2024-2025學(xué)年北京市房山區(qū)10月高三上冊月考英語檢測試題（附答案）

2024-2025學(xué)年北京市房山區(qū)10月高三上學(xué)期月考英語檢測試題一、閱讀理解1、Whenlookingforsomevacationideastospreadoutandgetsometimeandcetoyourself,checkoutthesegreatresortsoptions.HyattZivaCapCanaLocatedinPuntaCana,thisfamily-friendlyvacationatanall-inclusiveresortofferssomethingforeveryoneinyourparty.Parentscanenjoyrelaxingbyoneoftheresort'sswim-upbarsinaninfinitypoolorheadoutforsomedeep-seafishing.Kids,meanwhile,canheadovertothekids'clubforanumberofactivities.Plus,allofthedrinksandfoodacrossthe14restaurantsandbarsisincluded.BeachesTurks&CaicosThisresorthasbecometheCaribbean'spopulargo-towhenitcomestoall-inclusivefamilyvacationsthatprovidegreatvaluesincethere'ssomuchtodoforguestsofallages.There'sa45,000-square-footwaterpark,24restaurants,unlimitedPADI-certifiedscubadivingandwatersports,a12-milebeach,a,10pools—whew!TheAlisalGuestRanchIfyouliveinthecityandwanttogetbacktonature,thisluxuryfarmovernearly11,000acresinCalifornia'sSantaYnezValleyisaperfectfitforafamily.Allthatwide-opencemeansactivitieslikehorsebackriding,sceniccycling,hiking,fishing,kayakingand,forthebody-and-spirit-mindedtravelerinyourgroup,yoga.MontagePalmettoBluffThe20,000-acrecommunityincludesanaturepreservewithwalkingtrails,buttherealstarsoftheshowherearetheover300speciesofbirds.Theresort'sresidentnaturalisttakesfamiliesonwalkstoBirdIsland,sharingahistoryofthearea.Plus,kidswilllovethekayaktoursthatgetupclosetothedolphinsthatlivethereyear-round.(1)Whichattractsthoseinterestedinhorseback-riding?A.HyattZivaCapCana.B.BeachesTurks&Caicos.C.MontagePalmettoBluff.D.TheAlisalGuestRanch.(2)Whatdothefourattractionsshare?A.Theypromisegoodfoodservices.B.Theyhavelargehistoricarchitecture.C.Theyofferactivitiesforparentsandchildren.D.Theyincludevariouskindsofkids'clubs.(3)Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toorganizesomefamilyparties.B.Tohighlightsometouristresorts.C.Tointroducesomenaturereserves.D.Tostimulatesomedomesticneeds.2、MovingforcesustofacetheTAL#NBSPextraneous.Filecabinetsanddrawersstuffedtothebrim,boxespiledhighinthebacksofclosets—whykeeplettersandcardsthatweneverre-read?Onecardwithmygrandmother'shandwritingshouldbeenough.Anunnervingyetproductivestrategyistoenvisionsomeonedealingwiththepilesofpapersifyousuddenlyweren'there.Youinstantlyrealizethatmostofyouraccumulationwillonedaybethrownintoarecyclingbin.Thethingsyouaresavingasremindersofyourpastareuselesstoothers.Sure,youmayvaluewhatyoukeep,butworthisessentiallyallinyourhead.Inarealsense,tothrowthingsawayistopreparetodie.Thisisnotagloomydeclarationbutratheranenliveningrecognitionofthefreedomthatfollowswhenwetakeourselveslessseriously.It'sthesameaslookingataskyfullofstarsandfeelingthereliefofbeingtinyandunimportant.Awarenessofthebriefnessofourtimeonearthandtheimpermanenceofbothourattachmentsandoursufferingscanbecomeapowerfulbasisforclearingthingsandemotionsalike.Afewyearsago,dearfriendswerecalledhomefromworktoabigfire.Theywatchedastheirhouseburnedtotheground,despitetheeffortsofseveralfirecrews.Everythingmaterial,cherishedthings,andaccumulationswerereducedtoashes—clothes,photoalbums,furniture,paintings,books,boxesofoldletters,thepiano.Bynightfall,whattheyhadleftweretheclothestheyhadwornthatdayandthephotostheyhadkeptattheirworkplaces.Atfirst,theyfeltcompletelycollapsed,butoncetheyemergedfromtheinitialshockandgrief,theyweresustainedbyalotoflovefromfamilyandfriends.Theywerealive,andthisiswhatreallymattered.Itisastonishingtodiscoverhowlittleweightourpossessionscarryinthiscalculusoftruenecessity.