2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語UNIT5LANGUAGESAROUNDTHEORLDSectionⅡDiscoveringUsefulStructures課時作業(yè)含解析新人教版必修第一冊

PAGEPAGE7課時作業(yè)22[基礎(chǔ)檢測]eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ.單詞拼法)1．Everyonehasadifferentopinion(看法)onthesubject.2．ThePresident(總統(tǒng))oftheUnitedStatesvisitedChinalastyear.3．Herfriendsandrelatives(親戚)attendedthewedding.4．Sheputasoftblanket(毛毯)overthelittlechild.5．Shestartedsingingtothebabyandwasrewarded(回報)withasmile.6．Thecruelty(殘忍)ofhiswordscutherlikeaknife.7．Themurdererwassentenced(判決)todeath.8．Shelivesinterror(恐驚)oflosingherjob.9．Hewaseducated(教化)intheUSandthenatOxford.10．Shebegged(懇求)thatsheshouldbeallowedtogo.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ.單句語法填空)1．Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothofwhichhavebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.2．Abankistheplacewheretheylendyouanumbrellainfairweatherandaskforitbackwhenitbeginstorain.3．ItwasApril29,2001whenPrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremony.4．Thedaysaregonewhenphysicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.5．JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allofwhichshespokefluently.6．Wedon'tknowthereasonwhyhedidn'tshowup.7．Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcentrewithhersisterwhereshewouldstayforanhour.8．—CanyoubelieveIhadtopay30dollarsforahaircut?—Youshouldtrythebarber'swhereIgo.It'sonly15.9．Thenewlybuiltcafé，thewallsofwhicharepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,speciallyafterhardwork.10．Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyofwhomlefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.11．Shedidn'ttellmethereasonwhysherefusedtheoffer.12．Mozart'sbirthplaceandthehousewherehecomposed“TheMagicFlute”arebothmuseumsnow.13．It'shelpfultoputchildreninasituationwheretheycanseethemselvesdifferently.14．Isthisthereasonwhyherefusedtodiscussthematterwithus?15．StephenHawkingbelievesthatearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanetwherelifehasdevelopedgradually.[實力提升]eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ.閱讀理解)Amothergoatisabletopickoutherownbabyfromitsvoicealonebythetimethekidisjustfivedaysold.ResearchersfromUniversityofLondonplayedkids'“Amotherandthekidrelyalotonsmelltorecognizeoneanotherand，inthewild，duringthefirstweekoftheirlives，theanimalshideingrassanddon'tcallmuch.It'sastrategytheyusetoavoidenemies，”DrElodieBriefer，wholedtheresearch，explainedtoBBCNews.“Themothercallstothekidswhenshewantsthemtocomeandfeed，soweexpectedthatkidswouldrecognizethemothers'voices.”Infact，thiswasthecasefordeer，whichalsousethishidingstrategy，althoughtheydonotbelongtothesamefamilyofspeciesasgoats.Sheandherteamrecordedandplayedbackyoungkids'callstothefemalegoatsandrecordedtheirresponses.Sheexplained，“Evenwhenthecallscamefromkidsthatarefivetosixdaysold，wecouldseethemothersrespondingmoretothevoicesoftheirownbabies.”Hearingthevoiceoftheirownkids，thefemaleswouldlooktowardsthespeakerthatthesoundwascomingfrom，movingaroundandcallinginresponse.Thescientistssaythatunderstandinghowgoatsbehaveandcommunicateisveryimportant.