福建省中考英語題型專項復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解真題剖析

...wd......wd...完美整理...wd...福建真題剖析類型一選擇型閱讀理解第一節(jié)閱讀下面A、B、C、D四篇短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最正確答案。AMyinterestincookingstartedwhenIwas11,partlythankstomymother.Shedidn'treallylikecookingandwhenshedidcook,Ididn'tlikeherfood.OnceIwaswatchingsomethingaboutcookingonTVandIthoughtIcoulddothis,soIwenttothebookstoreandlookedforthebiggestcookbookIcouldfind.Duringayear,Ihadproducedmostofitsrecipes(食譜)andwasreadyforabiggerchallenge(挑戰(zhàn)).IwantedtocreatemyowndishesandIstartedcookingformorepeoplethanjustmyfamily.Tomyjoy,myparentsallowedmetobuildatestkitchen.Ididmuchcookingtotestmydishesinitandmyskillimprovedquickly.Later,mymomandIsetupadinnerclubthatorganizedmonthlyeventsinsidemyhome.Nowasateenchef(主廚),Ihavealsocookedintop-classrestaurantsaroundthecountry.Iamnotdoingitforthemoney,butbecauseIlovecooking.NowIknowthatwhenyoustopcaringwhetheryou'llbefamousordowell,yourdreamwillcometoyou.46．Thewriterisnow．A．a(chǎn)TVstarB．a(chǎn)newsreporterC．a(chǎn)well-knownbooksellerD．a(chǎn)goodchef47．Whatmadethewriterbegintocook?A．Hisparents'wish.B．Thecustomers'advice.C．Hismother'sdeliciousfood.D．TheinformationaboutcookingonTV.48．Afterproducingmostoftherecipesinthecookbook,thewriterwantedto．A．takecookinglessonsB．writehiscookbookC．makenewdishesofhisownD．openarestaurant49．Theunderlinedword“it〞inParagraph2refersto(指代)“〞．A．thebookstoreB．a(chǎn)testkitchenC．a(chǎn)dinnerclubD．thecountry50．Whatisimportantforthewriter?A．Findingagoodjob.B．Makinglotsofmoney.C．Doingwhatheloves.D．Becomingfamous.【答案及解析】46．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Nowasateenchef(主廚),Ihavealsocookedintop-classrestaurantsaroundthecountry.Iamnotdoingitforthemoney，butbecauseIlovecooking.〞可知，現(xiàn)在作為一名青少年廚師，作者也在全國頂級餐館里做過飯，但是作者不是為了人民幣而做，而是因為喜歡烹飪。因此作者現(xiàn)在應(yīng)是一名好廚師，應(yīng)選D。47．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“OnceIwaswatchingsomethingaboutcookingonTVandIthoughtIcoulddothis,soIwenttothebookstoreandlookedforthebiggestcookbookIcouldfind.〞可知，有一次，作者正在看電視上的烹飪，作者認(rèn)為他也能做到這一點，所以他去書店尋找他能找到的最大的烹飪書。因此作者應(yīng)是通過看電視才開場烹飪的，應(yīng)選D。48．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Duringayear,Ihadproducedmostofitsrecipes(食譜)andwasreadyforabiggerchallenge(挑戰(zhàn)).IwantedtocreatemyowndishesandIstartedcookingformorepeoplethanjustmyfamily.〞可知，在一年的時間里，作者制作了大局部的食譜，并準(zhǔn)備迎接更大的挑戰(zhàn)，他想自己做菜，也開場為更多的人做飯，而不僅僅是他的家人。因此作者在試過烹飪書中大局部的食譜之后，想要自己制作新的菜肴。應(yīng)選C。49．B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)前一句“Tomyjoy,myparentsallowedmetobuildatestkitchen.Ididmuchcookingtotestmydishesinitandmyskillimprovedquickly.〞可知，令作者快樂的是，他的父母允許他建造一個測試廚房，他做了很多菜來測試，因此他的技能很快就提高了。由此可推測，it指的是一個試驗廚房，應(yīng)選B。50．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Nowasateenchef(主廚),Ihavealsocookedintop-classrestaurantsaroundthecountry.Iamnotdoingitforthemoney，butbecauseIlovecooking.〞可知，現(xiàn)在作為一名青少年廚師，作者也在全國頂級餐館里做過飯，但是作者不是為了人民幣而做，而是因為喜歡烹飪。再根據(jù)最后一段中的“NowIknowthatwhenyoustopcaringwhetheryou'llbefamousordowell,yourdreamwillcometoyou.〞可知，現(xiàn)在作者知道當(dāng)他不再關(guān)心他是否會知名或做得好時，他的夢想就會降臨到他身上。因此，做他喜歡做的事情很重要。應(yīng)選C。