(1)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"extraneous"meaninParagraph1?A.Invaluable.B.Irrelevant.C.Suitable.D.Necessary.(2)Whatmaytheauthoragreewithaboutthevalueofone'saccumulation?A.It'suseless.B.It'sessential.C.It'spersonal.D.It'srecyclable.(3)Howcanonebeprepared"tothrowthingsaway"accordingtoparagraph3?A.Byrecognizingtheburdenoffreedom.B.Bylettingoneselffadeintoinsignificance.C.Bybeingawareofthepreciousnessoftime.D.Bytreasuringtheattachmentsandsufferings.(4)Whydoestheauthormentionhisfriends'story?A.Todemonstratethecrueltyofafire.B.Tostresstheweightourpossessionscarry.C.Toemphasizetheimportanceoflovefromfriends.D.Toshowtheinsignificanceofourpossessions.3、Beepingalarmsinhospitalsarealife-or-deathmatter—butwithsomanygoingoffallthetime,medicalprofessionalsmayexperiencealarmfatiguethatimpairs（損傷）care.Researchersnowreportthatchanginganalarm'ssoundtoincludepropertiesofmusicalinstrumentscanmakeitmorehelpfulinthenoisyclinics.Beepingalarmscansoundupto300timesadayperpatientinU.S.hospitals,butonlyasmallpercentagerequireimmediateaction.DatafromtheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministrationsuggestthatalarmfatigue(includingwhencliniciansturnedofforforgottorestartalarms)andotheralarm-relatedissueswerelinkedto566deathsoverfiveandahalfyears.In2015DoctorSchlesingerandSchutz,amusiccognitionresearcher,beganexaminingmusicalqualitiescalledtimbres（音質(zhì)）thatmightletsoftersoundscommandattentionfrombusyclinicians.Theyfoundthatsoundswitha"percussive"timbre,manyofwhichcontainshortburstsofhigh-frequencyenergy—suchaswineglassesclinking—standoutevenatlowvolume.Incontrast,loud,"flat"tonesthatlackhigh-frequencycomponents,likeareversingtruck'sbeep,getlost.Theresearchershavesincecontinuedtoconductexperimentsinwhichparticipantsevaluatedifferentsoundsandmelodiesforannoyance,detectabilityandrecognizability.Forarecentstudytheyplayedparticipantsthesamesetsofnoteswithvaryingtimbres.Theyfoundthesoundsthatmadethesesetsleastannoying,withnodecreaseinrecall,werepercussiveandhadcomplex,time-variedharmonicovertones(themanycomponentswithinasinglesound)likeaxylophone'sping（木琴聲）.Theresearchersnowaredrawinginspirationfromthetimbresofotherinstruments:thetriangle,forexample,famouslystandsoutinacrowdofsoundspossiblybecauseithasovertonesthatdepartfromtraditionalharmonicseries.Suchfindingscouldleadtoalarmsthatcommandattentionandfitintocurrentregulatoryguidelines.MichaelRayo,whostudiescognitivesystemsdesignattheOhioStateUniversity,saysthatcomplexsoundslikethoseinstrumentsinthestudyavoidtradingdetectabilityforrecognition.Experimentingwithtimbre,hesays,"furthersourunderstandingofaspectsthatcanimproveperformanceinhospitalalarms."(1)Whatisthepointofchanginganalarm'ssoundinhospitals?A.Curingmorepatients.B.Makingalarmsmoreeffective.C.Reducingthegoingoffofalarms.D.Includingfeaturesofmusicalinstruments.(2)Whatcanbecalledasoundwitha"percussive"timbre?A.Therollofadistantthunder.B.Thebeepofareversingtruck.C.Theringingsoundofawind-bell.D.Thesoundofaworkingair-conditioner.(3)Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Researchingtimbreensuresperfectperformanceofalarms.B.Percussivesoundsalonemadethesetsofnotesleastannoying.C.Trianglesstandoutbecauseoftheirtraditionalharmonicseries.D.Alarmswithinstrumentalsoundsareprobablydetectableandrecognizable.