2021屆寧夏銀川某中學(xué)高三年級(jí)上冊(cè)第五次月考英語試卷及解析

2021屆寧夏銀川一中高三上學(xué)期第五次月考

英語試卷

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（解析版）

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題的答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需

改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫

在本試卷及草稿紙上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分：聽力理解（共兩節(jié)。滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),

并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一

小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.$19,15.B.$9.18C.$9.15

答案是C.

1.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

A.Buyanewrefrigerator.B.Puttherefrigeratorfaraway.

C.Havetherefrigeratorfixed.

2.WherewiIIthespeakersmeetSalIy?

A.Inthepark.B.Inthemuseum.C.AttheIibrary.

3.Whatdoesthemanhopetodo?

A.Attendameeting.B.Havearest.C.WatchabasketbaIImatch.

4.Whatdoesthemanneedasuitfor?

A.Adanceparty.B.Abusinesstrip.C.Ajobinterview.

5.Whydidn'tthemangetthetickets?

A.Heforgotaboutit.B.ThepIaywascanceIed.C.TherewerenoticketsIeft.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，

每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6和第7兩個(gè)小題。

6.WhydoesthewomancometotheIibrary?

A.Torenewabook.B.Toreturnthebooks.C.ToIookforherIibrarycard.

7.Howmanybookscanstudentsborrowatmostatatimenow?

A.4.B.5.C.10.

聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8和第9兩個(gè)小題。

8.Whatistheman?

A.Ahighschoolstudent.B.AcoIIegestudent.C.Asupermarketmanager.

9.WherewiIIthespeakersgofirst?

A.Acoffeeshop.B.Acinema.C.Asupermarket.

聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第10至第12三個(gè)小題。

10.HowdoesthewomanfeeIaboutthenews?

A.Disappointed.B.Surprised.C.Nervous.

11.Whydidthemanquithisjob?

A.HeIosthisinterestinthejob.

B.Hisbossoftengotangrywithhim.

0.HehadIiILIechanceLugeLprornoLion.

12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

A.GotraveIingwithhisparentsfirst.B.FindasatisfyingjobimmediateIy.

C.Trytoimprovehimself.

聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第13至第16四個(gè)小題。

13.WhereisBobnow?

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A.InaTVstation.B.Atafriend'shouse.C.Inhisoffice.

14.WheredidBobgrowup?

A.InFrance.B.InSwitzerIand.C.IntheUK.

15.WhatsatisfiesBobmostaboutWeybridge?

A.ThenaturaIscenery.B.ThefriendIypeopIe.C.TheIivingfacilities.

16.HowdoesBobIikehisneighbor'sdog?

A.Annoying.B.Frightening.C.AcceptabIe.

聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第17至第20四個(gè)小題。

17.WhatisthepurposeofthetaIk?

A.ToexplaintheruIesofarace.B.ToteIIaboutaweekendevent.

C.Tointroducesomerunners.

18.WhenshouIdrunnersarriveattheTownHall?

A.At8:30.B.At9:15.C.At9:45.

19.Whataretheprizesforthewinners?

A.Money.B.Coats.C.Runningshoes.

20.HowmuchshouIdafamiIypaytorunintherace?

A.$6.B.$5.0.$4.5.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

OnIineFreeCourses

EnglishGrammarandStyle

We'IIpresentrnaLeriaIsIhaLcovergrammaIicaIprinciples,wordusage,wriIing

styIe,sentenceandparagraphstructureandpunctuation.We'IIchaIIengeyouwith

quizzesandwritingactivitiesthatwiIIgiveyoustrategiestoenhancethequaIity

ofyourwriting,andinviteyoutoparticipateindiscussionsandassesstheworkof

yourpeers（同齡人）.

Length:8weeks

Instructor:RosIynPeteIinfromtheUniversityofQueensIand

AcademicWritingMadeEasy

Fromstructuringandorganizinganacademictexttoavoidingcommonmistakesthat

cannegativeIyaffectyourcredibiIity,thiscourseoffersaguideforthosewhowant

toimprovetheirwriting.EachweekiscomprisedofvideoIessons,followedby

exercisesandtasksofassessingyourpeers'work.

