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Module4MusicⅠ.閱讀理解Doyoulistentothesongsthatyourparentslike?Greatchancesarethatyoudon't.Youprobablythinkthemusicthattheylikeisoldanddullandthatthesongsonyourplaylistaremuchcooler.Buthereiswhatscientistsfoundrecently:people'smusictasteschangeastheyage,accordingtoastudypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology.Soit'slikelythatyourownmusicpreferencewillfollowasimilarpathtoyourparents'whetheryoulikeitornot.Weusedtothinkthatcultureandpersonalityaretheonlyfactorsthataffectone'schoiceofmusic.ButresearchersattheUniversityofCambridge,UK,gathereddatafrommorethan250,000peopleoverthepast10years.Theynoticedthataspeopleage,theirsocialcircumstanceschange,andsodotheirmusictastes.Therearethreemusicalperiodsthatpeoplepassthroughastheymature—“intense”,“contemporary”and“sophisticated”.Thefirstperiodcomesintheteenageyears,duringwhichtimepeoplelikeintensemusicsuchaspunkandrockbecauseteenagerstendtobeaggressiveandwanttoestablishtheiridentityasindependentindividuals.Butaspeoplemoveintoearlyadulthood,theirlifestylechanges—theysocializemoreandwanttobuildcloserelationshipswithothers.Asaresult,theybecomefonderofcontemporarymusic,suchaspopandR&B,whichusuallymakespeoplehappyandisdanceableandisplayedatpartieswherepeoplehangouttogetherandchat.Whenmiddleagecomes,thingshavesettleddownformostpeople.Thisperiodwillbedominated(支配)bymoresophisticatedmusic,suchasjazzandclassicalmusic,aswellascatchiermusiclikecountry,folk,andblues.“Formany,thislifestageisfrequentlyexhaustedbyworkandfamily,andtherearerequirementsofrelaxing,emotive(有感染力的)music,”JasonRentfrow,amemberoftheresearchteam,toldTheTelegraph.Butyoumustbethinking,“Aren'tthereoldpeoplewhoarestillintorockmusic?”O(jiān)fcoursethereare.ButRentfrowexplainedthattheirreasonsforlisteningtorockmusicmayhavechanged.“Weusemusicfordifferentreasons,”hesaid,andthusatthatagepeoplemaylistentoremindthemselvesoftheiryouth.本文是一篇說明文,介紹了年齡對(duì)人們的音樂喜好的影響。1.Whydochildrenusuallylikedifferentsongsfromtheirparentsaccordingtothepassage?A.Childrenprefercoolmusic.B.Musictasteschangewithage.C.Parents'songsarealwaysdull.D.Parentshavebettersocialcircumstances.答案:B解析:考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)其次段中的“Buthereiswhatscientistsfoundrecently:people'smusictasteschangeastheyage”可知,人們的音樂喜好隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而改變,故孩子和他們的父母喜愛不一樣的音樂。2.Middleageisaperiodwhenpeople________.A.haveanaggressivegoalB.likepopandR&BC.desirecloseconnectionswithothersD.leadastressfullife答案:D解析:考查推理推斷。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的“Formany,thislifestageisfrequentlyexhaustedbyworkandfamily,andtherearerequirementsofrelaxing,emotive(有感染力的)music”可知,對(duì)許多人來(lái)說,這個(gè)人生階段常常為工作和家庭所累,故可推知中年人過著有壓力的生活。3.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Oldpeopledon'tlikerockmusic.B.Musiccanserveasareminder.C.Rockmusicmakesoldpeopleyounger.D.Listeningtorockmusicneedsreasons.答案:B解析:考查推理推斷。依據(jù)最終一段中的“‘Weusemusicfordifferentreasons,’hesaid,andthusatthatagepeoplemaylistentoremindthemselvesoftheiryouth”可知,人們聽音樂可能是為了使他們想起他們的青年時(shí)期,故可推知音樂可以令人回想起過去。4.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Whydopeoplelikemusic?B.Howcanyouimproveyourmusictalent?C.Whatinfluencespeople'smusictastes?D.Whydodifferentpeoplelikedifferentmusic?答案:C解析:考查主旨大意。通讀全文尤其是其次段中的“Buthereiswhatscientistsfoundrecently:people'smusictasteschangeastheyage”可知,文章主要告知我們,人們的音樂喜好隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而改變。所以文章主要是圍繞“什么影響了人們的音樂喜好”綻開的,故選C。Ⅱ.概要寫作閱讀下面短文,依據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。3Dprinting:thefutureoffoodproduction?3Dprintingisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.Peopleandbusinessesareabletocreatethethingstheyneedveryquicklyandeasilyusing3Dprinters.Butcanyouimagineprintingfood?Somescientistsaretryingtoupdatethediningexperiencebydoingthis.Theyhopethathavinga3Dprinterinthekitchenwillbecomeascommonplaceasthemicrowaveorblender(攪拌器).Scientistssaythatitiseasytouse:yousimplyhavetoselectarecipeandputtherawfood‘inks’intotheprinter.Youcanalsoadjusttheinstructionstomakethefoodexactlyhowyouwantit.Thismeansthatitwouldbeveryquickandeasytocreatetastyandnutritiousmeals.Using3Dprinterstocreateyourmealswouldalsobesavingtheenvironment.Therewouldbelessneedfortraditionalgrowing,transportingandpackagingprocessesasfoodproductionwouldbealotmoreefficient.Printingfoodcouldalsohelppeoplewhosufferfromaswallowingdisorder.Theycouldprogramtheprintertoprintsofterversionsoftheirfavouritefoodssothattheywouldnothavetroubleswallowingthem.However,somepeoplethinkthat3D-printedfoodwouldbeadisaster.Itcouldtakeawaymanyjobs,includingthoseforgrowing,transportingandpackagingfood.Imagineaworldwheretherewasnoneedforfarmingorgrowingcropsandthesametastesandtexturescouldbeprintedfromarawfood‘ink’.Likewise,traditionalcafésandrestaurantsmightlosebusiness.Also,thereareconcernsaboutthenutritionalvalueofprintedfood:isitreallypossibletogetthenutrientsweneedfromit?What'smore,cookingandeatingtogetherwithfamilyandfriendshaslongbeenatraditionalandenjo
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