BJackieiswritingasummary(總結(jié))andfeedbackaboutSchoolDaytohisteacher.51．Thetextiswrittento．A．giveareportB．haveSchoolDayC．collectopinionsfromvisitorsD．holdameetingwithteachers52．WhatweresoldinTina'sgroup?A．Schoolpostcards.B．Chinesepaintings.C．Recyclingbags.D．Homemadesnacks.53．Howdidthevisitorsfeelabouttheactivities?A．Disappointed.B．Satisfied.C．Worried.D．Surprised.54．Howmanystudentsliketherecyclingbagsaccordingtothefeedback?A．50.B．25.C．15.D．10.55．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheactivities?A．NickwastheleaderofGroup1.B．Twenty-fourstudentsofferedtheirfeedback.C．Thepostcardswerecheap.D．Studenthelperswhodidwellcangetprizes.

【答案及解析】51．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Jackieiswritingasummary(總結(jié))andfeedbackaboutSchoolDaytohisteacher.〞可知，Jackie正在寫關(guān)于學(xué)校生活的總結(jié)和反響。因此本文章是一篇報告，應(yīng)選A。52．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二組里的“Chinesepaintings(Leader:Tina)〞可知Tina小組賣中國畫，應(yīng)選B。53．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Opinionsfrom100studentshavebeencollected.Moststudentsthoughttheactivitiesweregood.However,somestudentsthoughtthepricesoftheschoolpostcardswerealittletoohigh.〞可知，已經(jīng)收集了100名學(xué)生的意見，而大多數(shù)學(xué)生認(rèn)為這些活動很好，因此他們是滿意的，應(yīng)選B。54．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Opinionsfrom100studentshavebeencollected.〞可知收集了100名學(xué)生的意見，再結(jié)合柱狀圖可看出recyclingbags占50%，所以50名學(xué)生喜歡收集袋子，應(yīng)選A。55．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Haveameetingwiththeheadmasteraboutprizesforexcellentstudenthelpers.〞可知與校長就優(yōu)秀學(xué)生助手的獎金問題舉行會議，因此做得好的學(xué)生助手可以得到獎品，應(yīng)選D。

CBirthorder—doesitmatter?Areyoudifferentbecauseyouarethefirst,second,orthirdchildinyourfamily—ormaybethelastofnine?Astudyfoundthatfirst-bornshaveanaverage(平均的)IQthatisthreepointshigherthanpeoplewhofallintoadifferentplaceinthebirthorder,perhapsbecausefirst-bornsoftenhelpyoungerbrothersandsisters,whichimprovestheirownskills.In2007,aninternationalorganizationofCEOsfoundthat43%ofCEOsarefirst-borns,33%aremiddlechildren,and23%arelast-borns.First-bornsaremorelikely(可能的)tobedoctorsandastronautsandgethigherpay.Iffirst-bornsaremoresuccessful,last-bornsaregenerallymoreagreeable.Theyarealsomorelikelytobefunny,possiblytogetattentionfromallthebiggerpeopleatthedinnertable.MarkTwainandStephenColbertwereboththeyoungestinlargefamilies,andJimCarreywastheyoungestoffour.Accordingtoa2007Timemagazinearticle,“ThePowerofBirthOrder，〞last-bornsaremorelikelytobeartistsandsuccessfulbusinessmen.Thentherearethemiddlechildren;wehavenotignored(無視)them!Manymiddlechildrenareshortofone-on-onetimewiththeirparents.Theyoftenfeelshort-changed:theoldestgetsmorerights,andtheyoungestis“spoiled(寵壞)．〞Thoughtheymaybeignored,middlechildrenaremorelikelytogrowintoeasygoingadults.Manyfactors(因素)makeuswhoweare,butiftheresearchiscorrect,birthordermaybeoneofthemostimportantfactors.56．WhoismostlikelytobeaCEO?A．Afirst-born.B．Asecond-born.C．Athird-born.D．Alast-born.57．WhatcanwelearnaboutJimCarrey?A．Hewaslikelytobegivenlowpay.B．Hewaslikelytobeagreeable.C．Hewasafirst-born.D．Hewasamiddlechild.58．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“short-changed〞inParagraph4probablymeaninChinese?A．受虧待的B．受控制的C．受寵愛的D．受歡迎的59．Wecanlearnfromtheresearchthatbirthorder．A．hasnoinfluenceonIQB．mattersalotatthedinnertableC．maydecidewhoweareD．isafactorinmakinguspowerful60．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．WhereIsYourPlaceintheFamily?B．WhoImprovesYourSocialSkills?C．WhatMakesYouSuccessfulinLife?D．HowCanYouGrowintoaBigMan?

