上海頂尖名校期中預(yù)測(cè)卷02-新高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)（上海專用）（解析版）

PAGE1PAGE2上海頂尖名校期中預(yù)測(cè)卷02（解析版）學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：___________GrammarSectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.（2023秋·上海·高三上海市大同中學(xué)?？奸_(kāi)學(xué)考試）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Imagineforamomentthatyourunbornchildhasararegeneticdisorder.Not1atleastvaguelyfamiliar,suchassickle-cellanaemiaorcysticfibrosis,butratheracondition2(bury)deepwithinthemedicaldictionary.Adrenoleukodystrophy,maybe.OrEhlers-Danlossyndrome.Wouldyou,whenyourchildisborn,wanttoknowaboutit?Ifeffectivetreatmentswereavailable,youprobablywould.Butifnot?Iftheoutcomewerefatal,wouldyourinterestinknowingaboutitdependonwhetheryournewbornhadfiveyearsoflife3(look)forwardto,orten?Or30?Todaythesequestionsaremostlyhypothetical.Preciselybecausetheyarerare,suchdisordersareseldomnoticedatbirth.Theymanifest(顯現(xiàn))themselvesonlygradually,andoftenwithunpredictableseverity.Butthatmaysoonchange.Twentyyearsafterthefirsthumangenome4(map),thepriceofwhole-genomesequencinghasfallentoapoint5itcould,inrichcountriesatleast,beofferedroutinelytonewborns.Parentswillthenhavetodecideexactlyhowmuchtheywanttoknow.Earlydiagnosisbringswithitthepossibilityofearlytreatment.Moreover,sequencingthegenomesofnewbornscouldofferalifetimeofreturns.Apatient’sgenomemayreveal6drugswillworkbestinhisorherparticularcaseforconditionssuchasADHD,depressionandcancer.Combinedwithinformationaboutsomeone’swayoflife,itcouldhighlighteasilyneglectedhealthriskssuchascancersandcardiovasculardisease,leadingtobetterpreventivemeasures.Adatabaseofgenomes,7(match)tolivingpeople,wouldbeabenefittomedicalresearch.Thefruitsofthatresearch,inturn,wouldmakethosegenomesmoreusefultotheirownersastimegoeson.Suchapowerfulnewtechnologycreatenewdangers.Widespreadscreeningforthousandsofpotentiallyharmfulgenesmaybecounterproductive:someresultsmayworryparentsunnecessarily,becausesomegeneticvariations,8occasionallyindicativeofdisease,arenotstronglyso.Parentsmaynotwanttounlockallthesecretsthattheirnewborn’sgenomemightreveal.Somemayindeedprefernottoknowaboutconditionsthatcannotbetreated.Adult-onsetillnessesposeadifferentdilemma—areasonablepositionisthatit9beuptothechildrenthemselves,oncegrown,todecidewhethertheywanttolookattheirgenomicinformation.Afurtherconcernisthatdatawillnotbekeptsecure,andmaybeleakedorotherwisemisused10somepointinthefuture.【答案】1．something2．buried3．tolook4．wasmapped5．where6．which7．matched8．though9．should10．a(chǎn)t【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了某些疾病難以預(yù)測(cè)，但在第一個(gè)人類基因組圖譜繪制完成20年后，全基因組測(cè)序的價(jià)格已經(jīng)下降到可以（至少在富裕國(guó)家）常規(guī)提供給新生兒的程度。與活人相匹配的基因組數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)將有利于醫(yī)學(xué)研究。1．考查代詞。句意：至少不是一些似曾相識(shí)的疾病，比如鐮狀細(xì)胞貧血癥或囊性纖維化，而是一種深深植根于醫(yī)學(xué)詞典中的疾病。根據(jù)句意可知，表示一些，應(yīng)用不定代詞something。故填something。2．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：不是像鐮狀細(xì)胞貧血或囊性纖維化這樣的稍微熟悉的疾病，而是深埋在醫(yī)學(xué)詞典中的一種疾病。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知bury與邏輯主語(yǔ)condition構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。故填buried。3．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：如果結(jié)果是致命的，你是否有興趣知道它取決于你的新生兒的壽命是5年還是10年？或30年？此處為have+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，且表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作應(yīng)用不定式。故填tolook。4．考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在第一個(gè)人類基因組圖譜繪制完成20年后，全基因組測(cè)序的價(jià)格已經(jīng)下降到可以(至少在富裕國(guó)家)常規(guī)提供給新生兒的程度。主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)上文Twentyyearsafter可知?jiǎng)幼靼l(fā)生在過(guò)去，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)為thefirsthumangenome，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。故填wasmapped。5．