第08講-Unit2詞匯和完形填空(外研版2019選擇必修1)(解析版)

第08講Unit2Onwardsandupwards提前預(yù)習(xí)新外研版選擇必修一Unit2的詞匯和閱讀掌握高二閱讀長難句分析方法和完形填空（記敘文）解題方法一．重點(diǎn)詞匯學(xué)習(xí)1.embarrassedadj.2.informv.3.debtn.4.pacen.5.rarelyadv.6.overnight.7.rejection8.nevertheless9.perseverev.10.guaranteev.11.delightn.12.outcomen.13.worthwhile14.blanketn.15.contestn.16.enthusiasticadj.17.upset18.electionn.19.blessing20.appreciatev.21.worthy22.gentlenessn.23.mere.24.outlinen.25.dawnn.26.probevt.27.mightyadj..28.descendv.29.concludev.30.delightfuladj.31.literary32.relish重點(diǎn)詞匯答案見教材詞匯表重點(diǎn)短語regrettodosth很遺憾要做某事(還沒有做)2．take...forexample以……為例3．have...incommon有相同的特點(diǎn)4．dreamof夢想5．a(chǎn)longwith和……一起6．turndown拒絕7．dueto由于8．haveapositiveeffecton對……有積極的影響9.beproudof以……為豪10．worthyof值得……的11．careabout關(guān)心12．beappreciativeof感激13．inparticular特別，尤其14．beawareof意識到15．descendupon降臨16．knockover撞倒考點(diǎn)1：informv．通知，告知要點(diǎn)歸納(1)informsbofsth告訴/通知某人某事informsbthat...通知某人……keepsbinformed(of...)使某人隨時(shí)了解(……)(2)informationn.[U]通知；消息；情報(bào)；信息例1．【單句填空】(1)Thebossaskedhissecretarytokeephimwellinformed(inform)oftheprogramme'sprogress.(2)(2020·天津卷)Inlibrarybooksandcomputers,youcanfindinformation(inform)onstartingabusiness.(3)(2021·天津卷)WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsusofpastmistakesfromwhichwecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem.詞匯升級(4)I'dliketotellyousomedetailedinformationsothatyoucanmakefullpreparationsforit.→I'dliketoinformyouofsomedetailedinformationsothatyoucanmakefullpreparationsforit.考點(diǎn)2：guaranteev．保證；確保n．保證；保證書要點(diǎn)歸納(1)guaranteetodosth/that...保證做某事；確?！璯uaranteesbsth向某人保證某事guaranteesbtodosth保證某人做某事beguaranteedtodosth肯定會做某事(2)aguaranteeof……的保證underguarantee在保修期內(nèi)例2．【單句填空】單句語法填空(1)Asisoftenthecase,goingoutwithfriendsisguaranteedtocheer(cheer)youup.(2)Guaranteetobehave(behave)yourselfwheninvitedtoyourChinesefriend'shome.(3)Yourcarislessthanayearold,soitisstillunderguarantee.補(bǔ)全句子(4)Takethisopportunity,andIguaranteethatyouwon'tregretit.抓住這個(gè)機(jī)會，我保證你不會后悔的?？键c(diǎn)3：delightedadj.愉快的，高興的要點(diǎn)歸納(1)bedelightedat/with/by...對……高興bedelightedtodosth很高興做某事bedelightedthat...很高興……(2)delightn.[U]高興，快樂；[C]使人高興的事，樂事v.使高興takedelightin(doing)．..高興(做)……；以(做)……為樂toone'sdelight/tothedelightofsb令某人高興的是with/indelight高興地，樂意地(3)delightfuladj.令人愉快的例3【單句填空】(1)(2021·全國Ⅱ卷)Obviouslywe'reallabsolutelydelightedtowelcome(welcome)anothercalftoourblackrhinofamily.(2)Onseeingthegiftstheywanted,thekidsscreamedwith/indelight.(3)WhenIheardofthedelightful(delight)newsthatmybrotherhadpassedthedrivingtest,Ifeltverypleased.(4)Icannottellyouhowdelighted(delight)Iwaswiththebeautifulbirthdaypresentyougaveme.一句多譯令我高興的是，我從幾百位申請者中被選出來參加2022年冬奧會的開幕式。(5)Tomydelight,Iwaschosenfromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremonyofthe2022OlympicWinterGames.(delightn．)(6)WhatdelightedmewasthatIwaschosenfromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremonyofthe2022OlympicWinterGames.(主語從句)考點(diǎn)4：worthwhileadj.