Thecourserequiresupper-intermediate（中高級(jí)）toadvancedEnglish.

Length:6weeks

Instructor:HeidiMinningfromtheTechnicaIUniversityofMunich

PreparingtoNetworkinEnglish

NetworkinginthebusinessworIdiskeytocareersuccess.Butwhatisnetworking?

AndhowdoyoudoitinEngIish?ThiscourseheIpsyouunderstandthebasicsof

networkingandwhyit*simportant.You'IIidentifythekeyquaIitiesyoushouIdfocus

ondeveIoping.MostimportantIy,you5IIgrowandexpandyourbusinessnetworkand

professionaIconnections.

Length:6weeks

Instructor:JoeIOzretichfromtheUniversityofWashington

UsingEmaiIsforNetworkinginEnglish

Inthiscourse,you'IIIearnimportantstrategiesforwritingeffectiveemaiIs.

You'IIIearnhowtowritemessagesfordifferentaudiencesandunderstandwhento

beformaIordirect.You'IIaIsoIearnhowyourchoiceofwordscanchangetheway

peopIeviewyourmessage.

Length:4weeks

Inslruulor;DaphneMackey「r5nLheUniversityofWashingLon

1.Whatdothefirsttwocourseshaveincommon?

A.BothIastforoneandahaIfmonths.

B.Bothinvolvesomepeerreviewtasks.

C.Bothrequireupper-intermediateEnglish.

D.Bothareofferedbythesameuniversity.

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2.WhowiIIofferthecourseontheimportanceofthebusinessnetwork?

A.RosIynPeteIin.B.HeidiMinning.

C.JoeIOzretich.D.DaphneMackey.

3.Whatdoestheshortestcoursefocuson?

A.Improvingemail-writingskills.

B.Givingtipsonacademicwriting.

C.ExpIoringgrammaticaIprinciples

D.Introducingthebasicsofnetworking.

【答案】1.B2.C3.A

【解析】

這是一篇廣告。本文主要介紹了四種不同的在線免費(fèi)課程，及其各自的主要課程內(nèi)容，時(shí)長(zhǎng)和

講師等C

[1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一門課程中的inviteyoutoparticipateindiscussionsandassess

theworkofyourpeers.”（并邀請(qǐng)您參與討論和評(píng)估同齡人的工作），以及第二門課程中

的“EachweekiscomprisedofvideoIessons,followedbyexercisesandtasksof

assessingyourpeers'work.（每周都有視頻課程，然后是練習(xí)和評(píng)估同齡人工作的任務(wù)）

可知，前兩門課共同點(diǎn)在于兩者都涉及一些同齡人評(píng)審任務(wù)。故選B項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三門課程中的"Thiscoursehelpsyouunderstandthebasicsof

networkingandwhyit'simportant.（本課程幫助您了解網(wǎng)絡(luò)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)及其重要性）

以及uInstructor:JoeIOzretichfromtheUniversityofWashingtonM（講師:來自華

盛頓大學(xué)的JoelOzretich）可知，JoelOzretich將提供有關(guān)商業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)重要性的課程。故選

C項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EngIishGrammarandStyIe部分的“Length:8weeks"、AcademicWriting

MadeEasy部分的“Length:6weeks",PreparingtoNetworkinEnglish部分的“Length:

6weeks"和UsingEmaiIsforNetworkinginEnglish部分的“Length:4weeks"及“Inthis

course,you'IIIearnimportantstrategiesforwritingeffectiveemails."（在本課

程中，您將學(xué)習(xí)撰寫有效電子郵件的重要策略）可知，課時(shí)最短的課程是UsingEmailsfor

NetworkinginEnglish,其重點(diǎn)在于提高電子郵件寫作技巧。故選A項(xiàng)。

B

HewasborninaBavarianviIIagein1829,runningawayfromanti-Semitism（反

猶太主義）withhisfamiIyat17.FromNewYork,hecaughtasteamertoCaIifornia,

anewlymintedAmericancitizen,withaviewtoexpandingthefamily'sdrygoods

business.ButtheseweretheexcitingdaysoftheGoIdRush,andtheyoungmandreamed

ofmakingitbig.HisinitiativepaidoffsoweIIthatyoumaybewearinghisinvention

now:hisnamewasLeviStrauss.