考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：在第一個(gè)人類基因組圖譜繪制完成20年后，全基因組測(cè)序的價(jià)格已經(jīng)下降到可以(至少在富裕國(guó)家)常規(guī)提供給新生兒的程度。定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞point，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故填where。6．考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：病人的基因組可能會(huì)揭示哪種藥物對(duì)他或她的特殊情況最有效，比如多動(dòng)癥、抑郁癥和癌癥。結(jié)合有關(guān)某人生活方式的信息，它可以突出容易被忽視的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，如癌癥和心血管疾病，從而導(dǎo)致更好的預(yù)防措施。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中表示“哪一種藥物”應(yīng)用which。故填which。7．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：與活人相匹配的基因組數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)將有利于醫(yī)學(xué)研究。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知match與邏輯主語(yǔ)Adatabaseofgenomes構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。故填matched。8．考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：對(duì)數(shù)千種潛在有害基因的廣泛篩查可能會(huì)適得其反：一些結(jié)果可能會(huì)讓父母不必要地?fù)?dān)心，因?yàn)橐恍┗蜃儺愲m然偶爾預(yù)示著疾病，但并不強(qiáng)烈。引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“雖然”應(yīng)用though。故填though。9．考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：成人發(fā)病的疾病帶來(lái)了不同的困境——一個(gè)合理的立場(chǎng)是，應(yīng)該由孩子們自己決定，一旦長(zhǎng)大，他們是否想要查看自己的基因組信息。后文be為動(dòng)詞原形，結(jié)合句意“應(yīng)該”可知應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should。故填should。10．考查介詞。句意：更令人擔(dān)憂的是，數(shù)據(jù)將不會(huì)保持安全，并且可能在將來(lái)的某個(gè)時(shí)候泄露或以其他方式被濫用。結(jié)合句意表示“在某個(gè)時(shí)候”應(yīng)用atsomepoint。故填at。SectionBDirections:（2023秋·上海·高三上海交大附中?？奸_(kāi)學(xué)考試）Directions:Completethefollowingpassagesbyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．a(chǎn)ward

B．house

C．hit

D．namely

E．specifically

F．grabbedG．traded

H．gang

I．bar

J．principled

K．transmissionAmericanauthoritiesarrestedMasphalKry,anofficialinCambodia’sforestryadministration,lastNovemberwhenhewasheadingtoaninternationalmeetingabouttraderegulationsforendangeredspeciesinPanama.Prosecutorsaccusedhimofconspiringwithasmugglingring.Thecontraband(違禁品):monkeys,11long-tailedmacaques.His12allegedlygrabbedwildmacaquesinCambodia’snationalparksandbribedofficialstolabelthemascaptive-bred.FakepapersallowedVannyBioResearch,aCambodianpharmacompany,toshiptheseunfortunateprimates(靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物)toAmericaforuseinresearch.MrKryisfacingtrialinFlorida’sSouthernDistrictCourt.ThefederalgovernmentfundssevenNationalPrimateResearchCentres(NPRCs),which13intotalaround20,000primates,notonlymacaquesbutalsobaboonsandmarmosets.Thesecentresthen14primatestolabsacrossAmerica.NPRCshavefulfilledonlyathirdofrequestsforuntested-onmacaquesin2021andpriceshavesoared.Beforethecovid-19pandemicarhesusmacaquecost$8,000;by2022theyhad15$24,000.Anotherspecies,long-tailmacaques,isprobablyperpoundcurrentlythemostexpensive16wildlife,saysLisaJones-Engel,ascienceadviseratPETA,ananimal-rightsgroup.Gettinglabmonkeysfromabroadbecameharderduringthepandemic.Chineseauthoritiesbannedtheexportofallprimatesinearly2020.TheChinesegovernmentwantedto17thecountry’swildlifetrade,whichisthoughttoencouragethe18ofpathogens—likesars-cov-2—fromanimalstohumans.ThatforcedAmericancompaniestorelyonless19South-EastAsiansuppliers.ManyscientistsbelievepoachingisprevalentacrossCambodia.InFebruary,theDepartmentofJusticesubpoenaedCharlesRiverover1,000juvenilemacaquesthepharmaceuticalcompanyhadboughtfromCambodia;theDoJsuspectedtheywere20inthewildthenexported.TheseprimatesarenowinTexasandMarylandbutalsoindilemma:theycannotbetestedon,norcantheybeflownbacktoCambodia.【答案】11．E12．H13．B14．A15．C16．G17．I18．K19．J20．F【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是新聞報(bào)道。本文報(bào)道了美國(guó)當(dāng)局在2020年逮捕了柬埔寨官員和走私集團(tuán)，涉嫌走私長(zhǎng)尾猴。文章還討論了美國(guó)靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物研究中心的現(xiàn)狀以及從國(guó)外獲取實(shí)驗(yàn)室猴的困難。