重要的；值得做的要點(diǎn)歸納(1)Itisworthwhiledoing/todosth.做某事是值得的。(2)worthadj.值得的；有……價(jià)值be(well)worthdoing...……(非常)值得被做beworth＋n.值得……；值……(3)worthyadj.值得的；配得上的；可敬的beworthyof＋n.值得……；配得上……beworthytobedone/ofbeingdone值得被做注：worth一般只作表語，可用程度副詞well修飾；而worthy和worthwhile既可作表語，又可作定語。例4【單句填空】選詞填空/單句語法填空/寫出下面句中黑體部分的含義(1)IthinkMountTaiisatruenaturalwonderandwell(very/well)worthavisit.(2)Thereferencebookisworthbuying(buy),becauseitisagreathelpforyourstudy.(3)Thegoodnewsisthatit'ssimpletolearnandcanbeworththeeffort.值得付出努力一句多譯我認(rèn)為，這個(gè)音樂節(jié)的開幕式很值得觀看。(4)Personallyspeaking,theopeningceremonyofthemusicfestivaliswellworthwatching.(5)AsfarasI'mconcerned,theopeningceremonyofthemusicfestivaliswellworthytobewatched.(6)Inmyopinion/view,theopeningceremonyofthemusicfestivaliswellworthyofbeingwatched.(7)Frommypointofview,itiswellworthwhilewatching/towatchtheopeningceremonyofthemusicfestival.考點(diǎn)5：enthusiasticadj.熱心的，熱衷的要點(diǎn)歸納(1)beenthusiasticabout對……熱心，熱衷于(2)enthusiasticallyadv.熱情地(3)enthusiastn.熱衷者(4)enthusiasmn.熱情，熱忱with(great)enthusiasm(非常)熱情地例5【單句填空】(1)Today,IamjustasenthusiasticaboutmyjobasthedayIfirststarted.(2)Thewholeplaygroundwasexcitedwiththeaudiencecheeringenthusiastically(enthusiastic)fortheathletes.補(bǔ)全句子(3)Successfulpeopledothingswithgreatenthusiasm,especiallywhentheybelieveinwhattheyaredoing.成功的人做事很有熱情，尤其是當(dāng)他們對自己所做的事有信念的時(shí)候?？键c(diǎn)6：upsetadj.心煩意亂的，煩惱的；不安的；不適的v．(upset,upset,upsetting)使不安；使心煩；打翻要點(diǎn)歸納(1)beupsetaboutsth為某事心煩/難過beupsettodosth對做某事感到不安/難過(2)Whatupsetssbisthat...讓某人心煩的是……Itupsetssbtodosth/that...做某事讓人心煩。/讓某人心煩的是……例6【單句填空】(1)Shewasupsettoknow(know)thatherapplicationforthepositionwasrefused.(2)Thereisnoneedtobeupsetaboutsuchasmallthing.(3)Hestormedintotheroom,upsetting(upset)theflowervaseonthetable.寫作鏈接句式升級(4)Itupsetusthatourflightwasdelayedbecauseofthefiercestorm.→Whatupsetuswasthatourflightwasdelayedbecauseofthefiercestorm.(what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句作主語)考點(diǎn)7：electv．選舉，推選；選擇要點(diǎn)歸納(1)electsb(as/tobe)＋職位＝sbbeelected(as/tobe)＋職位某人被選為……electtodosth選擇做某事(2)electionn.選舉例7【單句填空】(1)Tomwaselected(elect)chairman,forheishard-workingandresponsible.(2)IfIamluckyenoughtowintheelection(elect),thefirstthingIwilldoistoenrichourstudents'after-classactivities.補(bǔ)全句子(3)ItissaidthatonlytwostudentswillbeelectedtotakepartinthecomingEnglishspeechcontest.據(jù)說只有兩名學(xué)生將被選出去參加即將到來的英語演講比賽。（一）用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．(2021·全國乙卷)Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranksthembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformation(inform)fromofficialstadiumwebsites.2．(2021·全國甲卷)AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelighted(delight)withthenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinosareknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity(圈養(yǎng))．3．(2020·全國Ⅲ卷)Givenyourbusyschedule，I'dbeveryappreciative(appreciate)ifyouoffertogivesomeprofessionaladvice.4．