'veneverwrittenaletterinEnglishbefore，soI'veprobablymadelotsoferrors.M：OK.Pleasesitdown.What'stheletterintendedtodo?W：I'mapplyingforanappointmentasavisitingscholaratMIT(MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology)．M：Oh，that'swonderful.W：ButfordaysI'vebeenstaringatablankpieceofpaperwonderinghowtobeginandwhattosay.I'vefinallyfinishedthismorning，butIdon'tknowifit'sOK.M：Letterwritingisn'tsodifficult，thoughmanypeoplethinkitis.Alittlepracticewillconvinceyouthattowriteisaseasyastospeak.W：Well，itisn'tsoeasytospeakEnglish，either.ButIdobelievethatIcanimprovewithalotofpractice.M：Good.Let'sgoovertheletter.W：OK.Hereyouare.Text10W：IrememberabouttwoyearsagoIlostmymobilephoneonthewayhome，whichwasthelatestversionofthePhonegivenbymyparentsasmygraduationpresent.Itwasactuallyinmyhandsfornomorethanthreemonths.Iusuallyplacethemobilephoneinthebagbutthatdayafterreplyingtothetextmessagesfromafriend，Iimmediatelyputthephoneinthepocketfortheconvenience，andthenwenttothebusstationtotakeabus.Duringthetimewaitingforabus，Isuddenlyfoundthephonewasmissing！Myheartmissedseveralbeats.Ididn'trememberwhenandhowitwasstolen.Ihurriedhomeandusedanotherdevicetowipealltheurgentdatafrommyphone.Igreatlyregrettednotbeingcarefulofthethief.Forme，whatIlostwasnotjustaniPhone，butamemorablegiftwhichrepresentslovefrommyparents.其次部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AABigFloodMorethan10,000peopleweremadehomelessinTernangwhentheSungaiMasoverfloweditsbanksyesterdayaftersixdaysofcontinuousheavyrain.Thewoodenbridgeacrosstheriverhasbeenwashedaway.Thetowniscutoffbyfloodwaters.Atthefifthmile，JalanTengkn,thewateristwometersdeep.Itisclosedtoalltraffic.Floodingfirsthappenedatmid-afternoonyesterdayalongtheriverbanks.Peopletryingtogettohighergroundwerejustintimetoescapethedestroyingoftheflood.Mostofthefloodvictims(受害者)hadtoleavealltheirthingsbehind.TheNationalFloodRelief(救濟)Centerwasreportedtogiveitshelpandbyearlyeveningthewholetownwasmovedout,helpedbythearmy,police,RedCrossSocietyandvolunteers.ThefloodvictimsarenowhousedindifferentsimplereliefcentersinthenearbytownofTernang.“Everythingpossibleisbeingdonetohelptheunluckypeople，”agovernmentspokesmansaid，“Infact，money，foodandclothinghavebeguntocomeinfrompublicorganizationsandhelpfulpeople.ADisasterReliefFund(救災基金會)willbestartedassoonaspossible.”AccordingtothelatestreportsitisstillrainingheavilyatTernang.Thewholetownisexpectedtobewhollycoveredbythewater.Sofarnodeathshavebeenreported.文章大意：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了發(fā)生在特南的洪水。21．ItseemsthatthefloodhappenedjustbecauseD.A．thebanksweretoolowB．thewoodenbridgeissolidC．theriverwastoonarrowD．theyhadhadwetdaysforsometime解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第一段“Morethan10,000peopleweremadehomelessinTernangwhentheSungaiMasoverfloweditsbanksyesterdayaftersixdaysofcontinuousheavyrain.”可知，在連續(xù)6天的暴雨之后，特南發(fā)生洪水，導致1萬多人無家可歸。故選D。22．