此外，文章還提到了中國(guó)禁止靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物出口和某制藥公司涉嫌從柬埔寨購(gòu)買(mǎi)幼年長(zhǎng)尾獼猴的案件。整篇文章展示了靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物走私和實(shí)驗(yàn)室猴供應(yīng)的問(wèn)題。11．考查副詞。句意：違禁品：猴子，特別是長(zhǎng)尾獼猴。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處應(yīng)是副詞做狀語(yǔ)，修飾后文long-tailedmacaques，所以specifically意為“特別是”符合語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)。12．考查名詞。句意：據(jù)稱，他的團(tuán)伙在柬埔寨國(guó)家公園捕獲野生獼猴，并賄賂官員，讓他們給這些獼猴貼上圈養(yǎng)繁殖的標(biāo)簽。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前是形容詞性物主代詞，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞作主語(yǔ)，gang意為“團(tuán)伙”符合語(yǔ)境。故選H項(xiàng)。13．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：聯(lián)邦政府資助了7個(gè)國(guó)家靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物研究中心(nprc)，總共飼養(yǎng)了大約2萬(wàn)只靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物，不僅有獼猴，還有狒狒和狨猴。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句是which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，所以空處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞，house意為“安置”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。14．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：然后這些中心將靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物授予美國(guó)各地的實(shí)驗(yàn)室。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句缺少謂語(yǔ)把動(dòng)詞，所以空處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞，award意為“授予”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。15．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：在2019冠狀病毒病大流行之前，一只恒河猴的價(jià)格為8000美元；到2022年，這一價(jià)格已達(dá)到2.4萬(wàn)美元。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，空前已有had，所以空處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞形式，hit意為“到達(dá)”為過(guò)去分詞形式，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。16．考查形容詞。句意：動(dòng)物權(quán)利組織善待動(dòng)物組織(PETA)的科學(xué)顧問(wèn)麗莎·瓊斯-恩格爾(LisaJones-Engel)說(shuō)，另一種物種，長(zhǎng)尾獼猴，可能是目前交易中每磅最昂貴的野生動(dòng)物。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空后是名詞，所以空處應(yīng)填形容詞，traded意為“被交易的”符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。17．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：中國(guó)政府希望禁止該國(guó)的野生動(dòng)物貿(mào)易，因?yàn)槿藗冋J(rèn)為野生動(dòng)物貿(mào)易會(huì)鼓勵(lì)像sars-cov-2這樣的病原體從動(dòng)物傳播給人類。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前的to是不定式的標(biāo)志，所以空處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形，bar意為“禁止”符合語(yǔ)境。故選I項(xiàng)。18．考查名詞。句意：中國(guó)政府希望禁止該國(guó)的野生動(dòng)物貿(mào)易，因?yàn)槿藗冋J(rèn)為野生動(dòng)物貿(mào)易會(huì)鼓勵(lì)像sars-cov-2這樣的病原體從動(dòng)物傳播給人類。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前是冠詞，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞作賓語(yǔ)，transmission意為“傳染”符合語(yǔ)境。故選K項(xiàng)。19．考查形容詞。句意：這迫使美國(guó)公司依賴不那么有原則的東南亞供應(yīng)商。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空后是名詞，所以恐嚇粗應(yīng)填形容詞作定語(yǔ)，principled意為“有原則的”符合語(yǔ)境。故選J項(xiàng)。20．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：今年2月，美國(guó)司法部傳喚了查爾斯河制藥公司從柬埔寨購(gòu)買(mǎi)的1000多只獼猴幼崽；司法部懷疑這些獼猴是在野外捕獲的，然后出口。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)句意可知，grabbed意為“抓住”和空前的be動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表達(dá)“被抓”之意，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)。ReadingComprehension(21–35題，每題1分；36–50題，每題2分；共45分)SectionADirections:eachblankinthefollowingpassagemarkedB,CandD.ineachblankwiththeorphrasethatbestthecontext.（2023·高三上海市楊浦高級(jí)中學(xué)?？茧A段練習(xí)）CorporateAmericaisstrugglingtoadapttoGenZInrecentmonths,thepaymentscompanyVisahasquietlystartedtooffercustomersanewfeature:adigitaltoolthatletsthemcapspendinginapersonalizedway,forexampleby21thebillatcoffeebarstoapresetlimiteachweek.Nothingoddaboutthat,youmightthink.Withinflation(通貨膨脹)weakeninghousehold22,andcreditcarddebtatrecordhighsincountriessuchastheUS,consumershavereasonstodoso.Butlookalittlecloser,andthereisatwist:Visa’smoveispartlysparkedbyanurgeto23thebehaviourof“GenZ”,orthegroupofpeoplebornbetween1997and2012.