(2020·天津卷)Galileowasnotmerely(mere)ambitiouswhenhedroppedobjectsofvaryingweightsfromtheLeaningToweratPisaandtimedtheirfalltotheground.5．Angerisrarely(rare)lookeduponasabeneficialcharactertrait,andisusuallyadvisedtoreduceit.6．Foryears,Margaretfeltembarrassed(embarrass)aboutherproblemwithmusic.（二）固定用法和搭配1．Soeverythingthathappenstoyouisworthyofpraiseandthanks.2．Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldapprovemyapplicationandinformmeoftheinterview.3．Ifyouhavetheinteresttovisitthere,don'tforgettotakeacameraandyouareguaranteedtoenjoy(enjoy)thesightsintheirnaturalstate.4．Tomydelight,myskin'soverallconditionisalsoimprovingdaybyday.5．Bygettingclosertotheadvancedscienceandtechnologiesinthisway，peoplecanprobeintotheirsecretmysteries.（三）完形填空：長難句分析（1）Itwasinspring,1968.Iwasstandingbesidearoad,hopingsomeonecouldgivemea____21____.Iwasheadingbacktocampusthatwasmilesawayandwasconsidering____22____.Manydriverssloweddownandthen____23____afterhavingalookatme.Ididn't____24____them.Whywouldtheypickupabearded,long-hairedstranger?Mylifewasvery____25____.Ifeltatalossincollege.Iconsideredpackingupmybelongingswhenreturningtomy____26____.Twohourspassed.Finallyacar____27____.Itoldthedrivermydestination."ThecollegeinOneonta?That's____28____.Getin,"hesaid."I'mAaron.Thisismywife,Sylvia.""I'mDave,ajunior,"Isaid.AaronaskedwhatIwas____29____incollege."History,"Isaid."Secondaryeducation.""Soyou'llbeateacher,"hesaid.Inodded."_____30_____!"Hesaidexcitedly.Iwassurprisedbyhisreaction.SylviaexplainedAaron'sdreamwastobeateacher._____31_____,hecouldn'taffordcollegeschooling.Sohereally_____32_____me.Aaronaskedaboutmycollegelife.Ipaintedapositivepictureofmy_____33_____.Forthefirsttime,Isawmyfutureinfrontofme—tobeagoodteacher.Iwasfilledwithasenseof_____34_____.Thankstothecouple,Igaveuptheideaofdiscontinuingmystudiesandfinally_____35_____asuccessfulteachingcareer.21.A.direction B.lift C.chance D.job22.A.walkingforward B.movingback C.droppingout D.checkingin23.A.left B.stopped C.laughed D.escaped24.A.trust B.forget C.know D.blame25.A.simple B.messy C.ordinary D.healthy26A.home B.dorm C.camp D.office27.A.pulledin B.wentback C.passedby D.brokedown28.A.unheard B.attractive C.uncompleted D.distant29.A.majoring B.lecturing C.worrying D.challenging30.A.Surprising B.Fantastic C.Boring D.Terrible31.A.Instead B.Otherwise C.However D.Therefore32.A.hated B.supported C.pitied D.admired33.A.school B.appearance C.experiences D.family34.A.purpose B.achievement C.security D.humor35.A.missed B.began C.returnedto D.putoff【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.B26.B27.A28.D29.A30.B31.C32.D33.C34.A35.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的大學(xué)生活很糟糕想輟學(xué)，結(jié)果給他搭便車的一對夫婦很羨慕他能當(dāng)老師。他感覺自己找到了明確的目標(biāo)，決定不輟學(xué)了，從此開啟了自己的教育生涯?！窘馕觥俊?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我站在路邊，希望有人能載我一程。A.direction方向；B.lift便車，提升；C.chance機(jī)會；D.job工作。根據(jù)下一段“Manydriverssloweddownandthen(3)afterhavingalookatme.”