(4)Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.HospitalIssuesB.MusicalInstrumentsC.PercussiveTimbreD.MusicalAlarms4、Everydecisionwemakeisarrivedatthroughhugelycomplexneurologicalprocessing.Althoughitfeelsasthoughyouhaveachoice,theactionthatyou'decide'totakeisentirelydirectedbyautomaticneuralactivity.Brainimagingstudiesshowthataperson'sactioncanbepredictedbytheirbrainactivityupto10secondsbeforetheythemselvesbecomeawaretheyaregoingtoact.Multipleneuroscientificstudiesshowthateventhoseimportantdecisionsthatfeelworkedoutarejustasautomaticasknee-jerkreactions(althoughmorecomplex).Decision-makingstartswiththeamygdala:asetoftwoalmond-shapednuclei（杏仁狀核）burieddeepwithinthebrain,whichgenerateemotion.Theamygdalaregisterstheinformationstreaminginthroughoursensesandrespondstoitinlessthanasecond,sendingsignalsthroughoutthebrain.Theseproduceanurgetorun,fight,freezeorgrab,accordingtohowtheamygdalavaluesvariousstimuli.Beforeweactontheamygdala'ssignals,however,theinformationisusuallyprocessedbyotherbrainareas,includingsomethatproduceconsciousthoughtsandemotions.Areasconcernedwithrecognitionworkoutwhat'sgoingon,thoseconcernedwithmemorycompareitwithpreviousexperiences,andthoseconcernedwithreasoning,judgingandplanninggettoworkonconstructingvariousactionplans.Thebestplan—ifwearelucky—isthenselectedandcarriedout.Ifanyofthisprocessgoeswrong,wearelikelytohesitate,ordosomethingsilly.Thevariousstagesofdecision-makingaremarkedbydifferenttypesofbrainactivity.Fast(gamma)waves,withfrequenciesof25to100Hz,produceakeenawarenessofthemultiplefactorsthatneedtobetakenintoaccounttoarriveatadecision.Ifyouaretryingtochooseasandwich,forinstance,gammawavesgeneratedinvariouscellswithinthe'taste'areaofthebrainbringtomindandcomparethetasteofham,hummus,wholemeal,sourdough,andsoon.Althoughitmayseemusefultobeawareofthefullrangeofchoice,toomuchinformationmakesdecision-makingmoredifficult,soirrelevantfactorsgetdismissedquicklyandunconsciously.Afterthiscomparisonstage,thebrainswitchestoslow-waveactivity(12to30Hz).Thisextinguishesmostofthegammaactivity,leavingjustasingle'hotspot'ofgammawaveswhichmarksthechosenoption.Althoughthereisno'you'outsideyourbraintodirectwhatit'sdoing,youcanhelpittomakegooddecisionsbyplacingyourselfinasituationwhichislikelytomaketheprocessrunmoresmoothly.Doingsomethingthatisphysicallyormentallystimulatingbeforemakingadecisionwillhelpyourbrainproducetheinitialgammawavesthatgenerateawarenessofthecompetingoptions.Gettingover-excited,ontheotherhand,willpreventtheswitchtotheslowbrainwaves,makingitmuchhardertosingleoutachoice.(1)Whydoesthewritermention"knee-jerkreactions"inthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethefindingofthelatestbrainimagingstudies.B.Toillustratethatdecisionsarenotconsciouslythoughtout.C.Tocallattentiontoakindofneuralreactionthatisnotverycomplex.D.Toshowthedifferencebetweendecision-makingandotherbrainactivity.(2)Whatdoestheamygdaladoaccordingtothepassage?A.Itworksoutconsciousthoughtsandemotions.B.Itselectsthebestactionplanforagivensituation.C.Itdismissesfactorsthatareirrelevanttothedecisiontobemade.D.Itprocessessensoryinformationandgeneratesemotionalresponses.(3)Whatcanbeconcludedfromparagraphs4and5?A.Slow-waveactivityusuallylastslongerthanfast-waveactivity.B.Thebrainprioritizesinformationbeforesettlingonafinalchoice.C.Decision-makingisdifficultwhenslow-waveactivityoccursfirst.D.Thebrainneedsasmuchinformationaspossibletomakeadecision.(4)Howdoesengaginginstimulatingactivitieshelpthedecision-makingprocess?A.Bypreparingthebraintosingleoutthemostreasonablechoice.B.Byhelpingthebrainswitchtoslow-waveactivitymorequickly.C.Bygettingthebraintofocusonthosemostrelevantalternatives.D.Bymakingthebrainmoreawareofthefactorsandchoicesinvolved.二、信息匹配5、閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch,butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.