“GenZwantscontrol,”explainsCharlotteHogg,chiefexecutiveofVisaEurope,whosaysthecompanyis24tryingtofigureouthowtheseteensandyoungadultsthinkandbehave.Sincemostbusinessleaderstodayare“babyboomers,”ormembersof“GenX”,(born,thatis,between1946and1964,or1965and1980,respectively),manyfeelconfusedbyGenZ,andassumetheyare25to“millennials”(orthosebornbetween1981and1996).Thisassumptionisnotentirelywrong.ArecentstudybytheconsultancyOliverWyman,which26150,000GenZ-ersovertwoyears,showsthatthisgenerationcaresfarmoredeeplyaboutsocialandenvironmentalissuesthantheirelders,andexpectsdigitaland“real-world”experiencestobe27,astheyhavegrownupsurroundedbymoretechnologythanpreviousgenerations.Inthisrespect,theyaresimilartomillennials.28,GenZhasahigherrateofself-reportedmentalhealthissuesthanmillennials,anditsmembersprefertogettheirinformationfrom29ratherthanauthorityfigures.Thesefindings,which30similarstudiesbyMcKinsey,undoubtedlyreflectthefactthatGenZ-ersaredigitalnativeswhoseliveshavebeenshapedbythe31oftheglobalfinancialcrisis,theCovid-19pandemicandthewarinUkraine.ButthemoststrikingissuethatdefinesGenZissomethingelse:32.Accustomedtodigitizationandsmartphones,theyconsideritentirelynormalanddesirableto33everything—fromtheirmusic,media,foodandholidaystotheirpolitics,genderidentitiesandworkingpractices.Icallthistheeraof“GenP”,whichhasledtotheriseofa“pick’n’mix”or“playlist”approachtolife,inwhichpersonalchoice34.ToGenZtheideaofacceptingpreselectedrolesorconsumptionpackagesfeelsas35asonlylisteningtomusicontheradiopickedbysomebodyelse.Insteadtheywanttoexercisechoice.21．A．a(chǎn)pplying B．restricting C．consuming D．a(chǎn)ccepting22．A．budgets B．names C．goods D．bills23．A．givewayto B．makesenseof C．comeupwith D．takeadvantageof24．A．leisurely B．ultimately C．urgently D．reluctantly25．A．prior B．contrary C．familiar D．identical26．A．tracked B．tended C．selected D．a(chǎn)ttained27．A．supervised B．connected C．generated D．separated28．A．However B．Likewise C．Consequently D．Furthermore29．A．schoolteachers B．onlinepeers C．familymembers D．newsanchors30．A．modify B．review C．echo D．oppose31．A．outlets B．upgrades C．forecasts D．a(chǎn)ftershocks32．A．inspiration B．innovation C．identification D．personalization33．A．tackle B．customize C．a(chǎn)ccess D．a(chǎn)uthorize34．A．rules B．a(chǎn)rises C．fulfills D．fades35．A．dynamic B．casual C．outdated D．unconventional【答案】21．B22．A23．B24．C25．D26．A27．B28．A29．B30．C31．D32．D33．B34．A35．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了美國(guó)企業(yè)正在努力適應(yīng)Z世代。21．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：最近幾個(gè)月，支付公司Visa悄悄開(kāi)始向客戶提供一項(xiàng)新功能:一種數(shù)字工具，讓他們以個(gè)性化的方式限制支出，例如將每周在咖啡館的賬單限制在預(yù)設(shè)的上限。A.applying申請(qǐng)；B.restricting限制；C.consuming消費(fèi)；D.accepting接受。根據(jù)下文“toapresetlimiteachweek”可知，此處指限制賬單。故選B。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于通脹削弱了家庭預(yù)算，而美國(guó)等國(guó)的信用卡債務(wù)處于創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄高位，消費(fèi)者有理由這樣做。A.budgets預(yù)算；B.names姓名；C.goods貨物；D.bills賬單。根據(jù)下文“andcreditcarddebtatrecordhighsincountriessuchastheUS”可知，此處指通脹削弱了家庭預(yù)算。故選A。23．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：但仔細(xì)看看，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折：Visa此舉在一定程度上是出于理解“Z世代”（即1997年至2012年出生的群體）行為的沖動(dòng)。A.givewayto讓位于；B.makesenseof理解；C.comeupwith想出；D.takeadvantageof利用。根據(jù)下文“thebehaviourof‘GenZ”,orthegroupofpeoplebornbetween1997and2012.”可知，此處指理解“Z世代”（即1997年至2012年出生的群體）行為的沖動(dòng)。故選B。24．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“Z世代想要掌控一切，”Visa歐洲首席執(zhí)行官夏洛特·霍格解釋說(shuō)，她表示，該公司正迫切試圖弄清楚這些青少年和年輕人的思維和行為方式。A.leisurely悠閑地；B.ultimately最終；C.urgently迫切地；D.reluctantly勉強(qiáng)地。