FromthepassageweknowthatC.A．thoughthetownwasflooded，youcouldstillgotherebybusB．assoonasthewaterflowedoverthebanks，peoplebegantogotohigherlandsC．thegovernmentandthewholesocietyaretakinggreatcareofthefloodvictimsD．thefloodhasn'tbroughtalargelosstothetownasnobodydiedintheflood解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第三段“TheNationalFloodRelief(救濟)Centerwasreportedtogiveitshelpandbyearlyeveningthewholetownwasmovedout，helpedbythearmy，police，RedCrossSocietyandvolunteers.(據報道，國家抗洪救災中心供應了幫助，到傍晚時分，在軍隊、警察、紅十字會和志愿者的幫助下，整個城鎮(zhèn)的人都被撤離了。)”可知，災民受到政府和社會各界的救助。故選C。23．ThispassageisprobablytakenfromD.A．astorybook B．atextbookC．amagazine D．anewspaper解析：推理推斷題。依據最終一段的內容可知，依據最新的報道，特南仍在下大雨。預料整個城鎮(zhèn)將被水完全沉沒。到目前為止還沒有死亡報告。由此可推知，本文是一篇新聞報道，最可能出自報紙，故選D。BEarthquakesusuallyhappenontheedgesoflargesectionsoftheEarth'splates.Theseplatesslowlymoveoveralongperiodoftime.Sometimestheedges,whicharecalledfaultlines,cangetstuck,buttheplateskeepmoving.Pressureslowlystartstobuildupwheretheedgesarestuckand,oncethepressuregetsstrongenough,theplateswillsuddenlymovecausinganearthquake.Generallybeforeandafteralargeearthquaketherewillbesmallerearthquakes.Theonesthathappenbeforearecalledforeshocks.Theonesthathappenafterarecalledaftershocks.Scientistsdon'treallyknowifanearthquakeisaforeshockuntilthebiggerearthquakeoccurs.Shockwavesfromanearthquakethattravelthroughthegroundarecalledseismicwaves(地震波)．Theyaremostpowerfulatthecentreoftheearthquake,buttheytravelthroughmuchoftheearthandbacktothesurface.Theymovequicklyat20timesthespeedofsound.Scientistsuseseismicwavestomeasurehowbiganearthquakeis.Theyuseadevicecalledaseismograph(地震儀)tomeasurethesizeofthewaves.Thesizeofthewavesiscalledthemagnitude.TotellthestrengthofanearthquakescientistsuseascalecalledtheMomentMagnitudeS?aleorMMS(itusedtobecalledtheRichterscale)．ThelargerthenumberontheMMS,thelargertheearthquake.Youusuallywon'tevennoticeanearthquakeunlessitmeasuresatleasta3ontheMMS.Herearesomeexamplesofwhatmayhappendependingonthescale：4．0—Couldshakeyourhouseasifalargetruckwerepassingcloseby.Somepeoplemaynotnotice.5．0—Ifyouareinacar,itmayshake.Glassesanddishesmayrattle.Windowsmaybreak.6．0—Itemswillfalloffshelves.Wallsinsomehousesmaycrackandwindowsbreak.Prettymucheveryonenearthecentrewillfeelthisone.7．0—Weakerbuildingswillcollapseandcrackswilloccurinbridgesandonthestreet.8．0—Manybuildingsandbridgesfalldown.Largecracksintheearth.9．0andup—Wholecitiesflattenedandlarge-scaledamage.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。介紹了關于地震的相關事實，如地震產生的緣由、大地震前后會有小地震、地震波的含義、地震強度的測量方式以及不同級別的地震可能會發(fā)生的一些事情。24．Ifa5.0-magnitudeearthquakehityourarea,whatmighthappen？CA．Yourhousemightshakeviolently.B．Реoplemightfeelnoshakingatall.C．Thefamilyphotomayfalloffthewall.D．Theremightbecrackseverywhereonthestreet.解析：推理推斷題。依據倒數第五段“5.0—Ifyouareinacar,itmayshake.Glassesanddishesmayrattle.Windowsmaybreak.(假如你在車里，它可能會搖擺。杯子和盤子可能會發(fā)出響聲。窗戶可能破裂。)”