TechnicaIIy,theentrepreneurwhowentbythename“UncleLevi"didn'tinvent

thecopperrivets（銅鐘釘）onjeans.TheideacamefromatailornamedJacobDavisin

NevadawhoboughtcIothfromStrausstomakeworkcIothesforIaborers.In1872,

JacobDavispersuadedhimtojointlyfiIeforapatentforan“improvementinfastening

pocketopeningsM,andtoshiftfromsellingfabrictofinishedtrousers.ThenfoIIows

ahistoryofmarketinggenius---documentedintheIargest-everpubIicdisplayof

artefacts（手工制品）fromLeviStrauss&Co.

"LeviStrauss:AHistoryofAmericanStyle“attheContemporaryJewishMuseum

inSanFranciscoweavestogethercorporate,cuIturaIandsociaItrendstoteIIthe

storyofoneofthecountry'smostfamousexports.WhenStraussdiedin1902,nobody

couIdhaveexpectedthatthefirmhefoundedwouIddefineAmerica'sstyIeandbecome

apopuIarsignglobally.ItdidthatbyropingitsproducttotwomythicAmerican

figures:thecowboyandtherebeI（叛逆者）.

Levi's501jeansweretough.Marketedoriginallytofarmers,mechanicsandminers,

LheybecameLhegarb（月艮裝）ofchoiceforWesternhorsemen.IIwasn'LIongbefore

somecelebritiesJohnWayneandClarkGabIewerewearingthemintovariousshows,

foIIowedbyrebeIspIayedbyMarIonBrandoandJamesDean.

Thebrand'sadvertisingrodethecounteredIturaI（反主流文化）wave,usingits

statusasabadgeofcooInessandfreedom.MariIynMonroeworeLevi's;AndyWarhol

popuIarizedthem.Jeansthatgracedmanyfamousfigures---includingPattiSmith,

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MadonnaandBeyonce---fillthegaIIeryandspanthedecades.

4.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutteenageStrauss?

A.Hewasbusiness-minded.

B.HejoinedtheGoldRush.

C.Hewasindependentofhisfamily.

D.Heseemedunaffectedbyanti-Semitism.

5.WhatwasJacobDavis'contribution?

A.HetransferredhispatenttoStrauss.

B.HeimprovedthecIothpurchasedfromStrauss.

C.HeheIpedwithmarketinginLeviStrauss&Co.

D.HetaIkedStraussintoproducingready-madecIothes.

6.WhatcanbeIearnedaboutLevi*s501jeans?

A.TheywereoriginallysoIdtoWesternhorsemen.

B.TheywereconstantIyinIinewiththedominantcuIture.

C.TheyshiftedfrombeingfunctionaItobeingdecorative.

D.TheyfirsthadacoIdweIcomefromentertainmentworkers.

7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.ThehistoryofLevi'sjeans.

B.ThechangesofpopuIarculture.

C.TherebeIlionofaBavarianboy.

D.TheAmericanstyIerefIectedinjeans.

【答案】4.A5.D6.C7,A

【解析】

這是一篇記敘文。文章主要敘述了SLrauss的成功和其品牌李維斯牛仔褲的歷史。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段"HewasborninaBavarianviIIagein1829,runningaway

fromanti-Semitism（反猶太主義）withhisfamiIyat17.FromNewYork,hecaughta

steamertoCaIifornia,anewlymintedAmericancitizen,withaviewtoexpandingthe

family'sdrygoodsbusiness.ButtheseweretheexcitingdaysoftheGoIdRush,and

theyoungmandreamedofmakingitbig."（1829年，他出生在巴伐利亞的一個(gè)村莊，17

歲時(shí)，他和家人為了躲避反猶太主義而離家出走。從紐約，他坐上了一艘輪船去了加利福尼亞,

他是一個(gè)剛剛成為美國(guó)公民的人，想要擴(kuò)大家族的干貨生意。但那是淘金熱的激動(dòng)人心的日子,

這個(gè)年輕人夢(mèng)想著要出人頭地。）可推知，青年時(shí)期的Strauss有商業(yè)頭腦。故選A。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TheideacamefromaTailornamedJacobDavisinNevada