根據(jù)下文“tryingtofigureouthowtheseteensandyoungadultsthinkandbehave.”及常識(shí)可知，公司要想適應(yīng)Z世代，需要迫切弄清楚這些青少年和年輕人的思維和行為方式。故選C。25．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于今天的大多數(shù)商業(yè)領(lǐng)袖都是“嬰兒潮一代”，或“X世代”(分別出生于1946年至1964年或1965年至1980年之間)，許多人對(duì)Z世代感到困惑，并認(rèn)為他們與“千禧一代”(或生于1981年至1996年之間)相同。A.prior優(yōu)先的；B.contrary相反的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.identical相同的。根據(jù)上文““GenZ”,orthegroupofpeoplebornbetween1997and2012”及下文““millennials”(orthosebornbetween1981and1996).”可知，許多X世代的人對(duì)Z世代感到困惑，認(rèn)為他們與“千禧一代”相同。故選D。26．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：OliverWyman最近的一項(xiàng)研究對(duì)15萬(wàn)Z世代進(jìn)行了兩年多的跟蹤調(diào)查，結(jié)果顯示，這一代人對(duì)社會(huì)和環(huán)境問(wèn)題的關(guān)心遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)他們的長(zhǎng)輩，并期望將數(shù)字體驗(yàn)和“現(xiàn)實(shí)世界”體驗(yàn)聯(lián)系起來(lái)，因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)诒惹皫状烁嗟目萍辑h(huán)境中長(zhǎng)大。A.tracked跟蹤；B.tended傾向；C.selected選擇；D.attained獲得。根據(jù)下文“overtwoyears”可知，此處指兩年多的跟蹤調(diào)查。故選A。27．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：OliverWyman最近的一項(xiàng)研究對(duì)15萬(wàn)Z世代進(jìn)行了兩年多的跟蹤調(diào)查，結(jié)果顯示，這一代人對(duì)社會(huì)和環(huán)境問(wèn)題的關(guān)心遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)他們的長(zhǎng)輩，并期望將數(shù)字體驗(yàn)和“現(xiàn)實(shí)世界”體驗(yàn)聯(lián)系起來(lái)，因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)诒惹皫状烁嗟目萍辑h(huán)境中長(zhǎng)大。A.supervised監(jiān)督；B.connected連接；C.generated生成；D.separated分離。根據(jù)下文“astheyhavegrownupsurroundedbymoretechnologythanpreviousgenerations.”可知，此處指Z世代期望將數(shù)字體驗(yàn)和“現(xiàn)實(shí)世界”體驗(yàn)聯(lián)系起來(lái)。故選B。28．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，Z世代的自我報(bào)告心理健康問(wèn)題的比例高于千禧一代，而且Z世代的成員更喜歡從網(wǎng)上的同齡人而不是權(quán)威人士那里獲取信息。A.However然而；B.Likewise同樣；C.Consequently因此；D.Furthermore此外。前后句意存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用轉(zhuǎn)折副詞。故選A。29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，Z世代的自我報(bào)告心理健康問(wèn)題的比例高于千禧一代，而且Z世代的成員更喜歡從網(wǎng)上的同齡人而不是權(quán)威人士那里獲取信息。A.schoolteachers學(xué)校教師；B.onlinepeers網(wǎng)上同齡人；C.familymembers家庭成員；D.newsanchors新聞主播。根據(jù)下文“ratherthanauthorityfigures”可知，Z世代的成員更喜歡從網(wǎng)上的同齡人而不是權(quán)威人士那里獲取信息。故選B。30．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這些發(fā)現(xiàn)與麥肯錫的類似研究相呼應(yīng)，無(wú)疑反映了這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)：Z世代是數(shù)字原住民，他們的生活受到全球金融危機(jī)、新冠肺炎大流行和烏克蘭戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的余震影響。A.modify修改；B.review審查；C.echo產(chǎn)生回響；D.oppose反對(duì)。根據(jù)下文“similarstudiesbyMcKinsey,undoubtedlyreflectthefactthatGenZ-ersaredigitalnatives”可知，此處指新的發(fā)現(xiàn)與麥肯錫的類似研究相呼應(yīng)。故選C。31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些發(fā)現(xiàn)與麥肯錫的類似研究相呼應(yīng)，無(wú)疑反映了這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)：Z世代是數(shù)字原住民，他們的生活受到全球金融危機(jī)、新冠肺炎大流行和烏克蘭戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的余震影響。A.outlets插座；B.upgrades升級(jí)；C.forecasts預(yù)測(cè)；D.aftershocks余震。根據(jù)下文“theglobalfinancialcrisis,theCovid-19pandemicandthewarinUkraine.”及常識(shí)可知，此處指Z世代受到了現(xiàn)在全球金融危機(jī)、新冠肺炎大流行和烏克蘭戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)產(chǎn)生的余震影響。故選D。32．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但定義Z世代的最引人注目的問(wèn)題是另一件事：個(gè)性化。A.inspiration靈感；B.innovation創(chuàng)新；C.identification識(shí)別；D.personalization個(gè)性化。根據(jù)下文“Accustomedtodigitizationandsmartphones,theyconsideritentirelynormalanddesirableto13everything—fromtheirmusic,media,foodandholidaystotheirpolitics,genderidentitiesandworkingpractices.”可知，Z世代個(gè)性化很強(qiáng)。故選D。33．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：習(xí)慣了數(shù)字化和智能手機(jī)，他們認(rèn)為定制一切是完全正常和可取的——從他們的音樂(lè)、媒體、食物和假期到他們的政治、性別認(rèn)同和工作方式。A.tackle解決；B.customize定制；C.access訪問(wèn)；D.authorize授權(quán)。