可知假如你所在地區(qū)發(fā)生5.0級地震，全家?？赡軙膲ι系粝聛碛锌赡馨l(fā)生。故選C。25．WhatdoestheauthormeanbysayingtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2？AA．It'sstillhardtotellforeshocksfrommainearthquakes.B．Scientistscan'texactlymeasurethestrengthofanearthquake.C．Peoplemayignoreforeshockswhenanearthquakeisnotsostrong.D．Theearthquakewon'tcauseanydamageunlessitreaches9.0MMS.解析：句義揣測題。依據其次段中的“Generallybeforeandafteralargeearthquaketherewillbesmallerearthquakes.Theonesthathappenbeforearecalledforeshocks.Theonesthathappenafterarecalledaftershocks.(一般來說，大地震前后會有小地震。之前發(fā)生的被稱為前震。之后發(fā)生的稱為余震。)”可推知直到大地震發(fā)生，科學家才真正知道這次地震是否是前震?？芍嬀€句子意思為“前震和主震仍舊很難區(qū)分”。故選A。26．ThewriterexplainstheconceptsconcerningtheearthquakebyB.A．listingexamplesB．givingexplanationsC．makingcomparisonsD．offeringdata解析：推理推斷題。依據第一段中的“Theseplatesslowlymoveoveralongperiodoftime.Sometimestheedges,whicharecalledfaultlines,cangetstuck,buttheplateskeepmoving.Pressureslowlystartstobuildupwheretheedgesarestuckand,oncethepressuregetsstrongenough,theplateswillsuddenlymovecausinganearthquake.(這些板塊在很長一段時間內緩慢移動。有時被稱為斷層線的邊緣會被卡住，但板塊仍在移動。在邊緣被卡住的地方，壓力起先漸漸增大，一旦壓力足夠大，板塊就會突然移動，引起地震。)”主要為說明地震產生的緣由，可知作者通過說明緣由的論證方式來說明白有關地震的概念。故選B。27．ThepassageiswrittenmainlytoD.A．enrichpeople'sknowledgeofself-rescueindisastersB．stresstheimportanceofearthquakerescueC．issueearlywarningsbeforeanearthquakeD．presentfactsabouttheearthquake解析：推理推斷題。依據第一段中的“EarthquakesusuallyhappenontheedgesoflargesectionsoftheEarth'splates.(地震通常發(fā)生在地球板塊的大部分邊緣。)”，以及下文主要說明白關于地震的相關學問，可知這篇文章主要是為了介紹地震的相關事實。故選D。CHurricaneHarvey.HurricaneIrma.HurricaneSandy.Thesenamesforhurricanesmightsoundlovely,butthey'renotinamess.Sohowdoscientistspickwhichnametouse?Inthebeginning,hurricanesintheWestIndieswerenamedafterthesaints'nameswhenthestormhit.Forexample,thereweretwoHurricaneSanFelipesinPuertoRico—onethathitonSeptember13,1876,andtheotherthathitonthesamedayin1928.Bythe1900s,Australianscientistsstartedanewsystem.Insteadofnaminghurricanesafterthesaints,theystartedusingwomen'snames,andtheUnitedStatesfollowedin1953.By1979,men'snameswereaddedtothelist.Later,theWorldMeteorologicalOrganization(WMO)cameupwithagroupofnamesbeforethestormshit.Thegrouphassixlistswith21nameseach—oneforeveryletterexceptQ，U，X，Y，andZ—tobeusedeachyearintheAtlantic.SosomeofthenextAtlantichurricanenamesyoucanexpecttoseeareKatia,Lee,MariaandOphelia.ThePacificHurricanegetsitsnamefromsixdifferentlists，whichincludeeveryletterexceptQandU．Everytimeastormhits,scientiststakeanamedownthatyear'slist.SosomeofthenamesforthePacificHurricanesthisyearare：Hilary,Irwin,JovaandKenneth.Oncesixyearsgoby?Thenamingstartsagainwiththefirstlist.Forexample，oneoftheAtlanticHurricaneswasArlene，andthatwillbethenameforthefirsthurricanein2024,too.Iftherehappenstobemorethan21hurricanesinoneyear(or24inthePacific)，therestwillcomefromtheGreekletters.Nowthatthelistsaremade，it'shardtochangethenames.Thelistsonlychangeifthere'saparticularlybadstorm.TheWMOdecidesifitwilltakeanynamesoffthelistduringitsmeetingeveryyear.