whoboughtcIothfromStrausstomakeworkcIothesforIaborers.In1872,JacobDavis

persuadedhimtojointlyfiIeforapatentforanuimprovementinfasteningpocket

openingsn,andtoshiftfromsellingfabrictofinishedtrousers.（這個(gè)想法來自

內(nèi)華達(dá)州一個(gè)名叫雅各布?戴維斯的裁縫，他從施特勞斯那里購(gòu)買布料，為勞動(dòng)者制作工作服。

1872年，雅各布?戴維斯（JacobDavis）說服他共同為"加固口袋開口的改進(jìn)”申請(qǐng)專利，并

將銷售布料轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槌善费澴覥可知，他說服Strauss生產(chǎn)成衣°故選D.

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段"Levi's501jeansweretough.MarketedoriginalIyto

farmers,mechanicsandminers,theybecamethegarbofchoiceforWesternhorsemen.

Itwasn5tIongbeforesomeceIebritiesJohnWayneandClarkGabIewerewearingthem

intovariousshows,followedbyrebeIspIayedbyMarlonBrandoandJamesDean.”（李

維斯的501牛仔褲很結(jié)實(shí)。它們最初面向農(nóng)民、機(jī)械師和礦工銷售，后來成為西方騎士的首選

服裝。不久之后，一些名人約翰-韋恩和克拉克?蓋博就穿著它們參加了各種各樣的演出，馬

龍-白蘭度和詹姆斯?迪恩飾演的叛軍也緊隨其后。）可知，李維斯的501牛仔褲從功能性轉(zhuǎn)

變?yōu)檠b飾性服裝。故選C。

7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段"HisinitiativepaidoffsoweIIthatyoumaybewearing

hisirivenLionnow:hisrianewasLeviSlrauss.”（他的創(chuàng)舉帶來了豐厚的回報(bào)，你現(xiàn)在

可能正穿著他的發(fā)明：他的名字叫李維斯-斯特勞斯。）、第二段"Thenfollowsahistoryof

marketinggenius---documentedintheIargest-everpubIicdisplayofartefacts（手工

制品）fromLeviStrauss&Co."（接下來是一段營(yíng)銷天才的歷史李維斯公司（Levi

Strauss&Co.）有史以來規(guī)模最大的藝術(shù)品公開展覽記錄了這段歷史。）、第三段””Levi

Strauss:AHistoryofAmericanStyIenattheContemporaryJewishMuseuminSan

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Franciscoweavestogethercorporate,cultureIandsociaItrendstoteIIthestoryof

oneofthecountry5smostfamousexports.（舊金山當(dāng)代猶太博物館舉辦的“列維,施特

勞斯:美國(guó)風(fēng)格的歷史”展覽，將企業(yè)、文化和社會(huì)趨勢(shì)結(jié)合在一起，講述了美國(guó)最著名的出

口產(chǎn)品之一的故事。）、第四段“Levi1s501jeansweretough."（李維斯的501牛仔褲很

結(jié)實(shí)。）可知，文章主要介紹了Strauss的成功和其品牌李維斯牛仔褲的歷史。由此可知，A

項(xiàng)：ThehistoryofLevi，sjeans.（李維斯牛仔褲的歷史。）是最合適的標(biāo)題。故選A。

C

SineeappsIikeUberandLyftcameonthescene,ridesharingserviceshave

dramaticaIIychangedthewaypeopIegetaround.AnewstudyoutofCoIumbiaUniversity

reveaIsadownsideoftheseservices.Itturnsoutthatridesharingtripscausean

increaseinthenumberofaccidentsinvolvingmotoristsandpedestriansatpick-up

anddrop-offIocations.

Previousstudiesontherelationshipbetweenridesharingservicesandvehicle

crashescomparecitieswhereridesharingservicesareavaiIabIewithcitieswherethey

arenot,andthismakesresuItssomewhatambiguous.InthisstudyresearchersanaIyze

individuaItripstomakethepictureaIittIecIearer.