“Thishelpsusunderstandjusthowsmarttheseanimalsare，”saidDrBriefer.“Farmersmightbeabletochangetheirwaytoraisegoatsconsideringthisnaturalbehaviour.”文章大意：這是一篇新聞報道。短文報道了母山羊能夠從小山羊?qū)殞毎l(fā)出的叫聲中辨別出自己的孩子。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bleats”mean?A．Habits. B．Voices.C．Responses. D．Videos.答案：B解析：詞義揣測題。由其次段“ResearchersfromUniversityofLondonplayedkids'bleatstofemalegoatsandstudiedtheirresponses.Theyweresurprisedtofindthattheanimalswereabletopickouttheirownkids'voices.”可知，來自倫敦高校的探討人員對母山羊播放小羊的叫聲，并探討它們的反應(yīng)。他們驚異地發(fā)覺，這些動物能夠辨別出自己孩子的聲音。所以畫線單詞bleats是voices“聲音”的意思。故B選項正確。2．Duringthefirstfewdaysofthebabydeer，themotherandthekidmainlydependon________torecognizeeachotherwhentheyarehidingingrass.A．voice B．touchC．videos D．smell答案：D解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“Amotherandthekidrelyalotonsmelltorecognizeoneanotherand，inthewild，duringthefirstweekoftheirlives...Infact，thiswasthecasefordeer...”可知，在小羊誕生的第一周，在野外時，羊媽媽和小羊依靠氣味來彼此識別對方……事實上鹿也是這種狀況。所以在小鹿誕生的幾天內(nèi)，母鹿和小鹿躲在草叢里，主要靠氣味來分辨對方。故D選項正確。3．Intheexperiment，whatdoesamothergoatdowhenhearingherkids'voice?A．Makingvoiceinresponse.B．Jumpingoverandover.C．Hidingherselfsomewhere.D．Behavingjustasusual.答案：A解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第四段“Hearingthevoiceoftheirownkids，thefemaleswouldlooktowardsthespeakerthatthesoundwascomingfrom，movingaroundandcallinginresponse.”可知，聽到自己孩子的聲音時，母羊會看著發(fā)出聲音的揚(yáng)聲器，四處走動，并以叫聲做出回應(yīng)。所以在試驗中，母羊聽到自己孩子的聲音時，會以聲音回應(yīng)。故A選項正確。4．Thepassageismainlywrittenfor________toread.A．teachers B．writersC．farmers D．lawyers答案：C解析：推理推斷題。由最終一段“Farmersmightbeabletochangetheirwaytoraisegoatsconsideringthisnaturalbehaviour.”可知，考慮到羊的這種自然行為，農(nóng)夫或許可以變更他們養(yǎng)羊的方式。所以推斷出，這篇短文主要是寫給農(nóng)夫，供他們閱讀的。故C選項正確。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ.完形填空)TheEnglishlanguageisdifferentfromanyotherlanguage.YetEnglishwordsdonotstaythe__1__.Theyarealways__2__.Peopleneed__3__wordsfornewinventionsandnew__4__.Differentwordscomeinto__5__，orolderwordsareusedinanew__6__.Englishcanchangeby__7__wordsfromotherlanguages.Tomatowasborrowed__8__MexicoandpajamasfromIndia.Thewordcoffee__9__fromTurkey,andteacamefromChina.Now，newspaceandsciencewordsarebeingborrowedfromothercountries,__10__.Newwordsarealsomade__11__addingtwowordstogether.Strawberry,popcorn,andgrandfatherarewordsmadeupof__12__parts.Sometimesnewwordsare__13__formsofolderwords.Thewordphotowasmadefromphotographbycuttingoffthe__14__ofthelongerword.Planewasmadebycuttingoffthe__15__partofairplane.Smogwasmadebyusingonlythefirsttwoandlasttwo__16__fromthewordssmokeandfog.The__17__ofpeopleandproducts__18__becomenewwords.Oursandwichwasnamed__19__amannamedSandwich.ScotchTape,Band-aid,andJellowerenamesmadeupbythecompaniesthatfirst__20__theproducts.