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了颶風是如何命名的以及給太平洋和大西洋颶風命名的不同之處。28．WhatwerehurricanesnamedafterintheWestIndiesatfirst？DA．Men'snames.B．TheGreekletters.C．Women'snames.D．Thesaints’names.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據其次段第一句“Inthebeginning,hurricanesintheWestIndieswerenamedafterthesaints’nameswhenthestormhit.”可知，西印度群島的颶風最初以圣人的名字命名。故選D。29．WhichofthefollowingmaybeusedforthenameofahurricaneintheAtlantic？CA．Queen. B．Ulaina.C．Selian. D．Yachila.解析：推理推斷題。依據第三段其次、三句“Thegrouphassixlistswith21nameseach...seeareKatia,Lee,MariaandOphelia.”可知，該組織每年在大西洋上運用六份名單，每一份名單上有21個名字，除了Q、U、X、Y和Z外，每個字母都對應一個名字。結合選項可知，Selian的首字母不是以上的5個字母，所以可以用于大西洋颶風的名稱。故選C。30．Howwillthe25thhurricaneinthePacificinoneyearbenamed？AA．ByborrowingtheGreekletters.B．Bynamingafterafamousperson.C．ByusingnameslikeKatiaorOphelia.D．Bychoosinganamefromthesixlists.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第五段第四句“Iftherehappenstobemorethan21hurricanesinoneyear(or24inthePacific)，therestwillcomefromtheGreekletters.”可知，太平洋一年內的第25次颶風將借用希臘字母命名。故選A。31．Whatcanweknowaboutthenamelistsofhurricanes？DA．Theycan'tbereused.B．TheyweremadebyAmericanscientists.C．Theycan'tbechanged.D．TheyaredifferentinthePacificandtheAtlantic.解析：推理推斷題。依據第三段其次句“Thegrouphassixlistswith21nameseach—oneforeveryletterexceptQ，U，X，Y，andZ—tobeusedeachyearintheAtlantic.”可知，大西洋颶風運用六份名單，每一份名單上有21個名字，除了Q、U、X、Y和Z外，每個字母都對應一個名字。依據第四段第一句“ThePacificHurricanegetsitsnamefromsixdifferentlists,whichincludeeveryletterexceptQandU．”可知，太平洋颶風的名字來自六個不同的名單，除了Q和U之外的每個字母都包括在內。由此可推知，太平洋和大西洋的颶風名單是不同的。故選D。DFiressweepingacrosstheAmazonrainforestrecentlyhavebeenmakingtheheadlinesasscientistsandenvironmentalgroupsareworriedthattheywillworsenclimatechangecrisisandendangerbiodiversity(生態(tài)多樣性)．Asthelargestrainforestintheworld，theAmazonrainforestisoftencalled“thelungsoftheworld”．Itisalsohometoabout3millionspeciesofplantsandanimals,and1millionlocalpeople.Thevastareaofrainforestplaysanimportantroleintheworld'secosystembecauseitabsorbsheatinsteadofreflectingheatbackintotheatmosphere.Italsostorescarbondioxideandproducesoxygen，ensuringthatlesscarbonisreleased,reducingtheeffectsofclimatechange.“Anydestructionofforestisadangertobiodiversityandthepeoplewhousethatbiodiversity，”ThomasLovejoy，anecologistatGeorgeMasonuniversitytoldNationalGeographic.“Thegreatdangeristhatalotofcarbongoesintotheatmosphere，”hestressed.“Inthemidstoftheglobalclimatecrisis,wecannotaffordmoredamagetoamajorsourceofoxygenandbiodiversity.TheAmazonrainforestmustbeprotected，”UNSecretaryGeneralAntonioGuterressaid.DatafromtheNationalInstituteforSpaceResearchshowthatatotalof71,497forestfireswereregisteredinBrazilinthefirst8monthsof2024,upfrom39,194inthesameperiodin2024.