ResearchersanaIyzeddatafrom372millionridesharingtripsinNewYorkCity

between2017and2018.Wheneveracrashoccurredinthecity,theycaIcuIatedthenumber

ofridesharingtripsthatbeganorendedintheareaatthetimeoftheaccident.They

comparedthiswiththenumberoftripsthattookplaceinthesamelocationoneweek

beforeandoneweekafterthecrash.ResearchersdidthesamecalculationsforreguIar

taxiridesaspartoftheiranaIyses.Also,separateanaIyseswereperformedbased

onthetypeofpeopIeinjuredinthecrash:pedestrians,motoristsoreyeIists.

TheresuILsofLheanaIysesshowIhaLLheriseiriridesharingLripsisassocialed

withanincreaseinthenumberofaccidentsinvoIvingpedestriansandmotorists,but

noteyeIists.Furthermore,theydidnotfindthissameassociationbetweentaxitrips

andaccidents.

URidesharingischangingthewaywemovearoundcities.nsaysfirstauthor

ChristopherMorrison."ItisbecomingcIearthatthetechnoIogyreduces

aIcohoI-reIatedcrashes,butthesebenefitsdonotseemtoextendtotheoveraIInumber

ofcrashes.ThesefindingsheIpexplainwhythatmightbe----becausethereductions

inaIcohoI-reIatedcrashesareoffset（抵消）byincreasesinothertypesofcrashes."

ResearchershopethatcitiesandridesharingserviceswiIIusetheresultsofthis

studytotakemeasuresthstmightreducethenumberofcrashes."Incrowdedareas

withIargenumbersofridesharepick-upsanddrop-offs,citiescouldconsiderbuiIding

taxi-rankstyIeinfrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）toprotectpedestriansandprevent

crashes,“coneIudesMorrison.

8.Whatdoweknowaboutpreviousstudiesonridesharingservices?

A.TheiranalysisishardIyreIiabIe.

B.TheirfindingsareratherridicuIous.

C.Theirresearchmethodisout-of-date.

D.TheirresearchsampIeisnotwideenough.

9.WhatdoesthesurveyteIIus?

A.TheincreaseinridesharingtripscanIeadtoanincreaseinaccidentsbetween

eyeIistsandpedestrians.

B.Whenthereisahighnumberofridesharingtrips,thereisusuaIIyanincreasein

thenumberofaccidents.

C.Ridesharingischangingthewaywemovearoundcities.

D.CycIistsarealwayssafe.

10WhatfactdoestheunderIinedword“that"inParagraph5referto?

A.RidesharingreducesaIcohoI-reIatedcrashes.

B.RidesharingdoesnJtincreaseaccidentsinvoIvingcycIists.

0.VariouslypesofcrashesincreasewiIhridesharingservices.

D.OveraIIcrashesdon5tdecreaseaIongwithaIcohoI-reIatedcrashes.

11.WhatdoesMorrisonsuggestinthelastparagraph?

A.Improvinginfrastructuretoexpandtaxiservices.

B.BanningridesharingservicesincrowdedpIaces.

C.ConstructingsomestopsforridesharingvehicIes.

-io-

D.Reducingthenumberofpick-upsanddrop-offs.

【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C

【解析】

這是一篇議論文。文章談?wù)摿似窜嚪?wù)帶來的負(fù)面影響，并給出一些解決建議。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“PreviousstudiesonthereIationshipbetweenridesharing

servicesandvehicIecrashescomparecitieswhereridesharingservicesareavaiIabIe

withcitieswheretheyarenot,andthismakesresuItssomewhatambiguous.Inthis

studyresearchersanaIyzeindividuaItripstomakethepictureaIittIeclearer.5,

（以前對(duì)于拼車服務(wù)和車禍之間關(guān)系的研究比較了有拼車服務(wù)的城市和沒有這種服務(wù)的城市，

這使得結(jié)果有些模糊。）可知，以前關(guān)于拼車服務(wù)的研究的結(jié)果是模糊的，他們的分析幾乎不

可靠c故選A項(xiàng)c

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“TheresuItsoftheanaIysesshowthattheriseinridesharing

tripsisassociatedwithanincreaseinthenumberofaccidentsinvolvingpedestrians

andmotorists,butnotcyclists."（分析結(jié)果表明，拼車出行的增加與涉及行人和駕車

者的事故數(shù)量的增加有關(guān)，而與騎自行車者無關(guān)。）可知，當(dāng)有高數(shù)量的拼車旅行時(shí)，通常會(huì)