可知，作者是想搭便車。givesb.alift為固定搭配，意為“給某人搭便車”。故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我正要回幾英里外的校園，正考慮退學(xué)。A.walkingforward向前走；B.movingback后退；C.droppingout輟學(xué)；D.checkingin登記入住。根據(jù)下文“Thankstothecouple,Igaveuptheideaofdiscontinuingmystudies”可知，作者是想輟學(xué)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：很多司機(jī)都減速了，看了我一眼就離開了。A.left離開；B.stopped停止；C.laughed嘲笑；D.escaped逃跑。根據(jù)下一句“Whywouldtheypickupabearded,long-hairedstranger?”可知，這些司機(jī)只是看了看他然后離開了。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我沒有責(zé)怪他們。A.trust信任；B.forget忘記；C.know知道；D.blame責(zé)備。根據(jù)下一句“Whywouldtheypickupabearded,long-hairedstranger?”可知，作者自言自語的話，說明作者理解這些司機(jī)，所以沒有責(zé)備他們。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的生活很混亂。A.simple簡單的；B.messy混亂的；C.ordinary普通的；D.healthy健康的。根據(jù)下一句“Ifeltatalossincollege.”可知，我不知所措，所以事情應(yīng)該是很糟糕的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我考慮過回宿舍時(shí)收拾行李。A.home家；B.dorm宿舍；C.camp野營；D.office辦公室。根據(jù)上文“Ifeltatalossincollege.”可知，作者回宿舍時(shí)考慮收拾行李。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：最后一輛車停在路邊。A.pulledin靠邊停車；B.wentback后退；C.passedby經(jīng)過；D.brokedown拋錨。根據(jù)下一句“Itoldthedrivermydestination”可知，司機(jī)把車開到路邊接他。故選A項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那在遠(yuǎn)處。A.unheard未聽到的；B.attractive有吸引力的；C.uncompleted未完成的；D.distant遙遠(yuǎn)的。根據(jù)上一句“Itoldthedrivermydestination."ThecollegeinOneonta?”可知，作者告訴他要去的目的地，他應(yīng)該會說從這兒到目的地的距離更合適一些。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Aaron問我在大學(xué)主修什么。A.majoring主修；B.lecturing教，講授；C.worrying擔(dān)心；D.challenging挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)下一句“"History，"Isaid.”可知，問的是他的主修科目。故選A項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：”太棒了！”他興奮地說。A.Surprising令人驚訝的；B.Fantastic極好的；C.Boring無聊的；D.Terrible可怕的。根據(jù)下一句“Hesaidexcitedly”可知，應(yīng)該是認(rèn)為成為老師很好。故選B項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，他上不起大學(xué)。A.Instead代替，而不是；B.Otherwise否則；C.However然而；D.Therefore因此。Sylvia解釋說Aron的夢想是當(dāng)一名教師。但是他負(fù)擔(dān)不起大學(xué)教育。前后兩句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以用However。故選C項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：所以他真的很欽佩我。A.hated討厭；B.supported支持；C.pitied遺憾；D.admired欽佩，羨慕。根據(jù)上一句“SylviaexplainedAaron'sdreamwastobeateacher.(11)hecouldn'taffordcollegeschooling.”可知，她想當(dāng)老師，但是負(fù)擔(dān)不起學(xué)費(fèi),而作者要成為老師了，所以只會是羨慕。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我對我的經(jīng)歷描繪了一幅積極的畫面。A.school學(xué)校；B.appearance外表；C.experiences經(jīng)歷；D.family家庭。根據(jù)上一句“Aaronaskedaboutmycollegelife”可知，Aaron問了他的大學(xué)生活，作者給他描述了他的大學(xué)生活的經(jīng)歷。故選C項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我有一個(gè)明確的目標(biāo)。A.purpose目標(biāo)；B.achievement成就；C.security安全；D.humor幽默。根據(jù)上一句“Forthefirsttime,Isawmyfutureinfrontofme-tobeagoodteacher”可知，作者下決心成為一名好老師，所以有了一個(gè)明確的目標(biāo)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：多虧了這對夫婦，我放棄了輟學(xué)的念頭,最終開始了一段成功的教育生涯。A.missed想念；B.began開始；C.returnedto返還；D.putoff推遲。