“WeestimatethattheforestareasintheBrazilianAmazonhavedecreasedby20to30percentcomparedtothelast12months，”CarlosNobre，aresearcherattheUniversityofSaoPaulo，toldGermanbroadcasterDeutschewelle.Brazilownsabout60percentoftheAmazonrainforest,whosedegradation(惡化)couldhavesevereconsequencesforglobalclimate.Theextentofthearearuinedbyfireshasyettobedetermined，buttheemergencyhasgonebeyondBrazil'sborders.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了雨林火災造成嚴峻的后果以及愛護亞馬孫熱帶雨林的迫切性。32．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout？AA．ThegreatroleoftheAmazonrainforest.B．Theeffectsofconsistentclimatechange.C．Thecausesofthedecreasingbiodiversity.D．TheresultsoftheAmazonrainforestfires.解析：段落大意題。依據其次段第一句中的“theAmazonrainforestisoftencalled‘thelungsoftheworld’”以及第三句中的“Thevastareaofrainforestplaysanimportantroleintheworld'secosystem”可知，亞馬孫熱帶雨林被稱為“地球之肺”，廣袤的雨林在世界生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中扮演著重要的角色。由此可知，其次段主要講亞馬孫雨林的重要作用。故選A。33．Whydoestheauthormentionthefiguresinthefourthparagraph？DA．Toexplaintheprocessoftheresearch.B．Topresentthebadinfluenceofforestfires.C．Toprovethegreatimportanceoftherainforest.D．Toshowtheurgencyofprotectingtherainforest.解析：推理推斷題。依據第四段中的“atotalof71,497forestfireswereregistered...in2024”可知，2024年前8個月巴西森林火災的數量比2024年前8個月多很多。再依據第四段中的“theforestareasintheBrazilianAmazonhavedecreasedby20to30percentcomparedtothelast12months”可知，巴西亞馬孫河流域的森林面積比過去12個月削減了20%到30%。由此可推知，作者提到第四段中的數字是為了說明愛護雨林的迫切性。故選D。34．Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthepassage？CA．Thedryweatherleadstotherainforestfires.B．Thebiodiversitymakestherainforestunique.C．Therainforestfiresresultinseriousconsequences.D．Theglobalclimatecrisisbringsmorerainforestfires.解析：推理推斷題。依據第三段中的“Anydestructionofforestisadangertobiodiversityandthepeoplewhousethatbiodiversity”可知，雨林火災威逼生物多樣性和人類生活；再依據最終一段中的“Brazilownsabout60percentoftheAmazonrainforest，whosedegradation(惡化)couldhavesevereconsequencesforglobalclimate.”可知，巴西擁有大約60%的亞馬孫雨林，其惡化會對全球氣候有嚴峻后果。由此可推知，作者旨在告知我們，雨林火災會造成嚴峻后果。故選C。35．Whichsectionofanewspapermightthispassageprobablybetakenfrom？BA．Cultureandlife.B．Natureandgeography.C．Humankindandsociety.D．Scienceandtechnology.解析：推理推斷題。依據第一段中的“theywillworsenclimatechangecrisisandendangerbiodiversity(生態(tài)多樣性)”和其次段中的“Thevastareaofrainforestplaysanimportantroleintheworld'secosystem”并結合全文內容可推知，本文講解并描述的是亞馬孫雨林火災及其嚴峻后果，所以本文最有可能摘自報紙的自然地理部分。故選B。其次節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)依據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Inmostsituations,youcanprotectyourselfifyouimmediately：DROPdownontoyourhandsandkneesbeforetheearthquakeknocksyoudown.Thispositionprotectsyoufromfallingbutallowsyoutostillmoveifnecessary.36.CIfthereisnoshelternearby,getdownnearaninteriorwallornexttolow-lyingfurniturethatwon'tfallonyou,andcoveryourheadandneckwithyourarmsandhands.HOLDONtoyourshelter(ortoyourheadandneck)untiltheshakingstops.37.GIfyouareinside,stayinside.DONOTrunoutsideortootherroomsduringanearthquake.Youarelesslikelytobeinjuredifyoustaywhereyouare.38.DIfpossible