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,butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople'swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood,reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.What'smore,indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive.Whatareindoorplants?Indoorplants,alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants,areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.ManyofthesespeciesarenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.

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.Whyareindoorplantsgoodforyou?WillSpoelstra,whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens,says,"

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.Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood."Severalstudieshavebackedthisupandfoundthatindoorplantscanimprovecreativity,focusandmemory.Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.

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.Whichplantscanyougrow?Aloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresomeofthespeciesthatareeasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuyplantsfromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants."

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,"Spoelstrasays."Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople'slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature."(1)

A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil'sivyareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding(2)

A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil'sivyareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding(3)

A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil'sivyareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding(4)

A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil'sivyareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding(5)

A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil'sivyareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding三、完形填空6、MichaelSurrellandhiswifehadjustparkedthecarwhentheygotacallfromtheirdaughter:"Thehousenextdoorisonfire!”Heinstantlywentto

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andsawanoldwomancried."Thebabyisinside!""Thebaby"was8-year-oldTiaraRoberts,thewoman's

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.Thoughthefiredepartmenthadbeencalled,Surrell

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rushedintotheburninghouse.Thethick

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causedhimtostumbleblindlyaroundandmadeitimpossibleto

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.Afterafewminutesinthesmoke-filledhouse,hemovedoutsideto

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hisbreath."WhereisTiara?”heasked

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."Thesecondfloor,"hergrandmashoutedback.Takingadeepbreath,Surrellwentinasecondtime.Becausethehousehada

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layouttohis,hefoundthestairseasilyandmadeittothesecondfloor.Butthedarknesswas

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.Allhecouldfeelwasthecracklingandpoppingofburningwood.Thenasoftbut

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moanemerged.Hecrawledtowardthesound,feelingaroundforany

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ofthelittlegirl.Finally,he

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something.HescoopedTiaraintohisarms,

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throughthesmoke.Fortunately,SurrellmanagedtohelpTiaraout,shewas

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fromthehospitalafterafewdays.However,ThefireworsenedSurrell'spulmonary（肺的）condition,whichhesufferedbefore,andhefeelstheeffectseventwoyearslater."It'sasmall

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topay,"hesays."Iwoulddoitagainwithoutasecondthought."(1)

A.investigate B.witness C.appreciate D.instruct (2)

A.niece B.granddaughter C.cousin D.daughter (3)

A.consciously B.immediately C.casually D.calmly (4)

A.smoke B.mist C.dust D.smog (5)

A.escape B.distinguish C.breathe D.see (6)

A.hold B.save C.waste D.catch (7)

A.randomly B.cautiously C.nervously D.desperately (8)

A.opposite B.similar C.different D.familiar (9)

A.thrilling B.challenging C.overwhelming D.threatening (10)

A.firm B.loud C.distinct D.sharp (11)

A.track B.symbol C.sound D.sign (12)

A.touched B.found C.explored D.got (13)

A.breaking B.struggling C.going D.running (14)

A.rescued B.transported C.suspended D.released (15)