根據(jù)上一句“Thankstothecouple,Igaveuptheideaofdiscontinuingmystudies”可知，作者放棄了輟學(xué)的念頭，開始了他的教育生涯。故選B項(xiàng)。（2）VolunteeringhasbeenawayoflifeformeforthepastfiveyearssinceIwasfifteen.In2020I___21___withanewlyfoundedsocialenterprise,whichconductedcookinglessonsforvisuallyimpaired(視障)trainee___22___.Iabsolutelyloveditasitinvolvedmeaningful___23___withpeopleandIwasfully___24___throughouttheentiretimeIwasthere.Thiswasunlikesomeothertypesofvolunteering,whichmayinvolvemostlybehind-the-scenesworkthatcanget___25___afterawhile.Wecalledourselves“sightedassistants”andeachofuswas___26___withavisuallyimpairedtraineechef.Asavolunteer,IwouldwalkwiththetraineetotheEnablingVillage___27___,andthenensuretheir___28___astheylearnedtocookanewdish.Thisincludedhelpingthem___29___thepositionofthesink,ensuringproperuseofelectricalappliances,___30___boilingandhotobjects,aswellasbeingcarefulwithknivesamongotherthings.Beingtherewiththemmademetruly___31___howdifficultlifecanbewhenyouare___32___orcompletelyblind.Everytinytask___33___massiveeffort.Therearesomanypeoplewith___34___,Irealised.Whilemedicinestilldoesnothavethepowertocurealloftheseconditions,wearenevershortofwaystoempowertheseindividualsbymakinglife___35___andmoremeaningfulforthem.21.A.met B.cooperated C.started D.volunteered22.A.managers B.volunteers C.chefs D.doctors23.A.interaction B.appointment C.greeting D.conflict24.A.confused B.engaged C.surprised D.disturbed25.A.promising B.frightening C.challenging D.boring26.A.faced B.compared C.paired D.equipped27.A.lesson B.enterprise C.room D.kitchen28.A.satisfaction B.safety C.pleasure D.success29.A.leaveout B.missout C.figureout D.pointout30.A.avoiding B.touching C.approaching D.feeling31.A.appreciate B.imagine C.predict D.think32.A.temporarily B.partly C.accidentally D.originally33.A.simplifies B.causes C.takes D.offers34.A.disabilities B.difficulties C.determination D.power35.A.luckier B.tougher C.happier D.easier【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.B25.D26.C27.D28.B29.C30.A31.A32.B33.C34.A35.D【導(dǎo)語】本文為夾敘夾議文。作者講述了自己一次幫助視力受損的實(shí)習(xí)廚師學(xué)習(xí)烹飪課程的經(jīng)歷，明白了殘疾人的生活不易。【解析】【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2020年，我在一家新成立的社會企業(yè)擔(dān)任志愿者，該企業(yè)為視障廚師學(xué)員提供烹飪課程。A.met遇見；B.cooperated合作；C.started開始；D.volunteered自愿做，無償做。根據(jù)“VolunteeringhasbeenawayoflifeformeforthepastfiveyearssinceIwasfifteen.”可知，作者從15歲起，志愿服務(wù)已經(jīng)成為過去五年的生活方式，所以在一家新成立的社會企業(yè)無償服務(wù)。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：2020年，我在一家新成立的社會企業(yè)擔(dān)任志愿者，該企業(yè)為視力受損的實(shí)習(xí)廚師提供烹飪課程。A.managers經(jīng)理；B.volunteers志愿者；C.chefs廚師；D.doctors醫(yī)生。根據(jù)句意可知，該企業(yè)提供的是烹飪課程，所以培訓(xùn)的應(yīng)為廚師。故選C。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我非常喜歡這份工作，因?yàn)樗婕暗脚c人有意義的互動，我在那里的整個(gè)時(shí)間都完全投入。A.interaction互動；B.appointment約定；C.greeting問候；D.conflict沖突。根據(jù)句意可知，這份工作是幫助視障廚師學(xué)員學(xué)習(xí)烹飪課程，是人與人之間的互動。