增加事故的數(shù)量。故選B項(xiàng)。

【10題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中ChristopherMorrison所說"ItisbecomingcIearthatthe

technoIogyreducesaIcohol-reIatedcrashes,butthesebenefitsdonotseemtoextend

totheoveralInumberofcrashes."（越來越清楚的是，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)減少了與酒精相關(guān)的撞

車事故，但這些好處似乎并沒有擴(kuò)大到撞車事故的總數(shù)。）可知，撞車事故的總數(shù)并沒有隨著

酒精相關(guān)撞車事故的減少而減少。所以“ThesefiridingsheIpexpIairiwhyIhaLmighIbe-H

中的that就是代指前文“總體撞車率不會(huì)隨著酒精相關(guān)撞車率的降低而降低?！备倪xD項(xiàng)。

[11題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Morrison所說"IncrowdedareaswithIargenumbersof

ridesharepick-upsanddrop-offs,citiescouIdconsiderbuiIdingtaxi-rankstyIe

infrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）toprotectpedestriansandpreventcrashes.n（在有大量

拼車接送的擁擠地區(qū)，城市可以考慮修建出租車級(jí)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，以保護(hù)行人，防止撞車。）可

知，在最后一段Morrison建議在拼車接送的地方，建造一些拼車站點(diǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)。

D

Aftertheseasonforgiving,itistheoneforthrowingaway.EachyearinIate

DecemberandearIyJanuaryamassiveamountofpIasticpackagingisdiscarded（丟

棄）worIdwide.InBritainalonehouseholdsgenerate30%morewaste,anextra3mtonnes,

inthemonthoverChristmss.MostisdestinedforIandfill.LithuaniawilldoIess

damagethanmany,though.ThecountrynowrecycIesatarecordIeveI.Almostthree-

quarters（74%）ofpIasticpackagingwastewasrecycIedtherein2017,thehighest

proportioninEurope.

MuchofLithuania'ssuccessisduetoadepositrefundscheme（方案）.Customers

pay€0.10extrawhenbuyingdrinkscontainers.Afteruse,thesecanbefedintoreverse

vendingmachines（反向自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)）instaIledinshops,whichspitthedepositbackout.

Themachines1contentsaresentdirectIytorecycIingcenters.Bytheendof2017,

92%ofaIIbottIesandcanssoIdinLithuaniawerebeingreturned.TheoveralIpIastic

packagingrecycIingrateincreasedbyalmost20%.

TheLithuaniangovernmentsaystheschemehasfueIedapotentiaIIoveforrecycIing

initscitizens.NearIy90%ofLithuanianshaveusedthemachinesatIeastonce.However,

Lithuaniansdonotgenera11ydescribethemseIvesaseco-fighters.A2017surveyby

theEuropeanCommissionfoundtheywereIessIikeIythanmostotherEuropeanstoregard

environmentaIissuesas“veryimportant”.

TheeagernessofLithuanianrecycIersmaystemnotfromaloveoftheEarthbut

fromalownetworth（資本凈值）.AtenthofthepopuIationIiveonIessthan€245a

month.InbigciIiesiIisGomrnoriloseepeopIescoopingrecyctableiLemsouLofbins

totaketothemachines.

LessIitterandmoneyforpeoplewhoneeditseemsIikeawin-win.Butitmight

notinfactbebestfortheenvironmentintheIongrun.InGermany----whereasimiIar,

widelyusedrefunddepositschemehasbeeninpIacesinee2003---theearningsfrom

keepingthedepositsfromunreturnedbottIesseemtohavediscouragedproducersfrom

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switchingtomoresustainabIepackaging.

12.WhatmightmostLithuaniancustomersdounderthedepositrefundscheme?

A.TheysendtheirdrinkscontainersdirectIytorecycIingcenters.