,withinthefewsecondsbeforeshakingbecomesstrong,quicklymoveawayfromglass,hangingobjects,bookcases,orotherlargefurniturethatcouldfall.39.BIfavailablenearby,catchsomethingtoprotectyourheadandfacefromfallingbrokenbitsandglass.Ifyouareinthekitchen,quicklyturnoffthestoveandtakecoveratthefirstsignofshaking.Ifyouareinbed,holdonandstaythere,protectingyourheadwithapillow.40.E.Brokenglassonthefloorcancauseinjuriesifyouwalkorrollontothefloor.A．Herearesometipsforyoutofollow.B．Watchforfallingobjects,suchaslightfixtures,wallhangings,highshelves,andsoon.C．COVERyourheadandneck(andyourentirebodyifpossible)underastrongtableordesk.D．Toreduceyourchancesofbeinghurt,takethefollowingactions：E．Youarelesslikelytobeinjuredstayingwhereyouare.F．Runoutsidewhenitisnecessary.G．Bepreparedtomovewithyourshelteriftheshakingshiftsitaround.文章大意：本文是一篇科普小品文。講地震中如何愛護自己的各種方法，是教材唐山大地震的延長閱讀，具有較強的好用性。解析：36.從本空下一句“Ifthereisnoshelternearby,getdownnearaninteriorwallornexttolow-lyingfurniturethatwon'tfallonyou”我們可以推斷這里講的應當是找有堅實物體的地方能愛護好自己。故選C。37.這一空上一句講要抓住遮擋物，接下來就應當講假如遮擋物發(fā)生移動，你也應當隨之移動，以接著獲得愛護。故選G。38.這一句要連接上下文，文章接著講的都是在各種狀況下如何執(zhí)行自我愛護的方法。故選D。39.接著上一句“Ifpossible,withinthefewsecondsbeforeshakingbecomesstrong,quicklymoveawayfromglass,hangingobjects,bookcases,orotherlargefurniturethatcouldfall.”要盡量遠離可能落下的物體。故選B。40.這一空上一句講“Ifyouareinbed,holdonandstaythere,protectingyourheadwithapillow.”待在原地，愛護好頭部，所以接著應當講待在原地，受傷的概率小。故選E。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。“Justsignhere,sir，”thedeliveryman(送貨員)saidashehandedOscarReynaapackage.Thepackageconsistedof(包括)along,narrowbox41.Bwrappedinbrownpaper.42.Athebox,Oscarsawanumbrellainside—averyoldonewithabeautifullycarved(雕刻)handle.43.Dhehadnotseenitformorethan20years,herecogniseditimmediately.Oscarwas16whenhefirstsawthe44.Bumbrella.Hehadgonetoaconcertwithhisgrandparents.Astheywereleaving,henoticedanumbrellaonanemptyseat.Impressedbyits45.A,Oscarfeltastrongdesiretofinditsowner.Oscar46.Cthemanagertolookintherecordofadvanceticketsales.Justashethought,anamematchedtheseat47.DOscarhadfoundtheumbrella.ThenamewasMrs.KatieO'Brien.OscartalkedhisgrandparentsintogoingbyMrs.O'Brien'shouseontheirwayhome.Herangthebell,thedooropened,andanelderlywomanappeared.“MayI48.Byou？”sheasked.“I'dliketoreturnitifit'syours，”O(jiān)scarsaid,49.Dtheumbrellaasifpresentingagiftthathadlongbeenwishedfor.“Why,yes!it'smine，”repliedMrs.O'Brienwitha50.Asmileandshiningeyes.“Itwasgiventomebymyfatheryearsago.Thankyousomuchforreturningit.MayIofferyouarewardforyour51.B？”“No,ma'am.”hesaid,“mygrandmothersaysthatagooddeedisitsownreward.”“Well,that's52.Cwhatmyfatherusedtosay.Whatisyourname,youngman？”Yearslater,OscarwasstaringatthefinelycarvedhandleoftheumbrellaasherememberedMrs.O'Brien.Itwasinperfectcondition,consideringhow53.Aitwas.Whyhaditarrivedheretoday?Asif54.D,anotefellfromthepaper.Itread:Mrs.O'Brienwantedyoutoacceptthisumbrellaasapresentforakind,55.Cgesturelongago.