根據(jù)下文“Insteadtheywanttoexercisechoice.”可知，Z世代認(rèn)為定制一切是完全正常和可取的。故選B。34．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我把這個(gè)時(shí)代稱為“P世代”(GenP)，這個(gè)時(shí)代導(dǎo)致了一種“自選混合”(pick’n’mix)或“播放列表”(playlist)生活方式的興起，在這種生活方式中，個(gè)人選擇占據(jù)首要地位。A.rules占首要地位；B.arises出現(xiàn)；C.fulfills履行；D.fades褪色。根據(jù)上文“Accustomedtodigitizationandsmartphones,theyconsideritentirelynormalanddesirableto13everything—fromtheirmusic,media,foodandholidaystotheirpolitics,genderidentitiesandworkingpractices.”可知，個(gè)人選擇占據(jù)首要地位。故選A。35．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)于Z世代來(lái)說(shuō)，接受預(yù)先選定的角色或消費(fèi)套餐的想法就像只聽(tīng)別人挑選的收音機(jī)里的音樂(lè)一樣過(guò)時(shí)。A.dynamic精力充沛的；B.casual隨便的；C.outdated過(guò)時(shí)的；D.unconventional不因循守舊的。根據(jù)上文“Icallthistheeraof“GenP”,whichhasledtotheriseofa“pick’n’mix”or“playlist”approachtolife,inwhichpersonalchoice14.”可知，對(duì)應(yīng)Z世代而言，個(gè)人選擇占據(jù)首要地位，接受預(yù)先選定的角色或消費(fèi)套餐的想法就像只聽(tīng)別人挑選的收音機(jī)里的音樂(lè)一樣過(guò)時(shí)。故選C。SectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.（A）（2023·上海·高三上海市大同中學(xué)?？茧A段練習(xí)）ArthurConanDoyleArthurConanDoyleisaniconofBritishliterature,worldrenownedforhiscrimefictioncreation,“SherlockHolmes”.Hisabilitytocreateexcitingstoriesfilledwithmysterystillresonateswithreaderstoday,andmodernreincarnations(再生)inbothfilmandtelevisionmeanHolmesisaspopularasever.Thecreationofsuchanextraordinaryworldwouldbeanimpossibletaskformost,sowheredidDoylefindtheinspirationsbehinditsconception?Thetopics,charactersandeventsthatunfoldwithinDoyle’screationsmayseemfarremovedfromyouorI,butforArthur,theyweremuchclosertohome.ThemaininspirationforHolmeswasArthur’sprofessoratEdinburghMedicalSchool,Dr.JosephBell.Thedoctor,armedwithfantasticscientificknowledgeandremarkableabilitiesinobservationanddeduction(演繹),wouldknowsomeone’soccupationandhabitsfromthetiniestdetails.Ononeoccasion,heshockedhisclassbydeducingtheoccupationofapatientsimplyfromhisaccent,schedule,andhands.Additionally,workingwithmurderinvestigations,illnessesanddeadbodiesthroughhisstudies,Doylebecameveryknowledgeableaboutthisarea.Sinceschool,Doyle’stalentasawriterwasclearasfellowpupilspaidhiminsweetsjusttocontinuehisstories,soyouwouldhavetoassumethatthesuccessofSherlockonthenationalstagebroughtDoylegreathappiness,right?Well,notquite.Fewpeopleknowthatitdidn’ttakelongforDoyletogetfrustratedwiththecharacter.Whileherankedhisworkhighly,heactuallyfeltthathiscareerhad,“goneofftherails”andwrotetohismothersaying,“Imustsavemymindforbetterthings.”DoylesawSherlockasanunwelcomedistractionfrommoreseriousworkwhichiswhyhekilledhimoffinTheFinalProblem.HolmesandMoriartyplungetotheirdeathsattheReichenbachFallsandSherlockHolmeswasfinished.But,aswithanyHolmestale,thereisatwist!FanswereextremlyangryandcanceledtheirsubscriptionsforTheStrandMagazineinrecordnumbers.ThecontinuouspressurefromfansandpublishersfinallyledDoyletopublishanewstory,TheHoundofBaskervilles,in1901.This,however,wassetbeforethedeathofSherlocksothecompleteresurrection(復(fù)活)happenedin1903,withTheAdventureoftheEmptyHouse,inwhichitisrevealedthatonlyMoriartyfellandHolmesfakedhisdeath.36．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．ThesuccessofSherlockHolmesmadeDoyleinstantfamous.B．TheinventionoffilmandtelevisionhashelpedtopromoteSherlockHolmes.C．DoylefoundinspirationmainlyfromDr.JosephBellandhisteacherinschool.D．Doyle’swritingcapabilitieswaslongrecognizedbyhispeers.37．WhydidDoylefeelfrustratedwithSherlockHolmes?A．ThecharacterwasnotaskeenasDr.JosephBell.B．Hecouldn’tmakemuchmoneyfromthebook.C．Thebookkepthimfromwritingseriousliterature.D．Hewasattackedbythefansofthebook.38．Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?A．Doyledidn’tshowtalentforwritinguntilhemetDr.JosephBell.B．ThesuccessofSherlockHolmeswasbitter-sweettoDoyle.C．ManymoviesareadaptedfromthestoryofSherlockHolmes.D．