B.TheyspendmoreondrinksthanotherEuropeancustomers.

C.Theyreturntheiruseddrinkscontainers.

D.Theyusevendingmachinestobuydrinks.

13.Whatdidthe2017surveyfindout?

A.LithuaniabeatmanycountriesinpIasticrecycIing.

B.LithuanianswereIessawareofenvironmentaIconservation.

C.LithuaniansmademuchmoneyfromrecycIing.

D.LithuaniahadanunequaIincomedistribution.

14.Whatistheauthor5sattitudetothedepositrefundscheme?

A.Positive.B.UnfavorabIe.

C.Ambiguous.D.Uninterested.

15.Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?

A.HowandwhyLithuaniansrecycIetheirtrash.

B.HowwasteturnsintotreasureinLithuania

C.WhoarerecycIingpIacticbottIesinLithuania

D.WhereLithuaniansthrowawaytheirplasticpackaging

【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.A

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了立陶宛政府在垃圾回收方面制定的計(jì)劃，以及立陶宛人愿意

實(shí)施這一計(jì)劃的原因以及如何進(jìn)行的垃圾回收。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“MuchofLithuania'ssuccessisduetoadepositrefundscheme

（方案）.Customerspay€0.10extrawhenbuyingdrinkscontainers.Afteruse,these

canbefedintoreversevendingmachines（反向自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)）instaIIedinshops,which

spitthedepositbackout.（立陶宛的成功很大程度上歸功于押金退款計(jì)劃，顧客在購(gòu)

買飲料容器時(shí)需額外支付0.10歐元。使用后，這些可以被送入安裝在商店里的反向自動(dòng)售貨

機(jī)，自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)將押金吐出來）可知，在押金退款計(jì)劃下，大多數(shù)立陶宛消費(fèi)者會(huì)退回他們用

過的飲料容器。故選C項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“A2017surveybytheEuropeanCommissionfoundtheywere

IessIikeIythanmostotherEuropeanstoregardenvironmentaIissuesas'very

important5.5,（歐盟委員會(huì)2017年的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，與大多數(shù)其他歐洲人相比，他們認(rèn)為

環(huán)境問題“非常重要”的可能性較?。┛芍?017年的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)立陶宛人對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)的意識(shí)

較低。故選B項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的"LessIitterandmoneyforpeopIewhoneeditseemsIike

av/in-win.ButitmightnotinfactbebestfortheenvironmentintheIongrun.J,

（減少垃圾和錢對(duì)于需要的人來說似乎是雙贏的.但事實(shí)上，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看，這并不是對(duì)環(huán)境最

有利的）可知，筆者對(duì)退押金計(jì)劃持一種不支持的態(tài)度。故選B項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文可知，文章第一段介紹了立陶宛實(shí)施垃圾回收的背景，第二段介紹該國(guó)

政府制定的垃圾回收方案，第三段介紹了該國(guó)人民實(shí)行垃圾回收的意愿，第四段介紹了他們進(jìn)

行垃圾回收的原因。即本文主要由垃圾回收問題引出了立陶宛政府在垃圾回收方面制定的計(jì)

劃，以及立陶宛人愿意實(shí)施這一計(jì)劃的原因以及如何進(jìn)行垃圾回收。因此本文重點(diǎn)在于陶宛人

如何以及為什么回收他們的垃圾。故選A項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

HaveyoueverhadachatwithSiri?DoyouaskGoogIetopIayyourfavoritesong?

HaveyoueverhadAIexaorderapizzafordinner?16

VoiceassislantsareprogramsondigilaIdevicesIhaLIislenandrespondloverbaI

（口頭的）commands.Userscansay,"What'stheweatherIike?"andthevoiceassistant

wiIIanswerwiththeweatherreportforthatdayandlocation.Theycouldsay,"TeII

meastory,"andtheassistantwiIIjumpintoataIe.Buthowdovoiceassistants

understandus?AcompIexsystemofcodes?AnactuaIpersonIisteningontheotherend?

17

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ItaIIstartswithasignaIword.Haveyouevercalledafriend'snametogettheir

attention?Userssaythenamesoftheirvoiceassi