【答案及解析】56．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的43%ofCEOsarefirst-borns可知43%的CEO是家庭當(dāng)中第一個出生的孩子，故答案選A。57．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Iffirst-bornsaremoresuccessful,last-bornsaregenerallymoreagreeable.Theyarealsomorelikelytobefunny,possiblytogetattentionfromallthebiggerpeopleatthedinnertable.MarkTwainandStephenColbertwereboththeyoungestinlargefamilies,andJimCarreywastheyoungestoffour.〞可知，如果第一批出生的人更成功，那么最后的孩子通常更容易相處，他們也更可能滑稽，可能會引起餐桌上所有年長的人的注意。MarkTwain和StephenColbert都是大家庭中最年輕的，而JimCarrey也是四個當(dāng)中最小的，因此JimCarrey可能是最容易相處的，故答案選B。58．A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后面的“theoldestgetsmorerights,andtheyoungestisspoiled(寵壞的).Thoughtheymaybeignored,middlechildrenaremorelikelytogrowintoeasygoingadults.〞可知，最大的人得到更多的權(quán)利，最年輕的人被寵壞了，雖然他們可能被無視，但中間的孩子更容易成長為隨和的成年人。因此short-changed應(yīng)該是被無視，即被虧待的，故答案選A。59．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Manyfactors(因素)makeuswhoweare,butiftheresearchiscorrect,birthordermaybeoneofthemostimportantfactors.“可知，許多因素決定我們成為什么樣的人，但如果研究正確，出生順序可能是最重要的因素之一。因此出生順序可能決定我們將成為什么樣的人，故答案選C。60．A標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文中的第一段“Birthorder—doesitmatter?Areyoudifferentbecauseyouarethefirst,second,orthirdchildinyourfamily—ormaybethelastofnine〞可知，出生順序有關(guān)系嗎你是不是因為你是家里的第一個、第二個或第三個孩子而不同呢或者還是九個孩子中的最后一個再根據(jù)后面文章描述，可知本文主要講述在家庭中的位置，故答案選A。

D(2018·福建中考A卷)ManyChinesepeoplewillwonderwhatpresentstogetfortheirmomsonMother'sDay,butnotmanyknowMother'sDayisactuallyafestivalfromoverseas.Mother'sDayoriginated(起源)inAmericaduringtheearly20thcentury.ThefestivalspreadtoChinaasearlyasthe1980sandwaswidelyaccepted.WhydidaforeignfestivalbecomepopularinChina?Infact,Chinesetraditionalculturehasalwaysencouragedfilial(孝順的)devotiontoparents.TherearemanystorieswhichshowfilialrespectinancientChina.Forexample,thestoryof“TasteLiquid(液體的)MedicineforMother〞tellsusthefilialvirtue(美德)ofEmperorWenoftheWesternHandynasty.Hismotherhadbeensickforthreeyears.Heoftenstayedupbyherbedsideandcaredforherdayandnight.Hetastedtheliquidmedicinefirstbeforeshedrankit.Also,motherloveisarepeatedsubjectinChineseancientpoems,like“SongofthePartingSon〞byMengJiao,apoetoftheTangdynasty.Nowthispoemisstillamustintheschooltextbooks.ChildreninChinaarebroughtupwiththeeducationoffilialdevotion.Onspecialdays,peopleoftenuserosesorforget-me-notstoexpresslove.Carnationsareconsideredastheperfectflowersformothersaroundtheworld,butfewknowthatChinahasitsownflowerformothers—thetigerlily.Loveformotherscanhavedifferentwaysofexpression.Whatmattersmostislove,notthefestivalitself.Whatmotherstrulywantisperhapsjustasimpleexpressionoflovefromtheirchildren.61．WhendidMother'sDayspreadtoChina?A．Inthe1920s.B．Inthe1980s.C．IntheWesternHandynasty.D．IntheTangdynasty.62．Whatisthepoemof“SongofthePartingSon〞mainlyabout?A．ThefilialvirtueofEmperorWen.B．Caringfortheold.C．TraditionalChinesemedicine.D．Amother'sloveforherson.63．Mother'sDayispopularinChinamainlybecauseof．A．itswidespreadinmanycountriesB．ourancientstoriesofrespectingparentsC．ourtraditionalculturalvaluesD．itssimplewayofexpressinglove64．WhatisregardedastheChineseownflowerforamother?65．WhatamothertrulywantsonMother'sDaymaybe．A．a(chǎn)bigdinnerB．a(chǎn)celebrationpartyC．greetingsofthefestivalD．expensivepresents【答案及解析】61．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ThefestivalspreadtoChinaasearlyasthe1980sandwaswidelyaccepted.〞可知被傳到中國并廣泛被人們所承受大約在20世紀(jì)80年代，故答案為B。62．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Also,motherloveisarepeatedsubjectinChineseancientpoems，likeSongofthePartingSon'byMengJiao，apoetoftheTangDynasty〞可知，《游子吟》講的是母親對兒子的愛，故答案為D。63．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“WhydidaforeignfestivalbecomepopularinChina?Infact，Chinesetraditionalculturehasalwaysencouragedfilial(子女的)devotiontoparents〞可推斷，母親節(jié)在中國受歡迎是因為它正好和我們傳統(tǒng)文化中的孝道一致，故答案為C。64．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“...fewknowthatChinahasitsownflowerformothers—thetigerlily.〞可知答案為D。65．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Whatmotherstrulywantisperhapsjustasimpleexpressionoflovefromtheirchildren.〞可知答案為C。