DoylewasinvolvedinmurderinvestigationsinordertowriteSherlockHolmes.39．Thispassageismostprobablytakenfrom________.A．a(chǎn)bookletofDoylemuseum B．a(chǎn)websiteforfansofHolmesC．a(chǎn)literarymagazine D．a(chǎn)nacademicreport【答案】36．D37．C38．B39．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了作家柯南·道爾和他的《福爾摩斯》系列作品，道爾的創(chuàng)作靈感源于他的大學(xué)教授，他從學(xué)校開(kāi)始便展露出眾的寫(xiě)作天賦，《福爾摩斯》的成功帶給道爾的并不都是幸福，還有因?yàn)闊o(wú)法創(chuàng)作嚴(yán)肅文學(xué)作品的沮喪，他因此結(jié)束了主角福爾摩斯的生命，但是因書(shū)迷們的反抗，后來(lái)又讓主角復(fù)活了。36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Sinceschool,Doyle’stalentasawriterwasclearasfellowpupilspaidhiminsweetsjusttocontinuehisstories（從學(xué)校開(kāi)始，道爾作為一個(gè)作家的天賦就很明顯，因?yàn)橥瑢W(xué)們給他糖果，只是為了讓他繼續(xù)寫(xiě)他的故事）”可知，道爾的同學(xué)們都認(rèn)可他出眾的寫(xiě)作天賦，會(huì)給他糖果希望他保持創(chuàng)作。故選D項(xiàng)。37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“DoylesawSherlockasanunwelcomedistractionfrommoreseriousworkwhichiswhyhekilledhimoffinTheFinalProblem.（道爾認(rèn)為夏洛克會(huì)讓他遠(yuǎn)離嚴(yán)肅的文學(xué)作品，這也是他在《最后一案》中殺死夏洛克的原因。）”可知，道爾之所以對(duì)夏洛克·福爾摩斯感到失望，是因?yàn)檫@個(gè)角色的受歡迎讓他無(wú)法創(chuàng)作嚴(yán)肅的文學(xué)作品。故選C項(xiàng)。38．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“…soyouwouldhavetoassumethatthesuccessofSherlockonthenationalstagebroughtDoylegreathappiness,right?（所以你會(huì)認(rèn)為夏洛克在全國(guó)舞臺(tái)上的成功給道爾帶來(lái)了巨大的幸福，對(duì)吧?）”和第四段中“Well,notquite.Fewpeopleknowthatitdidn’ttakelongforDoyletogetfrustratedwiththecharacter.Whileherankedhisworkhighly,heactuallyfeltthathiscareerhad,“goneofftherails”andwrotetohismothersaying,“Imustsavemymindforbetterthings.”（嗯，不完全是。很少有人知道道爾很快就對(duì)這個(gè)角色感到沮喪。雖然他對(duì)自己的工作評(píng)價(jià)很高，但他實(shí)際上覺(jué)得自己的事業(yè)已經(jīng)“脫軌了”，他寫(xiě)信給母親說(shuō)：“我必須把心思放在更好的事情上。”）”可知，《夏洛克·福爾摩斯》的巨大成功帶給道爾的并不完全都是幸福，雖然他對(duì)自己的工作評(píng)價(jià)很高，但他也意識(shí)到這讓他無(wú)法創(chuàng)作嚴(yán)肅文學(xué)，因此感到沮喪。因此，夏洛克·福爾摩斯的成功對(duì)于道爾而言是悲喜交加的。故選B項(xiàng)。39．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了作家柯南·道爾和他的《福爾摩斯》系列作品，道爾的創(chuàng)作靈感源于他的大學(xué)教授，他從學(xué)校開(kāi)始便展露出眾的寫(xiě)作天賦，《福爾摩斯》的成功帶給道爾的并不都是幸福，還有因?yàn)闊o(wú)法創(chuàng)作嚴(yán)肅文學(xué)作品的沮喪，他因此結(jié)束了主角福爾摩斯的生命，但是因書(shū)迷們的反抗，后來(lái)又讓主角復(fù)活了。文章在介紹作家的同時(shí)，涉及了作品的相關(guān)趣事，相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)比較客觀，但并沒(méi)有那么專業(yè)和艱深，所以應(yīng)該出自一本文學(xué)雜志，而非道爾博物館的小冊(cè)子、福爾摩斯迷的網(wǎng)站、學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告。故選C項(xiàng)。（B）（2023·上海徐匯·統(tǒng)考二模）WHATISSCIENCEGAMES?Withafocusoncollaboration,connection,discovery,andfun,studentsinBritishColumbiawillhaveanopportunitytoparticipateina3-weeksciencejourneyinJuly2023!AtScienceGames,studentsfromGrades1–6acrossBCexploresciencefirst-handinanonlinegroupledbyengineersandgeoscientists.Thisinteractiveeventhostedonlinegivesstudentsthechancetoinvestigatethewaysscienceaffectstheireverydaylives.Divingdeepintotheworldofinnovation,participantswillconnectwithotherlike-mindedstudentsandworktogetheronlinetocreatetheirownsolutionsduringeachSaturdayactivitysession.2023VIRTUALPROGRAMSCHEDULEDateDivision1(Grades1–3)Division2(Grades4–6)July15,20239:00AM–11:00AM2:00PM–5:00PMJuly22,20239:00AM–11:00AM2:00PM–5:00PMJuly29,20239:00AM–11:00AM2:00PM–5:00PM2023SCIENCEGAMESREGISTRATIONToparticipateinthesesessions,yourchildmustbesignedupasa2023ScienceGamesparticipantandpaya$25+GSTregistrationfee.Ifthereisafinancialbarriertoyourparticipationinthe2023ScienceGames,youcanapplyforabursaryforareducedrate.TheonlineScienceGamesBursaryapplicationformwillbeavailablewhenregistrationlaunches.Parents/Guardianscanregistertheirchild/childrenas:IndividualParticipantsGroupParticipantsPleasenote:Youcangroupregistrationswithagroupcode.Thegroupsizemaximumis3participantssoyoucanonlyshareyourcodewith2otherScienceGamesparticipants.ScienceGamesparticipantswillalsoreceiveapackagefromEngineersandGeoscientistsBCattheendofJune.ThispackageincludesitemsthatarenecessaryforparticipationinaparticularScienceGamesactivity.HaveanyotherquestionsaboutScienceGames2023?Emailusatsciencegames@egbc.ca.40．