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章說明英語不同于其他任何一種語言，它不是一成不變的。其中許多單詞來自其他語言。1．A.oldB．placeC．past D．same答案：D解析：通過其次段的提示“Englishcanchange...”以及第三、四段的內(nèi)容可知。英語詞匯不是一成不變的。2．A.adding B．makingC．changing D．borrowing答案：C解析：由文章的其次、三、四段內(nèi)容以及該空格前一句的提示可以看出，語言是始終在變更的。3．A.many B．newC．mixed D．difficult答案：B解析：由該句中的“newinventionsandnew...”可以看出，當(dāng)新獨(dú)創(chuàng)出現(xiàn)時，須要新的詞匯對它進(jìn)行命名。4．A.ideas B．clothesC．jobs D．years答案：A解析：該空與前面的inventions相對應(yīng)。當(dāng)新獨(dú)創(chuàng)、新想法出現(xiàn)時，要有新的詞匯與之相對應(yīng)。5．A.books B．useC．life D．science答案：B解析：comeintouse為固定短語，意為“起先被運(yùn)用”。6．A.way B．mannerC．grammar D．thought答案：A解析：語言的發(fā)展給予原有的詞匯新的含義。inanewway“用一種新的方式”。7．A.borrowing B．lendingC．moving D．sucking答案：A解析：由下文的提示“Tomatowasborrowed...”可以看出，有的英語詞匯是從其他語言借鑒而來的。8．A.in B．fromC．to D．between答案：B解析：由下文的“fromIndia”可以看出，“Tomato”借自墨西哥的語言。9．A.came B．borrowedC．went D．brought答案：A解析：由后文的“camefromChina”可以看出該空答案為efrom“來自”。10．A.either B．yetC．too D．a(chǎn)lready答案：C解析：由空格所在句可以看出，與太空和科學(xué)相關(guān)的新詞匯也正在借鑒他國語言。too表示“也”時可用逗號將其與句子的其他部分隔開。11．A.with B．fromC．through D．by答案：D解析：by表示“通過某種方式”，符合該句語意。12．A.seven B．elevenC．two D．ten答案：C解析：依據(jù)該句中所給的合成詞可以看出，這些詞都是由兩個詞構(gòu)成的。13．A.shorter B．simpleC．easier D．proper答案：A解析：由后文所舉的例子photo是photograph的簡寫形式可以看出，有的新詞匯是由舊詞匯縮短而來的。14．A.beginning B．endC．middle D．bottom答案：B解析：photo是將photograph的后半部分去掉后形成的新詞。theendof“……的末尾”。15．A.back B．behindC．front D．a(chǎn)bove答案：C解析：plane是將airplane的前半部分去掉后形成的。16．A.parts B．lettersC．words D．sounds答案：B解析：smog是由smoke的前兩個字母和fog的后兩個字母組合而成，故該空選letters。17．A.spelling B．charactersC．a(chǎn)ddresses D．names答案：D解析：后文講解并描述的是各種產(chǎn)品的名稱，故該空應(yīng)選擇names。18．A.can B．can'tC．should D．must答案：A解析：由后文sandwich這個名字來自人名Sandwich可以看出，人名也可以成為新詞。19．A.to B．a(chǎn)fterC．by D．on答案：B解析：benamedafter為固定搭配，表示“以……命名”。20．A.did B．gotC．made D．invented答案：C解析：that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾thecompanies，而公司與這些產(chǎn)品的關(guān)系應(yīng)當(dāng)是“生產(chǎn)”，即該句中所提到的產(chǎn)品的名字均來自首先制造這些產(chǎn)品的公司。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ.語法填空)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Eliaswasborninthe20thcenturywhentheblackpeoplewereputintoamiserableposition__1__theyhadnorightsatall.Elias，likemostblackpeopleinSouthAfrica，hadlittle__2__(educate)andwasworried__3__whetherhewouldbecomeoutofwork.Thiswastheveryreason__4__hemetMandela.Mandelaalwaysencouragedhimnottoloseheart.Atthattime，blackpeoplehadnorightsof__5__(vote)．Theycouldn'tgetjobstheywanted.Thepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.Theyweresenttothepoorareas__6__noonecouldgrowfood.NelsonMandelaorganizedtheANCYouthLeaguetofightagainstthe__7__(govern)．Theyfirstbrokethelawina__8__(peace)way.Whenitwasnotallowed，theydecidedtoanswerviolencewithviolence.SoEliasjoinedtheANCYouthLeague，helpingNelsonMandelablowupsomegovernment__9__(build)．Elias__10__(strong)bel