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了Oscar拾金不昧，撿到別人的傘之后專程還給失主，很多年之后又收到失主贈送傘的故事。這個故事告知了我們——善有善報。41．A.strictly B．carefullyC．seriously D．roughly解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：包袱里有一個又長又窄的盒子，用牛皮紙細致地包著。strictly“嚴格地”；carefully“細致地”；seriously“肅穆地”；roughly“粗略地”。依據下文“averyoldonewithabeautifullycarved(雕刻)handle”可知，此處指這把傘雖然很久，但是雕刻精致沒有損壞，所以裝傘的盒子應當是被細致地包著。故選B。42．A.Opening B．SeizingC．Packing D．Searching解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Oscar打開盒子，看到里面有一把傘——一把很舊的傘，傘柄上雕刻著精致的花紋。Opening“打開”；Seizing“抓住”；Packing“包裝”；Searching“搜尋”。依據下文“Oscarsawanumbrellainside”可推知，此處指Oscar打開包袱的盒子，看到了里面的傘。故選A。43．A.After B．WhenC．Since D．Although解析：考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然他已經有20多年沒見過它了，但他立刻就認出了它。After“在……之后”；When“當……時候”；Since“自從”；Although“雖然”。依據下文“hadnotseenit”和“recognised”的對比關系，可推知，此處指雖然Oscar有20多年沒見過那把雨傘了，但是還是馬上認出來了。故選D。44．A.ordinary B．unusualC．amazing D．formal解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Oscar16歲時第一次看到這把不尋常的雨傘。ordinary“一般的”；unusual“不尋常的”；amazing“令人驚異的”；formal“正式的”。依據上文“43hehadnotseenitformorethan20years,herecogniseditimmediately.”可推知，這把傘是很不尋常的，所以才給Oscar留下了深刻的印象，讓他馬上認出來。故選B。45．A.beauty B．shapeC．size D．history解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它的漂亮給Oscar留下了深刻的印象，Oscar劇烈地渴望找到它的主子。beauty“漂亮”；shape“形態(tài)”；size“尺寸”；history“歷史”。依據第四段中的“averyoldonewithabeautifullycarved(雕刻)handle”和下文最終一段“Yearslater,Oscarwasstaringatthefinelycarvedhandleoftheumbrella”可推知，此處指這把傘很美，讓Oscar印象深刻。故選A。46．A.ordered B．forcedC．advised D．encouraged解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Oscar建議經理查看事先的門票銷售記錄。order“吩咐”；force“強迫”；advise“建議”；encourage“激勵”。結合下文“themanagertolookintherecordofadvanceticketsales”可推知，此處指Oscar建議經理查看事先的門票銷售記錄。故選C。47．A.that B．beforeC．which D．where解析：考查定語從句關系詞。句意：正如他所想，Oscar找到放雨傘的座位上有一個名字。that“那個”；before“之前”；which“哪一個”；where“在那里”。分析句子結構可知，“Oscarhadfoundtheumbrella”為定語從句，修飾先行詞“theseat”，關系詞在從句中作地點狀語，應用關系副詞where引導該從句。故選D。48．A.request B．helpC．trouble D．know解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我能幫你嗎？”她問。request“懇求”；help“幫助”；trouble“麻煩”；know“知道”。依據上文“Herangthebell,thedooropened,andanelderlywomanappeared.”可推知，此處指Oscar按響了門鈴，因此開門的人問他是否須要幫助。故選B。49．A.puttingup B．givingoutC．pickingup D．holdingout解析：考查動詞短語辨析。句意：“假如是你的，我想還給你，”O(jiān)scar說著，遞出了傘，似乎送出了一件盼望已久的禮物。putup“供應”；giveout“分發(fā)”；pickup“撿起”；holdout“遞出”。依據上文“returnit”以及下文“asifpresenting”可推知，此處指Oscar把傘像一件禮物一樣遞給了老婦人。故選D。50．A.wide B．confidentC．curious D．positive解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“哎呀，是的！它是我的，”O(jiān)'Brien夫人回答說，眼睛閃閃發(fā)光，臉上綻開絢麗的笑容。wide“寬的”；confident“自信的”；curious“新奇的”；positive“主動的”。依據下文“smileandshiningeyes”可推知，此處指O'Brien夫人臉上露出絢麗的微笑。固定搭配“widesmile”意為“絢麗的微笑”。故選A。51．A.honour B．kindnessC．courage D．determination解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我可以答謝你的好意嗎？honour“榮譽”；kindness“善意”；courage“志氣”；determination“決心”。依據上文“offeryouareward”可推知，