Accordingtotheinformationabove,ScienceGamesismostprobably________.A．a(chǎn)sciencewebsite B．a(chǎn)packageofgamesC．a(chǎn)nonlineprogram D．a(chǎn)groupcompetition41．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bursary”probablymean?A．Admission. B．Reward. C．Budget. D．Scholarship.42．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutScienceGames?A．Eachsessionofthevirtualprogramwilllasttwohours.B．Studentswillconducthands-onexperimentswithscientists.C．Parentsneedtoprepareactivitymaterialsfortheirchildren.D．Eachregistrationgroupcanhavenomorethan3participants.【答案】40．C41．D42．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)在線活動(dòng)——科學(xué)游戲。40．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一框第二段中“Thisinteractiveeventhostedonlinegivesstudentsthechancetoinvestigatethewaysscienceaffectstheireverydaylives.(這個(gè)在線舉辦的互動(dòng)活動(dòng)讓學(xué)生有機(jī)會(huì)調(diào)查科學(xué)如何影響他們的日常生活)”可知，ScienceGames最有可能是在線活動(dòng)。故選C項(xiàng)。41．詞句猜測(cè)題。劃線詞句后文“TheonlineScienceGamesBursaryapplicationformwillbeavailablewhenregistrationlaunches.(網(wǎng)上科學(xué)游戲助學(xué)金申請(qǐng)表將于報(bào)名時(shí)提供)”以及本句中“forareducedrate(以降低費(fèi)率)”說(shuō)明網(wǎng)上科學(xué)游戲可以申請(qǐng)助學(xué)金，這樣能降低費(fèi)用，從而推知?jiǎng)澗€詞句“Ifthereisafinancialbarriertoyourparticipationinthe2023ScienceGames,youcanapplyforabursaryforareducedrate.(如果你參加2023年科學(xué)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)有經(jīng)濟(jì)障礙，你可以申請(qǐng)bursary，以降低費(fèi)率)”其中劃線短語(yǔ)應(yīng)為“助學(xué)金”的意思。故選D項(xiàng)。42．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二框第一段中“Thegroupsizemaximumis3participantssoyoucanonlyshareyourcodewith2otherScienceGamesparticipants.(小組人數(shù)最多為3人，因此你只能與其他2名科學(xué)游戲參與者分享你的代碼)”可知，每個(gè)注冊(cè)組的參與者不超過(guò)3人。故選D項(xiàng)。（C）（2023·上海·上海市民辦文綺中學(xué)?？既＃〣ackin1964,inhisbookGamesPeoplePlay,psychiatristEricBernedescribedapatternofconversationhecalled“WhyDon’tYou—YesBut”,whichremainsoneofthemostannoyingaspectsofeverydaysociallife.Thepersonadoptingthestrategyisusuallyachroniccomplainer.Somethingisterribleabouttheirrelationship,job,orothersituation,andtheycomplainaboutitendlessly,butfindsomeexcusetodismissanysolutionthat’sproposed.Thereason,ofcourse,isthatonsomeleveltheydon’twantasolution;theywanttobevalidated(認(rèn)可)intheirpositionthattheworldisouttogetthem.Iftheycan“win”thegame—dismissingeverysuggestionuntilinterlocutor(對(duì)話者)givesupinannoyance—theygettofeelpleasurablyrighteous(正當(dāng)?shù)?intheirangerandexcusedfromanyobligationtochange.Partofthetroublehereistheso-calledresponsibility/faultfallacy(謬誤).Whenyou’refeelingharddoneby—takenforgrantedbyyourpartner,say,orobligedtoworkforastupidboss—it’seasytobecomeattachedtothepositionthatit’snotyourjobtoaddressthematter,andthatdoingsowouldbeanadmissionoffault.Butthere’saconfusionhere.Forexample,ifIweretodiscoveranewbornatmyfrontdoor,itwouldn’tbemyfault,butitmostcertainlywouldbemyresponsibility.Therewouldbechoicestomake,andnopossibilityofavoidingthem,sincetryingtoignorethematterwouldbeachoice.Thepointisthatwhatgoesforthebabyonthedoorstepistrueinallcases:eveniftheotherpersonis100%inthewrong,there’snothingtobegained,long-term,fromusingthisasajustificationtoevaderesponsibility.Shouldyoufindyourselfonthereceivingendofthiskindofcomplaining,there’sacleverwaytoshutitdown—whichistoagreewithit.PsychotherapistLoriGottliebdescribesthisas“over-validation”.Foronething,you’llbesparedfurthercomplaining,sincetheotherperson’smotivationwastoconfirmherbeliefs,andnowyou’reconfirmingthem.Butforanother,asGottliebnotes,peopleconfrontedwithover-validationoftenheartheircomplaintsafreshandstartarguingback.Theconceptthatthey’reutterlypowerlesssuddenlysee