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我非常喜歡這份工作，因?yàn)樗婕暗脚c人有意義的互動，我在那里的整個(gè)時(shí)間都完全投入。A.confused困惑的；B.engaged忙于……的；C.surprised驚訝的；D.disturbed心煩意亂的。根據(jù)句意可知，作者很喜歡這份工作，所以會全身心投入（忙于）其中。故選B。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這與其他類型的志愿工作不同，其他類型的志愿工作可能主要涉及幕后工作，一段時(shí)間后可能會變得無聊。A.promising有希望的；B.frightening令人害怕的；C.challenging具有挑戰(zhàn)性的；D.boring令人厭倦的。根據(jù)前文“IabsolutelyloveditasitinvolvedmeaningfulinteractionwithpeopleandIwasfullyengagedthroughouttheentiretimeIwasthere.”作者很喜歡這份工作。此處作者把之前的工作和這份工作對比，故可知，作者認(rèn)為之前的工作久而久之會令人厭倦。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們稱自己為“視力正常的助理”，每個(gè)人都配有一個(gè)視力受損的實(shí)習(xí)廚師。A.faced面對；B.compared對比；C.paired使成對；D.equipped配備。根據(jù)句意可知，我們的工作就是幫助視力受損的實(shí)習(xí)廚師，且bepairedwith與……配對，此處指一對一幫助，故選C?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名志愿者，我會陪學(xué)員走到EnablingVillage廚房，然后在他們學(xué)習(xí)烹飪新菜式時(shí)確保他們的安全。A.lesson課程；B.enterprise企業(yè)；C.room房間；D.kitchen廚房。根據(jù)句意可知，學(xué)員要學(xué)習(xí)烹飪新菜式，故作者陪他們走到廚房。故選D。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名志愿者，我會陪學(xué)員走到EnablingVillage廚房，然后在他們學(xué)習(xí)烹飪新菜式時(shí)確保他們的安全。A.satisfaction滿意；B.safety安全；C.pleasure高興；D.success成功。根據(jù)第二段第一句“In2020Ivolunteeredwithanewlyfoundedsocialenterprise,whichconductedcookinglessonsforvisuallyimpaired(視障)traineechefs”可知，這些學(xué)員為視力受損的實(shí)習(xí)廚師，故作者要保證他們的安全。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：這包括幫助他們弄清楚水槽的位置，確保正確使用電器，避免沸騰和熱的物體，以及小心使用刀等物品。A.leaveout遺漏；B.missout錯(cuò)過；C.figureout算出，弄明白；D.pointout指出。根據(jù)句意可知，作者的工作任務(wù)是確保視力受損的實(shí)習(xí)廚師的安全，所以是幫助他們弄清楚水槽的位置。故選C。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這包括幫助他們弄清楚水槽的位置，確保正確使用電器，避免沸騰和熱的物體，以及小心使用刀等物品。A.avoiding避免；B.touching觸摸；C.approaching靠近；D.feeling感覺。根據(jù)句意可知，作者的工作任務(wù)是確保視力受損的實(shí)習(xí)廚師的安全，且空后的賓語是“沸騰和熱的物體”，所以應(yīng)為作者幫助他們避開沸騰和熱的物體。故選A。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：和他們在一起讓我真正理解，當(dāng)你部分失明或完全失明時(shí)，生活是多么艱難。A.appreciate理解，意識到；B.imagine想象；C.predict預(yù)測；D.think認(rèn)為。根據(jù)句意可知，“當(dāng)你部分失明或完全失明時(shí)，生活是多么艱難”是作者明白的道理。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：和他們在一起讓我真正理解，當(dāng)你部分失明或完全失明時(shí)，生活是多么艱難。A.temporarily暫時(shí)地；B.partly部分地；C.accidentally偶然地；D.originally起初。根據(jù)空后completely可知，空處形成對照，應(yīng)為partly，且本文講的是“visuallyimpaired(視障)traineechefs”可知，他們并非全盲。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每一件小事都需要付出巨大的努力。A.simplifies簡化；B.causes引起；C.takes需要；D.offers提供。根據(jù)句意可知，對于視力受損的實(shí)習(xí)廚師，每一件小事都需要付出巨大的努力。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我意識到，有很多人有殘疾。A.disabilities殘疾；B.difficulties困難；C.determination決心；D.power力量。銜接下句“Whilemedicinestilldoesnothavethepowertocurealloftheseconditions,wearenevershortofwaystoempowertheseindividualsbymakinglifeeaierandmoremeaningfulforthem.”可知，作者通過這次志愿者經(jīng)歷明白了世界上有很多人有殘疾，即使醫(yī)學(xué)無法治愈，但是我們還是可以盡自己的力量讓他們生活更容易。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然醫(yī)學(xué)仍然沒有能力治愈所有這些疾病，但我們從不缺少讓這些人的生活更容易、更有意義的方法。A.luckier更幸運(yùn)；B.tougher更艱難；C.happier更快樂；D.e