A.price B.bill C.check D.fine 四、語法填空7、閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Int'lhorticulturalexpoattractsworldwidegreenfingerstoChengduTheInternationalHorticulturalExhibition2024kickedoffonFridayinChengdu,

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uniquenaturalgeographyprovidesthelushurbanenvironmentwithgreeneryallyearroundanddiverseflowersineachseason.Withakaleidoscope（萬花筒）ofhorticulturaltechnologiesandgardenartsfromhomeandabroad

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(showcase)duringtheevent,itoffersacomprehensiveandon-site"101handbook"forgardeningdevoteesworldwide.Theexpo,whichlasts186days,emphasizesgreen,low-carbon,sustainableand

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(include)principles.Theeventbringstogetherhundredsoftop

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(exhibit)andleadingcompaniesfrommorethan30countries.Apartfromthe39internationalgardensoftheworld'smajorstylesofgardendesign,multipleChinesecitiesdemonstratetheirownarchitecturalandgardeningfeatures.Visitorscanbeimmersed

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averdantcanvasoftreesandgrass,

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(intoxicate)withthecaptivatingculturalessenceoftheOrientalphilosophyofliving.Theexpoisexpected

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(make)morecitizensfeelthebeautyofnatureandholdthecommonbelief

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thesolutiontofuturecrisesliesinplantsandnature,Briercliffe,secretarygeneralofAIPH,noted.

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(grow)flowersandevenvegetablesathomeisnotonlyaneffectivewaytoimproveone'squalityoflifeintheconcretejunglebutasignificanteconomicopportunitythat

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(contribute)toruralrevitalizationandecologicaldevelopmentintoday'sworld.五、書面表達(dá)8、假定你是李華，你即將在英語課的自由討論環(huán)節(jié)發(fā)言。請你寫一篇發(fā)言稿與同學(xué)們分享你在英語學(xué)習(xí)中的一個好習(xí)慣及你的受益情況。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。9、閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Oneofthemostdifficultrealitiesabouttheteachingprofessionisthatweseldomknowifwehavemadeadifference.WhenIbecomediscouragedaboutmyjob,mystudentsormyself,Ioftenthinkbacktooneparticulardayofmyteachingcareer.Myfirstyearofteachingwasalmostover.ItaughtjuniorEnglishatMilfordHighSchoolonaone-yearcontract.IhadabrightgroupofstudentsandIwasgratefulforthat.However,astheendoftheschoolyeardrewtoaclose,mystudentscontinuallyaskediftheregularteacherwouldbereturning.Itriedtorespondwithlittleemotion.Deepdown,though,IwasmorebotheredbyleavingthanIadmitted.Finally,thedaycametogivemylastfinalexam.Ipassedtheofficebeforethebellrangandsawacoupleofthestudentsfrommyclass,andIthoughthowdifficultsayinggood-byewouldbe.TheywereagroupwithwhomIcouldjoke,havefunandshareideas.Teachingthemwasapleasure,andweallhadlearnedalotthatyear.But,assuccessfulstudentsdo,theyweremovingontotwelfthgrade,andIdoubtedtheywouldremembermuchaboutmeafterafewmoreyearsoftheiracademiccareersandbusylives.JustaboutthistimeIwasonhalldutyoutsidemyclassroom,andInoticedthecrowdsthinningoutandclassroomdoorsshutting.Ilookedinmyroomtofindonlytwostudentsinattendance.WhenIcommentedthatitwasawfullystrangethattheirclassmatesweresolate,theyagreedandthenquicklyaskedtogetadrinkoutside.Thehallwaywasawfullyquiet.Iwalkeddownthehallseveraltimestoseeifanyonewascoming.Suddenly,Iheardfootstepscomingdownthehall.Iwasannoyedthataftersuchagreatyearwiththesekids,Iwould—ontheirlastdaywithme—havetogivethemalectureaboutresponsibility.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Paragraph1:Isighedandthenobservedthemcomingpeacefullytowardsmewithsomethingintheirhands.

Paragraph2:Istoodaloneoutsidemyclassroomwiththeroses,thinkingabouttheirtouchingwordsonthecards.