(2018·福建中考B卷)Naturalscenesoftenbecomethethemesofpoetry.Poetswatchnaturecloselyandpresent(呈現(xiàn))itsbeautyintheirpoems.Forexample,poetsmaydescribenaturalscenessuchasaspringdayorasnowyday.Besides,poetsoftenexpresstheirfeelingsaboutnaturebycreatinglivelyimages(形象)inpoems.Withimages,poetscandescribethedetails(細(xì)節(jié))ofsomethingcolorfullyandclearly.Readers,ontheotherhand,canconnecttheirownexperienceswiththeimagesinthepoemssothattheycansharethepoets'ideas.Nowlet'sreadthepoem“WhoHasSeentheWind〞Whenwereadthelines“Whentheleaveshangtrembling〞and“Whenthetreesbowdowntheirheads，〞theyremindusofawindyday.Thepoetsuccessfullycreatesanimageofthewindbydescribingdetailsofthescene.Thesehelpreadersthinkofthemomentwhenthewindpassesby.Wemightevenbowourownheads,imaginingthatwearethetrees.Inthepoem“Night，〞Blakedescribesmanydetailsofanightscene.Peopleknowverywellwhattheycanseeatnight,likestarsorthemoon.However,Blakeseesmorethanjustthemoonitself;heseesthemoonasaflower,smilingatusfromupinthesky.Sothemoonisreallycomparedtoaflowerandpersonified(擬人化)asasmilingperson.61．What'sthepurposeofwritingParagraph1?A．Tohaveanargument.B．Tohaveadiscussion.C．Togiveanintroduction.D．Togiveasuggestion.62．Whichpicturebestdescribestheunderlinedpartinthepoem“WhoHasSeentheWind〞63．sitsandsmilesonthenightinthepoem“Night〞．A．ThesunB．ThestarC．ThebirdD．Themoon64．Whatdothetwopoemshaveincommon?①Seeingnaturalscenesashumans.②Usingimagination.③Praisingthesamenaturalscene.④Describingdetailsofthescenes.⑤Creatingimagesbyhearingandtouching.A．①③⑤B．②③④C．①②④D．①②⑤65．Howdoesthewriterpresentthetexttous?A．Bygivingexamples.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Byusingpersonifications.D．Byaskingquestions.

【答案及解析】61．C寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Naturalscenesoftenbecomethethemesofpoetry.Poetswatchnaturecloselyandpresent(呈現(xiàn))itsbeautyintheirpoems.〞可知，自然景物往往成為詩歌的主題，詩人密切注視自然，在詩歌中呈現(xiàn)它的美。因此第一段主要是做一個介紹，應(yīng)選C。62．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whenwereadthelines‘Whentheleaveshangtrembling’and‘Whenthetreesbowdowntheirheads，’theyremindusofawindyday〞可知，當(dāng)我們閱讀詩句“當(dāng)樹葉飄動〞和“當(dāng)樹垂下它們的頭〞時，它們提醒我們是刮風(fēng)的一天，應(yīng)選B。63．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二句中的“heseesthemoonasaflower,smilingatusfromupinthesky〞可知，他把月亮看作一朵花，從天上向我們微笑，因此在詩“夜〞中月亮在晚上坐著微笑。選D。64．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whenwereadthelines‘Whentheleaveshangtrembling'and‘Whenthetreesbowdowntheirheads，'theyremindusofawindyday〞可知，當(dāng)我們閱讀詩句“當(dāng)樹葉飄動〞和“當(dāng)樹垂下它們的頭〞時，它們提醒我們刮風(fēng)的一天；再根據(jù)最后一段中的“heseesthemoonasaflower,smilingatusfromupinthesky〞可知，他把月亮看作一朵花，從天上向我們微笑。①以人的身份看到自然風(fēng)光；②使用了想象；③稱贊同一自然場景；④描述風(fēng)光的細(xì)節(jié)；⑤通過聽覺和觸覺創(chuàng)造想象。③⑤不是兩首詩的共同點，因此①②④正確，選C。65．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A項為舉例說明；B項通過比照；C項通過使用擬人D項通過提問。作者列舉了“WhoHasSeentheWind〞(《誰曾見過風(fēng)》)和“Night〞(《夜》)兩首詩分享自然美景和作者的思想，應(yīng)該是通過舉例說明，選A。類型二復(fù)原型閱讀理解第二節(jié)閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的五個選項中選出能填入短文空白處的最正確選項，使短文通順、連貫，意思完整。E(2018·福建中考A卷)Weshouldnotusemorewaterthanweactuallyneed.Ifwedo,wewillnothaveenoughwaterinthefuture.66Itisnotadifficultquestiontoanswer.Ifweremovemorefreshwaterthannaturereplaces,wehavetakentoomuch.Manycitiesruncampaigns(運動)togetpeopletostopwastingwater.Theyshowthemwaystheycancutbackonwateruse.67What'smore,theycarryoutprogramsthatoffermoneytoreducewateruse.Forexample,theygivepeopleshowerheadsandtoiletsthatuselesswater.68Anotherthreat(威脅)toourwatersupplyispollution.Whenoursourcesoffreshwatergetpolluted,wecannolongerusethiswater.Thisalsoendangers(危及)theanimalsthatdependonthewater.69Wecansavelotsofwaterbynotlettingtaps(水龍頭)runwhilewebrushourteethorbyturningofftapsrightafterwashinghands.Bycollectingcoldwaterwhenwe'retakingwarmshowers,wecanalsosavewater.70Inthisway,wecanmakefulluseofwater.A．However,justhowmuchistoomuch?B．Thereareseveralthingswecandotosavewater.C．Finally,theymakelawstocontroltheuseofwater.D．Wedon'thavetoletthecoldwaterrununtilitgetswarm.E．Theyalsoincreasewaterbillsforpeoplewhousetoomuch.【答案及解析】66．A推理判斷題。聯(lián)系上下文可知，此處應(yīng)是談?wù)撍Y源的多少，因此A項符合題意。67．E推理判斷題。根據(jù)上一句“Theyshowthemwaystheycancutbackonwateruse.〞可知，此處談?wù)摰膽?yīng)是防止浪費水的方法，因此E項符合題意。68．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)上一句中的“theygivepeopleshowerheadsandtoiletsthatuselesswater〞可知，此處談?wù)摰氖枪?jié)約水的具體方法，且根據(jù)上文中的“What'smore〞可知，空處位于本段的末尾，因此C項符合題意。69．B推理判斷題。根據(jù)本段的表達(dá)可知，本段主要講節(jié)約用水的另外一些方法，故B項符合題意。70．D推理判斷題。根據(jù)上一句“Bycollectingcoldwaterwhenwe'retakingwarmshowers,wecanalsosavewater.〞可知，在洗熱水澡的時候收集冷水也可以節(jié)約用水，空處承接上一句，應(yīng)是不要讓冷水一直流，直到水變暖，故D項符合題意。

(2018·福建中考B卷)GreenHomecampaigners(發(fā)起者)reallylovethenaturalworld.Infact,weloveitsomuchthatwe'redetermined(決心)todoourbesttoprotectit.66Forthat,weneedmoneytoo.GreenHomecanbestrongonlywiththesu